I want to lay a View over another when I tap a button.
The following is my code:
import SwiftUI
struct SheetView: View {
#State private var showSheet: Bool = false
var body: some View {
NavigationView {
VStack {
ZStack {
Rectangle()
.fill(Color.orange)
.frame(height: 32.0)
Button("Please select a mailing address") {
showSheet.toggle()
}.foregroundColor(Color.black)
}
Spacer()
}
.navigationBarTitleDisplayMode(.inline)
.navigationViewStyle(StackNavigationViewStyle())
}
.overlay(popOver)
}
var popOver: some View {
Group {
if showSheet {
ZStack {
Color.black.opacity(0.4).ignoresSafeArea()
ZStack {
Rectangle()
.fill(Color.white)
//.frame(width: UIScreen.main.bounds.width, height: 400)
.frame(maxWidth: .infinity, maxHeight: 320.0, alignment: .bottom)
//.position(x: UIScreen.main.bounds.width / 2.0, y: 600)
}
}.onTapGesture {
showSheet.toggle()
}
}
}
}
}
And it looks like the following picture. I get pretty much what I need except that the overlaid View will appear at the center. How can I make it appear, aligning to the bottom View?
Here is a fix - use alignment for internal ZStack (tested with Xcode 13.2 / iOS 15.2):
ZStack(alignment: .bottom) {
Color.black.opacity(0.4).ignoresSafeArea()
ZStack {
Rectangle()
.fill(Color.white)
.frame(maxWidth: .infinity, maxHeight: 320.0, alignment: .bottom)
}
}
//.ignoresSafeArea() // << probably you also need this
.onTapGesture {
showSheet.toggle()
}
i want to toggle the height of a view when I press a button. I tried several things:
Button with transition (but I think this solution isn't good)
A Slider which one changes the height (like I want it, but I want to toggle between two values)
Here my current Swift File:
import SwiftUI
struct TextView2: View {
#State private var ChangeFrame2 = false
#State private var height: Double = 200
var body: some View {
if ChangeFrame2 {
Text("Hello, world!")
.frame(minWidth: 0, maxWidth: .infinity, minHeight: 0, maxHeight: 400)
.font(.largeTitle)
.foregroundColor(.white)
.background(Color.red)
.transition(.move(edge: .top))
} else {
Text("Hello, world!")
.frame(minWidth: 0, maxWidth: .infinity, minHeight: 0, maxHeight: height)
.font(.largeTitle)
.foregroundColor(.white)
.background(Color.green)
.transition(.move(edge: .top))
}
Button("Press to show details") {
withAnimation(.easeInOut(duration: 1.00)) {
ChangeFrame2.toggle()
}
}
Slider(value: $height, in: 10...500)
Text("\(height, specifier: "%.0f") Height")
}
}
I also tried the following:
.background(ChangeFrame2 ? (maxHeight: 400) : (maxHeight: 600))
but it doesn't work. Thank you :)
You can just have one Text view, using the ternary operator to decide the height and background color.
The problem is that when you use if, the two views now have different identities which breaks animations. You also have an unwanted move transition.
Code:
struct TextView: View {
#State private var changeFrame = false
#State private var height: Double = 200
var body: some View {
VStack {
Text("Hello, world!")
.frame(height: changeFrame ? 400 : height)
.frame(maxWidth: .infinity)
.font(.largeTitle)
.foregroundColor(.white)
.background(changeFrame ? Color.red : Color.green)
Button("Press to show details") {
withAnimation(.easeInOut(duration: 1)) {
changeFrame.toggle()
}
}
Slider(value: $height, in: 10...500)
Text("\(height, specifier: "%.0f") Height")
}
}
}
Result:
I embedded a TabView in a NavigationView and the Text in the view gets pushed down slightly. I've tried moving the views around however it just ends up breaking functionally. You can see the green text is not vertically aligned to the rest of the device, but instead aligned to the content under the navigation bar.
