How do i do something like this in entity framework with out an overhead.
select
p.id,
total = sum(b.beløb)
from
projekt p
inner join budget b on ,,,
Column total doesn't exists on table. I added it to data model, so i can handle the value when present in resultset.
Don't add unnecessary fields to your data model. Use DTO's or ViewModels instead.
Example of how to perform those queries in LINQ:
var result = (from a in dbContext.Table
where a.ID == id
select new
{
id = a.id,
total = a.Budget.Sum(q => q.beløb)
}).FirstOrDefault();
Related
I have two tables users and posts and they have association of has_many. I want to fetch details of both users and posts in a single query. I'm able to manage the sql query but I don't want to use the raw query in the code (using execute method) as i think it is kind of simple thing and can be written using active record.
Here is the sql query
SELECT a.id, a.name, a.timestamp, b.id, b.user_id, b.title
FROM users a
INNER JOIN (SELECT id, user_id, title, from, to FROM posts) b on b.user_id = a.id
where id IN ( 1, 2, 3);
I think includes does not help here because i'm dealing with large data.
Can any one help me ?
If you just want those specific columns and nothing else then this will work
User.joins(:post)
.where(id: [1,2,3])
.select("users.id, users.name, users.timestamp,
posts.id as post_id, posts.user_id as post_user_id,
posts.title as post_title")
This will return an ActiveRecord::Relation of User objects with virtual attributes for post_id, post_user_id (Not sure why you need this one since you already selected users.id), and post_title.
The query produced will be
SELECT users.id,
users.name,
users.timestamp,
posts.id as post_id,
posts.user_id as post_user_id,
posts.title as post_title
FROM users
INNER JOIN posts on posts.user_id = users.id
where users.id IN ( 1, 2, 3);
Please note you may have multiple User objects, one for each Post, just as the SQL query does.
You can execute your exact query using the string version of joins e.g.
User.joins("INNER JOIN (SELECT id, user_id, title, from, to FROM posts) b on b.user_id = users.id")
.where(id: [1,2,3])
.select("users.id, users.name, users.timestamp,
b.id as post_id, b.user_id as post_user_id,
b.title as post_title")
Additionally to avoid some of the overhead you can use arel instead e.g.
users_table = User.arel_table
posts_table = Post.arel_table
query = users_table.project(Arel.star)
.join(posts_table)
.on(posts_table[:user_id].eq(users_table[:id]))
.where(users_table[:id].in([1,2,3]))
ActiveRecord::Base.connection.exec_query(query.to_sql)
This will return an ActiveRecord::Result with 2 useful methods columns (the columns selected) and rows. You can convert this to a Hash(#to_hash) but note that any columns with duplicate names (id for instance) will overwrite one another.
You could fix this by specifying the colums you want selected in the project portion. e.g. your current query would be:
query = users_table.project(
users_table[:id],
users_table[:name],
users_table[:timestamp],
posts_table[:id].as('post_id'),
posts_table[:user_id].as('post_user_id'),
posts_table[:title].as('post_title')
).join(posts_table)
.on(posts_table[:user_id].eq(users_table[:id]))
.where(users_table[:id].in([1,2,3]))
ActiveRecord::Base.connection.exec_query(query.to_sql).to_hash
Since none of the names collide now it can be structured into a nice Hash where the keys are the column names and the values or the row value for that record.
users = User.joins(:posts).includes(:posts).where(id: [1, 2, 3])
Will give you all the users with theirs posts.
then you can do whatever you want with them, but to access posts data for first retrieved user
first_user_posts = users.first.posts # this will not make additional DB queries as you used includes and data is already added
We use joins to have INNER JOIN statement in the SQL
We use includes to load all posts in the memory
I have two tables users and posts and they have association of
has_many. I want to fetch details of both users and posts in a single
query.
can be done with includes like
users = User.includes(:posts).where({posts: {user_id: [1,2,3]}})
other is eager_load and preload you can use as per your requirements, for more https://blog.arkency.com/2013/12/rails4-preloading/
I've got two tables:
item
recipe
In this example I've got an item object item with the id 1.
The item table has one column named recipe_id. For this object it has the value 2.
recipe has a column named title.
How can I get for example the title from the recipe of which the id is linked in item, if I have the item?
Something like...?
= item.recipe_id.title
Thanks in advance for any help!
you'd use your own SQL to find records in a tableusing find_by_sql. The find_by_sql method will return an array of objects even if the underlying query returns just a single record. For example you could run this query:
for example
Recipe.joins("INNER JOIN item ON <your_conditions_to_get_recipe_related_to_item>")
or
Recipe.find_by_sql("SELECT * FROM recipe
INNER JOIN item ON <your_conditions_to_get_recipe_related_to_item>")
acording to your case
for example
Recipe.joins("INNER JOIN item ON item.recipe_id = recipe.id and item.id = 1 and recipe.id = 2")
with params
Recipe.joins("INNER JOIN item ON item.recipe_id = recipe.id").where("item.id = ? and recipe.id = ?", item_id, recipe_id)
these are some ways to access to the database and retrieve a model or models instances without associations ways.
This is a hard problem to describe but I have Rails query where I join another table and I want to exclude any results where the join table contain one of three conditions.
