Please somebody help i can't deobfuscate this script [duplicate] - lua

This question already has an answer here:
How do I de-obfuscate a Lua script?
(1 answer)
Closed 7 months ago.
How can I deobfuscate this code?
return(function(i,a,n)local k=string.char;local e=string.sub;local l=table.concat;local m=math.ldexp;local r=getfenv or function()return _ENV end;local o=select;local g=unpack or table.unpack;local j=tonumber;local function p(h)local b,c,d="","",{}local g=256;local f={}for a=0,g-1 do f[a]=k(a)end;local a=1;local function i()local b=j(e(h,a,a),36)a=a+1;local c=j(e(h,a,a+b-1),36)a=a+b;return c end;b=k(i())d[1]=b;while a<#h do local a=i()if f[a]then c=f[a]else c=b..e(b,1,1)end;f[g]=b..e(c,1,1)d[#d+1],b,g=c,c,g+1 end;return table.concat(d)end local a=(bit or bit32);local d=a and a.bxor or function(a,c)local b,d,e=1,0,10 while a>0 and c>0 do local e,f=a%2,c%2 if e~=f then d=d+b end a,c,b=(a-e)/2,(c-f)/2,b*2 end if a<c then a=c end while a>0 do local c=a%2 if c>0 then d=d+b end a,b=(a-c)/2,b*2 end return d end local function c(c,a,b)if b then local a=(c/2^(a-1))%2^((b-1)-(a-1)+1);return a-a%1;else local a=2^(a-1);return(c%(a+a)>=a)and 1 or 0;end;end;local a=1;local function b()local c,e,f,b=i(j,a,a+3);c=d(c,219)e=d(e,219)f=d(f,219)b=d(b,219)a=a+4;return(b*16777216)+(f*65536)+(e*256)+c;end;local function h()local b=d(i(j,a,a),219);a=a+1;return b;end;local function f()local c,b=i(j,a,a+2);c=d(c,219)b=d(b,219)a=a+2;return(b*256)+c;end;local function p()local d=b();local a=b();local e=1;local d=(c(a,1,20)*(2^32))+d;local b=c(a,21,31);local a=((-1)^c(a,32));if(b==0)then if(d==0)then return a*0;else b=1;e=0;end;elseif(b==2047)then return(d==0)and(a*(1/0))or(a*(0/0));end;return m(a,b-1023)*(e+(d/(2^52)));end;local m=b;local function q(b)local c;if(not b)then b=m();if(b==0)then return'';end;end;c=e(j,a,a+b-1);a=a+b;local b={}for a=1,#c do b[a]=k(d(i(e(c,a,a)),219))end return l(b);end;local a=b;local function m(...)return{...},o('#',...)end local function k()local j={};local i={};local a={};local l={[#{"1 + 1 = 111";{397;924;79;408};}]=i,[#{{872;304;136;960};"1 + 1 = 111";{552;749;880;501};}]=nil,[#{"1 + 1 = 111";{355;485;5;987};{433;30;991;664};"1 + 1 = 111";}]=a,[#{{614;792;330;18};}]=j,};local a=b()local d={}for c=1,a do local b=h();local a;if(b==3)then a=(h()~=0);elseif(b==1)then a=p();elseif(b==2)then a=q();end;d[c]=a;end;for i=1,b()do local a=h();if(c(a,1,1)==0)then local e=c(a,2,3);local g=c(a,4,6);local a={f(),f(),nil,nil};if(e==0)then a[3]=f();a[4]=f();elseif(e==1)then a[3]=b();elseif(e==2)then a[3]=b()-(2^16)elseif(e==3)then a[3]=b()-(2^16)a[4]=f();end;if(c(g,1,1)==1)then a[2]=d[a[2]]end if(c(g,2,2)==1)then a[3]=d[a[3]]end if(c(g,3,3)==1)then a[4]=d[a[4]]end j[i]=a;end end;l[3]=h();for a=1,b()do i[a-1]=k();end;return l;end;local function j(a,i,f)a=(a==true and k())or a;return(function(...)local e=a[1];local d=a[3];local l=a[2];local m=m local c=1;local h=-1;local q={};local p={...};local o=o('#',...)-1;local k={};local b={};for a=0,o do if(a>=d)then q[a-d]=p[a+1];else b[a]=p[a+#{"1 + 1 = 111";}];end;end;local a=o-d+1 local a;local d;while true do a=e[c];d=a[1];if d<=28 then if d<=13 then if d<=6 then if d<=2 then if d<=0 then b[a[2]]=i[a[3]];elseif d>1 then b[a[2]]=(a[3]~=0);else local g;local d;f[a[3]]=b[a[2]];c=c+1;a=e[c];b[a[2]]=f[a[3]];c=c+1;a=e[c];b[a[2]]();c=c+1;a=e[c];b[a[2]]=f[a[3]];c=c+1;a=e[c];b[a[2]]=b[a[3]][a[4]];c=c+1;a=e[c];b[a[2]]=b[a[3]][a[4]];c=c+1;a=e[c];b[a[2]]=b[a[3]][a[4]];c=c+1;a=e[c];d=a[2];g=b[a[3]];b[d+1]=g;b[d]=g[a[4]];end;elseif d<=4 then if d==3 then b[a[2]]=f[a[3]];else local f;local d;b[a[2]]=(a[3]~=0);c=c+1;a=e[c];d=a[2]b[d]=b[d](g(b,d+1,a[3]))c=c+1;a=e[c];d=a[2];f=b[a[3]];b[d+1]=f;b[d]=f[a[4]];c=c+1;a=e[c];b[a[2]]=b[a[3]];c=c+1;a=e[c];b[a[2]]=a[3];c=c+1;a=e[c];d=a[2]b[d]=b[d](g(b,d+1,a[3]))c=c+1;a=e[c];d=a[2];f=b[a[3]];b[d+1]=f;b[d]=f[a[4]];c=c+1;a=e[c];b[a[2]]=b[a[3]];c=c+1;a=e[c];b[a[2]]=a[3];end;elseif d==5 then local f;local d;b[a[2]][a[3]]=a[4];c=c+1;a=e[c];b[a[2]]=b[a[3]][a[4]];c=c+1;a=e[c];b[a[2]][a[3]]=b[a[4]];c=c+1;a=e[c];b[a[2]]=b[a[3]][a[4]];c=c+1;a=e[c];d=a[2];f=b[a[3]];b[d+1]=f;b[d]=f[a[4]];else b[a[2]]=a[3];end;elseif d<=9 then if d<=7 then if(b[a[2]]==a[4])then c=c+1;else c=a[3];end;elseif d==8 then b[a[2]]();else b[a[2]][a[3]]=b[a[4]];end;elseif d<=11 then if d>10 then i[a[3]]=b[a[2]];else local a=a[2]b[a]=b[a](g(b,a+1,h))end;elseif d>12 then local f;local d;d=a[2]b[d]=b[d](g(b,d+1,a[3]))c=c+1;a=e[c];d=a[2];f=b[a[3]];b[d+1]=f;b[d]=f[a[4]];c=c+1;a=e[c];b[a[2]]=b[a[3]];c=c+1;a=e[c];b[a[2]]=a[3];c=c+1;a=e[c];b[a[2]]=(a[3]~=0);else if(b[a[2]]~=a[4])then c=c+1;else c=a[3];end;end;elseif d<=20 then if d<=16 then if d<=14 then local f;local d;d=a[2]b[d]=b[d](g(b,d+1,a[3]))c=c+1;a=e[c];d=a[2];f=b[a[3]];b[d+1]=f;b[d]=f[a[4]];c=c+1;a=e[c];b[a[2]]=b[a[3]];c=c+1;a=e[c];b[a[2]]=a[3];c=c+1;a=e[c];d=a[2]b[d]=b[d](g(b,d+1,a[3]))elseif d==15 then f[a[3]]=b[a[2]];else f[a[3]]=b[a[2]];end;elseif d<=18 then if d>17 then local a=a[2]b[a]=b[a]()else i[a[3]]=b[a[2]];end;elseif d>19 then local c=a[2]b[c]=b[c](g(b,c+1,a[3]))else local h=l[a[3]];local g;local d={};g=n({},{__index=function(b,a)local a=d[a];return a[1][a[2]];end,__newindex=function(c,a,b)local a=d[a]a[1][a[2]]=b;end;});for f=1,a[4]do c=c+1;local a=e[c];if a[1]==27 then d[f-1]={b,a[3]};else d[f-1]={i,a[3]};end;k[#k+1]=d;end;b[a[2]]=j(h,g,f);end;elseif d<=24 then if d<=22 then if d==21 then local c=a[2]local d,a=m(b[c](g(b,c+1,a[3])))h=a+c-1 local a=0;for c=c,h do a=a+1;b[c]=d[a];end;else local c=a[2]local d,a=m(b[c](g(b,c+1,a[3])))h=a+c-1 local a=0;for c=c,h do a=a+1;b[c]=d[a];end;end;elseif d==23 then local c=a[2];local d=b[a[3]];b[c+1]=d;b[c]=d[a[4]];else b[a[2]]=a[3];end;elseif d<=26 then if d==25 then b[a[2]]=b[a[3]][a[4]];else c=a[3];end;elseif d>27 then if(b[a[2]]==a[4])then c=c+1;else c=a[3];end;else b[a[2]]=b[a[3]];end;elseif d<=43 then if d<=35 then if d<=31 then if d<=29 then local j;local l,k;local i;local d;b[a[2]]=f[a[3]];c=c+1;a=e[c];b[a[2]]=f[a[3]];c=c+1;a=e[c];d=a[2];i=b[a[3]];b[d+1]=i;b[d]=i[a[4]];c=c+1;a=e[c];b[a[2]]=a[3];c=c+1;a=e[c];b[a[2]]=(a[3]~=0);c=c+1;a=e[c];d=a[2]l,k=m(b[d](g(b,d+1,a[3])))h=k+d-1 j=0;for a=d,h do j=j+1;b[a]=l[j];end;c=c+1;a=e[c];d=a[2]b[d]=b[d](g(b,d+1,h))c=c+1;a=e[c];d=a[2]b[d]=b[d]()c=c+1;a=e[c];b[a[2]]=(a[3]~=0);c=c+1;a=e[c];d=a[2];i=b[a[3]];b[d+1]=i;b[d]=i[a[4]];elseif d==30 then b[a[2]][a[3]]=a[4];else local c=a[2];local d=b[a[3]];b[c+1]=d;b[c]=d[a[4]];end;elseif d<=33 then if d>32 then c=a[3];else b[a[2]][a[3]]=b[a[4]];end;elseif d>34 then b[a[2]]=f[a[3]];c=c+1;a=e[c];b[a[2]]=b[a[3]][a[4]];c=c+1;a=e[c];b[a[2]]=b[a[3]][a[4]];c=c+1;a=e[c];b[a[2]]=b[a[3]][a[4]];c=c+1;a=e[c];b[a[2]]=b[a[3]][a[4]];c=c+1;a=e[c];b[a[2]][a[3]]=a[4];c=c+1;a=e[c];do return end;else local c=a[2]b[c]=b[c](g(b,c+1,a[3]))end;elseif d<=39 then if d<=37 then if d>36 then local h=l[a[3]];local g;local d={};g=n({},{__index=function(b,a)local a=d[a];return a[1][a[2]];end,__newindex=function(c,a,b)local a=d[a]a[1][a[2]]=b;end;});for f=1,a[4]do c=c+1;local a=e[c];if a[1]==27 then d[f-1]={b,a[3]};else d[f-1]={i,a[3]};end;k[#k+1]=d;end;b[a[2]]=j(h,g,f);else b[a[2]]=b[a[3]];end;elseif d==38 then do return end;else local a=a[2]b[a]=b[a]()end;elseif d<=41 then if d==40 then local c=a[2]b[c](g(b,c+1,a[3]))else local c=a[2]local e={b[c](b[c+1])};local d=0;for a=c,a[4]do d=d+1;b[a]=e[d];end end;elseif d>42 then b[a[2]]=f[a[3]];else b[a[2]]=f[a[3]];c=c+1;a=e[c];b[a[2]]=b[a[3]][a[4]];c=c+1;a=e[c];b[a[2]]=b[a[3]][a[4]];c=c+1;a=e[c];b[a[2]]=b[a[3]][a[4]];c=c+1;a=e[c];b[a[2]]=b[a[3]][a[4]];c=c+1;a=e[c];b[a[2]][a[3]]=a[4];c=c+1;a=e[c];do return end;end;elseif d<=50 then if d<=46 then if d<=44 then local a=a[2]b[a](b[a+1])elseif d==45 then b[a[2]][a[3]]=a[4];else b[a[2]]=j(l[a[3]],nil,f);end;elseif d<=48 then if d==47 then local a=a[2]b[a](b[a+1])else do return end;end;elseif d>49 then b[a[2]]=j(l[a[3]],nil,f);else local a=a[2]b[a]=b[a](g(b,a+1,h))end;elseif d<=54 then if d<=52 then if d==51 then b[a[2]]=(a[3]~=0);else if(b[a[2]]~=a[4])then c=c+1;else c=a[3];end;end;elseif d==53 then local c=a[2]b[c](g(b,c+1,a[3]))else b[a[2]]=i[a[3]];end;elseif d<=56 then if d>55 then b[a[2]]=b[a[3]][a[4]];else local d;d=a[2]b[d](b[d+1])c=c+1;a=e[c];b[a[2]]=f[a[3]];c=c+1;a=e[c];b[a[2]]=a[3];c=c+1;a=e[c];d=a[2]b[d](b[d+1])c=c+1;a=e[c];b[a[2]]=(a[3]~=0);c=c+1;a=e[c];i[a[3]]=b[a[2]];end;elseif d>57 then local d=a[2]local e={b[d](b[d+1])};local c=0;for a=d,a[4]do c=c+1;b[a]=e[c];end else b[a[2]]();end;c=c+1;end;end);end;return j(true,{},r())();end)(string.byte,table.insert,setmetatable);

You can use online tools like https://beautifier.io for those things.
