1 int main(){
2 long count = 0;
3 long rd = 0;
4 return 0;
5 }
Above is the C++ code and we need to refer this line number using a \ref.
Suppose in my LaTeX article I have to do code explanation using line numbers.
For example, line number 1 is all about int main for the above C++ code. Similarly, line number 2 is all about variable declaration.
1 int main(){
2 long count = 0;/*#\label{stat-3}*/
3 long rd = 0;/*#\label{stat-4}*/
4 return 0;
5 }
Above is the C++ code and we need to refer to this line number using \ref.
Suppose in my LaTeX article I have to do code explanation using line number like \ref{stat-3}. But for me it is not working.
Related
I have some questions regarding the flash memory with a dspic33ep512mu810.
I'm aware of how it should be done:
set all the register for address, latches, etc. Then do the sequence to start the write procedure or call the builtins function.
But I find that there is some small difference between what I'm experiencing and what is in the DOC.
when writing the flash in WORD mode. In the DOC it is pretty straightforward. Following is the example code in the DOC
int varWord1L = 0xXXXX;
int varWord1H = 0x00XX;
int varWord2L = 0xXXXX;
int varWord2H = 0x00XX;
int TargetWriteAddressL; // bits<15:0>
int TargetWriteAddressH; // bits<22:16>
NVMCON = 0x4001; // Set WREN and word program mode
TBLPAG = 0xFA; // write latch upper address
NVMADR = TargetWriteAddressL; // set target write address
NVMADRU = TargetWriteAddressH;
__builtin_tblwtl(0,varWord1L); // load write latches
__builtin_tblwth(0,varWord1H);
__builtin_tblwtl(0x2,varWord2L);
__builtin_tblwth(0x2,varWord2H);
__builtin_disi(5); // Disable interrupts for NVM unlock sequence
__builtin_write_NVM(); // initiate write
while(NVMCONbits.WR == 1);
But that code doesn't work depending on the address where I want to write. I found a fix to write one WORD but I can't write 2 WORD where I want. I store everything in the aux memory so the upper address(NVMADRU) is always 0x7F for me. The NVMADR is the address I can change. What I'm seeing is that if the address where I want to write modulo 4 is not 0 then I have to put my value in the 2 last latches, otherwise I have to put the value in the first latches.
If address modulo 4 is not zero, it doesn't work like the doc code(above). The value that will be at the address will be what is in the second set of latches.
I fixed it for writing only one word at a time like this:
if(Address % 4)
{
__builtin_tblwtl(0, 0xFFFF);
__builtin_tblwth(0, 0x00FF);
__builtin_tblwtl(2, ValueL);
__builtin_tblwth(2, ValueH);
}
else
{
__builtin_tblwtl(0, ValueL);
__builtin_tblwth(0, ValueH);
__builtin_tblwtl(2, 0xFFFF);
__builtin_tblwth(2, 0x00FF);
}
I want to know why I'm seeing this behavior?
2)I also want to write a full row.
That also doesn't seem to work for me and I don't know why because I'm doing what is in the DOC.
I tried a simple write row code and at the end I just read back the first 3 or 4 element that I wrote to see if it works:
NVMCON = 0x4002; //set for row programming
TBLPAG = 0x00FA; //set address for the write latches
NVMADRU = 0x007F; //upper address of the aux memory
NVMADR = 0xE7FA;
int latchoffset;
latchoffset = 0;
__builtin_tblwtl(latchoffset, 0);
__builtin_tblwth(latchoffset, 0); //current = 0, available = 1
latchoffset+=2;
__builtin_tblwtl(latchoffset, 1);
__builtin_tblwth(latchoffset, 1); //current = 0, available = 1
latchoffset+=2;
.
. all the way to 127(I know I could have done it in a loop)
.
__builtin_tblwtl(latchoffset, 127);
__builtin_tblwth(latchoffset, 127);
INTCON2bits.GIE = 0; //stop interrupt
__builtin_write_NVM();
while(NVMCONbits.WR == 1);
INTCON2bits.GIE = 1; //start interrupt
int testaddress;
testaddress = 0xE7FA;
status = NVMemReadIntH(testaddress);
status = NVMemReadIntL(testaddress);
testaddress += 2;
status = NVMemReadIntH(testaddress);
status = NVMemReadIntL(testaddress);
testaddress += 2;
status = NVMemReadIntH(testaddress);
status = NVMemReadIntL(testaddress);
testaddress += 2;
status = NVMemReadIntH(testaddress);
status = NVMemReadIntL(testaddress);
What I see is that the value that is stored in the address 0xE7FA is 125, in 0xE7FC is 126 and in 0xE7FE is 127. And the rest are all 0xFFFF.
Why is it taking only the last 3 latches and write them in the first 3 address?
Thanks in advance for your help people.
The dsPIC33 program memory space is treated as 24 bits wide, it is
more appropriate to think of each address of the program memory as a
lower and upper word, with the upper byte of the upper word being
unimplemented
(dsPIC33EPXXX datasheet)
There is a phantom byte every two program words.
