I add a category for NSObject
#interface NSObject (Test)
- (nonnull NSString *)nameOfClass;
#end
#implementation NSObject (Test)
-(NSString *)nameOfClass {
return [self new_nameOfClass];
}
#end
when using, I can use it as a class function.
Objc
[UITableViewCell nameOfClass];
swift
UITableViewCell.nameOfClass()
but If I create a sub class of NSObject, and add a function using category
#interface TestObject : NSObject
#end
#interface TestObject (Test)
- (nonnull NSString *)testFunction;
#end
#implementation NSObject (Test)
-(NSString *) testFunction {
return #"testFunction";
}
#end
I can not use it as
[TestObject testFunction];
if I create a extension for NSObject
#objc
public extension NSObject {
#objc(new_nameOfClass)
func new_nameOfClass() -> String {
return String(describing: type(of: self))
}
}
I can use it as a class function in Objc file, but. I can not use it in swift.
[TestObject new_nameOfClass];
TestObject.new_nameOfClass()
error: Instance member 'new_nameOfClass' cannot be used on type 'TestObject'; did you mean to use a value of this type instead?
Questions
why NSObject's category's instance function can be used as class function?
why it not work in NSObject's subclass?
why swift's extension for NSObject don't have. same behavior?
please refer these docs.
http://www.cocoawithlove.com/2010/01/what-is-meta-class-in-objective-c.html
http://www.sealiesoftware.com/blog/archive/2009/04/14/objc_explain_Classes_and_metaclasses.html
make that function as class function
objective c
#interface TestObject : NSObject
#end
#interface TestObject (Test)
+ (nonnull NSString *)testFunction;
#end
#implementation NSObject (Test)
+(NSString *) testFunction {
return #"testFunction";
}
#end
Related
I want to inherit my base class properties and methods which will be used by my several derived classes. I want these properties and methods to be exactly protected so that they will only be visible in derived class and not to any external class. But it always gives me some errors.
#interface BasePerson : NSObject
#end
#interface BasePerson ()
#property (nonatomic, strong) NSMutableArray<Person*>* savedPersons;
#property (nonatomic) BOOL shouldSavePerson;
#end
#interface DerivedPerson1 : BasePerson
#end
#implementation DerivedPerson1
- (instancetype)init
{
if (self = [super init]) {
self.savedPersons = [NSMutableArray array];
self.shouldSavePerson = NO;
}
return self;
}
It always gives me an error that
Property 'savedPersons' not found on object of type 'DerivedPerson1 *'
Property 'shouldSavePerson' not found on object of type 'DerivedPerson1 *'
How i can make use of inheritance in Objective C, I don't want savedPersons and shouldSavePerson properties to be visible to external classes. I only want them to visible in my base class and all the derived classes.
Any help will be great. Thanks
This is not something that the objectiveC really support. There are some ways though. So lets see.
If you put a property in the source file class extension then it is not exposed and you can not access it in the subclass either.
One way is to put all of the subclasses into the same source file as the base class. This is not a good solution at all as you do want to have separate files for separate classes.
It seems logical to import the BaseClass.m in the SubClass source file but that will produce a linker error saying that you have duplicate symbols.
And the solution:
Separate the extension into a separate header. So you have a MyClass
Header:
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#interface MyClass : NSObject
#end
Source:
#import "MyClass.h"
#import "MyClassProtected.h"
#implementation MyClass
- (void)foo {
self.someProperty = #"Some text from base class";
}
#end
Then you create another header file (only the header) MyClassProtected.h which has the following:
#import "MyClass.h"
#interface MyClass ()
#property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *someProperty;
#end
And the subclass MyClassSubclass
Header:
#import "MyClass.h"
#interface MyClassSubclass : MyClass
#end
And the source:
#import "MyClassSubclass.h"
#import "MyClassProtected.h"
#implementation MyClassSubclass
- (void)foo {
self.someProperty = #"We can set it here as well";
}
#end
So now if the user MyClassSubclass he will not have the access to the protected property which is essentially what you want. But the downside is the user may still import MyClassProtected.h after which he will have the access to the property.
Objective-C doesn't have member access control for methods, but you can emulate it using header files.
BasePerson.h
#interface BasePerson : NSObject
#property (strong,nonatomic) SomeClass *somePublicProperty;
-(void) somePublicMethod;
#end
BasePerson-Private.h
#import "BasePerson.h"
#interface BasePerson ()
#property (nonatomic, strong) NSMutableArray<Person*>* savedPersons;
#property (nonatomic) BOOL shouldSavePerson;
#end
BasePerson.m
#import "BasePerson-Private.h"
...
DerivedPerson1.h
#import "BasePerson-Private.h"
#inteface DerivedPerson1 : BasePerson
...
#end
Now any class that #imports BasePerson.h will only see the public methods. As I said though, this is only emulating access control since if a class #imports *BasePerson-Private.h" they will see the private members; this is just how C/Objective-C is.