I remarked though that the long line is obstructing the website and it's a bit hard to find the buttons.
So I add what I got from the site, actually you shouldn't trust that code but create your own version.
Furthermore you should find the original not-minified script, because that includes likely variable names that are more useful than a,b,c. ... and also comments perhaps that help to understand or use the script.
To find the original script you could search for this in the searchengine of your choice (it's in the last line):
(string.byte, table.insert, setmetatable)
About this or resembling scripts people got already suspicious:
Here the whole script:
return (function(i, a, n) local k = string.char; local e = string.sub; local l = table.concat; local m = math.ldexp; local r = getfenv or
function() return _ENV end; local o = select; local g = unpack or table.unpack; local j = tonumber; local
function p(h) local b, c, d = "", "", {}
local g = 256; local f = {}
for a = 0, g - 1 do f[a] = k(a) end;
local a = 1; local
function i() local b = j(e(h, a, a), 36) a = a + 1; local c = j(e(h, a, a + b - 1), 36) a = a + b;
return c end; b = k(i()) d[1] = b;
while a < #h do local a = i() if f[a]
then c = f[a]
else c = b..e(b, 1, 1) end; f[g] = b..e(c, 1, 1) d[#d + 1], b, g = c, c, g + 1 end;
return table.concat(d) end local a = (bit or bit32); local d = a and a.bxor or
function(a, c) local b, d, e = 1, 0, 10
while a > 0 and c > 0 do local e, f = a % 2, c % 2
if
e~ = f then d = d + b end a, c, b = (a - e) / 2, (c - f) / 2, b * 2 end
if a < c then a = c end
while a > 0 do local c = a % 2
if
c > 0 then d = d + b end a, b = (a - c) / 2, b * 2 end
return d end local
function c(c, a, b) if b then local a = (c / 2 ^ (a - 1)) % 2 ^ ((b - 1) - (a - 1) + 1);
return a - a % 1;
else local a = 2 ^ (a - 1);
return (c % (a + a) >= a) and 1 or 0; end; end; local a = 1; local
function b() local c, e, f, b = i(j, a, a + 3); c = d(c, 219) e = d(e, 219) f = d(f, 219) b = d(b, 219) a = a + 4;
return (b * 16777216) + (f * 65536) + (e * 256) + c; end; local
function h() local b = d(i(j, a, a), 219); a = a + 1;
return b; end; local
function f() local c, b = i(j, a, a + 2); c = d(c, 219) b = d(b, 219) a = a + 2;
return (b * 256) + c; end; local
function p() local d = b(); local a = b(); local e = 1; local d = (c(a, 1, 20) * (2 ^ 32)) + d; local b = c(a, 21, 31); local a = ((-1) ^ c(a, 32));
if (b == 0) then
if (d == 0) then
return a * 0;
else b = 1; e = 0; end; elseif(b == 2047) then
return (d == 0) and(a * (1 / 0)) or(a * (0 / 0)); end;
return m(a, b - 1023) * (e + (d / (2 ^ 52))); end; local m = b; local
function q(b) local c;
if (not b) then b = m();
if (b == 0) then
return ''; end; end; c = e(j, a, a + b - 1); a = a + b; local b = {}
for a = 1, #c do b[a] = k(d(i(e(c, a, a)), 219)) end
return l(b);
end; local a = b; local
function m(...) return {
...
}, o('#', ...) end local
function k() local j = {}; local i = {}; local a = {}; local l = {
[# {
"1 + 1 = 111"; {
397;
924;
79;
408
};
}] = i,
[# {
{
872;
304;
136;
960
};
"1 + 1 = 111"; {
552;
749;
880;
501
};
}] = nil,
[# {
"1 + 1 = 111"; {
355;
485;
5;
987
}; {
433;
30;
991;
664
};
"1 + 1 = 111";
}] = a,
[# {
{
614;
792;
330;
18
};
}] = j,
}; local a = b() local d = {}
for c = 1, a do local b = h();
local a;
if (b == 3) then a = (h() ~ = 0); elseif(b == 1) then a = p(); elseif(b == 2) then a = q(); end; d[c] = a; end;
for i = 1, b() do local a = h();
if (c(a, 1, 1) == 0) then local e = c(a, 2, 3); local g = c(a, 4, 6); local a = {
f(),
f(),
nil,
nil
};
if (e == 0) then a[3] = f(); a[4] = f(); elseif(e == 1) then a[3] = b(); elseif(e == 2) then a[3] = b() - (2 ^ 16) elseif(e == 3) then a[3] = b() - (2 ^ 16) a[4] = f(); end;
if (c(g, 1, 1) == 1) then a[2] = d[a[2]] end
if (c(g, 2, 2) == 1) then a[3] = d[a[3]] end
if (c(g, 3, 3) == 1) then a[4] = d[a[4]] end j[i] = a; end end; l[3] = h();
for a = 1, b() do i[a - 1] = k();
end;
return l; end; local
function j(a, i, f) a = (a == true and k()) or a;
return (function(...) local e = a[1]; local d = a[3]; local l = a[2]; local m = m local c = 1; local h = -1; local q = {}; local p = {
...
