I work on Linux Mint and I install lex and yacc with the commands
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install flex
sudo apt-get install bison
Then I create a file with .l extension and when I try to compile it with the commands :
lex ex1.l
gcc lex.yy.c -ll
After that I receive the error: /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -ll
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
The library that comes with flex is called libfl, not libl, so the corresponding flag would be -lfl.
If you define your own main function and disable yywrap, you can also just not link against the library at all.
Related
I'm trying to build libsodium-sys dependency in an Azure Docker VM which is based on debian.
Have spend a couple of hours trying to fix this build error, but can't figure out what's going on.
I fixed a couple of build errors by installing missing dependencies as the Azure Docker VM seems very vanilla. Executed commands are below the error.
error: failed to run custom build command for `libsodium-sys v0.2.6 (https://github.com/cjdelisle/sodiumoxide?rev=76dc0e6e587b8c8a4bb193ebba9f8ae8f090b81b#76dc0e6e)`
Caused by:
process didn't exit successfully: `/home/packetcrypt_rs/target/release/build/libsodium-sys-169018138a0de36b/build-script-build` (exit code: 101)
checking for working alloca.h... yes
checking for alloca... yes
...
Making check in builds
--- stderr
/bin/bash: line 20: cd: builds: No such file or directory
make: *** [Makefile:516: check-recursive] Error 1
thread 'main' panicked at '
Failed to build libsodium using "make" "check" "-j4"
', /root/.cargo/git/checkouts/sodiumoxide-9b8c3ad42446e2d9/76dc0e6/libsodium-sys/build.rs:281:9
note: run with `RUST_BACKTRACE=1` environment variable to display a backtrace
warning: build failed, waiting for other jobs to finish...
error: build failed
root#2d0a725cde47:/home/packetcrypt_rs#
Build.rs file it's talking about: https://github.com/sodiumoxide/sodiumoxide/blob/master/libsodium-sys/build.rs
Executed commands:
apt get-update
apt-get install pkg-config
apt install apt-utils
apt install file
apt install gcc git
curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh
apt install make
apt install build-essential gcc-multilib -y
rustup target add armv7-unknown-linux-gnueabihf
git clone https://github.com/cjdelisle/packetcrypt_rs
cd packetcrypt_rs
~/.cargo/bin/cargo build --release
The cause seems related to the issue explained here: https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-runner/-/issues/1379#note_280986944
For reasons unbeknownst to me, these are the commands I needed to execute to fix it:
rm ~/.bashrc
rm ~/.profile
il" "-ldl" "-lutil" "-ldl" "-lrt" "-lpthread" "-lgcc_s" "-lc" "-lm" "-lrt" "-lpthread" "-lutil" "-lutil"
= note: /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lpq
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
error: aborting due to previous error
error: could not compile actix-todo.
To learn more, run the command again with --verbose.
It looks like you are missing the postgresql-libs package. Install it using your systems package manager.
For me I needed to install libpq-dev. You can install it on linux like this:
sudo apt install libpq-dev
I'm trying to get openmp to run in my program on Mavericks, however when I try to compile using the flag -fopenmp I get the following error:
ld: library not found for -lgomp
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
The command I am running is:
gcc myProgram.cpp -fopenmp -o myProgram
Also, when I run gcc I get Clang warnings which I find to be very strange. And looking into /usr/bin/gcc it does not appear to link to Clang.
Any suggestions on how to fix my Clang errors and get openmp to compile?
The gcc command in the latest Xcode suite is no longer the GCC frontend to LLVM (based on the very old GCC 4.2.1) but rather a symlink to clang. Clang does not (yet) support OpenMP. You have to install separately another version of GCC, e.g. by following this tutorial or by using any of the available software package management systems like MacPorts and Homebrew.
I just recently attacked this problem and have scripted the process of getting everything working based on the official instructions.
