I'm learning how to make games in iOS, so I decided to replicate the first level of Mario Bros using my own assets, just to learn how to make them as well.
The issue I'm having right now is that, when creating the scrolling background, using this formula I found on Hacking with Swift, I keep getting a line in between my images.
I've checked that my images have no border in the AI file. (The images are the ones above)
import SpriteKit
import GameplayKit
class GameScene: SKScene {
private var player = SKSpriteNode()
private var bg = SKSpriteNode()
override func didMove(to view: SKView) {
let playerTexture = SKTexture(imageNamed: "player")
player = SKSpriteNode(texture: playerTexture)
player.position = CGPoint(x: self.frame.midX, y: self.frame.midY)
addBackground()
self.addChild(player)
}
override func touchesBegan(_ touches: Set<UITouch>, with event: UIEvent?) {
}
override func update(_ currentTime: TimeInterval) {
// Called before each frame is rendered
}
// MARK: UTILITY FUNCTIONS
func addBackground() {
let bgTexture = SKTexture(imageNamed: "bg")
for i in 0 ... 1 {
bg = SKSpriteNode(texture: bgTexture)
//bg.position = CGPoint(x: (i == 0 ? bgTexture.size().width : bgTexture.size().width - 1) * CGFloat(i), y: self.frame.midY)
bg.position = CGPoint(x: (bgTexture.size().width * CGFloat(i)) - CGFloat(1 * i), y: 0)
bg.size.height = self.frame.height
//bg.anchorPoint = CGPoint.zero
bg.zPosition = -10
self.addChild(bg)
let moveLeft = SKAction.moveBy(x: -bgTexture.size().width, y: 0, duration: 5)
let moveReset = SKAction.moveBy(x: bgTexture.size().width, y: 0, duration: 0)
let moveLoop = SKAction.sequence([moveLeft, moveReset])
let moveForever = SKAction.repeatForever(moveLoop)
bg.run(moveForever)
}
}
}
Just create a new project, copy-paste it and you should see it running
I also changed my GameScene.sks size to: 2688 x 1242
And one last change I made to make the background appear in full screen was to set the LaunchScreen as stated in this answer which seems to be an issue in Xcode 12
I understand that the formula from Hacking with Swift post is making the images overlap by 1px, I've tried removing the 1 * i part from it, yet results are not different.
Other thing I did was to verify the images were "joining" perfectly together, and they do, the lines you can see in the image below are from the AI canvas, both images join in between "cactuses".
I also tried running it into a device in case it might be a bug in the simulator:
Your image has a thin black border on the left handside and along the top, 1 pixel wide. It's black. Remove that and try again.
Related
Currently trying to get a monster character to move across the screen horizontal back and forth. I'm extremely new to Swift as I just started learning last week and also haven't exactly master OOP. So how do I properly call the enemyStaysWithinPlayableArea func while it calls the addEnemy func. Heres what I have so far:
import SpriteKit
class GameScene: SKScene {
var monster = SKSpriteNode()
var monsterMove = SKAction()
var background = SKSpriteNode()
var gameArea: CGRect
// MARK: - Set area where user can play
override init(size: CGSize) {
// iphones screens have an aspect ratio of 16:9
let maxAspectRatio: CGFloat = 16.0/9.0
let playableWidth = size.height/maxAspectRatio
let margin = (size.width - playableWidth)/2
gameArea = CGRect(x: margin, y: 0, width: playableWidth, height: size.height)
super.init(size: size)
}
required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
fatalError("init(coder:) has not been implemented")
}
override func didMove(to view: SKView) {
// I want to run addEnemy() while it checks for enemyStayWithinPlayableArea()
// run(SKAction.repeatForever(...)) ???