}; local o = o('#', ...) - 1; local k = {}; local b = {};
for a = 0, o do
if (a >= d) then q[a - d] = p[a + 1];
else b[a] = p[a + # {
"1 + 1 = 111";
}];
end; end; local a = o - d + 1 local a; local d;
while true do a = e[c];
d = a[1];
if d <= 28 then
if d <= 13 then
if d <= 6 then
if d <= 2 then
if d <= 0 then b[a[2]] = i[a[3]]; elseif d > 1 then b[a[2]] = (a[3] ~ = 0);
else local g; local d; f[a[3]] = b[a[2]]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; b[a[2]] = f[a[3]]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; b[a[2]](); c = c + 1; a = e[c]; b[a[2]] = f[a[3]]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; b[a[2]] = b[a[3]][a[4]]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; b[a[2]] = b[a[3]][a[4]]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; b[a[2]] = b[a[3]][a[4]]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; d = a[2]; g = b[a[3]]; b[d + 1] = g; b[d] = g[a[4]]; end; elseif d <= 4 then
if d == 3 then b[a[2]] = f[a[3]];
else local f; local d; b[a[2]] = (a[3] ~ = 0); c = c + 1; a = e[c]; d = a[2] b[d] = b[d](g(b, d + 1, a[3])) c = c + 1; a = e[c]; d = a[2]; f = b[a[3]]; b[d + 1] = f; b[d] = f[a[4]]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; b[a[2]] = b[a[3]]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; b[a[2]] = a[3]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; d = a[2] b[d] = b[d](g(b, d + 1, a[3])) c = c + 1; a = e[c]; d = a[2]; f = b[a[3]]; b[d + 1] = f; b[d] = f[a[4]]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; b[a[2]] = b[a[3]]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; b[a[2]] = a[3]; end; elseif d == 5 then local f; local d; b[a[2]][a[3]] = a[4]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; b[a[2]] = b[a[3]][a[4]]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; b[a[2]][a[3]] = b[a[4]]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; b[a[2]] = b[a[3]][a[4]]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; d = a[2]; f = b[a[3]]; b[d + 1] = f; b[d] = f[a[4]];
else b[a[2]] = a[3]; end; elseif d <= 9 then
if d <= 7 then
if (b[a[2]] == a[4]) then c = c + 1;
else c = a[3]; end; elseif d == 8 then b[a[2]]();
else b[a[2]][a[3]] = b[a[4]]; end; elseif d <= 11 then
if d > 10 then i[a[3]] = b[a[2]];
else local a = a[2] b[a] = b[a](g(b, a + 1, h)) end; elseif d > 12 then local f; local d; d = a[2] b[d] = b[d](g(b, d + 1, a[3])) c = c + 1; a = e[c]; d = a[2]; f = b[a[3]]; b[d + 1] = f; b[d] = f[a[4]]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; b[a[2]] = b[a[3]]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; b[a[2]] = a[3]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; b[a[2]] = (a[3] ~ = 0);
else if (b[a[2]] ~ = a[4]) then c = c + 1;
else c = a[3]; end; end; elseif d <= 20 then
if d <= 16 then
if d <= 14 then local f; local d; d = a[2] b[d] = b[d](g(b, d + 1, a[3])) c = c + 1; a = e[c]; d = a[2]; f = b[a[3]]; b[d + 1] = f; b[d] = f[a[4]]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; b[a[2]] = b[a[3]]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; b[a[2]] = a[3]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; d = a[2] b[d] = b[d](g(b, d + 1, a[3])) elseif d == 15 then f[a[3]] = b[a[2]];
else f[a[3]] = b[a[2]]; end; elseif d <= 18 then
if d > 17 then local a = a[2] b[a] = b[a]()
else i[a[3]] = b[a[2]]; end; elseif d > 19 then local c = a[2] b[c] = b[c](g(b, c + 1, a[3]))
else local h = l[a[3]]; local g; local d = {}; g = n({}, {
__index = function(b, a) local a = d[a];
return a[1][a[2]];end,
__newindex = function(c, a, b) local a = d[a] a[1][a[2]] = b;end;
});
for f = 1, a[4] do c = c + 1;
local a = e[c];
if a[1] == 27 then d[f - 1] = {
b,
a[3]
};
else d[f - 1] = {
i,
a[3]
}; end; k[#k + 1] = d; end; b[a[2]] = j(h, g, f); end; elseif d <= 24 then
if d <= 22 then
if d == 21 then local c = a[2] local d, a = m(b[c](g(b, c + 1, a[3]))) h = a + c - 1 local a = 0;
for c = c, h do a = a + 1;
b[c] = d[a]; end;
else local c = a[2] local d, a = m(b[c](g(b, c + 1, a[3]))) h = a + c - 1 local a = 0;
for c = c, h do a = a + 1;
b[c] = d[a]; end; end; elseif d == 23 then local c = a[2]; local d = b[a[3]]; b[c + 1] = d; b[c] = d[a[4]];
else b[a[2]] = a[3]; end; elseif d <= 26 then
if d == 25 then b[a[2]] = b[a[3]][a[4]];
else c = a[3]; end; elseif d > 27 then
if (b[a[2]] == a[4]) then c = c + 1;
else c = a[3]; end;
else b[a[2]] = b[a[3]]; end; elseif d <= 43 then
if d <= 35 then
if d <= 31 then
if d <= 29 then local j; local l, k; local i; local d; b[a[2]] = f[a[3]]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; b[a[2]] = f[a[3]]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; d = a[2]; i = b[a[3]]; b[d + 1] = i; b[d] = i[a[4]]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; b[a[2]] = a[3]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; b[a[2]] = (a[3] ~ = 0); c = c + 1; a = e[c]; d = a[2] l, k = m(b[d](g(b, d + 1, a[3]))) h = k + d - 1 j = 0;
for a = d, h do j = j + 1;
b[a] = l[j]; end; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; d = a[2] b[d] = b[d](g(b, d + 1, h)) c = c + 1; a = e[c]; d = a[2] b[d] = b[d]() c = c + 1; a = e[c]; b[a[2]] = (a[3] ~ = 0); c = c + 1; a = e[c]; d = a[2]; i = b[a[3]]; b[d + 1] = i; b[d] = i[a[4]]; elseif d == 30 then b[a[2]][a[3]] = a[4];
else local c = a[2]; local d = b[a[3]]; b[c + 1] = d; b[c] = d[a[4]]; end; elseif d <= 33 then
if d > 32 then c = a[3];
else b[a[2]][a[3]] = b[a[4]]; end; elseif d > 34 then b[a[2]] = f[a[3]]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; b[a[2]] = b[a[3]][a[4]]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; b[a[2]] = b[a[3]][a[4]]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; b[a[2]] = b[a[3]][a[4]]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; b[a[2]] = b[a[3]][a[4]]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; b[a[2]][a[3]] = a[4]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; do return end;
else local c = a[2] b[c] = b[c](g(b, c + 1, a[3])) end; elseif d <= 39 then
if d <= 37 then
if d > 36 then local h = l[a[3]]; local g; local d = {}; g = n({}, {
__index = function(b, a) local a = d[a];
return a[1][a[2]];end,
__newindex = function(c, a, b) local a = d[a] a[1][a[2]] = b;end;
});
for f = 1, a[4] do c = c + 1;
local a = e[c];
if a[1] == 27 then d[f - 1] = {
b,
a[3]
};
else d[f - 1] = {
i,
a[3]
}; end; k[#k + 1] = d; end; b[a[2]] = j(h, g, f);
else b[a[2]] = b[a[3]]; end; elseif d == 38 then do return end;
else local a = a[2] b[a] = b[a]() end; elseif d <= 41 then
if d == 40 then local c = a[2] b[c](g(b, c + 1, a[3]))
else local c = a[2] local e = {
b[c](b[c + 1])
}; local d = 0;
for a = c, a[4] do d = d + 1;
b[a] = e[d]; end end; elseif d > 42 then b[a[2]] = f[a[3]];
else b[a[2]] = f[a[3]]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; b[a[2]] = b[a[3]][a[4]]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; b[a[2]] = b[a[3]][a[4]]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; b[a[2]] = b[a[3]][a[4]]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; b[a[2]] = b[a[3]][a[4]]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; b[a[2]][a[3]] = a[4]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; do return end;
end; elseif d <= 50 then
if d <= 46 then
if d <= 44 then local a = a[2] b[a](b[a + 1]) elseif d == 45 then b[a[2]][a[3]] = a[4];
else b[a[2]] = j(l[a[3]], nil, f); end; elseif d <= 48 then
if d == 47 then local a = a[2] b[a](b[a + 1])
else
do return end;
end; elseif d > 49 then b[a[2]] = j(l[a[3]], nil, f);
else local a = a[2] b[a] = b[a](g(b, a + 1, h)) end; elseif d <= 54 then
if d <= 52 then
if d == 51 then b[a[2]] = (a[3] ~ = 0);
else if (b[a[2]] ~ = a[4]) then c = c + 1;
else c = a[3]; end; end; elseif d == 53 then local c = a[2] b[c](g(b, c + 1, a[3]))
else b[a[2]] = i[a[3]]; end; elseif d <= 56 then
if d > 55 then b[a[2]] = b[a[3]][a[4]];
else local d; d = a[2] b[d](b[d + 1]) c = c + 1; a = e[c]; b[a[2]] = f[a[3]]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; b[a[2]] = a[3]; c = c + 1; a = e[c]; d = a[2] b[d](b[d + 1]) c = c + 1; a = e[c]; b[a[2]] = (a[3] ~ = 0); c = c + 1; a = e[c]; i[a[3]] = b[a[2]]; end; elseif d > 57 then local d = a[2] local e = {
b[d](b[d + 1])
}; local c = 0;
for a = d, a[4] do c = c + 1;
b[a] = e[c]; end
else b[a[2]](); end; c = c + 1; end; end); end;
return j(true, {}, r())(); end)(string.byte, table.insert, setmetatable);
One interesting page is showing that this or a resembling script (concerning the snippet I extracted above to search in searchengines) was used for obstruction already, read this forum thread about it:
https://devforum.roblox.com/t/ironbrew-de-obfuscation-is-it-possible/739114

Related

math library is missing in the latest update of Logitech G-Hub

local delay = math.random(25, 50)
[string "LuaVM"]:5: attempt to index a nil value (global 'math')
I can't use math.random anymore is there any way to fix this ?
If math library is missed you can insert the following code block at the beginning of your script.
It will not fix the whole math library, but only some of the most frequently used functions (including math.random).
It will also fix the following errors:
bad argument #1 to 'Sleep' (number has no integer representation)
attempt to call a nil value (field 'getn')
do
local state_8, state_45, cached_bits, cached_bits_qty = 2, 0, 0, 0
local prev_width, prev_bits_in_factor, prev_k = 0
for c in GetDate():gmatch"." do
state_45 = state_45 % 65537 * 23456 + c:byte()
end
local function get_53_random_bits()
local value53 = 0
for shift = 26, 27 do
local p = 2^shift
state_45 = (state_45 * 233 + 7161722017421) % 35184372088832
repeat state_8 = state_8 * 76 % 257 until state_8 ~= 1
local r = state_8 % 32
local n = state_45 / 2^(13 - (state_8 - r) / 32)
n = (n - n%1) % 2^32 / 2^r
value53 = value53 * p + ((n%1 * 2^32) + (n - n%1)) % p
end
return value53
end
for j = 1, 10 do get_53_random_bits() end
local function get_random_bits(number_of_bits)
local pwr_number_of_bits = 2^number_of_bits
local result
if number_of_bits <= cached_bits_qty then
result = cached_bits % pwr_number_of_bits
cached_bits = (cached_bits - result) / pwr_number_of_bits
else
local new_bits = get_53_random_bits()
result = new_bits % pwr_number_of_bits
cached_bits = (new_bits - result) / pwr_number_of_bits * 2^cached_bits_qty + cached_bits
cached_bits_qty = 53 + cached_bits_qty
end
cached_bits_qty = cached_bits_qty - number_of_bits
return result
end
table = table or {}
table.getn = table.getn or function(x) return #x end
math = math or {}
math.huge = math.huge or 1/0
math.abs = math.abs or function(x) return x < 0 and -x or x end
math.floor = math.floor or function(x) return x - x%1 end
math.ceil = math.ceil or function(x) return x + (-x)%1 end
math.min = math.min or function(x, y) return x < y and x or y end
math.max = math.max or function(x, y) return x > y and x or y end
math.sqrt = math.sqrt or function(x) return x^0.5 end
math.pow = math.pow or function(x, y) return x^y end
math.frexp = math.frexp or
function(x)
local e = 0
if x == 0 then
return x, e
end
local sign = x < 0 and -1 or 1
x = x * sign
while x >= 1 do
x = x / 2
e = e + 1
end
while x < 0.5 do
x = x * 2
e = e - 1
end
return x * sign, e
end
math.exp = math.exp or
function(x)
local e, t, k, p = 0, 1, 1
repeat e, t, k, p = e + t, t * x / k, k + 1, e
until e == p
return e
end
math.log = math.log or
function(x)
assert(x > 0)
local a, b, c, d, e, f = x < 1 and x or 1/x, 0, 0, 1, 1
repeat
repeat
c, d, e, f = c + d, b * d / e, e + 1, c
until c == f
b, c, d, e, f = b + 1 - a * c, 0, 1, 1, b
until b <= f
return a == x and -f or f
end
math.log10 = math.log10 or
function(x)
return math.log(x) / 2.3025850929940459
end
math.random = math.random or
function(m, n)
if m then
if not n then
m, n = 1, m
end
local k = n - m + 1
if k < 1 or k > 2^53 then
error("Invalid arguments for function 'random()'", 2)
end
local width, bits_in_factor, modk
if k == prev_k then
width, bits_in_factor = prev_width, prev_bits_in_factor
else
local pwr_prev_width = 2^prev_width
if k > pwr_prev_width / 2 and k <= pwr_prev_width then
width = prev_width
else
width = 53
local width_low = -1
repeat
local w = (width_low + width) / 2
w = w - w%1
if k <= 2^w then
width = w
else
width_low = w
end
until width - width_low == 1
prev_width = width
end
bits_in_factor = 0
local bits_in_factor_high = width + 1
while bits_in_factor_high - bits_in_factor > 1 do
local bits_in_new_factor = (bits_in_factor + bits_in_factor_high) / 2
bits_in_new_factor = bits_in_new_factor - bits_in_new_factor%1
if k % 2^bits_in_new_factor == 0 then
bits_in_factor = bits_in_new_factor
else
bits_in_factor_high = bits_in_new_factor
end
end
prev_k, prev_bits_in_factor = k, bits_in_factor
end
local factor, saved_bits, saved_bits_qty, pwr_saved_bits_qty = 2^bits_in_factor, 0, 0, 2^0
k = k / factor
width = width - bits_in_factor
local pwr_width = 2^width
local gap = pwr_width - k
repeat
modk = get_random_bits(width - saved_bits_qty) * pwr_saved_bits_qty + saved_bits
local modk_in_range = modk < k
if not modk_in_range then
local interval = gap
saved_bits = modk - k
saved_bits_qty = width - 1
pwr_saved_bits_qty = pwr_width / 2
repeat
saved_bits_qty = saved_bits_qty - 1
pwr_saved_bits_qty = pwr_saved_bits_qty / 2
if pwr_saved_bits_qty <= interval then
if saved_bits < pwr_saved_bits_qty then
interval = nil
else
interval = interval - pwr_saved_bits_qty
saved_bits = saved_bits - pwr_saved_bits_qty
end
end
until not interval
end
until modk_in_range
return m + modk * factor + get_random_bits(bits_in_factor)
else
return get_53_random_bits() / 2^53
end
end
local orig_Sleep = Sleep
function Sleep(x)
return orig_Sleep(x - x%1)
end
end

Incorrect Indexing in Rader Algorithm (GNU Octave implementation)

Rader DFT algorithm implemented using GNU Octave (for example, length 11). I used this wikipedia article. The values obtained are correct, but they are incorrectly reindexed. I can not understand where the error is?
