I have a async function func doWork(id: String) async throws -> String. I want to call this function from a concurrent dispatch queue like this to test some things.
for i in 1...100 {
queue.async {
obj.doWork(id: "foo") { result, error in
...
}
}
}
I want to do this because queue.async { try await obj.doWork() } is not supported. I get an error:
Cannot pass function of type '#Sendable () async throws -> Void' to parameter expecting synchronous function type
But the compiler does not provide me with a completion handler version of doWork(id:). When I call it from Obj C, I am able to use the completion handler version: [obj doWorkWithId: #"foo" completionHandler:^(NSString * val, NSError * _Nullable error) { ... }]
How do I do something similar in Swift?
You can define a DispatchQueue. This DispatchQueue will wait for the previous task to complete before proceeding to the next.
let queue = DispatchQueue(label: "queue")
func doWork(id: String) async -> String {
print("Do id \(id)")
return id
}
func doWorksConcurrently() {
for i in 0...100 {
queue.async {
Task.init {
await doWork(id: String(i))
}
}
}
}
doWorksConcurrently()
You are initiating an asynchronous task and immediately finishing the dispatch without waiting for doWork to finish. Thus the dispatch queue is redundant. One could do:
for i in 1...100 {
Task {
let results = try await obj.doWork(id: "foo")
...
}
}
Or, if you wanted to catch/display the errors:
for i in 1...100 {
Task {
do {
let results = try await obj.doWork(id: "foo")
...
} catch {
print(error)
throw error
}
}
}
Now, generally in Swift, we would want to remain within structured concurrency and use a task group. But if you are trying to mirror what you'll experience from Objective-C, the above should be sufficient.
Needless to say, if your Objective-C code is creating a queue solely for the purpose for calling the completion-handler rendition of doWork, then the queue is unnecessary there, too. But we cannot comment on that code without seeing it.
I call a method on the native iOS side from Kotlin/Native framework. The method does its work asynchronously and responds back with some data in a different thread than it was called with.
I want a way to call the response function also in the same thread. Below is the code:
func makePostRestRequest(url: String, body: String) {
let thread1 = Thread.current
let request = NetworkServiceRequest(url: url,
httpMethod: "POST",
bodyJSON: body)
NetworkService.processRequest(requestModel: request) { [weak self] (response: Any?, requestStatus: RequestStatus) in
// This is different thread than "thread1". Need the below code to execute on "thread1"
if requestStatus.result == .fail {
knResponseCallback.onError(errorResponse: requestStatus.error)
} else {
knResponseCallback.onSuccess(response: response)
}
}
}
I have tried to solve this using two ways.
One is to use "semaphores". I just blocked the code execution after the network call and when I got the result back in the callback of network request, I saved it in a variable and signal the semaphore. After that I just call knResponseCallback and use the response variable to return back the response.
Another way I used is to use RunLoops. I got the handle of RunLoop.current, start the runLoop in a mode and in the callback of network request, I just call perform selector on thread with object method of NSObject which dispatches the work to that thread itself.
The problem with both of them is that they are blocking calls. RunLoop.run and semaphore.wait both blocks the thread they are called in.
Is there a way to dispatch some work onto a particular thread from another thread without blocking the particular thread?
You need to create a queue to send the request and use that same queue to handle the response. Something like this should work for you:
let queue = DispatchQueue(label: "my-thread")
queue.async {
let request = NetworkServiceRequest(url: url,
httpMethod: "POST",
bodyJSON: body)
NetworkService.processRequest(requestModel: request) { [weak self] (response: Any?, requestStatus: RequestStatus) in
queue.async {
if requestStatus.result == .fail {
knResponseCallback.onError(errorResponse: requestStatus.error)
} else {
knResponseCallback.onSuccess(response: response)
}
}
}
}
My promise chain is broken (maybe deallocated) before it's resolved.
This happens (so far ONLY) when I make Alamofire request fail due to host trust evaluation -> forcing evaluation to fail which results in -999 cancelled etc).