var body: some View {
NavigationView{
TabView {
Text("TEST 1").foregroundColor(color).font(Font.custom("Catamaran-ExtraBold", size: 48)).navigationTitle("TEST 1")
Text("TEST 2").foregroundColor(color).font(Font.custom("Catamaran-ExtraBold", size: 48)).navigationTitle("TEST 2")
}
.foregroundColor(.black).navigationBarTitleDisplayMode(.inline)
.font(Font.custom("Catamaran-ExtraBold", size: 20))
.navigationBarItems(
leading:
NavigationLink(destination: SettingsView(), label: {
Image(systemName: "gearshape")
})).foregroundColor(colorScheme == .dark ? .white : .black)
}
.navigationViewStyle(.stack)
.ignoresSafeArea()
.tabViewStyle(.page)
.indexViewStyle(.page(backgroundDisplayMode: .always))
}
It's a bit strange what you are trying to achieve. Centering it as if the NavigationView wasn't there means that the view is no longer centered in its container. It will look strange and not centered like this.
However, here is how you can achieve this. This example uses GeometryReaders to measure the height of the navigation bar, and take away half that so the text now appears centered to the safe area.
Before:
struct ContentView: View {
var body: some View {
NavigationView {
TabView {
Text("TEST 1")
.font(.title.bold())
.foregroundColor(.green)
.navigationTitle("TEST 1")
.frame(maxWidth: .infinity, maxHeight: .infinity)
.background(Color.red.opacity(0.1))
Text("TEST 2")
.font(.title.bold())
.foregroundColor(.green)
.navigationTitle("TEST 2")
.frame(maxWidth: .infinity, maxHeight: .infinity)
.background(Color.red.opacity(0.1))
}
.tabViewStyle(.page)
.indexViewStyle(.page(backgroundDisplayMode: .always))
}
.navigationViewStyle(.stack)
}
}
After:
struct ContentView: View {
var body: some View {
GeometryReader { geoRoot in // <- HERE
NavigationView {
GeometryReader { geo in // <- HERE
let yOffset = (geoRoot.safeAreaInsets.top - geo.safeAreaInsets.top) / 2 // <- HERE
TabView {
Text("TEST 1")
.font(.title.bold())
.foregroundColor(.green)
.navigationTitle("TEST 1")
.frame(maxWidth: .infinity, maxHeight: .infinity)
.background(Color.red.opacity(0.1))
// <- Also replicate offset here, not done for demo
Text("TEST 2")
.font(.title.bold())
.foregroundColor(.green)
.navigationTitle("TEST 2")
.frame(maxWidth: .infinity, maxHeight: .infinity)
.background(Color.red.opacity(0.1))
.offset(y: yOffset) // <- HERE
}
.tabViewStyle(.page)
.indexViewStyle(.page(backgroundDisplayMode: .always))
}
}
.navigationViewStyle(.stack)
}
}
}
Result
Before: TEST 1 tab
After: TEST 2 tab
I'd like to ask you some help. I'm trying to capture VStack height using geometry and then based on that VStack height value, calculate its child element's height (inside VStack).
Image of my current view of VStack
I used .frame outside of VStack to fill the whole screen. Then I used .border to visually check if it actually fills the screen (it works fine)
.frame(minWidth: 0, maxWidth: .infinity, minHeight: 0, maxHeight: .infinity, alignment: Alignment.topLeading)
The problem can be seen inside the VStack, the height is displayed as GCFloat 734. Even though the border size is a lot bigger.
struct BodyView: View {
#State var stackHeight : CGFloat = 0
var body: some View {
GeometryReader { geometry in
VStack {
Text("VStack size: \(self.stackHeight)")
.bold()
.frame(maxWidth: .infinity, alignment: .leading)
.padding(.horizontal)
.background(Color.green)
}
.frame(minWidth: 0, maxWidth: .infinity, minHeight: 0, maxHeight: .infinity, alignment: Alignment.topLeading)
.onAppear{
self.stackHeight = geometry.size.height
}
.border(Color.purple, width: 5)
}
}
}
struct BodyView_Previews: PreviewProvider {
static var previews: some View {
BodyView()
}
}
How could I capture the actual size of the VStack when it finishes loading?