upd. Add function for finds the smallest generator of the group.
Fin = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11];
nfft = columns(Fin);
snfft = nfft - 1;
function [m one_per] = find_gen(p)
m = 1;
a = factor(p);
if (length(a) > 1)
m = p + 1;
one_per = [];
endif
if (m == 1)
finished = 0;
for cur = 2:p-2
not_yet = 0;
test = cur;
single_per = [1 cur];
for k = 2:p-2
test = test * cur;
test = mod(test,p);
single_per = [single_per test];
if (test == 1)
not_yet = 1;
endif
endfor
if (not_yet == 0)
m = cur;
one_per = single_per;
finished = 1;
break;
endif
endfor
endif
endfunction
q = find_gen(nfft)
p = mod((q^(nfft-2)),nfft)
Tq_idx = [];
Tq = [];
for k = 0 : snfft-1
A = mod(q^k, nfft);
Tq_idx = [A Tq_idx];
Tq = [Fin(A+1) Tq];
endfor
Tq_idx, Tq
Tp_idx = [];
Tp = [];
for k = 0 : snfft-1
A = mod(p^k, nfft);
Tp_idx = [A Tp_idx];
Tp = [Fin(A+1) Tp];
endfor
Tp_idx, Tp
Twp = [];
for k = 1 : snfft
ecpx = complex(cos(-2*pi*Tp_idx(k) / nfft),sin(-2*pi*Tp_idx(k) / nfft));
Twp = [Twp ecpx];
endfor
Tq_fft = fft(Tq);
Twp_fft = fft(Twp);
Tm_fft = Tq_fft .* Twp_fft;
Tm_ffti = ifft(Tm_fft);
Tm_ffti
Res = [Fin(1)];
for k = 1 : snfft
Res(1) += Fin(k+1);
Res = [Res (Tm_ffti(Tp_idx(k)) + Fin(1))];
endfor
Res
Fbest = fft(Fin)
Fdiff = Fbest .- Res
ResI = ifft(Res)
Result
Res =
Columns 1 through 3:
66.0000 + 0.0000i -5.5000 - 4.7658i -5.5000 - 18.7313i
Columns 4 through 6:
-5.5000 - 0.7908i -5.5000 - 8.5582i -5.5000 + 8.5582i
Columns 7 through 9:
-5.5000 + 18.7313i -5.5000 + 4.7658i -5.5000 + 0.7908i
Columns 10 and 11:
-5.5000 - 2.5118i -5.5000 + 2.5118i
Using the GNU Octave fft () internal function as standard
Fbest =
Columns 1 through 3:
66.0000 + 0.0000i -5.5000 + 18.7313i -5.5000 + 8.5582i
Columns 4 through 6:
-5.5000 + 4.7658i -5.5000 + 2.5118i -5.5000 + 0.7908i
Columns 7 through 9:
-5.5000 - 0.7908i -5.5000 - 2.5118i -5.5000 - 4.7658i
Columns 10 and 11:
-5.5000 - 8.5582i -5.5000 - 18.7313i
I fixed the error. Working code here
function [m one_per] = find_gen(p)
m = 1;
a = factor(p);
if (length(a) > 1)
m = p + 1;
one_per = [];
endif
if (m == 1)
finished = 0;
for cur = 2:p-2
not_yet = 0;
test = cur;
single_per = [1 cur];
for k = 2:p-2
test = test * cur;
test = mod(test,p);
single_per = [single_per test];
if (test == 1)
not_yet = 1;
endif
endfor
if (not_yet == 0)
m = cur;
one_per = single_per;
finished = 1;
break;
endif
endfor
endif
endfunction
function [Fout] = fast_conv (F1,F2, seq_lenght)
F1_fft = fft(F1);
F2_fft = fft(F2);
Fm_fft = F1_fft .* F2_fft;
Fout = ifft(Fm_fft);
endfunction
function [Res] = rader_algo (Fin)
nfft = columns(Fin);
snfft = nfft - 1;
q = find_gen(nfft)
p = mod((q^(nfft-2)),nfft)
Tq_idx = []; Tq = [];
for k = 0 : snfft-1
A = mod(q^k, nfft);
Tq_idx = [Tq_idx A];
Tq = [Tq Fin(A+1)];
endfor
Tq_idx, Tq
Tp_idx = []; Tp = [];
for k = 0 : snfft-1
A = mod(p^k, nfft);
Tp_idx = [Tp_idx A];
Tp = [Tp Fin(A+1)];
endfor
Tp_idx, Tp
Twp = [];
for k = 1 : snfft
ecpx = complex(cos(-2*pi*Tp_idx(k) / nfft),sin(-2*pi*Tp_idx(k) / nfft));
Twp = [Twp ecpx];
endfor
Twp
Tm_ffti = fast_conv(Tq, Twp, nfft);
Res = zeros(1, nfft);
Res(1) = Fin(1);
for k = 1 : snfft
Res(1) += Fin(k+1);
Res(Tp_idx(k)+1) = Tm_ffti(k) + Fin(1);
endfor
endfunction
Fin = [1,2,3,4,5];
Res = rader_algo (Fin)
% === VERIFY ===
Fbest = fft(Fin)
Fdiff = Fbest .- Res
ResI = ifft(Res)

SHA512 pure Lua 5.1 adaptation

I was searching for a pure Lua 5.1 adaptation for SHA512 and yielded no results anywhere I went. I found a similar question where someone tried to convert the SHA256 adaptation into SHA512 (except he was using Lua 5.3):
Adaptation of SHA2 512 gives incorrect results
Basically I couldn't use bitwise operators (not implemented in Lua 5.1) so I had to write my own implementations of them.
This is my code:
local MOD = 2^64;
local MODM = MOD-1;
local function memoize(f)
local mt = {}
local t = setmetatable({}, mt)
function mt:__index(k)
local v = f(k)
t[k] = v
return v
end
return t
end
local function make_bitop_uncached(t, m)
local function bitop(a, b)
local res,p = 0,1
while a ~= 0 and b ~= 0 do
local am, bm = a % m, b % m
res = res + t[am][bm] * p
a = (a - am) / m
b = (b - bm) / m
p = p*m
end
res = res + (a + b) * p
return res
end
return bitop
end
local function make_bitop(t)
local op1 = make_bitop_uncached(t,2^1)
local op2 = memoize(function(a) return memoize(function(b) return op1(a, b)
end) end)
return make_bitop_uncached(op2, 2 ^ (t.n or 1))
end
local bxor1 = make_bitop({[0] = {[0] = 0,[1] = 1}, [1] = {[0] = 1, [1] = 0}, n = 4})
local function bxor(a, b, c, ...)
local z = nil
if b then
a = a % MOD
b = b % MOD
z = bxor1(a, b)
if c then z = bxor(z, c, ...) end
return z
elseif a then return a % MOD
else return 0 end
end
local function band(a, b, c, ...)
