I'm trying to update task details:
var t = await graphClient.Planner.Tasks[task.Id].Details.Request().GetAsync();
var ETag = t.GetETag();
However GetETag() returns null.
The ETag is part of the AdditionalData dictionary, so I can extract it writing my own method.
For example:
var e = etag = (taskDetails.AdditionalData["#odata.etag"] as JsonElement?)?.GetString();
But why does the built-in method not work? My code is almost exactly the same as Microsoft's test code.
Thanks.
Please debug and check GetEtag() method that is exposed here. Also validate the entity passed onto this method is not null.
namespace Microsoft.Graph
{
using System;
/// <summary>
/// Helper class to extract #odata.etag property and to specify If-Match headers for requests.
/// </summary>
public static class EtagHelper
{
/// <summary>
/// Name of the OData etag property.
/// </summary>
public const string ODataEtagPropertyName = "#odata.etag";
/// <summary>
/// Returns the etag of an entity.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="entity">The entity that contains an etag.</param>
/// <returns>Etag value if present, null otherwise.</returns>
public static string GetEtag(this Entity entity)
{
if (entity == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(entity));
}
entity.AdditionalData.TryGetValue(ODataEtagPropertyName, out object etag);
return etag as string;
}
}
}
I've got have the following controller:
[Route("xapi/statements")] << -- NOTICE THE ROUTE
[Produces("application/json")]
public class StatementsController : ApiControllerBase
With he following actions
/// <summary>
/// Stores a single Statement with the given id.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="statementId"></param>
/// <param name="statement"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[AcceptVerbs("PUT", "POST", Order = 1)]
public async Task<IActionResult> PutStatement([FromQuery]Guid statementId, [ModelBinder(typeof(StatementPutModelBinder))]Statement statement)
{
await _mediator.Send(PutStatementCommand.Create(statementId, statement));
return NoContent();
}
/// <summary>
/// Create statement(s) with attachment(s)
/// </summary>
/// <param name="model"></param>
/// <returns>Array of Statement id(s) (UUID) in the same order as the corresponding stored Statements.</returns>
[HttpPost(Order = 2)]
[Produces("application/json")]
public async Task<ActionResult<ICollection<Guid>>> PostStatements(StatementsPostModelBinder model)
{
ICollection<Guid> guids = await _mediator.Send(CreateStatementsCommand.Create(model.Statements));
return Ok(guids);
}
The actions are executed in the following order:
1. PutStatement
2. PostStatements
But PutStatement should only be triggered if the statementId parameter is provided. This is not the case.
I'm using 2 model binders to parse the content of the streams as either application/json or multipart/form-data if the statements have any attachments.
1. StatementPutModelBinder
2. StatementsPostModelBinder
How do i prevent the action from being excuted if the statementId parameter is not provided?
Eg. /xapi/statements/ => Hits PutStatement
I did not find a answer for my own question, but i made a mistake and was under the impression that the xAPI statements resource should allow statementId as a parameter for POST requests. Therefore i do not have the issue any more, which started my question.
I'm trying develop a custom control for a WinRT/Metro application.
It has a dependency property and I would like to be able to set its value within the custom control. However, using SetValue breaks any bindings that consumers of the control may have created.
None of the solutions I've found (e.g. SetCurrentValue) seem to apply to WinRT/Metro. Is there a solution to this?
It sounds like a simple thing to do and - honestly! - I've tried to find a solution here and elsewhere. Any help would be greatly appreciated.
You can set the default value in PropertyMetadata (Dr. WPF's snippets to the rescue!).
#region IsAvailable
private static bool DefaultIsAvailable = false;
/// <summary>
/// IsAvailable Dependency Property
/// </summary>
public static readonly DependencyProperty IsAvailableProperty =
DependencyProperty.Register(
"IsAvailable",
typeof(bool),
typeof(CustomControl1),
new PropertyMetadata(DefaultIsAvailable, OnIsAvailableChanged));
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets the IsAvailable property. This dependency property
/// indicates ....
