Hello Trying to update jenkins Env variables from Powershell script written in stage
pipeline {
agent { label 'master' }
environment {
def var1 = "default_value"
def var2 = "default var 2"
}
stages {
stage ('step-1') {
steps {
script {
powershell (returnStdout: true, script: '''
${env:var1} = "changed from powershell"
${env:var2} = "var2 changed from powershell"
''').trim()
}
}
}
stage ("step-2"){
steps {
echo var1
echo var2
}
}
}
}
I can access values but cannot change the same, Does Scope is limited to Powershell only?
By design, a subshell cannot modify the environment of its parent shell. Every powershell, sh, or bat step called within a Jenkinsfile spawns a new subshell to run the child processes. Therefore, any environment variable declared inside these steps are lost as soon as the child processes end and are not available to the pipeline Groovy script.
One way to do this currently in a Jenkinsfile is to assign the stdout of your subshell to a variable in the Groovy script itself.
script {
env.var1 = powershell(returnStdout: true, script: '<single command>').trim()
}
Evidently, this approach has serious limitations as you can run only one command at a time and that too, only if it would return an appropriate output to be used as a variable.
Another way is to write the values to a file and then read these values using Groovy script to set the environment variables downstream in your pipeline.
Edit
Based on your comment, if your stdout returns two distinct values as a string, you can try parsing them into separate values. For example:
script {
def output = powershell(returnStdout: true, script: '''
<command1>
<command2>
''')
println(output)
/*Prints:
value1
value2
*/
env.var1 = output.tokenize('\n')[0].trim() \\value1
env.var2 = output.tokenize('\n')[1].trim() \\value2
}
Related
I am setting environment variable BRANCH_NAME_test in my Groovy script, which I then call in my scripted pipeline, I would like to use ENV variable set in the groovy script in the pipeline but echo "${env.BRANCH_NAME_test}" returns null.
Setting of the env variable in groovy script:
environment {
def BRANCH_NAME_test = "branch"
}
Pipeline:
node () {
script {
echo "${env.BRANCH_NAME_test}"
}
}
I need to pass environment variables to my executable and my unit tests. This works locally but not on Jenkins. On Jenkins, my environment variable gets reset in between gradle tasks
task setupEnv(type: Exec) {
commandLine 'export', "ABC=def"
}
test {
dependsOn 'setupEnv'
scanForTestClasses = false
include '**/*Test.*'
}
Note: I'm simplifying here for SO (I'm aware of the environment command in Gradle) but even with this simple example it works locally but not on Jenkins, meaning *Test.java files see nothing for System.getEnv("ABC"). I'm looking at how to not have Jenkins reset environment variables
There are two options to set dynamical env in pipeline. As a result these envs will be available globally (to all stages in the pipeline):
set it in a stage
stage('set date') {
steps {
script {
env.ANY_NAME_OF_THE_SCRIPT=sh(returnStdout: true, script: "date +%Y-%m-%d").trim()
}
}
}
set it in environment
pipeline {
agent {
label 'some_label'
}
environment {
HELLO = """${sh(
returnStdout: true,
script: 'echo hello'
).trim()}"""
}
}
I've a global variable in pipeline say BACKUP_DIR_NAME and in shell script which is inside pipeline, I want to build path using it hence have following code -
BACKUP_DIR_NAME="10-04-2020"
pipeline {
agent any
stages {
stage('First') {
steps {
script {
sh '''
BACKUP_DIR_PATH="/home/oracle/SeleniumFramework/SeleniumResultsBackup/"$BACKUP_DIR_NAME"/"
echo "Directory path is "$BACKUP_DIR_PATH
'''
}
}
}
}
}
When executed this, I can see value of BACKUP_DIR_NAME is evaluated as empty. Could you please help me to correct above code?
You mix two types of variables in your sh step. In the first line, you are trying to access the Groovy variable and interpolate its value to construct shell variable. In the second line, you expect to access this shell variable.
To satisfy the first part, you need to use double quotes to construct a Groovy string that supports variables interpolation. To satisfy the second part, you need to escape \$ to prevent $BACKUP_DIR_PATH from being interpolated.
BACKUP_DIR_NAME="10-04-2020"
pipeline {
agent any
stages {
stage('First') {
steps {
script {
sh """
BACKUP_DIR_PATH="/home/oracle/SeleniumFramework/SeleniumResultsBackup/"$BACKUP_DIR_NAME"/"
echo "Directory path is "\$BACKUP_DIR_PATH
"""
}
}
}
}
}
Given a jenkins build pipeline, jenkins injects a variable env into the node{}. Variable env holds environment variables and values.