local z
if b then
a = a % MOD
b = b % MOD
z = ((a + b) - bxor1(a,b)) / 2
if c then z = bit32_band(z, c, ...) end
return z
elseif a then return a % MOD
else return MODM end
end
local function bnot(x) return (-1 - x) % MOD end
local function rshift1(a, disp)
if disp < 0 then return lshift(a,-disp) end
return math.floor(a % 2 ^ 32 / 2 ^ disp)
end
local function rshift(x, disp)
if disp > 31 or disp < -31 then return 0 end
return rshift1(x % MOD, disp)
end
local function lshift(a, disp)
if disp < 0 then return rshift(a,-disp) end
return (a * 2 ^ disp) % 2 ^ 32
end
-- UTILITY FUNCTIONS
--
-- transform a string of bytes in a string of hexadecimal digits
local function str2hexa (s)
local h = string.gsub(s, ".", function(c)
return string.format("%02x", string.byte(c))
end)
return h
end
-- transforms number 'l' into a big-endian sequence of 'n' bytes
--(coded as a string)
local function num2string(l, n)
local s = ""
for i = 1, n do
--most significant byte of l
local remainder = l % 256
s = string.char(remainder) .. s
--remove from l the bits we have already transformed
l = (l-remainder) / 256;
end
return s
end
-- transform the big-endian sequence of eight bytes starting at
-- index 'i' in 's' into a number
local function s264num (s, i)
local n = 0
for i = i, i + 7 do
n = n*256 + string.byte(s, i)
end
return n
end
--
-- MAIN SECTION
--
-- FIRST STEP: INITIALIZE HASH VALUES
--(second 32 bits of the fractional parts of the square roots of the first
9th through 16th primes 23..53)
local HH = {}
local function initH512(H)
H = {0x6a09e667f3bcc908, 0xbb67ae8584caa73b, 0x3c6ef372fe94f82b, 0xa54ff53a5f1d36f1, 0x510e527fade682d1, 0x9b05688c2b3e6c1f, 0x1f83d9abfb41bd6b, 0x5be0cd19137e2179}
return H
end
-- SECOND STEP: INITIALIZE ROUND CONSTANTS
--(first 80 bits of the fractional parts of the cube roots of the first 80 primes 2..409)
local k = {
0x428a2f98d728ae22, 0x7137449123ef65cd, 0xb5c0fbcfec4d3b2f, 0xe9b5dba58189dbbc, 0x3956c25bf348b538,
0x59f111f1b605d019, 0x923f82a4af194f9b, 0xab1c5ed5da6d8118, 0xd807aa98a3030242, 0x12835b0145706fbe,
0x243185be4ee4b28c, 0x550c7dc3d5ffb4e2, 0x72be5d74f27b896f, 0x80deb1fe3b1696b1, 0x9bdc06a725c71235,
0xc19bf174cf692694, 0xe49b69c19ef14ad2, 0xefbe4786384f25e3, 0x0fc19dc68b8cd5b5, 0x240ca1cc77ac9c65,
0x2de92c6f592b0275, 0x4a7484aa6ea6e483, 0x5cb0a9dcbd41fbd4, 0x76f988da831153b5, 0x983e5152ee66dfab,
0xa831c66d2db43210, 0xb00327c898fb213f, 0xbf597fc7beef0ee4, 0xc6e00bf33da88fc2, 0xd5a79147930aa725,
0x06ca6351e003826f, 0x142929670a0e6e70, 0x27b70a8546d22ffc, 0x2e1b21385c26c926, 0x4d2c6dfc5ac42aed,
0x53380d139d95b3df, 0x650a73548baf63de, 0x766a0abb3c77b2a8, 0x81c2c92e47edaee6, 0x92722c851482353b,
0xa2bfe8a14cf10364, 0xa81a664bbc423001, 0xc24b8b70d0f89791, 0xc76c51a30654be30, 0xd192e819d6ef5218,
0xd69906245565a910, 0xf40e35855771202a, 0x106aa07032bbd1b8, 0x19a4c116b8d2d0c8, 0x1e376c085141ab53,
0x2748774cdf8eeb99, 0x34b0bcb5e19b48a8, 0x391c0cb3c5c95a63, 0x4ed8aa4ae3418acb, 0x5b9cca4f7763e373,
0x682e6ff3d6b2b8a3, 0x748f82ee5defb2fc, 0x78a5636f43172f60, 0x84c87814a1f0ab72, 0x8cc702081a6439ec,
0x90befffa23631e28, 0xa4506cebde82bde9, 0xbef9a3f7b2c67915, 0xc67178f2e372532b, 0xca273eceea26619c,
0xd186b8c721c0c207, 0xeada7dd6cde0eb1e, 0xf57d4f7fee6ed178, 0x06f067aa72176fba, 0x0a637dc5a2c898a6,
0x113f9804bef90dae, 0x1b710b35131c471b, 0x28db77f523047d84, 0x32caab7b40c72493, 0x3c9ebe0a15c9bebc,
0x431d67c49c100d4c, 0x4cc5d4becb3e42b6, 0x597f299cfc657e2a, 0x5fcb6fab3ad6faec, 0x6c44198c4a475817
}
-- THIRD STEP: PRE-PROCESSING (padding)
local function preprocess(toProcess, len)
--append a single '1' bit
--append K '0' bits, where K is the minimum number >= 0 such that L + 1 + K = 896mod1024
local extra = - (len + 17) % 128 + 8
len = num2string(8 * len, 8)
toProcess = toProcess .. "\128" .. string.rep("\0", extra) .. len
assert(#toProcess % 128 == 0)
return toProcess
end
local function rrotate(rot, n)
return rshift(rot, n) or (rshift(rot, 64 - n))
end
local function digestblock(msg, i, H)
local w = {}
for j = 1, 16 do w[j] = s264num(msg, i + (j - 1) * 8) end
for j = 17, 80 do
local v = w[j - 15]
local s0 = bxor(rrotate(v, 1), rrotate(v, 8), rshift(v, 7))
v = w[j - 2]
w[j] = w[j - 16] + s0 + w[j - 7] + bxor(rrotate(v, 19), rrotate(v, 61),
rshift(v, 6))
end
local a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h = H[1], H[2], H[3], H[4], H[5], H[6], H[7], H[8]
for i = 1, 80 do
a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h = a , b , c , d , e , f , g , h
local s0 = bxor(rrotate(a, 28), rrotate(a, 34), rrotate(a, 39))
local maj = bxor(band(a, b), band(a, c), band(b, c))
local t2 = s0 + maj
local s1 = bxor(rrotate(e, 14), rrotate(e, 18), rrotate(e, 41))
local ch = bxor (band(e, f), band(bnot(e), g))
local t1 = h + s1 + ch + k[i] + w[i]
h, g, f, e, d, c, b, a = g, f, e, d + t1, c, b, a, t1 + t2
end
H[1] = (H[1] + a)
H[2] = (H[2] + b)
H[3] = (H[3] + c)
H[4] = (H[4] + d)
H[5] = (H[5] + e)
H[6] = (H[6] + f)
H[7] = (H[7] + g)
H[8] = (H[8] + h)
end
local function finalresult512 (H)
-- Produce the final hash value:
return
str2hexa(num2string(H[1], 8)..num2string(H[2], 8)..num2string(H[3], 8)..num2string(H[4], 8)..
num2string(H[5], 8)..num2string(H[6], 8)..num2string(H[7], 8)..num2string(H[8], 8))
end
-- Returns the hash512 for the given string.
local function hash512 (msg)
msg = preprocess(msg, #msg)
local H = initH512(HH)
-- Process the message in successive 1024-bit (128 bytes) chunks:
for i = 1, #msg, 128 do
digestblock(msg, i, H)
end
return finalresult512(H)
end
print( hash512("a") )
At the end, when "a" is hashed, it turns into this:
8c14f3e36400000074d6c495c0000000fd2e4ad8b40000009a78880fb00000002c13f4fdc0000000bf50f67658000000cdf76c796c000000df8163cae8000000
Instead of the actual hash (which is this):
1F40FC92DA241694750979EE6CF582F2D5D7D28E18335DE05ABC54D0560E0F5302860C652BF08D560252AA5E74210546F369FBBBCE8C12CFC7957B2652FE9A75
So my question is, why is it wielding such different results. Is it a problem with the bitwise operator functions? I am stumped.
Here is a working implementation of SHA512 for Lua 5.1
File sha2for51.lua
-- This module contains functions to calculate SHA2 digest.
-- Supported hashes: SHA-224, SHA-256, SHA-384, SHA-512, SHA-512/224, SHA-512/256
-- This is a pure-Lua module, compatible with Lua 5.1
-- It works on Lua 5.1/5.2/5.3/5.4/LuaJIT, but it doesn't use benefits of Lua versions 5.2+
-- Input data may must be provided either as a whole string or as a sequence of substrings (chunk-by-chunk).
-- Result (SHA2 digest) is a string of lowercase hex digits.
--
-- Simplest usage example:
-- local your_hash = require("sha2for51").sha512("your string")
-- See file "sha2for51_test.lua" for more examples.