/// </summary>
public bool IsAvailable
{
get { return (bool)GetValue(IsAvailableProperty); }
set { SetValue(IsAvailableProperty, value); }
}
/// <summary>
/// Handles changes to the IsAvailable property.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="d">
/// The <see cref="DependencyObject"/> on which
/// the property has changed value.
/// </param>
/// <param name="e">
/// Event data that is issued by any event that
/// tracks changes to the effective value of this property.
/// </param>
private static void OnIsAvailableChanged(
DependencyObject d, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)
{
var target = (CustomControl1)d;
bool oldIsAvailable = (bool)e.OldValue;
bool newIsAvailable = target.IsAvailable;
target.OnIsAvailableChanged(oldIsAvailable, newIsAvailable);
}
/// <summary>
/// Provides derived classes an opportunity to handle changes
/// to the IsAvailable property.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="oldIsAvailable">The old IsAvailable value</param>
/// <param name="newIsAvailable">The new IsAvailable value</param>
protected virtual void OnIsAvailableChanged(
bool oldIsAvailable, bool newIsAvailable)
{
}
#endregion
EDIT*
If you want to change the value - you can, but if you use a basic binding that is OneWay - i.e. - it takes the value from a binding source and sets it to the dependency property - the binding will stop working because source and target values won't be synchronized any more.
If you set Mode="TwoWay" - the binding source will be updated when the binding target (your control) modifies the dependency property, so the binding will remain valid and will continue working both ways.
I've got a Silverlight 5 app that is calling an OData service (the OOTB one incuded with SharePoint 2010) to pull data back form a list. The site is secured using Windows Authentication. When I run my test I get prompted to login but the results always say there are zero results returned in the result set.
Now here's what's strange. I know there's data in the list (and when I manually plug in the OData request URL, I see results come back in the browser). When I watch Fiddler while running the test, I see a few requests for clientaccesspolicy.xml (all result in a 401 response)... then I login & it successfully obtains the clientaccesspolicy.xml file. However, even though the app says it ran the query and got zero results back, I don't see the actual OData service request in Fiddler (nothing after the successful call to clientaccesspolicy.xml.
Here's what the code looks like:
private DataServiceCollection<InstructorsItem> _dataCollection = new DataServiceCollection<InstructorsItem>();
private Action<IEnumerable<Instructor>> _callbackWithData;
/// <summary>
/// Retrieves a list of instructors from the data service.
/// </summary>
public void GetInstructors(Action<IEnumerable<Instructor>> callback) {
// save callbacks
ResetCallbacks();
_callbackWithData = callback;
// get the instructors
var query = from instructor in IntranetContext.Instructors
select instructor;
// execute query
RunQuery(query);
}
/// <summary>
/// Retrieves instructors from the data source based on the specified query.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="query">Query to execute</param>
private void RunQuery(IQueryable<InstructorsItem> query) {
// clear the collection & register the load completed method
_dataCollection.Clear();
_dataCollection.LoadCompleted += OnLoadDataCompleted;
// fire the load
_dataCollection.LoadAsync(query.Take(5));
}
/// <summary>
/// Handler when the data has been loaded from the service.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
void OnLoadDataCompleted(object sender, LoadCompletedEventArgs e) {
// remove the event handler preventing double loads
_dataCollection.LoadCompleted -= OnLoadDataCompleted;
// convert the data to a generic list of objects
var results = _dataCollection.ToList<InstructorsItem>();
// TODO: convert results to local objects
List<Instructor> convertedResults = new List<Instructor>();
foreach (var item in results) {
convertedResults.Add(new Instructor() {
SharePointId = item.Id,
Name = item.Title
});
}
// run the callback
_callbackWithData(convertedResults);
}
And here's what the test runner looks like that's triggering it:
[TestMethod]
[Asynchronous]
[Description("Test loading instructors from the OData Intranet service.")]
public void TestGetInstructors() {
bool asyncCallCompleted = false;
List<Instructor> result = null;
// call data service
_dataService.GetInstructors(asyncResult => {
asyncCallCompleted = true;
result = new List<Instructor>(asyncResult);
});
// run test when call completed
EnqueueConditional(() => asyncCallCompleted);
EnqueueCallback(
() => Assert.IsTrue(result.Count > 0, "Didn't retrieve any instructors."));
EnqueueTestComplete();
}
Can't for the life of me figure out (1) why i'm not seeing the query showing up in Fiddler when it is saying there are no errors, in fact it says there are zero errors when running the test.