Your code
if(Address % 4)
{
__builtin_tblwtl(0, 0xFFFF);
__builtin_tblwth(0, 0x00FF);
__builtin_tblwtl(2, ValueL);
__builtin_tblwth(2, ValueH);
}
else
{
__builtin_tblwtl(0, ValueL);
__builtin_tblwth(0, ValueH);
__builtin_tblwtl(2, 0xFFFF);
__builtin_tblwth(2, 0x00FF);
}
...will be fine for writing a bootloader if generating values from a valid Intel HEX file, but doesn't make it simple for storing data structures because the phantom byte is not taken into account.
If you create a uint32_t variable and look at the compiled HEX file, you'll notice that it in fact uses up the least significant words of two 24-bit program words. I.e. the 32-bit value is placed into a 64-bit range but only 48-bits out of the 64-bits are programmable, the others are phantom bytes (or zeros). Leaving three bytes per address modulo of 4 that are actually programmable.
What I tend to do if writing data is to keep everything 32-bit aligned and do the same as the compiler does.
Writing:
UINT32 value = ....;
:
__builtin_tblwtl(0, value.word.word_L); // least significant word of 32-bit value placed here
__builtin_tblwth(0, 0x00); // phantom byte + unused byte
__builtin_tblwtl(2, value.word.word_H); // most significant word of 32-bit value placed here
__builtin_tblwth(2, 0x00); // phantom byte + unused byte
Reading:
UINT32 *value
:
value->word.word_L = __builtin_tblrdl(offset);
value->word.word_H = __builtin_tblrdl(offset+2);
UINT32 structure:
typedef union _UINT32 {
uint32_t val32;
struct {
uint16_t word_L;
uint16_t word_H;
} word;
uint8_t bytes[4];
} UINT32;
Unfortunately I am not able to post the code I am debugging as it is not mine and I am bound not to show it... BUT I will describe it as detailed as possible.
There are 4 strategies base on 4 indicators, custom, and not-custom ones. So basically instead of 4 different EAs running in 4 different charts with the same 4 indicators each... The client asked me to optimise them by putting them all in one to run 4 into 1 EAs in the same chart.
EVERYTHING is the same. They are tested as well that they are the same. They open the same trades, on the same moments. Nothing is changed 100%. The only thing I did (for this part of the debugging, because obviously I had a lot more to do before that) is to copy functions and code. And I seperated all different strategies with an "if" as input
input bool strategy1enabled = true; etc... so he/she can disable/enable individual strategies if wanted.
everything works BUT....
All but 1 strategies, does not show the Comment on the trades.
All 4 use the same Buy/Sell/CloseOrder functions so I just input the values to keep the code shorter.
//---
bool OrdClose (int ticket_number, double lt, int slp)
{
return OrderClose(ticket_number,lt,iClose(NULL,0,0),slp,clrViolet);
}
//---
int Buy(double lt, int slp, int slss, int tpft, string cmt, int mgc)
{
return OrderSend(NULL,OP_BUY,lt,Ask,slp,Ask-slss*Point,Ask+tpft*Point,cmt,mgc,0,clrDarkBlue);
}
//---
int Sell(double lt, int slp, int slss, int tpft, string cmt, int mgc)
{
return OrderSend(NULL,OP_SELL,lt,Bid,slp,Bid+slss*Point,Bid-tpft*Point,cmt,mgc,0,clrDarkRed);
}
1 strategy just refuses to put comment. Any ideas why? When used seperated WITH THE SAME CODE and the EXACT SAME functions... comment shows...
EDIT:
2021.05.04 18:30:48.670 The_Big_Holla_v1_8_EA CADJPY,H1: open #85710545 buy 0.06 CADJPY at 88.755 sl: 88.655 tp: 88.955 ok
2021.05.04 18:30:48.462 The_Big_Holla_v1_8_EA CADJPY,H1: Holla v4.9 || GreedInjectionMode
2021.05.04 18:30:48.462 The_Big_Holla_v1_8_EA CADJPY,H1: Holla v4.9 || GreedInjectionMode
Comment is passed properly and checked before being passed to function and before OrderSend within function:
The function:
int Sell(double lt, int slp, int slss, int tpft, string cmt, int mgc)
{
Print(cmt);
return OrderSend(NULL,OP_SELL,lt,Bid,slp,Bid+slss*Point,Bidtpft*Point,cmt,mgc,0,clrDarkRed);
}
How the function is called:
Print(EACommentInj);
ticket_val_inj = Buy(lotsizeInj,slippageInj,stoplossInj,takeprofitInj,EACommentInj,MagicInj);
This is how it is initialised and it NEVER changes. It is mentioned only where it is passed. Where I showed you above.
const string EACommentInjGreed = "Holla v4.9 || GreedInjectionMode Greed Mode";
Although this is undocumented, the "string comment=NULL" parameter of the trade function OrderSend() in MQL4 is limited to 31 characters. If this limit is exceeded then the string is rejected as a whole and treated as NULL.