Setup is rather simple:
APIRequest:
func start(_ onSuccess:#escaping SuccessBlock, onError:#escaping ErrorBlock) {
do {
try executeRequest { dataResponse in
self.onSuccess(dataResponse)
}
} catch {
self.onError(error)
}
}
where executeRequest() is:
self.manager.request(request).responseJSON(queue: self.queue) { (response) in
completion(response)
}
Then, there is PromiseKit wrapper defined as APIRequest extension:
(This wrapper callbacks are called correctly in either case)
func start() -> Promise<APIResponse> {
return Promise<APIResponse> { resolver in
self.start({ response in
resolver.fulfill(response)
}) { error in
resolver.reject(error)
}
}
}
And finally, unit test calling the start promise (extension):
( flow never reaches this place in case of Alamofire failing )
request.start().done { response in
}.catch { error in
// not called if request failed
}
Outcome: if request fails -> the extension promise wrapper (catch) block is called, but it's not propagated back to UnitTest promise block.
Simply replacing Alamofire request with mock implementation (which triggers some other error( makes all setup work as expected (Unit Test completes with catch block being called etc) ex:
DispatchQueue.global(qos: .default).asyncAfter(deadline: .now() + 2) {
let result = Alamofire.Result { () -> Any in
return try JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: [:], options: .fragmentsAllowed)
}
completion(DataResponse<Any>(request: nil, response: nil, data: nil, result: result))
}
Is this something to do with Alamofire? I don't really see how else to handle the promises there ( they shouldn't deallocate anyways... Or is this bug in PromiseKit? Alamofire? I yet have to test this in the app itself ( maybe it's Unit test issue ... )
Looking at related issues -> i'm definitely resolving promises (fulfilling / rejecting) for any flow path.
I don't see how Alamofire request is different from DispatchAsync (where the latter works as expected).
I was only 10 mins short of finding the answer... Problem is also described here:
https://github.com/mxcl/PromiseKit/issues/686
Issue is that '-999 cancelled' error is not treated as 'Error' by PromiseKit. Solution is to use "catch(policy: .allErrors)" - then catch block is called as expected.
func start(_ onSuccess:#escaping SuccessBlock, onError:#escaping ErrorBlock) {
do {
try executeRequest { dataResponse in
onSuccess(dataResponse)
}
} catch {
onError(error)
}
}
You are using self.onSuccess that means its not function parameter block but instance block thats why its not going back to block from you are calling start.
Is it possible to set a condition on the next queue of DispatchQueue? Supposed there are 2 API calls that should be executed synchronously, callAPI1 -> callAPI2. But, callAPI2 should be only executed if callAPI1 returning true. Please check code below for more clear situation:
let dispatchQueue: DispatchQueue = DispatchQueue(label: "queue")
let dispatchGroup = DispatchGroup()
var isSuccess: Bool = false
dispatchGroup.enter()
dispatchQueue.sync {
self.callAPI1(completion: { (result) in
isSuccess = result
dispatchGroup.leave()
}
}
dispatchGroup.enter()
dispatchQueue.sync {
if isSuccess { //--> This one always get false
self.callAPI2(completion: { (result) in
isSuccess = result
dispatchGroup.leave()
})
} else {
dispatchGroup.leave()
}
}
dispatchGroup.notify(queue: DispatchQueue.main, execute: {
completion(isSuccess) //--> This one always get false
})
Currently above code always returning isSuccess as false despite on callAPI1's call returning true, which cause only callAPI1's is called.
All non-playground code typed directly into answer, expect little errors.
It appears that you are trying to make an asynchronous call into a synchronous one, and the way you are attempting this simply will not work. Assuming callAPI1 is asynchronous then after:
self.callAPI1(completion: { (result) in
isSuccess = result
}
the completion block has (in all probability) not yet been run, you cannot test isSuccess immediately, as in:
self.callAPI1(completion: { (result) in
isSuccess = result
}
if isSuccess
{
// in all probability this will never be reached
}
Wrapping the code into a synchronous block will have no effect whatsoever:
dispatchQueue.sync
{
self.callAPI1(completion: { (result) in
isSuccess = result
}
// at this point, in all probability, the completion block
// has not yet run, therefore...
}
// at this point it has also not run
A sync dispatch just runs its block on a different queue and waits for it to complete; if that block contains asynchronous code, as yours does, then it is not magically made synchronous - it executes asynchronously as normal, the synchronously dispatched block terminates, the sync dispatch returns, and your code continues. The sync dispatch has no real effect (apart from running the block on a different queue while blocking the current one).
If you need to sequence a number of asynchronous calls you can do it a number of ways. One method is to simply chain the calls through the completion blocks. Using this approach your code becomes:
self.callAPI1(completion: { (result) in
if !result { completion(false) }
else
{
self.callAPI2(completion: { (result) in
completion(result)
}
}
}
Using Semaphores
If you have a long sequence of such calls using the above pattern then the code can become very nested, in such a case instead of nesting you can use semaphores to sequence the calls. A simple semaphore can be used to block (thread) execution, using wait(), until it is signalled (by an unblocked thread), using signal().