When I trigger (onAppear) the VStack height appears correct, however I need it to be captured instantly.
If I understand your questions, you're very close — you just need to use to GeometryProxy type:
import SwiftUI
struct BodyView: View {
var body: some View {
GeometryReader { geometry in
VStack {
Text("VStack size: \(geometry.size.height)") // no need for state var anymore
.bold()
.frame(maxWidth: .infinity, alignment: .leading)
.padding(.horizontal)
.background(Color.green)
}
.frame(minWidth: 0, maxWidth: .infinity, minHeight: 0, maxHeight: .infinity, alignment: Alignment.topLeading)
.border(Color.purple, width: 5)
}
}
}
struct BodyView_Previews: PreviewProvider {
static var previews: some View {
BodyView()
}
}
A GeometryReader will lay itself out again if its size changes.
Given this code:
import SwiftUI
struct ContentView: View {
var body: some View {
VStack(alignment: .leading) {
Text("Title")
.font(.title)
Text("Content")
.lineLimit(nil)
.font(.body)
Spacer()
}
.background(Color.red)
}
}
#if DEBUG
struct ContentView_Previews : PreviewProvider {
static var previews: some View {
ContentView()
}
}
#endif
It results in this interface:
How can I make the VStack fill the width of the screen even if the labels/text components don't need the full width?
A trick I've found is to insert an empty HStack in the structure like so:
VStack(alignment: .leading) {
HStack {
Spacer()
}
Text("Title")
.font(.title)
Text("Content")
.lineLimit(nil)
.font(.body)
Spacer()
}
Which yields the desired design:
Is there a better way?
Try using the .frame modifier with the following options:
.frame(
minWidth: 0,
maxWidth: .infinity,
minHeight: 0,
maxHeight: .infinity,
alignment: .topLeading
)
struct ContentView: View {
var body: some View {
VStack(alignment: .leading) {
Text("Hello World")
.font(.title)
Text("Another")
.font(.body)
Spacer()
}
.frame(
minWidth: 0,
maxWidth: .infinity,
minHeight: 0,
maxHeight: .infinity,
alignment: .topLeading
)
.background(Color.red)
}
}
This is described as being a flexible frame (see the documentation), which will stretch to fill the whole screen, and when it has extra space it will center its contents inside of it.
With Swift 5.2 and iOS 13.4, according to your needs, you can use one of the following examples to align your VStack with top leading constraints and a full size frame.
Note that the code snippets below all result in the same display, but do not guarantee the effective frame of the VStack nor the number of View elements that might appear while debugging the view hierarchy.
1. Using frame(minWidth:idealWidth:maxWidth:minHeight:idealHeight:maxHeight:alignment:) method
The simplest approach is to set the frame of your VStack with maximum width and height and also pass the required alignment in frame(minWidth:idealWidth:maxWidth:minHeight:idealHeight:maxHeight:alignment:):
struct ContentView: View {
var body: some View {
VStack(alignment: .leading) {
Text("Title")
.font(.title)
Text("Content")
.font(.body)
}
.frame(
maxWidth: .infinity,
maxHeight: .infinity,
alignment: .topLeading
)
.background(Color.red)
}
}
2. Using Spacers to force alignment
You can embed your VStack inside a full size HStack and use trailing and bottom Spacers to force your VStack top leading alignment:
struct ContentView: View {
var body: some View {
HStack {
VStack(alignment: .leading) {
Text("Title")
.font(.title)
Text("Content")
.font(.body)
Spacer() // VStack bottom spacer
}
Spacer() // HStack trailing spacer
}
.frame(
maxWidth: .infinity,
maxHeight: .infinity
)
.background(Color.red)
}
}
3. Using a ZStack and a full size background View
This example shows how to embed your VStack inside a ZStack that has a top leading alignment. Note how the Color view is used to set maximum width and height:
struct ContentView: View {
var body: some View {
ZStack(alignment: .topLeading) {
Color.red
.frame(maxWidth: .infinity, maxHeight: .infinity)
VStack(alignment: .leading) {
Text("Title")
.font(.title)
Text("Content")
.font(.body)
}
}
}
}
4. Using GeometryReader
GeometryReader has the following declaration:
A container view that defines its content as a function of its own size and coordinate space. [...] This view returns a flexible preferred size to its parent layout.