We can achieve using #protected access specifier
#interface BasePerson : NSObject {
#protected NSMutableArray *savedPersons;
#protected BOOL shouldSavePerson;
}
DerivedPerson1.m
#implementation DerivedPerson1
- (instancetype)init
{
if (self = [super init]) {
self->savedPersons = [NSMutableArray array];
self->shouldSavePerson = NO;
}
return self;
}
#end
OtherClass.m
#import "OtherClass.h"
#import "BasePerson.h"
#implementation OtherClass
- (void)awakeFromNib {
BasePerson *base = [[BasePerson alloc]init];
base->savedPersons = #[];//Getting Error. Because it is not a subclass.
}
#end
I need to create proxy pattern in iOS using swift
I have tried it using Objective C and here is the code
MyProtocol.h
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#protocol MyProtocol <NSObject>
#required
-(void)testMessage;
#end
TestBO.h
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "MyProtocol.h"
#interface TestBO : NSObject <MyProtocol>
#end
TestBO.m
#import "TestBO.h"
#implementation TestBO
-(void)testMessage{
NSLog(#"Test Message");
}
#end
TestProxyHandler.h
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#interface TestProxyHandler : NSProxy
#property (nonatomic, strong) id object;
- (instancetype)initWithProtocol:(Protocol *)protocol andObject:(Class)clazz;
- (void)forwardInvocation:(NSInvocation *)invocation;
- (NSMethodSignature *)methodSignatureForSelector:(SEL)selector;
#end
TestProxyHandler.m
#import "TestProxyHandler.h"
#import "TestBO.h"
#implementation TestProxyHandler
- (instancetype)initWithProtocol:(Protocol *)protocol andObject:(Class)clazz{
if ([clazz conformsToProtocol:#protocol(MyProtocol)]) {
self.object = [[clazz alloc] init];
}else{
NSLog(#"Error it does not conform to protocol");
}
return self;
}
- (void)forwardInvocation:(NSInvocation *)invocation{
NSString *selString = NSStringFromSelector(invocation.selector);
NSLog(#"Called %#",selString);
[invocation invokeWithTarget:self.object];
}
- (NSMethodSignature *)methodSignatureForSelector:(SEL)selector {
return [self.object methodSignatureForSelector:selector];
}
#end
I have invoked it using
id <MyProtocol> delegate = (TestBO *)[[TestProxyHandler alloc] initWithProtocol:#protocol(MyProtocol) andObject:[TestBO class]];
[delegate testMessage];
But I am not able to make it work in Swift even the initialzier is showing that the message
TestHandler.swift
import Foundation
class TestHandler: NSProxy {
var object: AnyObject
convenience override init(`protocol`: Protocol, andObject clazz: AnyClass) {
if clazz.conformsToProtocol() {
self.object = clazz()
}
else {
NSLog("Error it does not conform to protocol")
}
}
}
Does anyone have any clue to do this in swift ??
EDIT:
In java you can create runtime implementation of a method using the Proxy.newProxyInstance call but can this be achieved in iOS ? using swift ? Any clue ?
Comparing with Objective C and Swift, Swift offers extremely limited access to runtime language access . So based on my research till now it can’t be done :(
I even tried subclassing the NSProxy class in swift but just couldn’t call the super.init and code never compiles but however same thing works in objective C
So I ended up doing this approach
I created a protocol using
#objc protocol SomeProt {
// Some method
}
Note the keyword #objc before protocol is essential else you would not be able to pass it as a variable, also adding #objc limits the usage of protocol to objective c runtime features so don’t expect to get full features of protocols in swift
public func someMethod(`protocol` : Protocol, implementation : AnyClass) {
let isImplemented : Bool = implementation.conformsToProtocol(`protocol`)
// some code
}
If you need to use it in some dictionary or places where it should conform to NSCopying class then use
NSStringFromProtocol
and
NSProtocolFromString
methods
Now I have wrote a objective c helper class to do the initialization
ObjcHelper.h
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#interface ObjcHelper : NSObject
+(NSObject *)objectForClass:(Class)clazz;
#end
ObjcHelper.m
#import "ObjcHelper.h"
#implementation ObjcHelper
+ (NSObject *)objectForClass:(Class)clazz{
return [[clazz alloc] init];
}
#end
Now to use it
let prot : SomeProt = ObjcHelper.objectForClass(NSClassFromString("PROT_HANDLER_CLASS_NAME")) as! SomeProt
However in future if anyone can offer a better answer then please be sure to post it here
I have a class that has a property declared as type id that adheres to a protocol and I'd like to ensure equality for it.
How do check for value equality on an property declared as type id?
#interface MyClass : NSObject
#property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *name;
#property (nonatomic, strong) id<SomeProtocol> attribute;
#end
#implementation MyClass
- (BOOL)isEqual:(id)object {
if (self == object) {
return YES;
}
if (![object isKindOfClass:[MyClass class]]) {
return NO;
}
return [self isEqualToMyClass:(MyClass *) object];
}
- (BOOL)isEqualToMyClass:(MyClass *)rhsValue {
if (rhsValue == nil) {
return NO;
}
return
([self.name isEqualToString:rhsValue.name] &&
// Compiler produces error: Error:(90, 36) no known instance method for selector 'isEqual:'
[self.attribute isEqual:rhs.attribute]);
}
#end
SomeProtocol is defined as:
#protocol SomeProtocol <NSObject>
#end
Class that extends SomeProtocol:
#interface MyAttributeClass : NSObject <SomeProtocol>
#end
MyAttributeClass implements the protocol SomeProtocol and it has its own isEqual and when an instance of it is stored by MyClass in attribute, I'd like to be able to check that the values are equivalent.