The script will download everything into ~/code for easy maintenance and will append the correct environment variables to your ~/.profile file. For advanced users, pick a nice location you want the lib, bin and include installed and move them manually. The script depends on knowing the latest OpenMP runtime from Intel, which can be altered at the top of the script.
The script should work out of the box with vanilla Mavericks, except for one small problem. In the OpenML runtime make script, it does not reliably accept clang when specified and continues with the default GCC. As such, if you don't have GCC installed (which is not normal on out of the box Mavericks), it will fail to build. To fix this, you must comment out two lines (as noted in the script) based on the libomp_20131209_oss.tgz build of OpenMP. Newer builds of OpenML might break this script, so use at your own peril on newer versions.
Simply save this script into a file, run 'chmod +x filename.sh', and run './filename.sh' from terminal. It will take a while to build LLVM and Clang, so be patient.
EDIT: This script will most likely fail on Yosemite and I am having issues using the built clang2 after the update to the dev builds of OSX 10.10.
INTEL_OPENMP_LATEST_BUILD_LINK=https://www.openmprtl.org/sites/default/files/libomp_20131209_oss.tgz
DEST_FOLDER = ~/code
CLANG_INCLUDE=${DEST_FOLDER}/llvm/include
CLANG_BIN=${DEST_FOLDER}/llvm/build/Debug+Asserts/bin
CLANG_LIB=${DEST_FOLDER}/llvm/build/Debug+Asserts/lib
OPENMP_INCLUDE=${DEST_FOLDER}/libomp_oss/exports/common/include
OPENMP_LIB=${DEST_FOLDER}/libomp_oss/exports/mac_32e/lib.thin
mkdir ${DEST_FOLDER}
cd ${DEST_FOLDER}
git clone https://github.com/clang-omp/llvm
git clone https://github.com/clang-omp/compiler-rt llvm/projects/compiler-rt
git clone -b clang-omp https://github.com/clang-omp/clang llvm/tools/clang
cd llvm
mkdir build
cd build
../configure
make
cd Debug+Asserts/bin
mv clang clang2
rm -rf clang++
ln -s clang2 clang2++
echo "LLVM+Clang+OpenMP Include Path : " ${CLANG_INCLUDE}
echo "LLVM+Clang+OpenMP Bin Path : " ${CLANG_BIN}
echo "LLVM+Clang+OpenMP Lib Path : " ${CLANG_LIB}
cd ${DEST_FOLDER}
curl ${INTEL_OPENMP_LATEST_BUILD_LINK} -o libomp_oss_temp.tgz
gunzip -c libomp_oss_temp.tgz | tar xopf -
rm -rf libomp_oss_temp.tgz
cd libomp_oss
echo "You need to do one or two things:"
echo "1.) [Required] Comment out line 433 from libomp_oss/src/makefile.mk"
echo "2.) [Optional] If you do not have GCC installed (not normal on vanilla Mavericks), you must comment out lines 450-451 in libomp_oss/tools/check-tools.pl. Have you done this or want to compile anyway?"
select yn in "Yes" "No"; do
case $yn in
Yes ) make compiler=clang; break;;
No ) exit;;
esac
done
echo "OpenMP Runtime Include Path : " ${OPENMP_INCLUDE}
echo "OpenMP Runtime Lib Path : " ${OPENMP_LIB}
(echo 'export PATH='${CLANG_BIN}':$PATH';
echo 'export C_INCLUDE_PATH='${CLANG_INCLUDE}':'${OPENMP_INCLUDE}':$C_INCLUDE_PATH';
echo 'export CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH='${CLANG_INCLUDE}':'${OPENMP_INCLUDE}':$CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH';
echo 'export LIBRARY_PATH='${CLANG_LIB}':'${OPENMP_LIB}':$LIBRARY_PATH';
echo 'export DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH='${CLANG_LIB}':'${OPENMP_LIB}':$DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH}') >> ~/.profile
source ~/.profile
echo "LLVM+Clang+OpenMP is now accessible through [ clang2 ] via terminal and does not conflict with Apple's clang"
If you are running homebrew you can fix this problem by calling:
brew install clang-omp
The compiler will be available under clang-omp++ name
Just worked through this problem. Here's the answer plus how to get it worked with Xcode.
