Twilio Functions Error 20429 - Too many requests multiple sms messages - ios

I am using Twilio functions and Programable SMS to send SMS Messages to a list of numbers form my iOS App. There are just over 100 mobile numbers (113 on the time of this error) in the list. Most of these messages send but then the function says that it timed out after 502ms.
I am using the example code from Twilio to send to group messages (that I have copied below) and making a URLSession request from my iOS app.
Is there a way that I can fix this issue so that I can send to this fairly large list of phone numbers or make the function run for longer?
Thank you very much for your help.
Tom
Request:
let messagesPhoneNumberString = [+447987654321abc,+447123789456def,+447123456789ghi]
"https://myfunction.twil.io/send-messages?phoneAndID=\(messagesPhoneNumberString)&globalID=\(current globalID)"
My Twilio Function Code:
exports.handler = function(context, event, callback) {
let phoneAndIDString = event['phoneAndID'];
let globalID String = event['globalID'];
let numbersArray = phoneAndIDString.split(",");
Promise.all(
numbersArray(number => {
let phoneNumberSplit = "+" + number.slice(1, 13);
let idSplit = number.slice(13);
console.log('Send to number: ' + phoneNumberSplit + ' - with ID: ' + idSplit);
return context.getTwilioClient().messages.create({
to: phoneNumberSplit,
from: 'Example',
body: 'Hello World: ' + idSplit
});
})
)
.then(messages => {
console.log('Messages sent!');
callback(null, response);
})
.catch(err => console.error(err));
};

Twilio developer evangelist here.
Twilio Functions has a timeout of 5 seconds, so it is likely not the best idea to use a Twilio Function to send that many messages in one go.
You have some options though.
If you are sending all those numbers the same message then you could use the Twilio Notify passthrough API. Check out the details in this blog post about sending mass messages with Node.js.
Otherwise, if you have to send different messages then you could split up the numbers into batches and use the same function multiple times.
Finally, you could use a different platform to send the messages that doesn't have a 5 second limit.

In addition to the options provided in Phil's answer you could use recursion.
You could trigger the process from your app and pass all numbers in the initial function call just like you do now.
Then, the idea is to send just one message per function call and let the Twilio function call itself after it receives the response from .create(). This means no concurent calls to send messages, messages are sent one after another though the order in which they are received is not necessary the order in which the numbers are passed in the query string.
You'll need to add axios in the function dependencies configuration (https://www.twilio.com/console/runtime/functions/configure).
Axios is used to make the HTTP request to the function from within the function.
Each function run, tests for the stop condition which happens when the phone numbers query string length is zero. Then, uses .shift() to remove the first element from the numbers array to work with it. The remaining array is passed to the next function call.
This is the code I've tried, and it worked for me, but you'll have to change (the 11 length on .slice() method) for +44 because I've tested with US numbers +1 which are shorter in length.
exports.handler = function(context, event, callback) {
const axios = require("axios");
let phoneAndIDString = event["phoneAndID"].trim();
console.log(phoneAndIDString);
let globalIDString = event["globalID"].trim();
// stop condition for recursive call
if (phoneAndIDString.length === 0) {
return callback(null, true);
}
let numbersArray = phoneAndIDString.split(",");
console.log(numbersArray);
// take the first item of array
let number = numbersArray.shift();
console.log(number);
// the remaining array will be passed to the next function call
phoneAndIDString = numbersArray.join();
console.log(phoneAndIDString);
let phoneNumberSplit = "+" + number.slice(0, 11);
let idSplit = number.slice(11);
console.log("Send to number: " + phoneNumberSplit + " - with ID: " + idSplit);
context
.getTwilioClient()
.messages.create({
to: phoneNumberSplit,
from: "+17775553333",
body: "Hello World: " + idSplit
})
.then(msg => {
console.log("Message sent: " + msg.sid);
axios
.get(
"https://foo-bar-1234.twil.io/send-messages?globalID=baz&phoneAndID=" +
phoneAndIDString
)
.then(function(response) {
// handle success
console.log(response.status);
return callback(null, true);
})
.catch(function(err) {
// handle error
console.error(err);
});
})
.catch(function(err) {
console.error(err);
});
};
Try to go step by step with it while testing, console log things and then return early with return callback(null, true) as you go from top to bottom so you make sure you don't go in a loop.

