I tried to set the environment variables in .bashrc, .profile, .bash_profile, /etc/environment and also in /etc/defaults/nginx but nothing worked. Only /etc/environment was the file who actually responded echo $MY_VAR output but Rails application didn't picked those variables even after nginx and puma restarted along with daemon-reload other files even didn't responded in terminal (because When i do the ssh it renew the LINUX session). I'm using these environment variables in my_app/config folder's files. Can anyone tell a better way to make these variables work.
I'm using Nginx, Puma, Ruby on Rails 5, Capistrano and Ubuntu 18.04. Thanks in advance
If you're open to using the Dotenv gem, I used it recently in combination with keeping my environmental vars in .env (be sure to add it to your .gitignore). The docs for Dotenv explain how to do the setup. In config/application.rb, you need to add Dotenv::Railtie.load followed by YOUR_SECRECT = ENV['YOUR_SECRECT'] and any other vars you have in .env. Supposedly, if you're using Capistrano, you should be able to append .env with other linked_files in config/deploy.rb, but I ended up having to add the .env file manually to the shared dir on my server. Nevertheless, that setup made my environmental variables available to the config/environments/production.rb file.
Related
If I'm not wrong, it seems like defined with Figaro variables are not available in Docker container.
I have env files to configure Postgresq DB:
POSTGRES_USER=ENV['db_user']
POSTGRES_PASSWORD=ENV['db_password]
POSTGRES_DB=ENV['db_name']
I have application.yml file copied with all the other Rails app files to the container (I could check it with ls in the container shell).
Is it a normal behaviour ?
I also faced this issue when working on a Rails application.
The thing to note here is that for Docker, environment variables are placed in a .env file or an env_file (my_variables.env). Environment files placed in .yml or .yaml files (application.yml) are not often recognized by Docker during runtime. Here's a link to Docker's official documentation that further explains it: The “.env” file
An example of such environment variables are Database connection strings which are required during the application startup process like:
database_name
database_username
database_password
However, you can still use the Figaro gem for defining variables that are not required during application startup, like:
RAILS_MASTER_KEY
That's all.
I hope this helps
I'm deploying my rails app with Capistrano. I want to save some API keys on the server as an environment variable. Those API keys should be accessible to my rails app that is deployed with Capistrano. Those API keys should also be accessible to a separate ruby file that is run as a daemon.
setting the API keys in environment variables seems like the ideal solution, however, I can't access them in my rails app with ENV["SOME_KEY"].
According to this post, because capistrano runs as non interactive and non login, ~/.bashrc and ~/.bash_profile are not loaded. The flowchart suggests that I should use $BASH_ENV.
Can I just add my api keys in $BASH_ENV and access them in my rails app and in the ruby file that is a daemon with ENV["SOME_KEY"]?
I'm also thinking of just adding the api keys to a file somewhere on the server and symlinking it to the ruby file dir and rails dir and just open and reading it. Would this be possible?
There are a few ways that work well with Capistrano, in my experience.
rbenv-vars
If you use Ruby via Rbenv on your server, then you are in luck. There is a Rbenv plugin called rbenv-vars that automatically injects environment variables into any Ruby process, which would include your Rails app. Just add your variables to ~/.rbenv/vars on the server using KEY=value syntax. That's it.
dotenv
The dotenv gem is a similar solution, but it works as a gem you add to your Rails app and doesn't require Rbenv or any other supporting tools. Add dotenv-rails to your Gemfile and deploy. Dotenv will automatically look for a .env.production file in the root of your Rails app. For Capistrano, create a .env.production file on the server inside Capistrano's shared directory, and then add .env.production to :linked_files. Now every deploy will link to it. Declare your variables using KEY=value syntax.
.bashrc
Declare your variables with export KEY=value syntax at very top of the ~/.bashrc file on the server. On Ubuntu, this file is evaluated even during an non-interactive SSH session. Just make sure you place the declarations on the top, before this case statement:
# If not running interactively, don't do anything
case $- in
*i*) ;;
*) return;;
esac
CentOS may be a different story, so YMMV.
I made a Capistrano plugin capistrano-env_config some time ago for managing and syncing environment variables across a Capistrano cluster which works by modifying the /etc/environment file to make environment variables available throughout the system. It's easy to use and is similar to how you can set environment variables with the Heroku toolbelt. Here are some examples:
cap env:list
cap env:get[VARIABLE_NAME, VARIABLE_NAME, ...]
cap env:unset[VARIABLE_NAME, VARIABLE_NAME, ...]
cap env:set[VARIABLE_NAME=VALUE, VARIABLE_NAME=VALUE, ...]
cap env:sync
I need to set up an environment variable for my rails app. Both in my local machine and in the production server. I read some tutorials on the internet but NONE has given the complete instruction on how to set and use these variable in the actual production server. I use digital ocean and linux server to host my rails app.
I have spent days trying to figure this out, but still haven't found a clear and complete instruction from setting the variables on my local machine -> push it to git repo -> set and use the variables in production server. So, hope somebody can help me here, thanks!