enemyStayWithinPlayableArea()
// MARK: - Setting the background
background = SKSpriteNode(imageNamed: "background")
background.size = self.size
// Set background at center of screen
background.position = CGPoint(x:self.size.width/2 ,y:self.size.height/2)
// Layering so everything in the game will be in front of the background
background.zPosition = 0
self.addChild(background)
}
func addEnemy() {
// MARK: - Set up enemy and its movements
monster = SKSpriteNode(imageNamed: "monster")
monster.zPosition = 5
// this is where the enemy starts
monster.position = CGPoint(x: 0, y: 300)
self.addChild(monster)
// I want it to move to the end of the screen within 1 sec
monsterMove = SKAction.moveTo(x: gameArea.maxX, duration: 1.0)
monster.run(monsterMove)
}
func enemyStayWithinPlayableArea(){
addEnemy()
// when the monster reaches the right most corner of the screen
// turn it back around and make it go the other way
if monster.position.x == gameArea.maxX{
monsterMove = SKAction.moveTo(x: gameArea.minX, duration: 1.0)
monster.run(monsterMove)
}
// when the monster reaches the left most corner of the screen
// same idea as above
if monster.position.x == gameArea.minX{
monsterMove = SKAction.moveTo(x: gameArea.maxX, duration: 1.0)
monster.run(monsterMove)
}
}
}
So far the enemy moves across the screen to the right edge of the screen, so that part works perfectly. I just need help making sure it continues in a loop (perhaps using the SKAction.repeatForever method but not sure how).
To understand movement of image in spritekit check this example.
let moveLeft = SKAction.moveTo(CGPoint(x: xpos, y: ypos), duration: duration)
let moveRight = SKAction.moveTo(CGPoint(x: xpos, y: ypos), duration: duration)
sprite.runAction(SKAction.repeatActionForever(SKAction.sequence([moveLeft, moveRight])))
for horizontal movement y position never been changed it should be same as in move left and move right.to stop repeatforever action use this.
sprite.removeAllActions()
Make two functions moveToMax and moveToMin with respective SKActions.And run action with completion handler.
func moveToMin(){
monsterMove = SKAction.moveTo(x: gameArea.minX, duration: 1.0)
monster.run(monsterMove, completion: {
moveToMax()
})
}
Ive been trying to follow along swift tutorials and I've come across something extremely frustrating with every tutorial I have tried to follow along with, whenever SKAction is used I cannot follow along with any tutorials because my programs never work. This has happened with MULTIPLE programs and I can never figure it out.
Here is the code for the program:
import SpriteKit
import GameplayKit
class GameScene: SKScene{
let player = SKSpriteNode(imageNamed: "playerShip")
override func didMove(to view: SKView) {
let background = SKSpriteNode(imageNamed: "background")
background.size = self.size
background.position = CGPoint(x: self.size.width / 2, y: self.size.height / 2)
background.zPosition = -1
self.addChild(background)
player.setScale(1)
player.position = CGPoint(x: self.size.width / 2, y: self.size.height * 0.2)
player.zPosition = 2
self.addChild(player)
}
func fireBullet(){
let bullet = SKSpriteNode(imageNamed: "bullet")
bullet.setScale(1)
bullet.zPosition = 1
bullet.position = player.position
let moveBullet = SKAction.moveTo(y: self.size.height + bullet.size.height, duration: 1)
let deleteBullet = SKAction.removeFromParent()
let bulletSequence = SKAction.sequence([moveBullet, deleteBullet])
bullet.run(bulletSequence)
}
override func touchesBegan(_ touches: Set<UITouch>, with event: UIEvent?) {
fireBullet()
}
}
Whenever I build and run the program in the simulator everything is fine and the build succeeds. However whenever I click nothing happens, this happens every single time I attempt to do anything with SKAction. I should mention that the FPS at the bottom right corner of my screen changes every time I click, but nothing else happens, the node count stays the same, and the screen remains the same with the bullet not firing.
Here is the tutorial I am attempting to follow along with: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mvlwZs2ehLU
I noticed you aren't actually adding the bullet sprite to your scene after instantiating it. Make sure to add addChild(bullet). I suggest implementing something like this:
func fireBullet() {
let bullet = SKSpriteNode(imageNamed: "bullet")
bullet.setScale(1)
bullet.zPosition = 1
bullet.position = player.position
addChild(bullet)
let moveBullet = SKAction.moveTo(y: self.size.height + bullet.size.height, duration: 1.0)
let deleteBullet = SKAction.removeFromParent()
let bulletSequence = SKAction.sequence([moveBullet, deleteBullet])
bullet.run(bulletSequence)
}
I was wondering if there's any way to set an icon besides a SKLabelNode (since I need to use SKAction to move this label up) like this:
All I found about it was using UILabel (here) or a GitHub project (here), where I can't move or bounce (with SpriteKit-Spring) my label.