Related

Forwarding an incoming call after task reservation timeout

I am using Twilio Flex to support a call center. I have a TaskRouter workflow set up where Task Reservation Timeout is set to 120 seconds. In its filter, I've created two routing steps. The first one finds matching workers in the main queue and has a timeout of 120 seconds. After 120 seconds, it should move to Call Forward Queue. In the call forward queue, no workers exist (target worker expression: 1==2). I'm catching all these events with a "trEventListener" function. Once a task is moved into the Call Forward queue, I call the "callForward" function which uses twiml.dial() to connect the call to an external number. I also change this task's status to "canceled" with a custom reason so I can track it in flex insights. I am using the guide in this link to form my logic: https://support.twilio.com/hc/en-us/articles/360021082934-Implementing-Voicemail-with-Twilio-Flex-TaskRouter-and-WFO.
Call forwarding is working fine but according to Flex insights, there are some calls that get handled after 120 seconds (between 120 - 300 seconds). Ideally, these should be forwarded as well. There is also no error logged for me to track down why this is happening to only a handful of calls.
Furthermore, in some cases, when I try to change the task status to cancel with my custom reason, it spits out the following error: Cannot cancel task because it is not pending or reserved. In other cases, it works fine. It's again hard to figure out why it's selectively working and not consistent in its behavior.
Here is the function code.
trEventListener.js:
exports.handler = function(context, event, callback) {
const client = context.getTwilioClient();
let task = '';
let workspace = '';
console.log(`__[trEventStream]__: Event recieved of type: ${event.EventType}`);
// setup an empty success response
let response = new Twilio.Response();
response.setStatusCode(204);
// switch on the event type
switch(event.EventType) {
case 'task-queue.entered':
// ignore events that are not entering the 'Call Forward' TaskQueue
if (event.TaskQueueName !== 'Call Forward') {
console.log(`__[trEventStream]__: Entered ${event.TaskQueueName} queue - no forwarding required!`);
return callback(null, response);
}
console.log(`__[trEventStream]__: entered ${event.TaskQueueName} queue - forwarding call!`);
task = event.TaskSid;
workspace = event.WorkspaceSid;
const ta = JSON.parse(event.TaskAttributes);
const callSid = ta.call_sid;
let url = `https://${context.DOMAIN_NAME}/forwardCall`;
// redirect call to forwardCall function
client.calls(callSid).update({
method: 'POST',
url: encodeURI(url),
}).then(() => {
console.log(`__[trEventStream]__: [SUCCESS] ~> Task with id ${task} forwarded to external DID`);
// change task status to canceled so it doesn't appear in flex or show up as a pending task
client.taskrouter.workspaces(workspace)
.tasks(task)
.update({
assignmentStatus: 'canceled',
reason: 'Call forwarded'
})
.then(task => {
console.log(`__[trEventStream]__: [SUCCESS] ~> Task canceled`);
return callback(null, response);
}).catch(err => {
console.log(`__[trEventStream]__: [ERROR] ~> Task not marked complete: `, err);
// doesn't warrant reponse 500 since call still forwarded :)
return callback(null, response);
});
}).catch(err => {
console.log(`__[trEventStream]__: [ERROR] ~> Task failed to forward to external DID: `, err);
response.setStatusCode(500);
return callback(err, response);
});
break;
default:
return callback(null, response);
}
};
callForward.js:
exports.handler = function(context, event, callback) {
console.log(`forwarding call`);
// set-up the variables that this Function will use to forward a phone call using TwiML
// REQUIRED - you must set this
let phoneNumber = event.PhoneNumber || context.NUMBER;
// OPTIONAL
let callerId = event.CallerId || null;
// OPTIONAL
let timeout = event.Timeout || null;
// OPTIONAL
let allowedCallers = event.allowedCallers || [];
let allowedThrough = true;
if (allowedCallers.length > 0) {
if (allowedCallers.indexOf(event.From) === -1) {
allowedThrough = false;
}
}
// generate the TwiML to tell Twilio how to forward this call
let twiml = new Twilio.twiml.VoiceResponse();
let dialParams = {};
if (callerId) {
dialParams.callerId = callerId;
}
if (timeout) {
dialParams.timeout = timeout;
}
if (allowedThrough) {
twiml.dial(dialParams, phoneNumber); // making call :)
}
else {
twiml.say('Sorry, you are calling from a restricted number. Good bye.');
}
// return the TwiML
callback(null, twiml);
};
Any kind of help and/or guidance will be appreciated.
Twilio developer evangelist here.
When you redirect a call from a task, its task is cancelled with the reason "redirected" so you don't need to cancel it yourself.
Your code was failing to update the task occasionally because of a race condition between your code and the task getting cancelled by Twilio.