Grab the latest version of openMP runtime library from
https://www.openmprtl.org/download
unzip and compile it by
mkdir build && cd build && cmake .. && make && sudo make install
install it by
sudo cp ./libiomp5.dylib /usr/lib/
sudo cp ./omp.h /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/
Grab openmp/clang from Git following the instructions on http://clang-omp.github.io/
compile openmp/clang
cd llvm && mkdir build && cd build && ../configure --enable-optimized && make -j
sudo make install
normally it would install clang/clang++ into /usr/local/bin, we need replace the Apple clang with our version
cd /usr/bin
sudo mv clang clang-apple
sudo mv clang++ clang++-apple
sudo ln -s /usr/local/bin/clang ./clang
sudo ln -s /usr/local/bin/clang++ ./clang++
cd /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin
sudo mv clang clang-apple
sudo mv clang++ clang++-apple
sudo ln -s /usr/local/bin/clang ./clang
sudo ln -s /usr/local/bin/clang++ ./clang++
cd /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1
sudo mv -f * ../../
Create a project in Xcode, using the Hello World code on clang-openmp website for test. After created, add "-fopenmp" to Custom Compiler Flags -> Other C Flags in project settings; add /usr/lib/libiomp5.dylib to the build phases of project (project settings -> Build Phases -> Drag /usr/lib/libiomp5.dylib into Link Binary with Libraries)
It should work. Yosemite + Xcode 6 is tested.
Note: the custom clang is NOT as stable as Apple's. Switch back if you meet strange instruction error after compiled.
After running sudo pip3.4 install gdal from terminal (Mac OS X Mavericks) I obtain an error message saying that the 'col_port.h' file was not found and displaying the following error: command '/user/bin/clang/ failed with exit status 1 (the full message is below).
I have gdal 1.11 (the complete framework version downloaded from kingchaos.com) and the most recent version of the Xcode command line tools -Apple LLVM version 5.1 (clang-503.0.40) (based on LLVM 3.4svn)
Here is the error that I get after running the sudo pip3.4 install gdal command:
/usr/bin/clang -fno-strict-aliasing -Werror=declaration-after-statement -fno-common -dynamic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -g -I../../port -I../../gcore -I../../alg -I../../ogr/ -I/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/include/python3.4m -I/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/numpy/core/include -I/Library/Frameworks/GDAL.framework/Versions/1.11/include -c extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp -o build/temp.macosx-10.6-intel-3.4/extensions/gdal_wrap.o
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:2230:11: warning: explicitly assigning a variable of type 'int' to itself [-Wself-assign]
res = SWIG_AddCast(res);
~~~ ^ ~~~
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:2233:11: warning: explicitly assigning a variable of type 'int' to itself [-Wself-assign]
res = SWIG_AddCast(res);
~~~ ^ ~~~
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:2535:22: warning: unused variable 'swig_empty_runtime_method_table' [-Wunused-variable]
static PyMethodDef swig_empty_runtime_method_table[] = { {NULL, NULL, 0, NULL} };/* Sentinel */
^
extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:2855:10: fatal error: 'cpl_port.h' file not found
#include "cpl_port.h"
^
3 warnings and 1 error generated.
error: command '/usr/bin/clang' failed with exit status 1
The solution was to use homebrew and, after that, run pip3.4
brew install GDAL
and, once installed,
pip3.4 install gdal
Had this problem today. Installed GDAL with brew and it failed with pip3. The solution was to make sure that the version you try to install with pip is the same as homebrew has installed.
So first install gdal with homebrew using
brew install gdal
You should be able to see the version that is being installed during installation. If you have already installed gdal before you can check the version with:
brew info gdal
For me this showed that the version of gdal brew installed for me was: 2.4.4
So then you can install the correct version with pip using
pip3 install gdal==2.4.4
This finally worked for me.