I want to print all env properties within the jenkins pipeline. However, I do no not know all env properties ahead of time.
For example, environment variable BRANCH_NAME can be printed with code
node {
echo ${env.BRANCH_NAME}
...
But again, I don't know all variables ahead of time. I want code that handles that, something like
node {
for(e in env){
echo e + " is " + ${e}
}
...
which would echo something like
BRANCH_NAME is myBranch2
CHANGE_ID is 44
...
I used Jenkins 2.1 for this example.
According to Jenkins documentation for declarative pipeline:
sh 'printenv'
For Jenkins scripted pipeline:
echo sh(script: 'env|sort', returnStdout: true)
The above also sorts your env vars for convenience.
Another, more concise way:
node {
echo sh(returnStdout: true, script: 'env')
// ...
}
cf. https://jenkins.io/doc/pipeline/steps/workflow-durable-task-step/#code-sh-code-shell-script
The following works:
#NonCPS
def printParams() {
env.getEnvironment().each { name, value -> println "Name: $name -> Value $value" }
}
printParams()
Note that it will most probably fail on first execution and require you approve various groovy methods to run in jenkins sandbox. This is done in "manage jenkins/in-process script approval"
The list I got included:
BUILD_DISPLAY_NAME
BUILD_ID
BUILD_NUMBER
BUILD_TAG
BUILD_URL
CLASSPATH
HUDSON_HOME
HUDSON_SERVER_COOKIE
HUDSON_URL
JENKINS_HOME
JENKINS_SERVER_COOKIE
JENKINS_URL
JOB_BASE_NAME
JOB_NAME
JOB_URL
You can accomplish the result using sh/bat step and readFile:
node {
sh 'env > env.txt'
readFile('env.txt').split("\r?\n").each {
println it
}
}
Unfortunately env.getEnvironment() returns very limited map of environment variables.
Why all this complicatedness?
sh 'env'
does what you need (under *nix)
Cross-platform way of listing all environment variables:
if (isUnix()) {
sh env
}
else {
bat set
}
Here's a quick script you can add as a pipeline job to list all environment variables:
node {
echo(env.getEnvironment().collect({environmentVariable -> "${environmentVariable.key} = ${environmentVariable.value}"}).join("\n"))
echo(System.getenv().collect({environmentVariable -> "${environmentVariable.key} = ${environmentVariable.value}"}).join("\n"))
}
This will list both system and Jenkins variables.
I use Blue Ocean plugin and did not like each environment entry getting its own block. I want one block with all the lines.
Prints poorly:
sh 'echo `env`'
Prints poorly:
sh 'env > env.txt'
for (String i : readFile('env.txt').split("\r?\n")) {
println i
}
Prints well:
sh 'env > env.txt'
sh 'cat env.txt'
Prints well: (as mentioned by #mjfroehlich)
echo sh(script: 'env', returnStdout: true)
The pure Groovy solutions that read the global env variable don't print all environment variables (e. g. they are missing variables from the environment block, from withEnv context and most of the machine-specific variables from the OS). Using shell steps it is possible to get a more complete set, but that requires a node context, which is not always wanted.
Here is a solution that uses the getContext step to retrieve and print the complete set of environment variables, including pipeline parameters, for the current context.
Caveat: Doesn't work in Groovy sandbox. You can use it from a trusted shared library though.
def envAll = getContext( hudson.EnvVars )
echo envAll.collect{ k, v -> "$k = $v" }.join('\n')
Show all variable in Windows system and Unix system is different, you can define a function to call it every time.
def showSystemVariables(){
if(isUnix()){
sh 'env'
} else {
bat 'set'
}
}
I will call this function first to show all variables in all pipline script
stage('1. Show all variables'){
steps {
script{
showSystemVariables()
}
}
}
The easiest and quickest way is to use following url to print all environment variables
http://localhost:8080/env-vars.html/
The answers above, are now antiquated due to new pipeline syntax. Below prints out the environment variables.