In your code, just before the OrderSend() function, add the following line:
cmt=StringSubstr(cmt,0,31);
When yo generate a barcode with Barcode4j as an image, you could obtain the human readable text, too, for instance:
EAN13 barcode example
In this picture we can see that the human readable text is: 1000000012026
In this example the barcode has been generated with the code 100000001202 and the number 6 is the check digit added by Barcode4j generator.
So, my question is: Is possible obtain the check digit of an EAN13 generated barcode with Barcode4j? Because I know how to render this as a image, but I don't know how to obtain the human readable text, as a plain text.
Regards,
Miguel.
Thanks to Barcode4j plugin, you can calculate the checksum with the barcode format you need. In Java 7, you can calculate the checkSum as this way:
private String calculateCodeWithcheckSum(String codigo){
EAN13Bean generator = new EAN13Bean();
UPCEANLogicImpl impl = generator.createLogicImpl();
codigo += impl.calcChecksum(codigo);
return codigo;
}
First, you need the EAN13 barcode format, so you can get the class that the plugin provides you, and call its only method: createLogicImpl().
This method is used to give you a class of type UPCEANLogicImpl.
This is the class you need, because you can find in it the method to calculate the checkSum. So, you only have to call the method calcChecksum giving your code (100000001202), and will give you the checkSum value (6).
You can check it in the next web: http://www.gs1.org/check-digit-calculator
Adding your code and the checkSum value will give you the value you need (1000000012026)
In case you what to compute the check digit without importing a java library here's the code:
public static String ean13CheckDigit(String barcode) {
int s = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 12; i++) {
int c = Character.getNumericValue(barcode.charAt(i));
s += c * ( i%2 == 0? 1: 3);
}
s = (10 - s % 10) % 10;
barcode += s;
return barcode;
}
I know how we use memset to set the contents of an array to a particular value. Now, I am interested in something that does the same for a given range.
scanf("%d %d",&a,&b);
//set the content from A[a] to A[b] as '0' without looping
I don't want to go through for loop. Please tell if there is some other and efficient method to achieve this.
Assigning values with memset works only with 2 values : 0 and -1,
Rest will only give garbage values
Still, Let me help you to use memset for a range.
I'm using an example to explain your query below:
#include <iostream>
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int a[10]; // Array of 10 elements with val of 0;
memset(a,0,sizeof(a));
// Sets all array elements to 0
memset(a+2,-1,sizeof(int)*5);
// Sets value of array elements from 2 to 6 index equals to -1
for(int i=0;i<10;i++)
cout<<a[i]<<" ";
cout<<endl;
return 0;
}
Output: 0 0 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 0 0 0
* I've checked the code on various IDE's before posting. Hope it helps a bit!
I'm currently building a prime number finder, and am having a memory problem:
This may be due to a corruption of the heap, which indicates a bug in PrimeNumbers.exe or any of the DLLs it has loaded.
PS. Please don't say to me if this isn't the way to find prime numbers, I want to figure it out myself!
Code:
// PrimeNumbers.cpp : main project file.
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <vector>
using namespace System;
using namespace std;
int main(array<System::String ^> ^args)
{
Console::WriteLine(L"Until what number do you want to stop?");
signed const int numtstop = Convert::ToInt16(Console::ReadLine());
bool * isvalid = new bool[numtstop];
int allattempts = numtstop*numtstop; // Find all the possible combinations of numbers
for (int currentnumb = 0; currentnumb <= allattempts; currentnumb++) // For each number try to find a combination
{
for (int i = 0; i <= numtstop; i++)
{
for (int tnumb = 0; tnumb <= numtstop; tnumb++)
{
if (i*tnumb == currentnumb)
{
isvalid[currentnumb] = false;
Console::WriteLine("Error");
}
}
}
}
Console::WriteLine(L"\nAll prime number in the range of:" + Convert::ToString(numtstop));
for (int pnts = 0; pnts <= numtstop; pnts++)
{
if (isvalid[pnts] != false)
{
Console::WriteLine(pnts);
}
}
return 0;
}
I don't see the memory problem.
Please help.
You are allocating numtstop booleans, but you index that array using a variable that ranges from zero to numtstop*numtstop. This will be severely out of bounds for all numstop values greater than 1.
You should either allocate more booleans (numtstop*numtstop) or use a different variable to index into isvalid (for example, i, which ranges from 0 to numstop). I am sorry, I cannot be more precise than that because of your request not to comment on your algorithm of finding primes.
P.S. If you would like to read something on the topic of finding small primes, here is a link to a great book by Dijkstra. He teaches you how to construct a program for the first 1000 primes on pages 35..49.
Problem is that you use native C++ in managed C++/CLI code. And use new without delete of course.
`currentnumb` :
is bigger than the size of the array, which is just numtstop. You are probably going out of bound, this might be your issue.
You never delete[] your isvalid local, this is a memory leak.