I'm trying real hard to install vowpal wobbit and it fails when i run the make file, throwing:
cd library; make; cd ..
g++ -g -o ezexample temp2.cc -L ../vowpalwabbit -l vw -l allreduce -l boost_program_options -l z -l pthread
ld: library not found for -lboost_program_options collect2: ld returned 1 exit status make[1]: *** [ezexample] Error 1'
I then added the links to the boost library here by specifying -L/usr/local/lib
Now I get the following error:
g++ -g -o ezexample temp2.cc -L/usr/local/lib ../vowpalwabbit -l vw -l allreduce -l boost_program_options -l z -l pthread
ld: library not found for -lvw
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [ezexample] Error 1
I happened to get everything working on OS X 10.7 as follows:
Make sure you have a working Boost installation. As indicated on the Getting started page, usually we only need header files, but some Boost libraries must be built separately, including the program_options library which is used to process options from command line or config file. Go into your boost folder, and then at your shell prompt:
$ ./bootstrap.sh
$ ./bjam
This will compile and build everything. You should now have a bin.v2/ directory in your boost directory, with all built libraries for your system (static and threaded libs).
$ ls bin.v2/libs/
date_time iostreams python serialization test
filesystem math random signals thread
graph program_options regex system wave
More importantly, extra Boost libraries are made available in the stage/lib/ directory. For me, these are Mach-O 64-bit dynamically linked shared library x86_64.
The include path should be your_install_dir/boost_x_xx_x, where boost_x_xx_x is the basename of your working Boost. (I personally have boost_1_46_1 in /usr/local/share/ and I symlinked it to /usr/local/share/boost to avoid having to remember version number.) The library path (for linking) should read your_install_dir/boost_x_xx_x/stage/lib. However, it might be best to symlink or copy (which is what I did) everything in usual place, i.e. /usr/local/include/boost for header files, and /usr/local/lib for libraries.
Edit the Makefile from the vowpal_wabbit directory, and change the include/library paths to reflect your current installation. The Makefile should look like this (first 12 lines):
COMPILER = g++
UNAME := $(shell uname)
ifeq ($(UNAME), FreeBSD)
LIBS = -l boost_program_options -l pthread -l z -l compat
BOOST_INCLUDE = /usr/local/include
BOOST_LIBRARY = /usr/local/lib
else
LIBS = -l boost_program_options -l pthread -l z
BOOST_INCLUDE = /usr/local/share/boost # change path to reflect yours
BOOST_LIBRARY = /usr/local/share/boost/stage/lib # idem
endif
Then, you are ready to compile vowpal_wabbit (make clean in case you already compiled it):
$ make
$ ./vw --version
6.1
$ make test
You can also install vowpal wabbit on OS X using brew:
brew install vowpal-wabbit
Or you can just install boost, and then install vw from the github repo.
brew install boost
For installation on CentOS 7 (6.5 perl version is too old for latest vw source code), I've found the instructions at http://wkoplitz.blogspot.be/2012/12/vowpal-wabbit-on-centos.html to work fine:
yum install zlib-devel boost-devel
yum groupinstall "Development Tools"
git clone git://github.com/JohnLangford/vowpal_wabbit.git
cd vowpal_wabbit
./autogen.sh
make
make test
Good news:
As of the latest release VowpalWabbit version 9.1.0, vw no longer relies on Boost program_options
From the release highlights:
Removal of Boost Program Options dependency
For a long time we have depended on Boost Program Options
for command line options parsing. In this release, we have > replaced this dependency with our own implementation of
command line parsing. Apart from one place where we depend > on Boost Math in standalone mode, this means that VW core
and the command line tool are free of Boost dependencies
hopefully making the code a bit easier to build and package.
Vowpal Wabbit 9.1.0 release notes