It is MyAttributeClass that gets assigned into MyClass:
MyClass *myClass = [[MyClass alloc] init];
myClass.name = "HAL";
myClass.attribute = [[MyAttributeClass alloc] init];
Probably you forgot to import the header containing the protocol definition. (Instead of only having a forward declaration.) Add that in front of the implementation.
I have class A, B and C with 2 methods in all 3 classes.
class A
- (void)onSuccess {
}
- (void)onFailure {
}
Then one CommonClass is there in which I’ll be doing some task. If class A is presenting CommonClass and after performing all the tasks I have to call either onSuccess() or onFailure() implemented in class A.
Which is the best way to do this, and how? In Java it's done by extend or abstract I guess.
You can create a protocol class like this. This has only a .h file
#protocol RequestProtocolDelegate <NSObject>
#optional
- (void)onSuccess;
- (void)onFailure;
#end
and to use it in your class like this
file .h
#include "RequestProtocolDelegate.h"
#interface CommonClass : NSObject <RequestProtocolDelegate> {
}
#end
file .m
- (void)onSuccess {
}
- (void)onFailure {
}
Now you can use in your CommonClass this protocol
If I understood you correctly then it should be done with delegation. For exam:
//CommonClass.h
#protocol CommonDelegate <NSObject>
// list protocol methods...
- (void)onSuccess;
- (void)onFailure;
#optional
#interface CommonClass : NSObject
#property (nonatomic, strong) id delegate;
-(void)Task;
#end
//CommonClass.m
#import "CommonClass.h"
#synthesize delegate;
-(void)Task
{
if(do smth task){
[delegate onSuccess];
}
else{
[delegate onFailure]
}
}
// ClassA.h
#import "CommonClass.h"
#interface ClassA : NSObject <CommonClassDelegate>
#end
// ClassA.m
-(void)init
{
CommonClass *common = [[CommonClass alloc] init];
common.delegate = self;
[common Task];
}
- (void)onSuccess
{
// do smth
}
- (void)onFailure
{
// do smth
}
... Do the same for class B and C
Newbie to objective C...
NOTE: This is a conceptual problem, as I'm trying to translate "public and private" from what I know about other languages.
How can I access the "stringB" ivar through the "public" method?
myClass.h
#interface myClass : UIViewController {
}
#property (nonatomic, retain) NSString *stringA;
#property (nonatomic, retain) NSString *stringB;
- (void)dealWithStringA;
+ (void)dealWithStringB;
myClass.m
#import "myClass.h"
#interface myClass () {
}
#end
#implementation myClass
// My "private" function
- (void)dealWithStringA
{
return _stringA;
}
// My "public" function
+ (void)dealWithStringB
{
// Errors with: Instance variable "stringB" accessed in class method
return _stringB;
}
The method starting with a + is called a class method in objective C where a method starting with - is an instance method. An instance method can be performed on an instance of that class only.
Also the return type for your method would be an NSString since you are expecting to get a string object from that method.
For a class method, you'll need to create an autoreleasing instance of that class and then perform operations on that instance.
For eg.
+ (NSString*)dealWithStringB
{
MyClass *myClass = [[[MyClass alloc] init] autorelease];
myClass.stringB = #"Its String B";//It's an absurd example
return myClass.stringB;
}
You are wrong with understanding "+", "-" - it's not about private / public.
To have a private function you should implement that in your .m file:
#interface YourClass ()
- (id) privateMethod;
#end
Everything you declare in .h file will be public:
#interface YourClass : NSObject
- (id)someMethod //public
#end
"+" is used for static functions so you can call them without having an instance of a class.
For example in your case:
[myClass dealWithStringB];
and for "-" function you need instance.
[[[myClass alloc] init] dealWithStringA];
The static functions can be used when you don't need any properties from a class or to they are pretty often used to create instances of classes.
The "+" prefix means class method, not public. A "-" stands for instance method, not private.
Both public and private methods can access the private state of the class or instance.
myClass.h (Similar to yours)
#interface myClass : UIViewController
{
}
#property (nonatomic, retain) NSString *stringA;
#property (nonatomic, retain) NSString *stringB;
- (void)dealWithStringA;
+ (void)dealWithStringB;
#end
myClass.m
#implementation myClass
#synthesize stringA ;
#synthesize stringB ;
static myClass* instance = nil;
+(void) dealWithStringB
{
if(instance==nil)
{
instance=[myClass alloc]init];
}
else
{
//Access the field this way
printf("#"The string content is %#",instance.stringB);
}
}
Hope its Clear!!!