Notice the emphasis here on blocking, once you introduce the ability to block execution all sorts of issues have to be considered: among them are UI responsiveness - blocking the UI thread is not good; deadlock - for example if the code that will issue semaphore wait and signal operations is executing on the same thread then after a wait there will be no signal...
Here is a sample Swift Playground script to demonstrate using semaphores. The pattern follows your original code but uses a semaphore in addition to your boolean.
import Cocoa
// some convenience functions for our dummy callAPI1 & callAPI2
func random(_ range : CountableClosedRange<UInt32>) -> UInt32
{
let lower = range.lowerBound
let upper = range.upperBound
return lower + arc4random_uniform(upper - lower + 1)
}
func randomBool() -> Bool
{
return random(0...1) == 1
}
class Demo
{
// grab the global concurrent utility queue to schedule our work on
let workerQueue = DispatchQueue.global(qos : .utility)
// dummy callAPI1, just pauses and then randomly return success or failure
func callAPI1(_ completion : #escaping (Bool) -> Void) -> Void
{
// do the "work" on workerQueue, which is concurrent so other work
// can be executing, or *blocked*, on the same queue
let pause = random(1...2)
workerQueue.asyncAfter(deadline: .now() + Double(pause))
{
// produce a random success result
let success = randomBool()
print("callAPI1 after \(pause) -> \(success)")
completion(success)
}
}
func callAPI2(_ completion : #escaping (Bool) -> Void) -> Void
{
let pause = random(1...2)
workerQueue.asyncAfter(deadline: .now() + Double(pause))
{
let success = randomBool()
print("callAPI2 after \(pause) -> \(success)")
completion(success)
}
}
func runDemo(_ completion : #escaping (Bool) -> Void) -> Void
{
// We run the demo as a standard async function
// which doesn't block the main thread
workerQueue.async
{
print("Demo starting...")
var isSuccess: Bool = false
let semaphore = DispatchSemaphore(value: 0)
// do the first call
// this will asynchronously execute on a different thread
// *including* its completion block
self.callAPI1
{ (result) in
isSuccess = result
semaphore.signal() // signal completion
}
// we can safely wait for the semaphore to be
// signalled as callAPI1 is executing on a different
// thread so we will not deadlock
semaphore.wait()
if isSuccess
{
self.callAPI2
{ (result) in
isSuccess = result
semaphore.signal() // signal completion
}
semaphore.wait() // wait for completion
}
completion(isSuccess)
}
}
}
Demo().runDemo { (result) in print("Demo result: \(result)") }
// For the Playground
// ==================
// The Playground can terminate a program run once the main thread is done
// and before all async work is finished. This can result in incomplete execution
// and/or errors. To avoid this we sleep the main thread for a few seconds.
sleep(6)
print("All done")
// Run the Playground multiple times, the results should vary
// (different wait times, callAPI2 may not run). Wait until
// the "All done"" before starting next run
// (i.e. don't push stop, it confuses the Playground)
Or...
Another approach to avoid the nesting is to design functions (or operators) which take two async methods and produce a single one by implementing the nesting pattern. Long nested sequences can then be reduce to more linear sequences. This approach is left as an exercise.
HTH
I have run into an issue where I have multiple asynchronous requests occuring which grab images and information from the Facebook API and my Firebase database. I want to perform all my asynchronous requests, then store all that data that I grabbed from the Facebook API/Firebase database into one entire object which I can quickly load. I have set up completion handlers for every asynchronous request which I thought forces the program to "wait" until the request is complete and then have the program continue, but that doesn't seem to work for me. Below is my attempt:
func setupEvents(completion: (result: Bool, Event: Event) -> Void){
// Get a reference to Events
eventsReference = Firebase(url:"<DB Name>")
eventAttendeesRef = Firebase(url:"<DB Name>")
//Read the data at our posts reference
println("Event References: \(eventsReference)")
eventsReference.observeEventType(FEventType.ChildAdded, withBlock: { (snapshot) -> Void in
let eventName = snapshot.value["eventName"] as? String
let eventLocation = snapshot.value["eventLocation"] as? String
let eventCreator = snapshot.value["eventCreator"] as? String
var attendees: NSMutableDictionary = [:]
var attendeesImages = [UIImage]()
let attendee: NSMutableDictionary = [:]
let group = dispatch_group_create()
//Get attendees first
dispatch_group_enter(group)
self.getAttendees(snapshot.key as String, completion:{ (result, name, objectID) -> Void in
if(result == true){
println("Finished grabbing \(name!) \(objectID!)")