I have a Device model that relates to a CarUserRole model/record. In that CarUserRole record it will contain one of three :role - "owner", "monitor", "driver". I want to return any results where there is no related CarUserRole record where role: "owner". How would I do that?
This was my first attempt -
Device.joins(:car_user_roles).where('car_user_roles.role = ? OR car_user_roles.role = ? AND car_user_roles.role != ?', 'monitor', 'driver', 'owner')
Here is the sql -
"SELECT \"cars\".* FROM \"cars\" INNER JOIN \"car_user_roles\" ON \"car_user_roles\".\"car_id\" = \"cars\".\"id\" WHERE (car_user_roles.role = 'monitor' OR car_user_roles.role = 'driver' AND car_user_roles.role != 'owner')"
Update
I should mention that a device sometimes has multiple CarUserRole records. A device can have an "owner" and a "driver" CarUserRole. I should also note that they can only have one owner.
Anwser
I ended up going with #Reub's solution via our chat -
where(CarUserRole.where("car_user_roles.car_id = cars.id").where(role: 'owner').exists.not)
Since the car_user_roles table can have multiple records with the same car_id, an inner join can result in the join table having multiple rows for each row in the cars table. So, for a car that has 3 records in the car_user_roles table (monitor, owner and driver), there will be 3 records in the join table (each record having a different role). Your query will filter out the row where the role is owner, but it will match the other two, resulting in that car being returned as a result of your query even though it has a record with role as 'owner'.
Lets first try to form an sql query for the result that you want. We can then convert this into a Rails query.
SELECT * FROM cars WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT id FROM car_user_roles WHERE role='owner' AND car_id = cars.id);
The above is sufficient if you want devices which do not have any car_user_role with role as 'owner'. But this can also give you devices which have no corresponding record in car_user_roles. If you want to ensure that the device has at least one record in car_user_roles, you can add the following to the above query.
AND EXISTS (SELECT id FROM car_user_roles WHERE role IN ('monitor', 'driver') AND car_id = cars.id);
Now, we need to convert this into a Rails query.
Device.where(
CarUserRole.where("car_user_roles.car_id = cars.id").where(role: 'owner').exists.not
).where(
CarUserRole.where("car_user_roles.car_id = cars.id").where(role: ['monitor', 'driver']).exists
).all
You could also try the following if your Rails version supports exists?:
Device.joins(:car_user_roles).exists?(role: ['monitor', 'driver']).exists?(role: 'owner').not.select('cars.*').distinct
Select the distinct cars
SELECT DISTINCT (cars.*) FROM cars
Use a LEFT JOIN to pull in the car_user_roles
LEFT JOIN car_user_roles ON cars.id = car_user_roles.car_id
Select only the cars that DO NOT contain an 'owner' car_user_role
WHERE NOT EXISTS(SELECT NULL FROM car_user_roles WHERE cars.id = car_user_roles.car_id AND car_user_roles.role = 'owner')
Select only the cars that DO contain either a 'driver' or 'monitor' car_user_role
AND (car_user_roles.role IN ('driver','monitor'))
Put it all together:
SELECT DISTINCT (cars.*) FROM cars LEFT JOIN car_user_roles ON cars.id = car_user_roles.car_id WHERE NOT EXISTS(SELECT NULL FROM car_user_roles WHERE cars.id = car_user_roles.car_id AND car_user_roles.role = 'owner') AND (car_user_roles.role IN ('driver','monitor'));
Edit:
Execute the query directly from Rails and return only the found object IDs
ActiveRecord::Base.connection.execute(sql).collect { |x| x['id'] }
I have two tables that look like this:
Products: id category name description active
Sales_sheets: id product_id link
product_id is a foreign key from the products id table
I wrote a prepared statement JOIN like this which works:
SELECT p.name, p.description, s.link FROM products AS p
INNER JOIN sales_sheets AS s ON p.id = s.product_id WHERE active=1 AND category=?
Basically a product can have a link to a PDF, but not every product will have a sales sheet. So if i try to bring up a product which doesn't have a sales sheet attached to it then it always returns no rows.
So i thought I'd have to use a LEFT OUTER JOIN in place of the INNER JOIN, but that returns no rows too, am I naming the tables in the wrong order? I've never had to use an OUTER join before?
SELECT p.name, p.description, s.link FROM products p
LEFT JOIN sales_sheets s ON p.id = s.product_id
WHERE active = 1 && category = ?
In two tables mapped to ActiveRecord with unknown number of identical columns, e.g.:
Table A Table B
--------- ---------
id id
name name
age email
email is_member
How can I (elegantly) copy all identical attributes from a record of Table A to a record of Table B, except the id attribute?
For the example tables above, name and email fields should be copied.
Try this:
Get intersection of the columns between TableA and TableB
columns = (TableA.column_names & TableB.column_names) - ["id"]
Now iterate through TableA rows and create the TableB rows.
TableB.create( TableA.all(:select => columns.join(",") ).map(&:attributes) )
Edit: Copying one record:
table_a_record = TableA.first(:select => columns.join(","), :conditions => [...])
TableB.create( table_a_record.attributes)
Migt consider using a union function on the acitverecord attributes hash between the 2 tables. It's not a complete answer but may help