If you are running the server and client on the same machine, there is no external HTTP traffic so there is nothing for Fiddler to pick up.
We're experimenting with various ways to throttle user actions in a given time period:
Limit question/answer posts
Limit edits
Limit feed retrievals
For the time being, we're using the Cache to simply insert a record of user activity - if that record exists if/when the user does the same activity, we throttle.
Using the Cache automatically gives us stale data cleaning and sliding activity windows of users, but how it will scale could be a problem.
What are some other ways of ensuring that requests/user actions can be effectively throttled (emphasis on stability)?
Here's a generic version of what we've been using on Stack Overflow for the past year:
/// <summary>
/// Decorates any MVC route that needs to have client requests limited by time.
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Uses the current System.Web.Caching.Cache to store each client request to the decorated route.
/// </remarks>
[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Method, AllowMultiple = false)]
public class ThrottleAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute
{
/// <summary>
/// A unique name for this Throttle.
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// We'll be inserting a Cache record based on this name and client IP, e.g. "Name-192.168.0.1"
/// </remarks>
public string Name { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// The number of seconds clients must wait before executing this decorated route again.
/// </summary>
public int Seconds { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// A text message that will be sent to the client upon throttling. You can include the token {n} to
/// show this.Seconds in the message, e.g. "Wait {n} seconds before trying again".
/// </summary>
public string Message { get; set; }
public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext c)
{
var key = string.Concat(Name, "-", c.HttpContext.Request.UserHostAddress);
var allowExecute = false;
if (HttpRuntime.Cache[key] == null)
{
HttpRuntime.Cache.Add(key,
true, // is this the smallest data we can have?
null, // no dependencies
DateTime.Now.AddSeconds(Seconds), // absolute expiration
Cache.NoSlidingExpiration,
CacheItemPriority.Low,
null); // no callback
allowExecute = true;
}
if (!allowExecute)
{
if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(Message))
Message = "You may only perform this action every {n} seconds.";
c.Result = new ContentResult { Content = Message.Replace("{n}", Seconds.ToString()) };
// see 409 - http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html
c.HttpContext.Response.StatusCode = (int)HttpStatusCode.Conflict;
}
}
}
Sample usage:
[Throttle(Name="TestThrottle", Message = "You must wait {n} seconds before accessing this url again.", Seconds = 5)]
public ActionResult TestThrottle()
{
return Content("TestThrottle executed");
}
The ASP.NET Cache works like a champ here - by using it, you get automatic clean-up of your throttle entries. And with our growing traffic, we're not seeing that this is an issue on the server.
Feel free to give feedback on this method; when we make Stack Overflow better, you get your Ewok fix even faster :)
Microsoft has a new extension for IIS 7 called Dynamic IP Restrictions Extension for IIS 7.0 - Beta.
"The Dynamic IP Restrictions for IIS 7.0 is a module that provides protection against denial of service and brute force attacks on web server and web sites. Such protection is provided by temporarily blocking IP addresses of the HTTP clients who make unusually high number of concurrent requests or who make large number of requests over small period of time."
http://learn.iis.net/page.aspx/548/using-dynamic-ip-restrictions/
Example:
If you set the criteria to block after X requests in Y milliseconds or X concurrent connections in Y milliseconds the IP address will be blocked for Y milliseconds then requests will be permitted again.