Twilio-Client always returns connection status as open on outbound call even if the recipient has not accepted the call yet

I am trying to get the status of outbound call made through Twilio Client(js) v 1.10.1. But the .status() method returns the value as "open" even if the call is in ringing state. I tried adding enableRingingState: true as a parameter while initializing the Twilio.Device and also set the answerOnBridge="true" while creating the TwiMl Dial verb at server side.
As per the official documentation, js sdk should be returning these status "pending", "connecting", "ringing", "open", "closed".
This is required to showing "calling..." until the call is picked and start the timer(mm:ss) in my dialer in browser as soon the call is picked.
Note: Tried the same with Twilio's Quickstart guide code as well.
/**** Pseudo Code is like below ***/
// FRONT END CODE
let device = require('twilio-client').Device;
let outboundCall = '';
const twilioInit = () => {
// axios call to get capability {token} from service
device = device.setup(token,
{
allowIncomingWhileBusy: true,
enableRingingState: true
});
device.ready(function () {
console.log("Twilio ready");
device.identity = "Ratan";
console.log("Twilio Device ", device);
});
device.error(function (error) {
console.log("error in twilio ", error);
if (error.message == "JWT Token Expired") {
alert("token expired");
}
// If token has expired, dispatch an action to get new token.
});
}
// on phone icon click i am calling the below method
const makeOutboundCall = () => {
outboundCall = device.connect({
To: '+911234567890' // This is not the real phone number, I use number from list of Twilio verified numbers
});
outboundCall.on('ringing', function (hasEarlyMedia) {
console.log("ringing");
});
// Then tracking the status of this outboundCall object in setInterval function with a interval of one second by outboundCall.status() and clearing the..
// ..setInterval once the call disconnects
}
// BACK END CODE - SERVER SIDE (WEBHOOK)
#RequestMapping(value="/callCustomers", produces= "text/xml")
public String callByBrowserToMobile(#RequestParam String ApplicationSid, #RequestParam String ApiVersion,
#RequestParam String Called, #RequestParam String Caller,
#RequestParam String CallStatus, #RequestParam String To,
#RequestParam String From, #RequestParam String CallSid,
#RequestParam String Direction, #RequestParam String AccountSid) {
Number number = new Number.Builder(To).build();
Dial dial = new Dial.Builder().answerOnBridge(true).number(number).callerId(myTwilioNumber).build();
VoiceResponse response = new VoiceResponse.Builder().dial(dial).build();
logger.info(response.toXml());
return response.toXml();
}
The call is placed correctly but the issue is only with tracking outbound call status with twilio js library so that i can start call timer in UI once the call is picked by recipient.
Twilio developer evangelist here.
Edit: Found out what the issue was
When using <Dial answerOnBridge="true"> to make the ringing events available, the <Dial> needs to be the first TwiML that Twilio sees when it starts the call. When you are using a free trial account Twilio plays a message at the start of the call which acts as the first TwiML that is seen, so the answerOnBridge attribute doesn't take effect and you don't get the ringing events as you'd expect.
To fix this particular issue you will need to upgrade your account so that Twilio no longer reads out the trial account message at the start of the call.
Original answer:
I wouldn't use setInterval to poll the status of the call. Instead, I would listen to the events on the connection object. So your makeOutboundCall function should look a bit like this:
const makeOutboundCall = () => {
outboundCall = device.connect({
To: TO_NUMBER
});
outboundCall.on("ringing", (hasEarlyMedia) => {
console.log("The call has started and the other phone is ringing.");
});
outboundCall.on("accept", (connection) => {
console.log("The other person answered the phone!");
});
outboundCall.on("disconnect", () => {
console.log("The other person hung up.");
});
}
Let me know if that helps at all.