The code snippet below shows how to use GeometryReader to align your VStack with top leading constraints and a full size frame:
struct ContentView : View {
var body: some View {
GeometryReader { geometryProxy in
VStack(alignment: .leading) {
Text("Title")
.font(.title)
Text("Content")
.font(.body)
}
.frame(
width: geometryProxy.size.width,
height: geometryProxy.size.height,
alignment: .topLeading
)
}
.background(Color.red)
}
}
5. Using overlay(_:alignment:) method
If you want to align your VStack with top leading constraints on top of an existing full size View, you can use overlay(_:alignment:) method:
struct ContentView: View {
var body: some View {
Color.red
.frame(
maxWidth: .infinity,
maxHeight: .infinity
)
.overlay(
VStack(alignment: .leading) {
Text("Title")
.font(.title)
Text("Content")
.font(.body)
},
alignment: .topLeading
)
}
}
Display:
An alternative stacking arrangement which works and is perhaps a bit more intuitive is the following:
struct ContentView: View {
var body: some View {
HStack() {
VStack(alignment: .leading) {
Text("Hello World")
.font(.title)
Text("Another")
.font(.body)
Spacer()
}
Spacer()
}.background(Color.red)
}
}
The content can also easily be re-positioned by removing the Spacer()'s if necessary.
There is a better way!
To make the VStack fill the width of it's parent you can use a GeometryReader and set the frame. (.relativeWidth(1.0) should work but apparently doesn't right now)
struct ContentView : View {
var body: some View {
GeometryReader { geometry in
VStack {
Text("test")
}
.frame(width: geometry.size.width,
height: nil,
alignment: .topLeading)
}
}
}
To make the VStack the width of the actual screen you can use UIScreen.main.bounds.width when setting the frame instead of using a GeometryReader, but I imagine you likely wanted the width of the parent view.
Also, this way has the added benefit of not adding spacing in your VStack which might happen (if you have spacing) if you added an HStack with a Spacer() as it's content to the VStack.
UPDATE - THERE IS NOT A BETTER WAY!
After checking out the accepted answer, I realized that the accepted answer doesn't actually work! It appears to work at first glance, but if you update the VStack to have a green background you'll notice the VStack is still the same width.
struct ContentView : View {
var body: some View {
NavigationView {
VStack(alignment: .leading) {
Text("Hello World")
.font(.title)
Text("Another")
.font(.body)
Spacer()
}
.background(Color.green)
.frame(minWidth: 0, maxWidth: .infinity, minHeight: 0, maxHeight: .infinity, alignment: .topLeading)
.background(Color.red)
}
}
}
This is because .frame(...) is actually adding another view to the view hierarchy and that view ends up filling the screen. However, the VStack still does not.
This issue also seems to be the same in my answer as well and can be checked using the same approach as above (putting different background colors before and after the .frame(...). The only way that appears to actually widen the VStack is to use spacers:
struct ContentView : View {
var body: some View {
VStack(alignment: .leading) {
HStack{
Text("Title")
.font(.title)
Spacer()
}
Text("Content")
.lineLimit(nil)
.font(.body)
Spacer()
}
.background(Color.green)
}
}
The simplest way I manage to solve the issue was is by using a ZStack + .edgesIgnoringSafeArea(.all)
struct TestView : View {
var body: some View {
ZStack() {
Color.yellow.edgesIgnoringSafeArea(.all)
VStack {
Text("Hello World")
}
}
}
}
Way Number 1 -> Using MaxWidth & MaxHeight
import SwiftUI
struct SomeView: View {
var body: some View {
VStack {
Text("Hello, World!")
}
.frame(maxWidth: .infinity, maxHeight: .infinity)
.background(.red)
}
}
struct SomeView_Previews: PreviewProvider {
static var previews: some View {
SomeView()
}
}
Way Number 2 -> Using Main Screen Bounds
import SwiftUI
struct SomeView: View {
var body: some View {
VStack {
Text("Hello, World!")