We use the technique borrowed from this URL http://www.codeproject.com/KB/aspnet/10ASPNetPerformance.aspx, not for throttling, but for a poor man's Denial Of Service (D.O.S). This is also cache-based, and may be similar to what you are doing. Are you throttling to prevent D.O.S. attacks? Routers can certainly be used to reduce D.O.S; do you think a router could handle the throttling you need?
It took me some time to work out an equivalent for .NET 5+ (formerly .NET Core), so here's a starting point.
The old way of caching has gone and been replaced by Microsoft.Extensions.Caching.Memory with IMemoryCache.
I separated it out a bit more, so here's what you need...
The Cache Management Class
I've added the whole thing here, so you can see the using statements.
using Microsoft.Extensions.Caching.Memory;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Primitives;
using System;
using System.Threading;
namespace MyWebApplication
{
public interface IThrottleCache
{
bool AddToCache(string key, int expriryTimeInSeconds);
bool AddToCache<T>(string key, T value, int expriryTimeInSeconds);
T GetFromCache<T>(string key);
bool IsInCache(string key);
}
/// <summary>
/// A caching class, based on the docs
/// https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/core/performance/caching/memory?view=aspnetcore-6.0
/// Uses the recommended library "Microsoft.Extensions.Caching.Memory"
/// </summary>
public class ThrottleCache : IThrottleCache
{
private IMemoryCache _memoryCache;
public ThrottleCache(IMemoryCache memoryCache)
{
_memoryCache = memoryCache;
}
public bool AddToCache(string key, int expriryTimeInSeconds)
{
bool isSuccess = false; // Only a success if a new value gets added.
if (!IsInCache(key))
{
var cancellationTokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource(
TimeSpan.FromSeconds(expriryTimeInSeconds));
var cacheEntryOptions = new MemoryCacheEntryOptions()
.SetSize(1)
.AddExpirationToken(
new CancellationChangeToken(cancellationTokenSource.Token));
_memoryCache.Set(key, DateTime.Now, cacheEntryOptions);
isSuccess = true;
}
return isSuccess;
}
public bool AddToCache<T>(string key, T value, int expriryTimeInSeconds)
{
bool isSuccess = false;
if (!IsInCache(key))
{
var cancellationTokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource(
TimeSpan.FromSeconds(expriryTimeInSeconds));
var cacheEntryOptions = new MemoryCacheEntryOptions()
.SetAbsoluteExpiration(DateTimeOffset.Now.AddSeconds(expriryTimeInSeconds))
.SetSize(1)
.AddExpirationToken(
new CancellationChangeToken(cancellationTokenSource.Token));
_memoryCache.Set<T>(key, value, cacheEntryOptions);
isSuccess = true;
}
return isSuccess;
}
public T GetFromCache<T>(string key)
{
return _memoryCache.Get<T>(key);
}
public bool IsInCache(string key)
{
var item = _memoryCache.Get(key);
return item != null;
}
}
}
The attribute itself
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Filters;
using System;
using System.Net;
namespace MyWebApplication
{
/// <summary>
/// Decorates any MVC route that needs to have client requests limited by time.
/// Based on how they throttle at stack overflow (updated for .NET5+)
/// https://stackoverflow.com/questions/33969/best-way-to-implement-request-throttling-in-asp-net-mvc/1318059#1318059
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Uses the current System.Web.Caching.Cache to store each client request to the decorated route.
/// </remarks>
[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Method, AllowMultiple = false)]
public class ThrottleByIPAddressAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute
{
/// <summary>
/// The caching class (which will be instantiated as a singleton)
/// </summary>
private IThrottleCache _throttleCache;
/// <summary>
/// A unique name for this Throttle.
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// We'll be inserting a Cache record based on this name and client IP, e.g. "Name-192.168.0.1"
/// </remarks>
public string Name { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// The number of seconds clients must wait before executing this decorated route again.
/// </summary>
public int Seconds { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// A text message that will be sent to the client upon throttling. You can include the token {n} to
/// show this.Seconds in the message, e.g. "Wait {n} seconds before trying again".