local unpack, table_concat, byte, char, string_rep, sub, string_format, floor, ceil, min, max =
table.unpack or unpack, table.concat, string.byte, string.char, string.rep, string.sub, string.format, math.floor, math.ceil, math.min, math.max
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- BASIC BITWISE FUNCTIONS
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- 32-bit bitwise functions
local AND, OR, XOR, SHL, SHR, ROL, ROR, HEX
-- Only low 32 bits of function arguments matter, high bits are ignored
-- The result of all functions (except HEX) is an integer (pair of integers) inside range 0..(2^32-1)
function SHL(x, n)
return (x * 2^n) % 4294967296
end
function SHR(x, n)
x = x % 4294967296 / 2^n
return x - x % 1
end
function ROL(x, n)
x = x % 4294967296 * 2^n
local r = x % 4294967296
return r + (x - r) / 4294967296
end
function ROR(x, n)
x = x % 4294967296 / 2^n
local r = x % 1
return r * 4294967296 + (x - r)
end
local AND_of_two_bytes = {} -- look-up table (256*256 entries)
for idx = 0, 65535 do
local x = idx % 256
local y = (idx - x) / 256
local res = 0
local w = 1
while x * y ~= 0 do
local rx = x % 2
local ry = y % 2
res = res + rx * ry * w
x = (x - rx) / 2
y = (y - ry) / 2
w = w * 2
end
AND_of_two_bytes[idx] = res
end
local function and_or_xor(x, y, operation)
-- operation: nil = AND, 1 = OR, 2 = XOR
local x0 = x % 4294967296
local y0 = y % 4294967296
local rx = x0 % 256
local ry = y0 % 256
local res = AND_of_two_bytes[rx + ry * 256]
x = x0 - rx
y = (y0 - ry) / 256
rx = x % 65536
ry = y % 256
res = res + AND_of_two_bytes[rx + ry] * 256
x = (x - rx) / 256
y = (y - ry) / 256
rx = x % 65536 + y % 256
res = res + AND_of_two_bytes[rx] * 65536
res = res + AND_of_two_bytes[(x + y - rx) / 256] * 16777216
if operation then
res = x0 + y0 - operation * res
end
return res
end
function AND(x, y)
return and_or_xor(x, y)
end
function OR(x, y)
return and_or_xor(x, y, 1)
end
function XOR(x, y, z) -- 2 or 3 arguments
if z then
y = and_or_xor(y, z, 2)
end
return and_or_xor(x, y, 2)
end
function HEX(x)
return string_format("%08x", x % 4294967296)
end
-- Arrays of SHA2 "magic numbers"
local sha2_K_lo, sha2_K_hi, sha2_H_lo, sha2_H_hi = {}, {}, {}, {}
local sha2_H_ext256 = {[224] = {}, [256] = sha2_H_hi}
local sha2_H_ext512_lo, sha2_H_ext512_hi = {[384] = {}, [512] = sha2_H_lo}, {[384] = {}, [512] = sha2_H_hi}
local common_W = {} -- a temporary table shared between all calculations
local function sha256_feed_64(H, K, str, W, offs, size)
-- offs >= 0, size >= 0, size is multiple of 64
for pos = offs, size + offs - 1, 64 do
for j = 1, 16 do
pos = pos + 4
local a, b, c, d = byte(str, pos - 3, pos)
W[j] = ((a * 256 + b) * 256 + c) * 256 + d
end
for j = 17, 64 do
local a, b = W[j-15], W[j-2]
W[j] = XOR(ROR(a, 7), ROL(a, 14), SHR(a, 3)) + XOR(ROL(b, 15), ROL(b, 13), SHR(b, 10)) + W[j-7] + W[j-16]
end
local a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, z = H[1], H[2], H[3], H[4], H[5], H[6], H[7], H[8]
for j = 1, 64 do
z = XOR(ROR(e, 6), ROR(e, 11), ROL(e, 7)) + AND(e, f) + AND(-1-e, g) + h + K[j] + W[j]
h = g
g = f
f = e
e = z + d
d = c
c = b
b = a
a = z + AND(d, c) + AND(a, XOR(d, c)) + XOR(ROR(a, 2), ROR(a, 13), ROL(a, 10))
end
H[1], H[2], H[3], H[4] = (a + H[1]) % 4294967296, (b + H[2]) % 4294967296, (c + H[3]) % 4294967296, (d + H[4]) % 4294967296
H[5], H[6], H[7], H[8] = (e + H[5]) % 4294967296, (f + H[6]) % 4294967296, (g + H[7]) % 4294967296, (h + H[8]) % 4294967296
end
end
local function sha512_feed_128(H_lo, H_hi, K_lo, K_hi, str, W, offs, size)
-- offs >= 0, size >= 0, size is multiple of 128
-- W1_hi, W1_lo, W2_hi, W2_lo, ... Wk_hi = W[2*k-1], Wk_lo = W[2*k]
for pos = offs, size + offs - 1, 128 do
for j = 1, 32 do
pos = pos + 4
local a, b, c, d = byte(str, pos - 3, pos)
W[j] = ((a * 256 + b) * 256 + c) * 256 + d
end
local tmp1, tmp2
for jj = 17 * 2, 80 * 2, 2 do
local a_lo, a_hi, b_lo, b_hi = W[jj-30], W[jj-31], W[jj-4], W[jj-5]
tmp1 = XOR(SHR(a_lo, 1) + SHL(a_hi, 31), SHR(a_lo, 8) + SHL(a_hi, 24), SHR(a_lo, 7) + SHL(a_hi, 25)) + XOR(SHR(b_lo, 19) + SHL(b_hi, 13), SHL(b_lo, 3) + SHR(b_hi, 29), SHR(b_lo, 6) + SHL(b_hi, 26)) + W[jj-14] + W[jj-32]
tmp2 = tmp1 % 4294967296
W[jj-1] = XOR(SHR(a_hi, 1) + SHL(a_lo, 31), SHR(a_hi, 8) + SHL(a_lo, 24), SHR(a_hi, 7)) + XOR(SHR(b_hi, 19) + SHL(b_lo, 13), SHL(b_hi, 3) + SHR(b_lo, 29), SHR(b_hi, 6)) + W[jj-15] + W[jj-33] + (tmp1 - tmp2) / 4294967296
W[jj] = tmp2
end
local a_lo, b_lo, c_lo, d_lo, e_lo, f_lo, g_lo, h_lo, z_lo = H_lo[1], H_lo[2], H_lo[3], H_lo[4], H_lo[5], H_lo[6], H_lo[7], H_lo[8]
local a_hi, b_hi, c_hi, d_hi, e_hi, f_hi, g_hi, h_hi, z_hi = H_hi[1], H_hi[2], H_hi[3], H_hi[4], H_hi[5], H_hi[6], H_hi[7], H_hi[8]
for j = 1, 80 do
local jj = 2 * j
tmp1 = XOR(SHR(e_lo, 14) + SHL(e_hi, 18), SHR(e_lo, 18) + SHL(e_hi, 14), SHL(e_lo, 23) + SHR(e_hi, 9)) + AND(e_lo, f_lo) + AND(-1-e_lo, g_lo) + h_lo + K_lo[j] + W[jj]
z_lo = tmp1 % 4294967296
z_hi = XOR(SHR(e_hi, 14) + SHL(e_lo, 18), SHR(e_hi, 18) + SHL(e_lo, 14), SHL(e_hi, 23) + SHR(e_lo, 9)) + AND(e_hi, f_hi) + AND(-1-e_hi, g_hi) + h_hi + K_hi[j] + W[jj-1] + (tmp1 - z_lo) / 4294967296
h_lo = g_lo
h_hi = g_hi
g_lo = f_lo
g_hi = f_hi
f_lo = e_lo
f_hi = e_hi
tmp1 = z_lo + d_lo
e_lo = tmp1 % 4294967296
e_hi = z_hi + d_hi + (tmp1 - e_lo) / 4294967296
d_lo = c_lo
d_hi = c_hi
c_lo = b_lo
c_hi = b_hi
b_lo = a_lo
b_hi = a_hi
tmp1 = z_lo + AND(d_lo, c_lo) + AND(b_lo, XOR(d_lo, c_lo)) + XOR(SHR(b_lo, 28) + SHL(b_hi, 4), SHL(b_lo, 30) + SHR(b_hi, 2), SHL(b_lo, 25) + SHR(b_hi, 7))
a_lo = tmp1 % 4294967296
a_hi = z_hi + (AND(d_hi, c_hi) + AND(b_hi, XOR(d_hi, c_hi))) + XOR(SHR(b_hi, 28) + SHL(b_lo, 4), SHL(b_hi, 30) + SHR(b_lo, 2), SHL(b_hi, 25) + SHR(b_lo, 7)) + (tmp1 - a_lo) / 4294967296
end
tmp1 = H_lo[1] + a_lo
tmp2 = tmp1 % 4294967296
H_lo[1], H_hi[1] = tmp2, (H_hi[1] + a_hi + (tmp1 - tmp2) / 4294967296) % 4294967296
tmp1 = H_lo[2] + b_lo
tmp2 = tmp1 % 4294967296
H_lo[2], H_hi[2] = tmp2, (H_hi[2] + b_hi + (tmp1 - tmp2) / 4294967296) % 4294967296
tmp1 = H_lo[3] + c_lo
tmp2 = tmp1 % 4294967296
H_lo[3], H_hi[3] = tmp2, (H_hi[3] + c_hi + (tmp1 - tmp2) / 4294967296) % 4294967296
tmp1 = H_lo[4] + d_lo
tmp2 = tmp1 % 4294967296
H_lo[4], H_hi[4] = tmp2, (H_hi[4] + d_hi + (tmp1 - tmp2) / 4294967296) % 4294967296
tmp1 = H_lo[5] + e_lo
tmp2 = tmp1 % 4294967296
H_lo[5], H_hi[5] = tmp2, (H_hi[5] + e_hi + (tmp1 - tmp2) / 4294967296) % 4294967296
tmp1 = H_lo[6] + f_lo
tmp2 = tmp1 % 4294967296
H_lo[6], H_hi[6] = tmp2, (H_hi[6] + f_hi + (tmp1 - tmp2) / 4294967296) % 4294967296
tmp1 = H_lo[7] + g_lo
tmp2 = tmp1 % 4294967296
H_lo[7], H_hi[7] = tmp2, (H_hi[7] + g_hi + (tmp1 - tmp2) / 4294967296) % 4294967296
tmp1 = H_lo[8] + h_lo
tmp2 = tmp1 % 4294967296
H_lo[8], H_hi[8] = tmp2, (H_hi[8] + h_hi + (tmp1 - tmp2) / 4294967296) % 4294967296
end
end
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- CALCULATING THE MAGIC NUMBERS (roots of primes)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
do
local function mul(src1, src2, factor, result_length)
-- Long arithmetic multiplication: src1 * src2 * factor
-- src1, src2 - long integers (arrays of digits in base 2^24)
-- factor - short integer
local result = {}
local carry = 0
local value = 0.0
local weight = 1.0
for j = 1, result_length do
local prod = 0
for k = max(1, j + 1 - #src2), min(j, #src1) do
prod = prod + src1[k] * src2[j + 1 - k]
end
carry = carry + prod * factor
local digit = carry % 16777216
result[j] = digit
carry = floor(carry / 16777216)
value = value + digit * weight
weight = weight * 2^24
end
return
result, -- long integer
value -- and its floating point approximation
end
local idx, step, p, one = 0, {4, 1, 2, -2, 2}, 4, {1}
local sqrt_hi, sqrt_lo, idx_disp = sha2_H_hi, sha2_H_lo, 0
repeat
p = p + step[p % 6]
local d = 1
repeat
d = d + step[d % 6]
if d * d > p then
idx = idx + 1
local root = p^(1/3)
local R = mul({floor(root * 2^40)}, one, 1, 2)
local _, delta = mul(R, mul(R, R, 1, 4), -1, 4)
local hi = R[2] % 65536 * 65536 + floor(R[1] / 256)
local lo = R[1] % 256 * 16777216 + floor(delta * (2^-56 / 3) * root / p)
sha2_K_hi[idx], sha2_K_lo[idx] = hi, lo
if idx < 17 then
root = p^(1/2)
R = mul({floor(root * 2^40)}, one, 1, 2)
_, delta = mul(R, R, -1, 2)
hi = R[2] % 65536 * 65536 + floor(R[1] / 256)
lo = R[1] % 256 * 16777216 + floor(delta * 2^-17 / root)
sha2_H_ext256[224][idx + idx_disp] = lo
sqrt_hi[idx + idx_disp], sqrt_lo[idx + idx_disp] = hi, lo
if idx == 8 then
sqrt_hi, sqrt_lo, idx_disp = sha2_H_ext512_hi[384], sha2_H_ext512_lo[384], -8
end
end
break
end
until p % d == 0
until idx > 79
end
-- Calculating IV for SHA512/224 and SHA512/256
for width = 224, 256, 32 do
local H_lo, H_hi = {}, {}
for j = 1, 8 do
H_lo[j] = XOR(sha2_H_lo[j], 0xa5a5a5a5)
H_hi[j] = XOR(sha2_H_hi[j], 0xa5a5a5a5)
end
sha512_feed_128(H_lo, H_hi, sha2_K_lo, sha2_K_hi, "SHA-512/"..tonumber(width).."\128"..string_rep("\0", 115).."\88", common_W, 0, 128)
sha2_H_ext512_lo[width] = H_lo
sha2_H_ext512_hi[width] = H_hi