attendees.addEntriesFromDictionary(attendee as [NSObject : AnyObject])
}
else {
println("False")
}
dispatch_group_leave(group)
})
//Get attendees photos
dispatch_group_enter(group)
self.getAttendeesPictures(attendee, completion: { (result, image) -> Void in
if result == true {
println("Finished getting attendee photos. Now to store into Event object.")
attendeesImages.append(image!)
}
else{
println("false")
}
dispatch_group_leave(group)
})
dispatch_group_notify(group, dispatch_get_main_queue()) {
println("both requests done")
//Maintain array snapshot keys
self.eventIDs.append(snapshot.key)
if snapshot != nil {
let event = Event(eventName: eventName, eventLocation:eventLocation, eventPhoto:eventPhoto, fromDate:fromDate, fromTime:fromTime, toDate:toDate, toTime:toTime, attendees: attendees, attendeesImages:attendeesImages, attendeesImagesTest: attendeesImagesTest, privacy:privacy, eventCreator: eventCreator, eventCreatorID: eventCreatorID)
println("Event: \(event)")
completion(result: true, Event: event)
}
}
}) { (error) -> Void in
println(error.description)
}
}
I know I have my completion handlers set correctly as I have tested in my program. However, what I want is that only after both the getAttendees and getAttendeesPictures function completes, I then want to store all the information I grabbed the snapshot, getAttendees, and getAttendeesPictures function and store them into an event object. Any ideas on how to accomplish this? I've tried to look into dispatch_groups to help me handle this via this link: Checking for multiple asynchronous responses from Alamofire and Swift but my program seems to only execute the getAttendees function but not the getAttendeesPictures function. Below are also the getAttendees and getAttendeesPictures functions:
func getAttendees(child: String, completion: (result: Bool, name: String?, objectID: String?) -> Void){
//Get event attendees of particular event
var attendeesReference = self.eventAttendeesRef.childByAppendingPath(child)
println("Loading event attendees")
//Get all event attendees
attendeesReference.observeEventType(FEventType.ChildAdded, withBlock: { (snapshot) -> Void in
let name = snapshot.value.objectForKey("name") as? String
let objectID = snapshot.value.objectForKey("objectID") as? String
println("Name: \(name) Object ID: \(objectID)")
completion(result: true, name: name, objectID: objectID)
}) { (error) -> Void in
println(error.description)
}
func getAttendeesPictures(attendees: NSMutableDictionary, completion: (result: Bool, image: UIImage?)-> Void){
println("Attendees Count: \(attendees.count)")
for (key, value) in attendees{
let url = NSURL(string: "https://graph.facebook.com/\(key)/picture?type=large")
println("URL: \(url)")
let urlRequest = NSURLRequest(URL: url!)
//Asynchronous request to display image
NSURLConnection.sendAsynchronousRequest(urlRequest, queue: NSOperationQueue.mainQueue()) { (response:NSURLResponse!, data:NSData!, error:NSError!) -> Void in
if error != nil{
println("Error: \(error)")
}
// Display the image
let image = UIImage(data: data)
if(image != nil){
completion(result: true, image: image)
}
}
}
}
For users seeking answer to question in title then use of dispatch_group and GCD outlined here: i.e embedding one group inside the notification method of another dispatch_group is valid. Another way to go at a higher level would be NSOperations and dependencies which would also give further control such as canceling operations.
Outline:
func doStuffonObjectsProcessAndComplete(arrayOfObjectsToProcess: Array) -> Void){
let firstGroup = dispatch_group_create()
for object in arrayOfObjectsToProcess {
dispatch_group_enter(firstGroup)
doStuffToObject(object, completion:{ (success) in
if(success){
// doing stuff success
}
else {
// doing stuff fail
}
// regardless, we leave the group letting GCD know we finished this bit of work
dispatch_group_leave(firstGroup)
})
}
// called once all code blocks entered into group have left
dispatch_group_notify(firstGroup, dispatch_get_main_queue()) {
let processGroup = dispatch_group_create()
for object in arrayOfObjectsToProcess {
dispatch_group_enter(processGroup)
processObject(object, completion:{ (success) in
if(success){
// processing stuff success
}
else {
// processing stuff fail
}
// regardless, we leave the group letting GCD know we finished this bit of work
dispatch_group_leave(processGroup)
})
}
dispatch_group_notify(processGroup, dispatch_get_main_queue()) {
print("All Done and Processed, so load data now")
}
}
}
The remainder of this answer is specific to this codebase.