/// </summary>
public string Message { get; set; } = "You may only perform this action every {n} seconds.";
public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext c)
{
if(_throttleCache == null)
{
var cache = c.HttpContext.RequestServices.GetService(typeof(IThrottleCache));
_throttleCache = (IThrottleCache)cache;
}
var key = string.Concat(Name, "-", c.HttpContext.Request.HttpContext.Connection.RemoteIpAddress);
var allowExecute = _throttleCache.AddToCache(key, Seconds);
if (!allowExecute)
{
if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(Message))
Message = "You may only perform this action every {n} seconds.";
c.Result = new ContentResult { Content = Message.Replace("{n}", Seconds.ToString()) };
// see 409 - http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html
c.HttpContext.Response.StatusCode = (int)HttpStatusCode.Conflict;
}
}
}
}
Startup.cs or Program.cs - Register the services with DI
This example uses Startup.cs/ConfigureServices - Put the code somewhere after AddControllersWithViews).
For a project created in .NET6+ I think you'd add the equivalent between builder.Services.AddRazorPages(); and var app = builder.Build(); in program.cs. services would be builder.Services.
If you don't get the placement of this code right, the cache will be empty every time you check it.
// The cache for throttling must be a singleton and requires IMemoryCache to be set up.
// Place it after AddControllersWithViews or AddRazorPages as they build a cache themselves
// Need this for IThrottleCache to work.
services.AddMemoryCache(_ => new MemoryCacheOptions
{
SizeLimit = 1024, /* TODO: CHECK THIS IS THIS THE RIGHT SIZE FOR YOU! */
CompactionPercentage = .3,
ExpirationScanFrequency = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30),
});
services.AddSingleton<IThrottleCache, ThrottleCache>();
Example Usage
[HttpGet, Route("GetTest")]
[ThrottleByIPAddress(Name = "MyControllerGetTest", Seconds = 5)]
public async Task<ActionResult<string>> GetTest()
{
return "Hello world";
}
To help understand caching in .NET 5+, I've also made a caching console demo.
Since the highly voted answers to this question are too old, I am sharing the latest solution which worked for me.
I tried using the Dynamic IP restrictions as given in an answer on this page but when I tried to use that extension, I found that this extension has been discontinued by Microsoft and on the download page they have clearly written the below message.
Microsoft has discontinued the Dynamic IP Restrictions extension and this download is no longer available.
So I researched further and found that the Dynamic IP Restrictions is now by default included in IIS 8.0 and above. The below information is fetched from the Microsoft Dynamic IP Restrictions page.
In IIS 8.0, Microsoft has expanded the built-in functionality to include several new features:
Dynamic IP address filtering, which allows administrators to
configure their server to block access for IP addresses that exceed
the specified number of requests.
The IP address filtering features now allow administrators to specify
the behavior when IIS blocks an IP address, so requests from
malicious clients can be aborted by the server instead of returning
HTTP 403.6 responses to the client.
IP filtering now feature a proxy mode, which allows IP addresses to
be blocked not only by the client IP that is seen by IIS but also by
the values that are received in the x-forwarded-for HTTP header
For step by step instructions to implement Dynamic IP Restrictions, please visit the below link:
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/iis/get-started/whats-new-in-iis-8/iis-80-dynamic-ip-address-restrictions
I hope it helps someone stuck in a similar problem.
Created ThrottlingTroll - my take on throttling/rate limiting in ASP.NET Core.
It is similar to Stefan Prodan's AspNetCoreRateLimit and ASP.NET 7's Rate Limiting Middleware, but has advantages:
Both ingress and egress throttling (egress means that your specially configured HttpClient won't make more than N requests per second and will instead produce 429 status code by itself).
Distributed rate counter stores (including, but not limited to Redis).
Dynamic (re)configuration - allows to adjust limits without restarting the service.
Propagating 429 statuses from egress to ingress.
Check out more in the repo.