end
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- FINAL FUNCTIONS
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
local function sha256ext(width, text)
-- Create an instance (private objects for current calculation)
local H, length, tail = {unpack(sha2_H_ext256[width])}, 0, ""
local function partial(text_part)
if text_part then
if tail then
length = length + #text_part
local offs = 0
if tail ~= "" and #tail + #text_part >= 64 then
offs = 64 - #tail
sha256_feed_64(H, sha2_K_hi, tail..sub(text_part, 1, offs), common_W, 0, 64)
tail = ""
end
local size = #text_part - offs
local size_tail = size % 64
sha256_feed_64(H, sha2_K_hi, text_part, common_W, offs, size - size_tail)
tail = tail..sub(text_part, #text_part + 1 - size_tail)
return partial
else
error("Adding more chunks is not allowed after asking for final result", 2)
end
else
if tail then
local final_blocks = {tail, "\128", string_rep("\0", (-9 - length) % 64 + 1)}
tail = nil
-- Assuming user data length is shorter than 2^53 bytes
-- Anyway, it looks very unrealistic that one would spend enough time to process a 2^53 bytes of data by using this Lua script :-)
-- 2^53 bytes = 2^56 bits, so "bit-counter" fits in 7 bytes
length = length * (8 / 256^7) -- convert "byte-counter" to "bit-counter" and move floating point to the left
for j = 4, 10 do
length = length % 1 * 256
final_blocks[j] = char(floor(length))
end
final_blocks = table_concat(final_blocks)
sha256_feed_64(H, sha2_K_hi, final_blocks, common_W, 0, #final_blocks)
local max_reg = width / 32
for j = 1, max_reg do
H[j] = HEX(H[j])
end
H = table_concat(H, "", 1, max_reg)
end
return H
end
end
if text then
-- Actually perform calculations and return the SHA256 digest of a message
return partial(text)()
else
-- Return function for partial chunk loading
-- User should feed every chunks of input data as single argument to this function and receive SHA256 digest by invoking this function without an argument
return partial
end
end
local function sha512ext(width, text)
-- Create an instance (private objects for current calculation)
local length, tail, H_lo, H_hi = 0, "", {unpack(sha2_H_ext512_lo[width])}, {unpack(sha2_H_ext512_hi[width])}
local function partial(text_part)
if text_part then
if tail then
length = length + #text_part
local offs = 0
if tail ~= "" and #tail + #text_part >= 128 then
offs = 128 - #tail
sha512_feed_128(H_lo, H_hi, sha2_K_lo, sha2_K_hi, tail..sub(text_part, 1, offs), common_W, 0, 128)
tail = ""
end
local size = #text_part - offs
local size_tail = size % 128
sha512_feed_128(H_lo, H_hi, sha2_K_lo, sha2_K_hi, text_part, common_W, offs, size - size_tail)
tail = tail..sub(text_part, #text_part + 1 - size_tail)
return partial
else
error("Adding more chunks is not allowed after asking for final result", 2)
end
else
if tail then
local final_blocks = {tail, "\128", string_rep("\0", (-17-length) % 128 + 9)}
tail = nil
-- Assuming user data length is shorter than 2^53 bytes
-- 2^53 bytes = 2^56 bits, so "bit-counter" fits in 7 bytes
length = length * (8 / 256^7) -- convert "byte-counter" to "bit-counter" and move floating point to the left
for j = 4, 10 do
length = length % 1 * 256
final_blocks[j] = char(floor(length))
end
final_blocks = table_concat(final_blocks)
sha512_feed_128(H_lo, H_hi, sha2_K_lo, sha2_K_hi, final_blocks, common_W, 0, #final_blocks)
local max_reg = ceil(width / 64)
for j = 1, max_reg do
H_lo[j] = HEX(H_hi[j])..HEX(H_lo[j])
end
H_hi = nil
H_lo = table_concat(H_lo, "", 1, max_reg):sub(1, width / 4)
end
return H_lo
end
end
if text then
-- Actually perform calculations and return the SHA256 digest of a message
return partial(text)()
else
-- Return function for partial chunk loading
-- User should feed every chunks of input data as single argument to this function and receive SHA256 digest by invoking this function without an argument
return partial
end
end
local sha2for51 = {
sha224 = function (text) return sha256ext(224, text) end, -- SHA-224
sha256 = function (text) return sha256ext(256, text) end, -- SHA-256
sha384 = function (text) return sha512ext(384, text) end, -- SHA-384
sha512 = function (text) return sha512ext(512, text) end, -- SHA-512
sha512_224 = function (text) return sha512ext(224, text) end, -- SHA-512/224
sha512_256 = function (text) return sha512ext(256, text) end, -- SHA-512/256
}
return sha2for51
File sha2for51_test.lua
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- TESTS
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
local sha2 = require"sha2for51"
local function test_sha256()
local sha256 = sha2.sha256
-- some test strings
assert(sha256("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog") == "d7a8fbb307d7809469ca9abcb0082e4f8d5651e46d3cdb762d02d0bf37c9e592")
assert(sha256("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy cog") == "e4c4d8f3bf76b692de791a173e05321150f7a345b46484fe427f6acc7ecc81be")
assert(sha256("abc") == "ba7816bf8f01cfea414140de5dae2223b00361a396177a9cb410ff61f20015ad")
assert(sha256("123456") == "8d969eef6ecad3c29a3a629280e686cf0c3f5d5a86aff3ca12020c923adc6c92")
assert(sha256("abcdbcdecdefdefgefghfghighijhijkijkljklmklmnlmnomnopnopq") == "248d6a61d20638b8e5c026930c3e6039a33ce45964ff2167f6ecedd419db06c1")
assert(sha256("abcdefghbcdefghicdefghijdefghijkefghijklfghijklmghijklmnhijklmnoijklmnopjklmnopqklmnopqrlmnopqrsmnopqrstnopqrstu") == "cf5b16a778af8380036ce59e7b0492370b249b11e8f07a51afac45037afee9d1")
-- chunk-by-chunk loading: sha256("string") == sha256()("st")("ri")("ng")()
local append_next_chunk = sha256() -- create a private closure for calculating digest of single string
append_next_chunk("The quick brown fox")
append_next_chunk(" jumps ")
append_next_chunk("") -- chunk may be empty string
append_next_chunk("over the lazy dog")
assert(append_next_chunk() == "d7a8fbb307d7809469ca9abcb0082e4f8d5651e46d3cdb762d02d0bf37c9e592") -- asking for final result (invocation without an argument)
assert(append_next_chunk() == "d7a8fbb307d7809469ca9abcb0082e4f8d5651e46d3cdb762d02d0bf37c9e592") -- you can ask the same result multiple times if needed
-- append_next_chunk("more text") will fail here: no more chunks are allowed after receiving the result, the closure is useless now, let it be GC-ed
assert(not pcall(append_next_chunk, "more text"))
-- one-liner is possible due to "append_next_chunk(chunk)" returns the function "append_next_chunk"
assert(sha256()("The quick brown fox")(" jumps ")("")("over the lazy dog")() == "d7a8fbb307d7809469ca9abcb0082e4f8d5651e46d3cdb762d02d0bf37c9e592")
-- empty string
assert(sha256("") == "e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855")
assert(sha256()() == "e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855")
-- computations of different strings don't interfere with each other
local chunk_for_digits = sha256()
chunk_for_digits("123")
local chunk_for_fox = sha256()
chunk_for_fox("The quick brown fox jumps ")
chunk_for_digits("45")
chunk_for_fox("over the lazy dog")
chunk_for_digits("6")
assert(chunk_for_digits() == "8d969eef6ecad3c29a3a629280e686cf0c3f5d5a86aff3ca12020c923adc6c92")
assert(chunk_for_fox() == "d7a8fbb307d7809469ca9abcb0082e4f8d5651e46d3cdb762d02d0bf37c9e592")
-- "00...0\n"
for i, dgst in pairs{ -- from 50 to 70 zeroes
[50] = "9660acb8046abf46cf27280e61abd174ebac98ad6855e093772b78df85523129",
[51] = "31e1c552b357ace9bcb924691799a3c0d3aa10d8b428d9de28a278e3c79ecb7b",
[52] = "0be5c4bcb6f47e30c13515594dbef4faa3a6485af67c177179fee8b33cd4f2a0",
[53] = "d368c7f6038c1743bdbfe6a9c3a72d4e6916aa219ed8d559766c9e8f9845f3b8",
[54] = "7080a4aa6ff030ae152fe610a62ee29464f92afeb176474551a69d35aab154a0",
[55] = "149c1cda81fa9359c0c2a5e405ca972986f1d53e05f6282871dd1581046b3f44",
[56] = "eb2d4d41948ce546c8adff07ee97342070c5b89789f616a33efe52c7d3ec73d4",
[57] = "c831db596ccbbf248023461b1c05d3ae084bcc79bcb2626c5ec179fb34371f2a",
[58] = "1345b8a930737b1069bbf9b891ce095850f6cdba6e25874ea526a2ccb611fe46",
[59] = "380ad21e466885fae080ceeada75ac04944687e626e161c0b24e91af3eec2def",
[60] = "b9ab06fa30ef8531c5eee11651aa86f8279a245e0a3c29bf6228c59475cc610a",
[61] = "bcc187de6605d9e11a0cc6edf02b67fb651fe1779ec59438788093d8e376c07c",
[62] = "ae0b3681157b83b34de8591d2453915e40c3105ae79434e241d82d4035218e01",
[63] = "68a27b4735f6806fb5983c1805a23797aa93ea06e0ebcb6daada2ea1ab5a05af",
[64] = "827d096d92f3deeaa0e8070d79f45beb176768e57a958a1cd325f5f4b754b048",
[65] = "6c7bd8ec0fe9b4e05a2d27dd5e41a8687a9716a2e8926bdfa141266b12942ec1",
[66] = "2f4b4c41017a2ddd1cc8cd75478a82e9452e445d4242f09782535376d6f4ba50",
[67] = "b777b86e005807a446ead00986fcbf3bdd6c022524deabf017eeb3f0c30b6eed",
[68] = "777da331f60c793f582e4ca33223778218ddfd241981f15be5886171fb8301b5",
[69] = "06ed0c4cbf7d2b38de5f01eab2d2cd552d9cb87f97b714b96bb7a9d1b6117c6d",
[70] = "e82223344d5f3c024514cfbe6d478b5df98bb878f34d7a07e7b064fa7fa91946"
} do
assert(sha256(("0"):rep(i).."\n") == dgst)
end
-- "aa...a"