There seem to be a few problems here:
The getAttendees function takes an event child and returns an objectID and Name which are both Strings? Shouldn't this method return an array of attendees? If not, then what is the objectID that is returned?
Once an array of attendees is returned, then you can process them in a group to get the pictures.
The getAttendeesPictures eventually returns UIImages from Facebook. It's probably best to cache these out to the disk and pass path ref - keeping all these fetched images around is bad for memory, and depending on size and number, may quickly lead to problems.
Some examples:
func getAttendees(child: String, completion: (result: Bool, attendees: Array?) -> Void){
let newArrayOfAttendees = []()
// Get event attendees of particular event
// process attendees and package into an Array (or Dictionary)
// completion
completion(true, attendees: newArrayOfAttendees)
}
func getAttendeesPictures(attendees: Array, completion: (result: Bool, attendees: Array)-> Void){
println("Attendees Count: \(attendees.count)")
let picturesGroup = dispatch_group_create()
for attendee in attendees{
// for each attendee enter group
dispatch_group_enter(picturesGroup)
let key = attendee.objectID
let url = NSURL(string: "https://graph.facebook.com/\(key)/picture?type=large")
let urlRequest = NSURLRequest(URL: url!)
//Asynchronous request to display image
NSURLConnection.sendAsynchronousRequest(urlRequest, queue: NSOperationQueue.mainQueue()) { (response:NSURLResponse!, data:NSData!, error:NSError!) -> Void in
if error != nil{
println("Error: \(error)")
}
// Display the image
let image = UIImage(data: data)
if(image != nil){
attendee.image = image
}
dispatch_group_leave(picturesGroup)
}
}
dispatch_group_notify(picturesGroup, dispatch_get_main_queue()) {
completion(true, attendees: attendees)
}
}
func setupEvents(completion: (result: Bool, Event: Event) -> Void){
// get event info and then for each event...
getAttendees(child:snapshot.key, completion: { (result, attendeesReturned) in
if result {
self.getAttendeesPictures(attendees: attendeesReturned, completion: { (result, attendees) in
// do something with completed array and attendees
}
}
else {
}
})
}
The above code is just an outline, but hopefully points you in the right direction.
The two requests are executing at the same time, so there is no attendees to get pictures from when the second request executes, if the getAttendees completion closure is going to be called multiple times then you can do something like this:
let group = dispatch_group_create()
for key in keys {
dispatch_group_enter(group)
self.getAttendee(key as String, completion:{ (result, attendee) in
if(result == true){
attendees.addEntriesFromDictionary(attendee)
self.getAttendeesPictures(attendee, completion: { (result, image) in
if result == true {
attendeesImages.append(image!)
}
dispatch_group_leave(group)
})
} else {
dispatch_group_leave(group)
}
})
}
dispatch_group_notify(group, dispatch_get_main_queue()) {}
If the result of the first request is the complete set of attendees you don't even need to use GCD, just call getAttendeesPictures inside the completion closure.
This code doesn't exactly uses the same variables and methods of the original code, it only gives the idea.
Hope it helps!