I was thinking in create a sprite node with the icon image and set it's position besides the coinsLabel, but since this label is used as a coin counter, it would get larger when increased; and the icon would be overlaid.
I made this example project below to make it easier to visualize (it doesn't have the icon, of course. It's only incrementing and moving coinsLabel by buttons).
If you want, you can download it here.
import SpriteKit
class GameScene: SKScene {
//Declaration
var icon = SKSpriteNode()
var coins = Int()
var coinsLabel = SKLabelNode()
var incrementButton = SKSpriteNode()
//Setup
func setupIcon(){
//icon
icon = SKSpriteNode(imageNamed: "icon")
icon.position = CGPoint(x: self.frame.width / 1.45, y: self.frame.height / 1.075)
icon.setScale(0.1)
}
func setupCoinsLabel(){
//coinsLabel
coinsLabel.position = CGPoint(x: self.frame.width / 150 - 300, y: 0)
coinsLabel.setScale(12.5)
coinsLabel.text = "0"
}
func setupIncrementButton(){
//incrementButton
incrementButton = SKSpriteNode(imageNamed: "incrementButton")
incrementButton.position = CGPoint(x: self.frame.width / 2, y: self.frame.height / 3.15)
incrementButton.setScale(2.0)
}
override func didMoveToView(view: SKView) {
/* Setup your scene here */
setupIcon()
addChild(icon)
setupCoinsLabel()
icon.addChild(coinsLabel)
setupIncrementButton()
addChild(incrementButton)
}
override func touchesBegan(touches: Set<UITouch>, withEvent event: UIEvent?) {
/* Called when a touch begins */
//When touch buttons/screen
for touch in touches{
let location = touch.locationInNode(self)
let node = nodeAtPoint(location)
//Increment
if node == incrementButton{
coins += 1
coinsLabel.text = NSString(format: "%i", coins) as String
coinsLabel.position = CGPoint(x: self.frame.width / 150 - coinsLabel.frame.width, y: 0)
}
}
}
}
Just make a SKSpriteNode and add it as a child to the SKLabelNode, you can always set the SKSpriteNode's position to be to the right of the SKLabel regardless of how many digits are in your label, so overlapping would never happen
//Increment
if node == incrementButton{
coins += 1
coinsLabel.text = NSString(format: "%i", coins) as String
icon.position = CGPoint(x: coinsLabel.frame.width / 2, y: 0)
}
I'm developing a small game using Swift & SpriteKit. When I add a SKSpriteNode for Restart button, it doesn't scale properly.
The size of Restart button is 100px in height and width. If I don't set scale , it covers the whole screen and make the screen appear white. I figured out that if I setScale to 0.005 only than it appears on screen, but not in proper size.
import Foundation
import SpriteKit
class EndScene: SKScene {
var restartBtn = SKSpriteNode()
override func didMoveToView(view: SKView) {
background()
restartGame()
}
func restartGame() {
restartBtn = SKSpriteNode(imageNamed: "restartBtn")
restartBtn.setScale(0.005)
restartBtn.position = CGPoint(x: self.size.width / 2, y: self.size.height / 4)
restartBtn.zPosition = 1
self.addChild(restartBtn)
}
func background() {
let bkg = SKSpriteNode(imageNamed: "Background")
bkg.size = self.frame.size
bkg.position = CGPoint(x: self.frame.width / 2, y: self.frame.height / 2)
bkg.zPosition = -2
self.addChild(bkg)
}
}
Here is the output of this code,
Restart Button Output
UPDATE
I put scene!.scaleMode = .AspectFill right inside didMoveToView function and it helped in rendering the shape of the SpriteNode properly. But still I have to setScale(0.001) to make the size of Restart button fit in the screen. Can anyone assist me what line of code I'm still missing?
Instead of using .setScale try using restartBtn.size = CGSize(Width: 50, Height: 50)
This uses the Sprite Kit's resize formula.