}
.frame(maxWidth: UIScreen.main.bounds.width, maxHeight: UIScreen.main.bounds.height)
.background(.red)
}
}
struct SomeView_Previews: PreviewProvider {
static var previews: some View {
SomeView()
}
}
Way Number 3 -> Using Geometry Reader
import SwiftUI
struct SomeView: View {
var body: some View {
GeometryReader { geometryReader in
VStack {
Text("Hello, World!")
}
.frame(maxWidth: geometryReader.size.width, maxHeight: geometryReader.size.height)
.background(.red)
}
}
}
struct SomeView_Previews: PreviewProvider {
static var previews: some View {
SomeView()
}
}
Way Number 4 -> Using Spacers
import SwiftUI
struct SomeView: View {
var body: some View {
VStack {
Text("Hello, World!")
HStack{
Spacer()
}
Spacer()
}
.background(.red)
}
}
struct SomeView_Previews: PreviewProvider {
static var previews: some View {
SomeView()
}
}
EDIT: answer updated with simple (better) approach using .frame
Just use frame modifiers!
struct Expand: View {
var body: some View {
VStack(alignment: .leading) {
Text("Title")
.font(.title)
Text("Content")
.lineLimit(nil)
.font(.body)
}
.frame(maxWidth:.infinity,maxHeight:.infinity,alignment:.topLeading)
.background(Color.red)
}
}
note - you don't even need the spacer in the VStack!
note2 - if you don't want the white at top & bottom, then in the background use:
Color.red.edgesIgnoringSafeArea(.all)
use this
.edgesIgnoringSafeArea(.all)
A good solution and without "contraptions" is the forgotten ZStack
ZStack(alignment: .top){
Color.red
VStack{
Text("Hello World").font(.title)
Text("Another").font(.body)
}
}
Result:
You can do it by using GeometryReader
GeometryReader
Code:
struct ContentView : View {
var body: some View {
GeometryReader { geometry in
VStack {
Text("Turtle Rock").frame(width: geometry.size.width, height: geometry.size.height, alignment: .topLeading).background(Color.red)
}
}
}
}
Your output like:
One more alternative is to place one of the subviews inside of an HStack and place a Spacer() after it:
struct ContentView : View {
var body: some View {
VStack(alignment: .leading) {
HStack {
Text("Title")
.font(.title)
.background(Color.yellow)
Spacer()
}
Text("Content")
.lineLimit(nil)
.font(.body)
.background(Color.blue)
Spacer()
}
.background(Color.red)
}
}
resulting in :
This is a useful bit of code:
extension View {
func expandable () -> some View {
ZStack {
Color.clear
self
}
}
}
Compare the results with and without the .expandable() modifier:
Text("hello")
.background(Color.blue)
-
Text("hello")
.expandable()
.background(Color.blue)
This is what worked for me (ScrollView (optional) so more content can be added if needed, plus centered content):
import SwiftUI
struct SomeView: View {
var body: some View {
GeometryReader { geometry in
ScrollView(Axis.Set.horizontal) {
HStack(alignment: .center) {
ForEach(0..<8) { _ in
Text("🥳")
}
}.frame(width: geometry.size.width, height: 50)
}
}
}
}
// MARK: - Preview
#if DEBUG
struct SomeView_Previews: PreviewProvider {
static var previews: some View {
SomeView()
}
}
#endif
Result
I know this will not work for everyone, but I thought it interesting that just adding a Divider solves for this.
struct DividerTest: View {
var body: some View {
VStack(alignment: .leading) {
Text("Foo")
Text("Bar")
Divider()
}.background(Color.red)
}
}
Login Page design using SwiftUI
import SwiftUI
struct ContentView: View {
#State var email: String = "william#gmail.com"
#State var password: String = ""
#State static var labelTitle: String = ""
var body: some View {
VStack(alignment: .center){
//Label
Text("Login").font(.largeTitle).foregroundColor(.yellow).bold()
//TextField
TextField("Email", text: $email)
.textContentType(.emailAddress)
.foregroundColor(.blue)
.frame(minHeight: 40)
.background(RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 10).foregroundColor(Color.green))
TextField("Password", text: $password) //Placeholder
.textContentType(.newPassword)
.frame(minHeight: 40)
.foregroundColor(.blue) // Text color
.background(RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 10).foregroundColor(Color.green))
//Button
Button(action: {
}) {
HStack {
Image(uiImage: UIImage(named: "Login")!)