UPDATE:
This is how I currently setup the environment variables in my rails app by using figoro gem:
You can set system-wide environment variables in the /etc/rc.local file (which is executed when the system boots). If your Rails app is the sole user of the Linux system, that is a good place to store credentials such as API keys because there is no risk of including this file in a public Git repository, as it is outside the application directory. The secrets will only be vulnerable if the attacker gains shell access to your Linux server.
Set the environment variables within /etc/rc.local (do not include the <> characters):
export SOME_LOGIN=<username>
export SOME_PASS=<password>
To see the value of an environment variable, use one of the following commands in the Linux shell:
printenv MY_VAR
echo $MY_VAR
To access those environment variables within Rails, use the following syntax:
Inside .rb files or at the rails console
ENV['MY_VAR']
Inside .yml files:
<%= ENV['MY_VAR'] %>
For anyone still having this issue, figaro now has an easy method in setting the production variables in heroku. Just run:
$ figaro heroku:set -e production
ryzalyusoff.
For Unix
You can use LINUX ENV in rails application.
# .env
GITHUB_SECRET_KEY=SECRET
TWITTER_ACCESS_KEY=XXXXXXXXXXXX
# in rails code
puts ENV["TWITTER_ACCESS_KEY"] # => SECRET
Create .env files for local machine and your production server. Export environment variables like this(on server with ssh):
export GITHUB_SECRET_KEY="XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX"
Anyway, storing keys in config - bad idea. Just add .env.example, others keys configs add to .gitignore. Goodluck.
Example with Rails
For Windows
Syntax
SET variable
SET variable=string
SET /A "variable=expression"
SET "variable="
SET /P variable=[promptString]
SET "
Key
variable : A new or existing environment variable name e.g. _num
string : A text string to assign to the variable.
expression : Arithmetic expression
Windows CMD
I believe we should not push a secret file on git.
To ignore such file use gitignore file and push other code on the git.
On the server side just copy the secret file and create a symlink for that file.
You can find demo here http://www.elabs.se/blog/57-handle-secret-credentials-in-ruby-on-rails
You can set your environment variables in production in the same way, you do it for local system. However, there are couple of gems, which make it easier to track and push to production. Have a look at figaro. This will help you in setting up and deployment of env vars.
You can do this with figaro gem
or in rails 4 there is a file named secret.yml in config folder where you can define your environment variables this file is by default in .gitignore file.For production you need to manually copy that file to server for security reason so that your sensitive information is not available to any one
First create your variable like:
MY_ENV_VAR="this is my var"
And then make it global:
export MY_ENV_VAR
You can check if the process succeeded with:
printenv
Or:
echo MY_ENV_VAR
Never had such problem before with vps that I set up from zero, this one (Ubuntu 12.04, 64bit) was installed by some other developer.
The problem
in .bashrc file i have:
export FACEBOOK_ID=123456789
export FACEBOOK_SECRET=987654321
now in terminal if I type env I see these variables.
if I open rails console and type ENV["FACEBOOK_ID"] or ENV["FACEBOOK_SECRET"] I also can see the apropriate values.
The problem is that I have to use FACEBOOK_ID in the app in a view file and I do it with:
<%= ENV["FACEBOOK_ID"] %>
on local machine this returns the right value, in production on vps it returns nothing.
My idea is that the vps was not set up correctly, I couldnt find apache on it or ngnix, and the app is in var/www/apps/app_name/.
What could be wrong and how can I get this env variables in my template?
update
files available in root directory:
.bash_profile .bashrc .cshrc .zprofile .zshrc
Don't put it in local environment. What to do when you deploy the app? What to do when you want to develop another app on your local machine which use Facebook id as well?
Use Figaro gem. It's built for handling such case, env variables and private data. The env variables can be set in YAML file in app and won't be committed to repo. You won't regret.
I've set up Passenger in development (Mac OS X) and it works flawlessly. The only problem came later: now I have a custom GEM_HOME path and ImageMagick binaries installed in "/usr/local". I can put them in one of the shell rc files that get sourced and this solves the environment variables for processes spawned from the console; but what about Passenger? The same application cannot find my gems when run this way.
I know of two solutions. The first (documented here) is essentially the same as manveru's—set the ENV variable directly in your code.
The second is to create a wrapper around the Ruby interpreter that Passenger uses, and is documented here (look for passenger_with_ruby). The gist is that you create (and point PassengerRuby in your Apache config to) /usr/bin/ruby_with_env, an executable file consisting of:
#!/bin/bash
export ENV_VAR=value
/usr/bin/ruby $*
Both work; the former approach is a little less hackish, I think.
Before you do any requires (especially before requiring rubygems) you can do:
ENV['GEM_HOME'] = '/foo'
This will change the environment variable inside this process.
I found out that if you have root priviledges on computer then you can set necessary environment variables in "envvars" file and apachectl will execute this file before starting Apache.
envvars typically is located in the same directory where apachectl is located - on Mac OS X it is located in /usr/sbin. If you cannot find it then look in the source of apachectl script.
After changing envvars file restart Apache with "apachectl -k restart".
I've run into this issue as well. It appears that Passenger doesn't passthrough values set using the SetEnv apache directive - which is unfortunate.
Perhaps it might be possible to set environment variables in your environment.rb or boot.rb (assuming you're talking about a Rails app; I'm not familiar with Rack but presumably it has similar functionality)