I ran into this as well. It happened when I forgot to specify the size of the scene. Instead of calling initWithSize I just wrote init and the scene started to scale down all nodes by x1000. Nodes were visible, but they required a scale of 0.001
For this game I am creating, I want the Sprite "Character" to either move left or right by me tilting the device either left or right.
I have looked into it and changed the code, but it seems like that it does not work.
When I run it, the "Character" moves in only one direction and still goes either up or down.
I would just like the "Character" to move only left or right, not up or down.
Any help on this?
Here is a look at the GameScene.swift file:
import SpriteKit
import CoreMotion
class GameScene: SKScene {
let motionManager = CMMotionManager()
var Ground = SKSpriteNode()
var Character = SKSpriteNode()
override func didMoveToView(view: SKView) {
/* Setup your scene here */
Character = SKSpriteNode(imageNamed: "NinjaGhost")
Character.physicsBody = SKPhysicsBody(circleOfRadius: Character.size.height)
Character.size = CGSize(width: 200, height: 200)
Character.physicsBody?.allowsRotation = false
Character.zPosition = 2
Character.position = CGPoint(x: self.frame.width / 2, y: self.frame.height / 2)
self.addChild(Character)
Ground = SKSpriteNode(imageNamed: "Dirt Background")
Ground.size = CGSize(width: 1920, height: 1080)
Ground.zPosition = 1
Ground.position = CGPoint(x: self.frame.width / 2, y: self.frame.height / 2)
self.addChild(Ground)
motionManager.startAccelerometerUpdates()
motionManager.accelerometerUpdateInterval = 0.1
motionManager.startAccelerometerUpdatesToQueue(NSOperationQueue.mainQueue() ) {
(data, error) in
self.physicsWorld.gravity = CGVectorMake(CGFloat((data?.acceleration.x)!) * 1, 0)
}
}
override func touchesBegan(touches: Set<UITouch>, withEvent event: UIEvent?) {
/* Called when a touch begins */
}
override func update(currentTime: CFTimeInterval) {
/* Called before each frame is rendered */
}
}
You should follow the swift guidelines, your properties should not start with capital letters, only classes, structs, enums and protocols should. It makes code harder to read on stack overflow (code is marked blue but shouldn't) and in general its not good practice.
Change your code to this because there was a few errors.
character = SKSpriteNode(imageNamed: "NinjaGhost")
character.size = CGSize(width: 200, height: 200) // Better to call this before positioning
character.position = CGPoint(x: self.frame.width / 2, y: self.frame.height / 2) // Give pos before physics body
character.physicsBody = SKPhysicsBody(circleOfRadius: character.size.width / 2) // You have to divide by 2 when using circleOfRadius to get proper size in relation to the sprite
character.physicsBody?.allowsRotation = false
character.physicsBody?.affectedByGravity = false // Stop falling
character.zPosition = 2
self.addChild(character)
In your motion queue code you are manipulating the scene itself, so that will not work.
Try this code instead which uses the physics body to move the sprite. This is my preferred way of doing it because it gives the sprite more natural movement, especially when changing direction, compared to directly manipulating the sprites position property (If you want to manipulate the sprite position property directly than read this article. http://www.ioscreator.com/tutorials/move-sprites-accelerometer-spritekit-swift)
if let error = error { // Might as well handle the optional error as well
print(error.localizedDescription)
return
}
guard let data = motionManager.accelerometerData else { return }
if UIDevice.currentDevice().orientation == UIDeviceOrientation.LandscapeLeft {
character.physicsBody?.applyForce(CGVectorMake(-100 * CGFloat(data.acceleration.y), 0))
} else {
character.physicsBody?.applyForce(CGVectorMake(100 * CGFloat(data.acceleration.y), 0))
}
This will make the sprite move on the x axis. I am using data.acceleration.y because in this example the game is in landscape so you have to use the Y data to move it on the x axis.
I am also checking in which landscape orientation the device is so that the motion works in both orientations.
Adjust the 100 here to get the desired force depending on the size of the sprite (higher is more force). Big sprites properly need a few 1000s to move.