How to properly Loop through SMS sending via Twilio Functions

I have Twilio Studio calling a Twilio Function and need it to send email to a variable list (small list) of emails. This question is mostly around looping through them as I can pass variables just fine. I have an array of emails to send a text to and am in a Twilio Function. But all examples I find online are about sending to just ONE. Part of me thinks this needs to be a Twilio Function calling another Twilio function (one loops, the other sends Emails)... but I can't figure out a way to do that. If I could contain it to one Twilio function, that would be great.
I have Twilio Studio calling a Twilio function. I need to keep this all on Twilio... so looping through via PHP and running functions one at a time through there doesn't work. I need this to run on Twilio's serverless setup.
Here's an example of what I have that works:
exports.handler = function(context, event, callback) {
// using SendGrid's v3 Node.js Library
// https://github.com/sendgrid/sendgrid-nodejs
const sgMail = require('#sendgrid/mail');
sgMail.setApiKey(context.SENDGRID_API_KEY);
const msg = {
to: 'me#example.com',
from: 'noreply#example.com',
templateId: 'my-id-goes-here',
dynamic_template_data: {
recipient_name: 'John Smith'
}
};
sgMail.send(msg).then(response => {
let twiml = new Twilio.twiml.MessagingResponse();
callback(null, twiml);
})
.catch(err => {
callback(err);
});
};
Here's me trying to loop through in similar fashion and failing
exports.handler = function(context, event, callback) {
const sgMail = require('#sendgrid/mail');
sgMail.setApiKey(context.SENDGRID_API_KEY);
var responder_emails = 'me#example.com,me+test1#example.com';
var emails_a = responder_emails.split(',');
emails_a.forEach(function(responder_email) {
const msg = {
to: responder_email,
from: 'noreply#example.com',
templateId: 'my-id-goes-here',
dynamic_template_data: {
recipient_name: 'John Smith'
}
};
sgMail.send(msg);
});
callback();
};
I can pass in multiple emails into a Twilio function... I'm just not sure how to loop through correctly.
Heyo. Twilio Evangelist here. 👋
In your first example, you rightfully waited for the send call to be done by using then. In your second example, you missed that. You run several send calls but immediately call callback without waiting.
A fixed (roughly prototyped version) could look as follows.
exports.handler = function(context, event, callback) {
const sgMail = require('#sendgrid/mail');
sgMail.setApiKey(context.SENDGRID_API_KEY);
var responder_emails = 'me#example.com,me+test1#example.com';
var emails_a = responder_emails.split(',');
Promise.all(emails_a.map(function(responder_email) {
const msg = {
to: responder_email,
from: 'noreply#example.com',
templateId: 'my-id-goes-here',
dynamic_template_data: {
recipient_name: 'John Smith'
}
};
return sgMail.send(msg);
})).then(function() {
callback();
}).catch(function(e) {
callback(e);
})
});
You have already an array of emails because you called split. You can use this array in combination with Array.map and Promise.all.
Map basically iterates over your array and lets you create a new array with whatever you return from the function inside of map. What the code above does is that it transforms [email, email] to [Promise, Promise]. The promises are the return value of sgMail.send.
Now, that you have an array holding promises that will resolve when sendgrid accepted your call, you can use Promise.all. This method waits for all the promises to be resolved (or rejected) and returns itself a new promise which you can use then with. When all sendgrid calls are done it's time to finish the function by calling the function callback.
Side note: this "map/Promise.all" trick performs all send grid calls in parallel. There might be situations where you want to call them one after another (saying you are doing a lot of calls and run into rate limiting).
Hope that helps and let me know how it goes. :)