assert(sha256(("a"):rep(55)) == "9f4390f8d30c2dd92ec9f095b65e2b9ae9b0a925a5258e241c9f1e910f734318")
assert(sha256(("a"):rep(56)) == "b35439a4ac6f0948b6d6f9e3c6af0f5f590ce20f1bde7090ef7970686ec6738a")
-- "aa...a\n" in chunk-by-chunk mode
local next_chunk = sha256()
for i = 1, 65 do
next_chunk("a")
end
next_chunk("\n")
assert(next_chunk() == "574883a9977284a46845620eaa55c3fa8209eaa3ebffe44774b6eb2dba2cb325")
local function split_and_calculate_sha256(s, len) -- split string s in chunks of length len
local next_chunk = sha256()
for idx = 1, #s, len do
next_chunk(s:sub(idx, idx + len - 1))
end
return next_chunk()
end
-- "00...0\n00...0\n...00...0\n" (80 lines of 80 zeroes each) in chunk-by-chunk mode with different chunk lengths
local s = (("0"):rep(80).."\n"):rep(80)
assert(split_and_calculate_sha256(s, 1) == "736c7a8b17e2cfd44a3267a844db1a8a3e8988d739e3e95b8dd32678fb599139")
assert(split_and_calculate_sha256(s, 2) == "736c7a8b17e2cfd44a3267a844db1a8a3e8988d739e3e95b8dd32678fb599139")
assert(split_and_calculate_sha256(s, 7) == "736c7a8b17e2cfd44a3267a844db1a8a3e8988d739e3e95b8dd32678fb599139")
assert(split_and_calculate_sha256(s, 70) == "736c7a8b17e2cfd44a3267a844db1a8a3e8988d739e3e95b8dd32678fb599139")
end
local function test_sha512()
local sha512 = sha2.sha512
assert(sha512("abc") == "ddaf35a193617abacc417349ae20413112e6fa4e89a97ea20a9eeee64b55d39a2192992a274fc1a836ba3c23a3feebbd454d4423643ce80e2a9ac94fa54ca49f")
assert(sha512("abcdefghbcdefghicdefghijdefghijkefghijklfghijklmghijklmnhijklmnoijklmnopjklmnopqklmnopqrlmnopqrsmnopqrstnopqrstu") ==
"8e959b75dae313da8cf4f72814fc143f8f7779c6eb9f7fa17299aeadb6889018501d289e4900f7e4331b99dec4b5433ac7d329eeb6dd26545e96e55b874be909")
-- "aa...a"
for i, dgst in pairs{ -- from 109 to 116 letters "a"
[109] = "0cda6b04d9466bb7f3995c16732e1347f29c23a64fe0b085fadba0995644cc5aa71587423c274c10e09518310c5f866cfaceb229fabb574219f12182eb114182",
[110] = "c825949632e509824543f7eaf159fb6041722fce3c1cdcbb613b3d37ff107c519417baac32f8e74fe29d7f4823bf6886956603dca5354a6ed6e4a542e06b7d28",
[111] = "fa9121c7b32b9e01733d034cfc78cbf67f926c7ed83e82200ef86818196921760b4beff48404df811b953828274461673c68d04e297b0eb7b2b4d60fc6b566a2",
[112] = "c01d080efd492776a1c43bd23dd99d0a2e626d481e16782e75d54c2503b5dc32bd05f0f1ba33e568b88fd2d970929b719ecbb152f58f130a407c8830604b70ca",
[113] = "55ddd8ac210a6e18ba1ee055af84c966e0dbff091c43580ae1be703bdb85da31acf6948cf5bd90c55a20e5450f22fb89bd8d0085e39f85a86cc46abbca75e24d",
[114] = "5e9eb0e4b270d086e77eeaf3ce8b1cfc615031b8c463dc34f5c139786f274f22accb4d89e8f40d1a0c2acc84c4dc0f2bab390a9d9495493bd617ed004271bb64",
[115] = "eaa30f93760743ac7d0a6cb8ed5ef3b30c59097bc44d0ec337344301deba9fb92b20c488d55de415f6aaed0df4925b42894b81d2e1cde89d91ec7f6cc67262b4",
[116] = "a8bff469314a1ce0c990bb3fd539d92accb6249cc674b559bc9d3898b7a126fee597197fa42c971443470053c7d7f54b09371a59b0f7af87b1917c5347e8f8e0",
} do
assert(sha512(("a"):rep(i)) == dgst)
end
end
local function all_tests_sha2()
test_sha256()
assert(sha2.sha224"abc" == "23097d223405d8228642a477bda255b32aadbce4bda0b3f7e36c9da7")
assert(sha2.sha224"abcdbcdecdefdefgefghfghighijhijkijkljklmklmnlmnomnopnopq" == "75388b16512776cc5dba5da1fd890150b0c6455cb4f58b1952522525")
test_sha512()
assert(sha2.sha384"abc" == "cb00753f45a35e8bb5a03d699ac65007272c32ab0eded1631a8b605a43ff5bed8086072ba1e7cc2358baeca134c825a7")
assert(sha2.sha384"abcdefghbcdefghicdefghijdefghijkefghijklfghijklmghijklmnhijklmnoijklmnopjklmnopqklmnopqrlmnopqrsmnopqrstnopqrstu" == "09330c33f71147e83d192fc782cd1b4753111b173b3b05d22fa08086e3b0f712fcc7c71a557e2db966c3e9fa91746039")
assert(sha2.sha512_224"abc" == "4634270f707b6a54daae7530460842e20e37ed265ceee9a43e8924aa")
assert(sha2.sha512_224"abcdefghbcdefghicdefghijdefghijkefghijklfghijklmghijklmnhijklmnoijklmnopjklmnopqklmnopqrlmnopqrsmnopqrstnopqrstu" == "23fec5bb94d60b23308192640b0c453335d664734fe40e7268674af9")
assert(sha2.sha512_256"abc" == "53048e2681941ef99b2e29b76b4c7dabe4c2d0c634fc6d46e0e2f13107e7af23")
assert(sha2.sha512_256"abcdefghbcdefghicdefghijdefghijkefghijklfghijklmghijklmnhijklmnoijklmnopjklmnopqklmnopqrlmnopqrsmnopqrstnopqrstu" == "3928e184fb8690f840da3988121d31be65cb9d3ef83ee6146feac861e19b563a")
print"All tests passed"
end
all_tests_sha2()
local function benchmark()
print("Benchmarking (calculating SHA512 of 1MByte string of letters 'a')...")
local time_intervals = {}
local length = 2^20
local part = ("a"):rep(2^12)
local N = length/#part
local result
local k = 2
for j = 1, 2*k-1 do
local clk0 = os.clock()
local x = sha2.sha512()
for j = 1, N do
x(part)
end
result = x()
time_intervals[j] = os.clock() - clk0
end
--print("Result = "..result)
-- get median time
table.sort(time_intervals)
print('CPU seconds:', time_intervals[k])
end
benchmark() -- about 15 seconds per megabyte

how do you take a decimal to a fraction in lua with no added libraries?

i am working on a calculator running in pure lua but i need help with making the out put decimals in to fractions
This solution uses continued fraction to exactly restore fractions with denominator up to 107
local function to_frac(num)
local W = math.floor(num)
local F = num - W
local pn, n, N = 0, 1
local pd, d, D = 1, 0
local x, err, q, Q
repeat
x = x and 1 / (x - q) or F
q, Q = math.floor(x), math.floor(x + 0.5)
pn, n, N = n, q*n + pn, Q*n + pn
pd, d, D = d, q*d + pd, Q*d + pd
err = F - N/D
until math.abs(err) < 1e-15
return N + D*W, D, err
end
local function print_frac(numer,denom)
print(string.format("%.14g/%d = %d/%d + %g", numer, denom, to_frac(numer/denom)))
end
print_frac(1, 4) --> 1/4 = 1/4 + 0
print_frac(12, 8) --> 12/8 = 3/2 + 0
print_frac(4, 2) --> 4/2 = 2/1 + 0
print_frac(16, 11) --> 16/11 = 16/11 + 5.55112e-17
print_frac(1, 13) --> 1/13 = 1/13 + 0
print_frac(math.sqrt(3), 1) --> 1.7320508075689/1 = 50843527/29354524 + -4.44089e-16
print_frac(math.pi, 1) --> 3.1415926535898/1 = 80143857/25510582 + 4.44089e-16
print_frac(0, 3) --> 0/3 = 0/1 + 0
print_frac(-10, 3) --> -10/3 = -10/3 + -1.11022e-16
This is not possible. You need a class which stores fractions for that.
You can achieve an approximate solution. It works nicely for things that can be expressed as fraction and blows up for everything else
local function gcd(a, b)
while a ~= 0 do
a, b = b%a, a;
end
return b;
end
local function round(a)
return math.floor(a+.5)
end
function to_frac(num)
local integer = math.floor(num)
local decimal = num - integer
if decimal == 0 then
return num, 1.0, 0.0
end
local prec = 1000000000
local gcd_ = gcd(round(decimal*prec), prec)
local numer = math.floor((integer*prec + round(decimal*prec))/gcd_)
local denom = math.floor(prec/gcd_)
local err = numer/denom - num
return numer, denom, err
end
function print_frac(numer,denom)
print(string.format("%d/%d = %d/%d + %g", numer, denom, to_frac(numer/denom)))
end
print_frac(1,4)
print_frac(12,8)
print_frac(4,2)
print_frac(16,11)
print_frac(1,13)
Output:
1/4 = 1/4 + 0
12/8 = 3/2 + 0
4/2 = 2/1 + 0
16/11 = 290909091/200000000 + 4.54546e-10
1/13 = 76923077/1000000000 + 7.69231e-11

Lua (Lapis) random values returns the same result even using randomseed

At first, I use this:
math.randomseed(os.time())
This function to check:
function makeString(l)
if l < 1 then return nil end
local s = ""
for i = 0, l do
n = math.random(0, 61)--61
n0 = 0
if n < 10 then n0 = n + 48
elseif n < 36 then n0 = n - 10 + 65
else n0 = n - 36 + 97 end
s = s .. string.char(n0)
end
return s
end
If I use this function:
app:match("/tttt", function()
local ss = ""
for i=1,10 do ss = ss .. makeString(30) .. "\n" end
return ss
end)
I receive good different values.
If I use this:
app:match("/ttt", function()
return makeString(30)
end)
and JavaScript jQuery,
:
$("#button5").click(function(){
var ss = ""
for(var i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
$("#div1").load("/ttt", function() {
ss = ss + $(this).text()
alert(ss);
});
}
$("#div1").text(ss);
});
I recieve the same random strings every one second.
How to fix it? I tried to create database with different random data but I recieve the same strings!!! This is just example I wrote but filling the database gives the same result!##%%
Any ideas to fix it?
I found that this is "feature" of lua to generate random using seconds. Use this link to read more: http://lua-users.org/wiki/MathLibraryTutorial
But the solution which can help is to user /dev/urandom
The link to describe:
http://lua-users.org/lists/lua-l/2008-05/msg00498.html
In my case example:
local frandom = io.open("/dev/urandom", "rb")
local makeString
makeString = function(l)
local d = frandom:read(4)
math.randomseed(d:byte(1) + (d:byte(2) * 256) + (d:byte(3) * 65536) + (d:byte(4) * 4294967296))
if l < 1 then return nil end
local s = ""
for i = 0, l do
local n = math.random(0, 61)
n0 = 0
if n < 10 then n0 = n + 48
elseif n < 36 then n0 = n - 10 + 65
else n0 = n - 36 + 97 end
s = s .. string.char(n0)
end
return s
end

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