Does OAuth always use the HTTP Authorization header? - oauth

Have an app running in GCP using App Engine and secured by IAP. To the best of my knowledge IAP uses OAuth, but when I open the app in the browser and inspect the outgoing XHR requests I don't see the HTTP Authorization header on any of them. There does appear to be a token in the cookies though, something named GCP_IAAP_AUTH_TOKEN.
Just wondering if this is still considered OAuth or is it some other form of authentication?

Cloud IAP can use either the cookie GCP_IAAP_AUTH_TOKEN or Authorization: Bearer. Both are derived from OAuth2.
The credential that Cloud IAP relies on is an OpenID Connect (OIDC)
token. That token can come from either a cookie GCP_IAAP_AUTH_TOKEN
or an Authorization: bearer header.
Authenticating with OpenID Connect

Related

Using JWT to authorize REST API requests after SAML Authentication

I'm struggling theese days on the possible way to configure an Authentication + authorization system to consume a REST API from a mobile application.
Scenario:
We've developed 3 independent portals for a big customer that serves several users.
To enable a SSO for the 3 portals we've implemented a SAML authentication system using SimpleSAMLphp.
Every portal has a service provider and they make assertion requests against a central IdP.
The IdP checks username and password against a database where passwords are hashed and stored during registration.
After the login, the authorization on the portals is handled by the session on the server, and so far everything was fine.
Now the customer asked us to develop a mobile application that will require the users to login and access several of their protected resources collected during the usage of the 3 portals.
We've decided to develop a frontend application using ionic that will consume a REST API made in node.js that will serve all the data (both protected and unprotected resources).
Now here comes the question: to authorize access to protected resources on the Api we'd like to use JWT to easily achieve a stateless system.
The doubt is how to perform the authentication? We've the opportunity to check the credentials directly against the database skipping the SAML process, otherwise we've to implement a solution where the SSO IdP acts as authentication provider and then when an attempt is successful the API app will get the response from the idp and then issue a signed jwt to the consumer client. Is this second way a common implementation? Is it possible?
What path do you suggest to follow? The first could be very easy to achieve, but since we're using html+js for the app's frontend, if we decide to use the second solution probably in the near future we could recycle some code from the app to modernize some functions on the web portals, maintaining the jwt pattern and consuming the new Api also on the web.
I believe that in this case will be easier to ask a token to the new api using someway the logged in user's data already in the session of the portal. Sounds possible?
I hope that everything was clear, any help will be appreciated!
Thanks
The key goal here is to code your apps in the best way, via
the latest security standards (OAuth 2.0 and Open Id Connect).
SAML is an outdated protocol that is not web / mobile / API friendly, and does not fit with modern coding models.
Sounds like you want to do OAuth but you do not have an OAuth Authorization Server, which is a key part of the solution. If you could migrate to one you would have the best future options for your apps.
OPTION 1
Use the most standard and simple option - but users have to login with a new login screen + credentials:
Mobile or Web UI uses Authorization Flow (PKCE) and redirects to an Authorization Server to sign the user in
Mobile or Web UI receives an access token after login that can be sent to the API
Access token format is most commonly a JWT that the API can validate and identify the user from
The API is not involved in the login or token issuing processes
OPTION 2
Extend option 1 to federate to your SAML Identity Provider - enables users to login in the existing way:
The Authorization Server is configured to trust your SAML based identity provider and to redirect to it during logins
The SAML idp presents a login screen and then posts a SAML token to the Authorization Server
The Authorization Server issues OAuth based tokens based on the SAML token details
OPTION 3
Use a bridging solution (not really recommended but sometimes worth considering if you have no proper authorization server - at least it gets your apps using OAuth tokens):
Mobile or Web UI uses Resource Owner Password Grant and sends credentials to a new OAuth endpoint that you develop
OAuth endpoint provides a /oauth/token endpoint to receive the request
OAuth endpoint checks the credentials against the database - or translates to a SAML request that is forwarded to the IDP
OAuth endpoint does its own issuing of JWT access tokens via a third party library (if credentials are valid)
Web or Mobile UI sends JWT access token to API
API validates received JWT access token