Create a HTTP POST to Twilio Functions (send SMS)

I have created a Twilio function that I would like to use to send my affiliate referral link to subscribers of an application that come through my channel.
It works fine with a static to / from number, however I would like to make the "to" field a dynamic variable that can be manipulated via a HTTP/Webhook POST when a Zapier detects a new subscriber to my Mailchimp mailing list and pass their phone number as the variable.
I am also unclear what I need to do to authenticate the client (Zapier) that is making the POST as I do not want the function open to the world to use, if any insights can be shared on this it would be sincerely appreciated - I am a very inexperienced programmer trying to learn very quickly!
#philnash - thanks for your suggestion, implementing it slowly!
Many thanks in advance!
exports.handler = function(context, event, callback) {
const appCodes = ['code1', 'code2', 'code3', 'code4']
var smsBody = refCode ();
function refCode () {
return appCodes[Math.floor((Math.random() * appCodes.length))];
};
context.getTwilioClient().messages.create({
to: '+11112223333', // How do I make this dynamic from HTTP/Zapier Webhook POST???
from: '+1444555666',
body: `Get the App: ${smsBody}`
}).then(msg => {
callback(null, msg.sid);
}).catch(err => callback(err));
}
Twilio developer evangelist here.
I presume the Zapier webhook is sending the details, including the phone number, as the body of the POST request.
All the parameters in a request body appear on the event object that is passed into your handler. You probably want to run a test where you print out the contents of the event object to see what you are being passed. You can do this with:
exports.handler = function(context, event, callback) {
for (let key in event) {
console.log(`${key}: ${event[key]}`);
}
// ... rest of the function
}
Then, when you figure out what parameter is storing the number, you can use that in the call to create the message.
Let me know if that helps at all.
Try this:
exports.handler = function(context, event, callback) {
for (let key in event) {
console.log(`${key}: ${event[key]}`);
}
// ... rest of the function
callback(null, 'complete');
};
Thanks everyone for your input, it was sincerely appreciated! I was able to solve this with the following code:
exports.handler = function(context, event, callback) {
const appCodes = ['code1', 'code2', 'code3', 'code4']
var smsBody = refCode ();
var subNum = event.primaryPhone || 'There is no subscriber number'; // primaryPhone sent via HTTP post to twilio function
function refCode () {
return appCodes[Math.floor((Math.random() * appCodes.length))];
};
context.getTwilioClient().messages.create({
to: `${subNum}`, // parameters & values recieved from HTTP POST are available within the twilio functions "event" context
from: '+1444555666',
body: `Get the App: ${smsBody}`
}).then(msg => {
callback(null, msg.sid);
}).catch(err => callback(err));
}

How to dispatch a Paypal IPN to a Google Cloud function?

