Docker Healthcheck doesn't work (always unhealthy) - docker

Question

I'm a bit new to docker and it's the first time I'm trying to add healthcheck.
The docker application I'm using is the example from here:
https://docs.docker.com/get-started/02_our_app/
I simply followed the steps to get a container with a service that runs locally on port 3000. I browsed to http://localhost:3000 and it does work.
The Dockerfile before any changes I've made:
# syntax=docker/dockerfile:1
FROM node:12-alpine
RUN apk add --no-cache python g++ make
WORKDIR /app
COPY . .
RUN yarn install --production
CMD ["node", "src/index.js"]
And the original command to run the docker:
docker run -dp 3000:3000 getting-started
Then, I tried to add a healthcheck in a few ways.
First way: I changed the Dockerfile as follows, then re-build and re-ran:
# syntax=docker/dockerfile:1
FROM node:12-alpine
HEALTHCHECK --interval=3s --timeout=1s CMD curl --fail http://localhost:3000 || exit 1
RUN apk add --no-cache python g++ make
WORKDIR /app
COPY . .
RUN yarn install --production
CMD ["node", "src/index.js"]
Second way: I changed the run command as follows:
docker run -dp 3000:3000 --health-cmd "curl --fail http://localhost:3000 || exit 1" getting-started
In both cases, I checked the health status using docker ps, and after it ended the "health: starting" phase, it always entered the "unhealthy" phase. Never "healthy".
In both cases, I made sure that http://localhost:3000 works and returns HTTP status 200.
While experimenting in all sorts of ways, I tried to remove the || exit 1 part but it did not help. I tried to replace it with || exit 0, and then indeed it displayed "healthy", but that doesn't really mean anything.
Does anyone have any idea what am I doing wrong? I need to do something more complex with healthcheck, but for starters I want to succeed in making it work for a simple thing.
More details:
I'm using Windows 10 Enterprise Version 20H2, Docker version 20.10.7, build f0df350. I'm running the commands from Git Bash.