While there is definitely solution with using GCD and stuff around it, synchronization in general is pain and the more your code gets complicated, the more problems it will start showing - but I think there is one-for-all solution to that: Bolts framework from Facebook (both for android na iOS)
Bolts Framework usage
So what is so magical about it? Well, it lets you create "Tasks", and then chain them. The method in particular that you are interested in is taskForCompletionOfAllTasks: , which is made for parallel processing, just what you need. I wrote a little example for you which you can adjust to your needs:
func fetchAllInformation() -> BFTask {
// First, create all tasks (if you need more, than just create more, it is as easy as that
var task1 = BFTaskCompletionSource()
var task2 = BFTaskCompletionSource()
var tasks = [task1, task2]
// What you do, is you set result / error to tasks and the propagate in the chain upwards (it is either result, or error)
// You run task 1 in background
API.instance.fetchFirstDetailsInBackgroundWithBlock {
(object: AnyObject!, error: NSError!) -> Void in
// On error or on success, you assign result to task (whatever you want)
if error == nil {
task1.setResult(object)
} else {
task1.setError(error)
}
}
// You run task 2 in background
API.instance.fetchSecondDetailsInBackgroundWithBlock {
(object: AnyObject!, error: NSError!) -> Void in
// On error or on success, you assign result to task (whatever you want)
if error == nil {
task2.setResult(object)
} else {
task2.setError(error)
}
}
// Now you return new task, which will continue ONLY if all the tasks ended
return BFTask(forCompletionOfAllTasks: tasks)
}
Once you have main method done, you can use bolts chaining magic:
func processFullObject() {
// Once you have main method done, you can use bolts chaining magic
self.fetchAllInformation().continueWithBlock { (task : BFTask!) -> AnyObject! in
// All the information fetched, do something with result and probably with information along the way
self.updateObject()
}
}
The Bolts framework documentation / README covers basically everything there is to know about it and it is quite extensive, so I would suggest you to go through it - it is very easy to use once you get the basics. I personally use it for exactly this, and it is a blast. This answer will hopefully provide you with different solution and approach, possibly a cleaner one.
There is something wrong with this conceptually. It sounds like you want to wait until both of these functions complete before doing something else, but what you haven't explained is that getAttendeesPictures depends on the outcome of getAttendees. That means what you really want to do it execute one asynchronous block, then execute a second asynchronous block with the output of the first, and then execute your final completion block when both are finished.
GCD is not particularly suited for this; you're better of using NSOperationQueue with NSBlockOperations. There are two distinct advantages to this over GCD:
NSOperation uses familiar object-oriented syntax compared to GCD's c-type functions, so it's pretty easy to write and understand.
Operations in the queue can have explicit dependencies on one another, so you can make it clear that e.g. operation B will only be executed after operation A is complete.
There is a great writeup of this by NSHipster which I'd recommend you go read. It's talked about mostly in the abstract, but what you want to do is use NSBlockOperation to create two block operations, one for executing getAttendees and one for executing getAttendeesPictures, and then make it explicit that the second block depends on the first before adding them both to a queue. They will then both execute and you can use a completion block on the second operation to do something once both have completed.
Dave Roberts is right in his response though: an immediate problem with the code is that you don't use the output of the getAttendees function to actually create any attendees. Perhaps this part of the code is missing, but from what I can see the name and objectID are just printed out. If you want to pass something useful into the getAttendeesPictures function you will need to fix this part first.
This is off the top of my head. The idea is to read and handle new asyc data only when all of the nested blocks complete.
We leverage a while loop to handle waiting for a signal to read the next set of data.
The outside while loop continues as long as done equals false. And nothing is really going on, other than consuming cpu cycles while it waits. The if inside the loop will only be trigged (set to true) when all of the attendees have been read.
Meanwhile inside the loop we work through nested blocks, reading in the attendee and then when that completes, read their picture, and when that completes read the firebase data. Finally once we have all data from the prior blocks we stuff the data into an object which is then added to the dictionary. At that time it is determined if we are finished reading attendees and if so, bail completely. If not, we read the next attendee.
(this is conceptual)
done = false
readyToReadNextAttendee = true
while ( done == false )
{
if (readyToReadNextAttendee == true ) {
readyToReadNextAttendee = false
readAttendee
readPicture
readFirebase {
putDataIntoObject
addObjectToDictionary
if finishedReadingAttendees {
done = true
} else {
readyToReadNextAttendee = true
}
}
}
}
If you have the option of reading in all of the attendees first, you could iterate over and array as well, not reading the next index until readyToReadNextAttendee = true
One Idea i have used is to place an if statement check inside the query statement call back and place the query statement call back in a for loop (so you can loop through all of your queries), so the if statement should check if this the last call back expected, then you should execute a return statement or a deferred.resolve statement, the following is a concept code.
var list=fooKeys //list of keys (requests) i want to fetch form firebase
var array=[] // This is the array that will hold the result of all requests
for(i=xyz;loop breaking condition; i++){
Ref = new Firebase("https://yourlink.firebaseio.com/foo/" + fooKeys[i]);
Ref.once("value", function (data) {
array.push(data.val());
if(loop breaking condition == true){
//This mean that we looped over all items
return array; //or deferred.resolve(array);
}
})
}
Putting this code in a function and call it asynchronously will give you the ability to wait for the whole results before proceed in doing other stuff.
Hope you (and the others) find this beneficial.