.renderingMode(.original)
.font(.title)
.foregroundColor(.blue)
Text("Login")
.font(.title)
.foregroundColor(.white)
}
.font(.headline)
.frame(minWidth: 0, maxWidth: .infinity)
.background(LinearGradient(gradient: Gradient(colors: [Color("DarkGreen"), Color("LightGreen")]), startPoint: .leading, endPoint: .trailing))
.cornerRadius(40)
.padding(.horizontal, 20)
.frame(width: 200, height: 50, alignment: .center)
}
Spacer()
}.padding(10)
.frame(minWidth: 0, idealWidth: .infinity, maxWidth: .infinity, minHeight: 0, idealHeight: .infinity, maxHeight: .infinity, alignment: .top)
.background(Color.gray)
}
}
struct ContentView_Previews: PreviewProvider {
static var previews: some View {
ContentView()
}
}
⚠️ Important Note!
🛑 All other solutions are just adding a frame around the content!
✅ but this solution changes the actual frame!
Simple and correct extension
You can use this modifier
.flexible(width: true, height: false)
Demo
💡Note how contents are aligned exactly as you assign in the original stack
The code behind this ( FlexibleViewModifier.swift )
extension View {
func flexible(width: Bool, height: Bool) -> some View {
self.modifier(MatchingParentModifier(width: width, height: height))
}
}
struct MatchingParentModifier: ViewModifier {
#State private var intrinsicSize: CGSize = UIScreen.main.bounds.size
private let intrinsicWidth: Bool
private let intrinsicHeight: Bool
init(width: Bool, height: Bool) {
intrinsicWidth = !width
intrinsicHeight = !height
}
func body(content: Content) -> some View {
GeometryReader { _ in
content.modifier(intrinsicSizeModifier(intrinsicSize: $intrinsicSize))
}
.frame(
maxWidth: intrinsicWidth ? intrinsicSize.width : nil,
maxHeight: intrinsicHeight ? intrinsicSize.height : nil
)
}
}
struct intrinsicSizeModifier: ViewModifier {
#Binding var intrinsicSize: CGSize
func body(content: Content) -> some View {
content.readIntrinsicContentSize(to: $intrinsicSize)
}
}
struct IntrinsicContentSizePreferenceKey: PreferenceKey {
static let defaultValue: CGSize = .zero
static func reduce(value: inout CGSize, nextValue: () -> CGSize) {
value = nextValue()
}
}
extension View {
func readIntrinsicContentSize(to size: Binding<CGSize>) -> some View {
background(
GeometryReader {
Color.clear.preference(
key: IntrinsicContentSizePreferenceKey.self,
value: $0.size
)
}
)
.onPreferenceChange(IntrinsicContentSizePreferenceKey.self) {
size.wrappedValue = $0
}
}
}
Here another way which would save time in your projects:
Much less code and reusable in compare to other answers which they are not reusable!
extension View {
var maxedOut: some View {
return Color.clear
.overlay(self, alignment: .center)
}
func maxedOut(color: Color = Color.clear, alignment: Alignment = Alignment.center) -> some View {
return color
.overlay(self, alignment: alignment)
}
}
use case:
struct ContentView: View {
var body: some View {
Text("Hello, World!")
.maxedOut
.background(Color.blue)
Text("Hello, World!")
.maxedOut(color: Color.red)
}
}
Just add Color.clear to the bottom of the VStack, simple as that :)
struct ContentView: View {
var body: some View {
VStack(alignment: .leading) {
Text("Title")
Color.clear
}
.background(Color.red)
}
}