OpenId Connect Implicit flow, how to maintain session

I am building an Angular SPA app and using Okta as an Idp. since its an SPA so I think I need to use Implicit flow. I have two queries here-
Since in Implicit flow a refresh token is not issued, does it means that th user will be logged out of the app after the token expires and he has to log in again?
Why do I need to use Implicit flow in case of SPA? why not Authorization code flow? since I have control over both the front end (SPA) and back end (REST API) . for example in case of Spring MVC architecture for the web app Authorization code flow is possible.
Thanks,
pchh
Yes, if the token expired, you have to re-autenticate. Normally you still have a valid session on the identity providers site, so you can do a "silent" login using an iframe. Libraries like oidc-client support a silent login, which can do this for you.
You need to use implicit (or hybrid) flow, when you need to access to the access token from your javascript app. With authorization code flow your javascript app doesn't get the access token, so if your API needs an access token for authorization, what are you going to send?
If your auth server supports OpenID Connect (OAuth2 extension) and single sign-on (SSO) feature, to get a new token before the old gets expired, use an iframe with a URL you used for authentication, but add prompt=none parameter (and possibly id_token_hint parameter). See OpenId Connect RFC. The prompt=none parameter tells the /auth endpoint to issue a new token(s) if the user has an open SSO session at your OAuth2 server. If not, the request will fail. There is a separate RFC for session management.
The Authorization code flow requires you to access the /token endpoint, which usually requires authentication (client ID + client secret) and you cannot keep the secret safe in a browser. For this reason, the token endpoint doesn't use to support CORS headers, so you cannot access it using XHR. Using the Auth code flow, you get a code as a redirect URL param (?code=), which gets to the server hosting your SPA (browser sends it there after redirect). The implicit flow returns tokens in hash part of the redirect URL (#access_token=), which stays in a browser (it's not sent to the server), so it's safer.

Why does authorization grant flow skip the authorization code just return an access token?

I'm learning about O Auth 2 from here
I was wondering in the step of "Authorization server redirects user agent to client with authorization code", why doesn't the server just give the access token instead? Why give an authorization code that then is used to get the access token? Why not just give the access token directly? Is it because there there is a different access token for each resource so that you need to go through O Auth again to access a different resource?
The authorization grant code can pass through unsecured or potentially risky environments such as basic HTTP connection (not HTTPS) or a browser. But it's worthless without a client secret. The client can be a backend application. If the OAuth2 server returned a token, it could get compromised.
There is another OAuth2 flow - the Implicit flow, which returns an access token right after the authentication, but it's designed mainly for JavaScript applications or other deployments where it's safe to use it.
If a malicious app gets hold of the client id of your app(which is easily available, for example one can inspect the source), then it can use that to retrieve the token without the use of the client secret. All the malicious app needs to do is to somehow either specify the redirect URI to itself or to tap into the registered redirect URI.
That is the reason for breaking the flow as such. Note, when the client secret is not to be used as in SPA (Single Page Apps) or Mobile Apps, then PKCE comes to the rescue.
There is a reason for breaking up the authorization flow so as to keep the resource owner's interaction with the authorization server isolated from the client's interactions with the authorization server. Therefore we need to have two interactions with the authorization server. One in which the resource owner authenticates with it's credentials to the authorization server. And another where the client sends in it's client secret to the authorization server.
Please also see PKCE that deals with SPA (SinglePageApp)/Mobile apps.

Distinguish between different HTTP Authorization headers

I have an Android app where the users can login/signup using their facebook account. When the user logins, it sends
Authorization: Bearer oauth2token
to the server. Now, I need to support Gmail login/signup too. There is also plan to support JWT tokens in the future.
Whats the recommended method to distinguish between OAuth2 tokens from different identity service providers?

Is autorization code is secure in oauth2?

I am completely new to oauth2. I need to implement oauth2 for securing my REST services. After reading different blog posts what I under stood is,
There are 3 things, Client,Provider and webapp.
Web app Wants to access information about the user from the provider.
If the client allows , provider will give a authorization code to the client and webapp in query string.
Now the web app will use the authorization code to obtain the access token using which it can access the resources.
Now I am bit confused regarding the authorization code. Is it secure ?
What is the life span of a authorization code? If someone else will steal the authorization code will he be able to access the user resources?
RFC 6749 recommends that the maximum lifetime of an authorization code be 10 minutes (4.1.2. Authorization Response). In other words, an authorization code expires in 10 minutes.
An authorization code is just like a ticket which is exchanged with an access token at the token endpoint. An authorization code is not an access token, so no one can access any data with an authorization code. In addition, an OAuth 2.0 server will discard or invalidate the authorization code after the exchange.
These two request have to be done over HTTPS (mandatory) since they are requests to the OAuth server which has to support only HTTPS. It's only the client/requestor server who do not have to support HTTPS, so only the Auth Code is potentially sent in clear over HTTP. But the Auth Code is useless without the client ID/Secret. Basically the point of the OAuth Code flow is that the burden of having an SSL-enabled server is on the OAuth Provider (Google/Facebook etc...) and not on the users of the APIs

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