script {
sh 'env > env.txt'
String[] envs = readFile('env.txt').split("\r?\n")
for(String vars: envs){
println(vars)
}
}
Includes both system and build environment vars:
sh script: "printenv", label: 'print environment variables'
if you really want to loop over the env list just do:
def envs = sh(returnStdout: true, script: 'env').split('\n')
envs.each { name ->
println "Name: $name"
}
I found this is the most easiest way:
pipeline {
agent {
node {
label 'master'
}
}
stages {
stage('hello world') {
steps {
sh 'env'
}
}
}
}
You can get all variables from your jenkins instance. Just visit:
${jenkins_host}/env-vars.html
${jenkins_host}/pipeline-syntax/globals
ref: https://www.jenkins.io/doc/pipeline/tour/environment/
node {
sh 'printenv'
}
You can use sh 'printenv'
stage('1') {
sh "printenv"
}
another way to get exactly the output mentioned in the question:
envtext= "printenv".execute().text
envtext.split('\n').each
{ envvar=it.split("=")
println envvar[0]+" is "+envvar[1]
}
This can easily be extended to build a map with a subset of env vars matching a criteria:
envdict=[:]
envtext= "printenv".execute().text
envtext.split('\n').each
{ envvar=it.split("=")
if (envvar[0].startsWith("GERRIT_"))
envdict.put(envvar[0],envvar[1])
}
envdict.each{println it.key+" is "+it.value}
I suppose that you needed that in form of a script, but if someone else just want to have a look through the Jenkins GUI, that list can be found by selecting the "Environment Variables" section in contextual left menu of every build
Select project => Select build => Environment Variables
I am doing a simple pipeline:
Build -> Staging -> Production
I need different environment variables for staging and production, so i am trying to source variables.
sh 'source $JENKINS_HOME/.envvars/stacktest-staging.sh'
But it returns Not found
[Stack Test] Running shell script
+ source /var/jenkins_home/.envvars/stacktest-staging.sh
/var/jenkins_home/workspace/Stack Test#tmp/durable-bcbe1515/script.sh: 2: /var/jenkins_home/workspace/Stack Test#tmp/durable-bcbe1515/script.sh: source: not found
The path is right, because i run the same command when i log via ssh, and it works fine.
Here is the pipeline idea:
node {
stage name: 'Build'
// git and gradle build OK
echo 'My build stage'
stage name: 'Staging'
sh 'source $JENKINS_HOME/.envvars/stacktest-staging.sh' // PROBLEM HERE
echo '$DB_URL' // Expects http://production_url/my_db
sh 'gradle flywayMigrate' // To staging
input message: "Does Staging server look good?"
stage name: 'Production'
sh 'source $JENKINS_HOME/.envvars/stacktest-production.sh'
echo '$DB_URL' // Expects http://production_url/my_db
sh 'gradle flywayMigrate' // To production
sh './deploy.sh'
}
What should i do?
I was thinking about not using pipeline (but i will not be able to use my Jenkinsfile).
Or make different jobs for staging and production, using EnvInject Plugin (But i lose my stage view)
Or make withEnv (but the code gets big, because today i am working with 12 env vars)
One way you could load environment variables from a file is to load a Groovy file.
For example:
Let's say you have a groovy file in '$JENKINS_HOME/.envvars' called 'stacktest-staging.groovy'.
Inside this file, you define 2 environment variables you want to load
env.DB_URL="hello"
env.DB_URL2="hello2"
You can then load this in using
load "$JENKINS_HOME/.envvars/stacktest-staging.groovy"
Then you can use them in subsequent echo/shell steps.
For example, here is a short pipeline script:
node {
load "$JENKINS_HOME/.envvars/stacktest-staging.groovy"
echo "${env.DB_URL}"
echo "${env.DB_URL2}"
}
From the comments to the accepted answer
Don't use global 'env' but use 'withEnv' construct, eg see:
issue #9: don't set env vars with global env in top 10 best practices jenkins pipeline plugin
In the following example: VAR1 is a plain java string (no groovy variable expansion), VAR2 is a groovy string (so variable 'someGroovyVar' is expanded).
The passed script is a plain java string, so $VAR1 and $VAR2 are passed literally to the shell, and the echo's are accessing environment variables VAR1 and VAR2.
stage('build') {
def someGroovyVar = 'Hello world'
withEnv(['VAR1=VALUE ONE',
"VAR2=${someGroovyVar}"
]) {
def result = sh(script: 'echo $VAR1; echo $VAR2', returnStdout: true)
echo result
}
}
For secrets / passwords you can use credentials binding plugin
Example:
NOTE: CREDENTIALS_ID1 is a registered username/password secret on the Jenkins settings.