I've read here that it's possible to send an IPN directly to a Google cloud function. I have my Google Cloud functions running on Firebase on an index.js file.
I've set up my Paypal buttons to send the IPN to a page on my webapp.
Here is an example of one of the functions I'm running off Google Cloud Functions/Firebase:
// UPDATE ROOMS INS/OUTS
exports.updateRoomIns = functions.database.ref('/doors/{MACaddress}').onWrite((change, context) => {
const beforeData = change.before.val();
const afterData = change.after.val();
const roomPushKey = afterData.inRoom;
const insbefore = beforeData.ins;
const insafter = afterData.ins;
if ((insbefore === null || insbefore === undefined) && (insafter === null || insafter === undefined) || insbefore === insafter) {
return 0;
} else {
const updates = {};
Object.keys(insafter).forEach(key => {
updates['/rooms/' + roomPushKey + '/ins/' + key] = true;
});
return admin.database().ref().update(updates); // do the update}
}
return 0;
});
Now question:
1) I want to add another function to process IPN from Paypal as soon as I have a transaction. How would I go about this?
I'll mark the answer as correct if solves this first question.
2) how would that Google cloud function even look like?
I'll create another question if you can solve this one.
Note I am using Firebase (no other databases nor PHP).
IPN is simply a server that tries to reach a given endpoint.
First, you have to make sure that your firebase plan supports 3rd party requests (it's unavailable in the free plan).
After that, you need to make an http endpoint, like so:
exports.ipn = functions.http.onRequest((req, res) => {
// req and res are instances of req and res of Express.js
// You can validate the request and update your database accordingly.
});
It will be available in https://www.YOUR-FIREBASE-DOMAIN.com/ipn
Based on #Eliya Cohen answer:
on your firebase functions create a function such as:
exports.ipn = functions.https.onRequest((req, res) => {
var reqBody = req.body;
console.log(reqBody);
// do something else with the req.body i.e: updating a firebase node with some of that info
res.sendStatus(200);
});
When you deploy your functions go to your firebase console project and check your functions. You should have something like this:
Copy that url, go to paypal, edit the button that's triggering the purchase, scroll down to Step 3 and at the bottom type:
notify_url= paste that url here
Save changes.
You can now test your button and check the req.body on your firebase cloud functions Log tab.
Thanks to the answers here, and especially to this gist: https://gist.github.com/dsternlicht/fdef0c57f2f2561f2c6c477f81fa348e,
.. finally worked out a solution to verify the IPN request in a cloud func:
let CONFIRM_URL_SANDBOX = 'https://ipnpb.sandbox.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr';
exports.ipn = functions.https.onRequest((req, res) => {
let body = req.body;
logr.debug('body: ' + StringUtil.toStr(body));
let postreq = 'cmd=_notify-validate';
// Iterate the original request payload object
// and prepend its keys and values to the post string
Object.keys(body).map((key) => {
postreq = `${postreq}&${key}=${body[key]}`;
return key;
});
let request = require('request');
let options = {
method: 'POST',
uri : CONFIRM_URL_SANDBOX,
headers: {
'Content-Length': postreq.length,
},
encoding: 'utf-8',
body: postreq
};
res.sendStatus(200);
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
// Make a post request to PayPal
return request(options, (error, response, resBody) => {
if (error || response.statusCode !== 200) {
reject(new Error(error));
return;
}
let bodyResult = resBody.substring(0, 8);
logr.debug('bodyResult: ' + bodyResult);
// Validate the response from PayPal and resolve / reject the promise.
if (resBody.substring(0, 8) === 'VERIFIED') {
return resolve(true);
} else if (resBody.substring(0, 7) === 'INVALID') {
return reject(new Error('IPN Message is invalid.'));
} else {
return reject(new Error('Unexpected response body.'));
}
});
});
});
Also thanks to:
https://developer.paypal.com/docs/classic/ipn/ht-ipn/#do-it
IPN listener request-response flow: https://developer.paypal.com/docs/classic/ipn/integration-guide/IPNImplementation/
To receive IPN message data from PayPal, your listener must follow this request-response flow:
Your listener listens for the HTTPS POST IPN messages that PayPal sends with each event.
After receiving the IPN message from PayPal, your listener returns an empty HTTP 200 response to PayPal. Otherwise, PayPal resends the IPN message.
Your listener sends the complete message back to PayPal using HTTPS POST.
Prefix the returned message with the cmd=_notify-validate variable, but do not change the message fields, the order of the fields, or the character encoding from the original message.
Extremely late to the party but for anyone still looking for this, PayPal have made a sample in their JS folder on their IPN samples Github repo.
You can find this at:
https://github.com/paypal/ipn-code-samples/blob/master/javascript/googlecloudfunctions.js

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