stage('Push') {
withCredentials([usernamePassword(
credentialsId: 'CREDENTIALS_ID1',
passwordVariable: 'PASSWORD',
usernameVariable: 'USER')]) {
echo "User name: $USER"
echo "Password: $PASSWORD"
}
}
The jenkisn console log output hides the real values:
[Pipeline] echo
User name: ****
[Pipeline] echo
Password: ****
Jenkins and credentials is a big issue, probably see: credentials plugin
For completeness: Most of the time, we need the secrets in environment variables, as we use them from shell scripts, so we combine the withCredentials and withEnv like follows:
stage('Push') {
withCredentials([usernamePassword(
credentialsId: 'CREDENTIALS_ID1',
passwordVariable: 'PASSWORD',
usernameVariable: 'USER')]) {
withEnv(["ENV_USERNAME=${USER}",
"ENV_PASSWORD=${PASSWORD}"
]) {
def result = sh(script: 'echo $ENV_USERNAME', returnStdout: true)
echo result
}
}
}
Another way to resolve this install 'Pipeline Utility Steps' plugin that provides us readProperties method ( for reference please go to the link https://jenkins.io/doc/pipeline/steps/pipeline-utility-steps/#pipeline-utility-steps)
Here in the example we can see that they are storing the keys into an array and using the keys to retrieve the value.
But in that case the in production the problem will be like if we add any variable later into property file that variable needs to be added into the array of Jenkins file as well.
To get rid of this tight coupling, we can write code in such a way so that the Jenkins build environment can get information automatically about all the existing keys which presents currently in the Property file. Here is an example for the reference
def loadEnvironmentVariables(path){
def props = readProperties file: path
keys= props.keySet()
for(key in keys) {
value = props["${key}"]
env."${key}" = "${value}"
}
}
And the client code looks like
path = '\\ABS_Output\\EnvVars\\pic_env_vars.properties'
loadEnvironmentVariables(path)
With declarative pipeline, you can do it in one line ( change path by your value):
script {
readProperties(file: path).each {key, value -> env[key] = value }
}
Using withEnv() to pass environment variables from file splitted by new line and casted to List:
writeFile file: 'version.txt', text: 'version=6.22.0'
withEnv(readFile('version.txt').split('\n') as List) {
sh "echo ${version}"
}
If you are using Jenkins 2.0 you can load the property file (which consists of all required Environment variables along with their corresponding values) and read all the environment variables listed there automatically and inject it into the Jenkins provided env entity.
Here is a method which performs the above stated action.
def loadProperties(path) {
properties = new Properties()
File propertiesFile = new File(path)
properties.load(propertiesFile.newDataInputStream())
Set<Object> keys = properties.keySet();
for(Object k:keys){
String key = (String)k;
String value =(String) properties.getProperty(key)
env."${key}" = "${value}"
}
}
To call this method we need to pass the path of property file as a string variable For example, in our Jenkins file using groovy script we can call like
path = "${workspace}/pic_env_vars.properties"
loadProperties(path)
Please ask me if you have any doubt
Here is a complete example of externalizing environment variables and loading them in Jenkins pipeline execution. The pipeline is written in a declarative style.
stage('Reading environment variable defined in groovy file') {
steps {
script {
load "./pipeline/basics/extenvvariable/env.groovy"
echo "${env.env_var1}"
echo "${env.env_var2}"
}
}
}
Complete code example:
https://github.com/dhruv-bansal/jenkins-pipeline-exploration/blob/master/pipeline/basics/extenvvariable/Jenkinsfile
Where variables are loaded from a groovy file placed with the pipeline code only.
https://github.com/dhruv-bansal/jenkins-pipeline-exploration/blob/master/pipeline/basics/extenvvariable/env.groovy
This pattern comes very handy when you are creating a generic pipeline that could be used across teams.
You can externalize the dependent variable in such groovy file and each team can define their values according to their ecosystem.
Another solution is to use a custom method without allowing extra permissions such as for new Properties() which leads to this error before allowing:
org.jenkinsci.plugins.scriptsecurity.sandbox.RejectedAccessException: Scripts not permitted to use new java.util.Properties
or adding extra plugin methods such as readProperties.
here is a method which reads a simple file named env_vars in this format:
FOO=bar
FOO2=bar
pipeline {
<... skipped lines ...>
script {
loadEnvironmentVariablesFromFile("env_vars")
echo "show time! ${BAR} ${BAR2}"
}
<... skipped lines ...>
}
private void loadEnvironmentVariablesFromFile(String path) {
def file = readFile(path)
file.split('\n').each { envLine ->
def (key, value) = envLine.tokenize('=')
env."${key}" = "${value}"
}
}