Docker: No such file or directory - docker

[root#mymachine redisc]# ls
app.py Dockerfile redis.conf redis-server requirements.txt
[root#mymachine redisc]# cat Dockerfile
# Use an official Python runtime as a parent image
FROM python:2.7-slim
#FROM alpine:3.7
# Define mountable directories.
VOLUME ["/x/build/"]
# Set the working directory to /app
WORKDIR /app
# Copy the current directory contents into the container at /app
ADD . /app
# Make port 80 available to the world outside this container
EXPOSE 6379
# Define environment variable
ENV NAME Redis
# Run app.py when the container launches
CMD ["/app/redis-server", "/app/redis_rtp.conf"]
I've built the image as myredis
[root#mymachine redisc]# docker run -p 6379:6379
*** FATAL CONFIG FILE ERROR ***
Reading the configuration file, at line 104
>>> 'logfile /x/build/redis/logs/redis_6379_container.log'
Can't open the log file: No such file or directory
the above gave me an error so I've tried supplying the path
[root#mymachine redisc]# docker run -p 6379:6379 -v /x/build/redis/log myredis
It gave me the same error but the dir exists.
[root#mymachine9 redisc]# ls /x/build/redis/logs/
redis2_6379.log redis_6379.log
Why isn't the dir not accessible from the container? how can I fix it?
thank you

VOLUME ["/x/build/"] means that you want to mount /x/build/ dir of a container into the host OS.
In contrast, I think you expect that the container mounts /x/build/ of host OS into the container.
That is why I asked [root#mymachine9 redisc]# ls /x/build/redis/logs/ is in the container or host OS and that is why docker returns the error No such file or directory.
Because docker will just have just empty /x/build/ dir.
(if the base image doesn't have the /x/build/, docker will create the dir)
For example,
# Add into you Dockferfile
RUN mkdir -p /testDir && touch /testDir/test && echo "test1234" >> /testDir/test
VOLUME ["/testDir"]
---------
# Run a container
$ docker run --name test image_name
# Check mount position
$ docker inspect test -f {{.Mounts}}
[{volume 09e3cedef5ceeef0cbd944785e0ea629d4c65a20b10d1384bbd50a1c67879845 /var/lib/docker/volumes/09e3cedef5ceeef0cbd944785e0ea629d4c65a20b10d1384bbd50a1c67879845/_data /testDir local true }]
# Move to mount position
$ cd /var/lib/docker/volumes/09e3cedef5ceeef0cbd944785e0ea629d4c65a20b10d1384bbd50a1c67879845/_data
# Check if the content is from testDir of base image.
$ ls
test
$ cat test
test1234
As #fernandezcuesta comment, you can use bind option for your purpose.
-v /x/build/redis/logs:/x/build/redis/logs
or
--mount type=bind,source=/x/build/redis/logs,target=/x/build/redis/logs
-----Edit-----
For now, there is no way to do bind option in Dockerfile, that is while building an image. Refer this issue, you can find why docker doesn't support that.
In short
bind mounts are linked to the host, as Dockerfiles can be shared, it would break compatibility (a Dockerfile with your bind mounts won't work on my machine)
bind mounts are more related to the run than to the build.

Related

docker compose: create volume and copy files from another folder [duplicate]

I'm thinking of using Docker to build my dependencies on a Continuous Integration (CI) server, so that I don't have to install all the runtimes and libraries on the agents themselves.
To achieve this I would need to copy the build artifacts that are built inside the container back into the host. Is that possible?
In order to copy a file from a container to the host, you can use the command
docker cp <containerId>:/file/path/within/container /host/path/target
Here's an example:
$ sudo docker cp goofy_roentgen:/out_read.jpg .
Here goofy_roentgen is the container name I got from the following command:
$ sudo docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
1b4ad9311e93 bamos/openface "/bin/bash" 33 minutes ago Up 33 minutes 0.0.0.0:8000->8000/tcp, 0.0.0.0:9000->9000/tcp goofy_roentgen
You can also use (part of) the Container ID. The following command is equivalent to the first
$ sudo docker cp 1b4a:/out_read.jpg .
You do not need to use docker run.
You can do it with docker create.
From the docs:
The docker create command creates a writeable container layer over the specified image and prepares it for running the specified command. The container ID is then printed to STDOUT. This is similar to docker run -d except the container is never started.
So, you can do:
docker create --name dummy IMAGE_NAME
docker cp dummy:/path/to/file /dest/to/file
docker rm -f dummy
Here, you never start the container. That looked beneficial to me.
Mount a "volume" and copy the artifacts into there:
mkdir artifacts
docker run -i -v ${PWD}/artifacts:/artifacts ubuntu:14.04 sh << COMMANDS
# ... build software here ...
cp <artifact> /artifacts
# ... copy more artifacts into `/artifacts` ...
COMMANDS
Then when the build finishes and the container is no longer running, it has already copied the artifacts from the build into the artifacts directory on the host.
Edit
Caveat: When you do this, you may run into problems with the user id of the docker user matching the user id of the current running user. That is, the files in /artifacts will be shown as owned by the user with the UID of the user used inside the docker container. A way around this may be to use the calling user's UID:
docker run -i -v ${PWD}:/working_dir -w /working_dir -u $(id -u) \
ubuntu:14.04 sh << COMMANDS
# Since $(id -u) owns /working_dir, you should be okay running commands here
# and having them work. Then copy stuff into /working_dir/artifacts .
COMMANDS
docker cp containerId:source_path destination_path
containerId can be obtained from the command docker ps -a
source path should be absolute. for example, if the application/service directory starts from the app in your docker container the path would be /app/some_directory/file
example : docker cp d86844abc129:/app/server/output/server-test.png C:/Users/someone/Desktop/output
TLDR;
$ docker run --rm -iv${PWD}:/host-volume my-image sh -s <<EOF
chown $(id -u):$(id -g) my-artifact.tar.xz
cp -a my-artifact.tar.xz /host-volume
EOF
Description
docker run with a host volume, chown the artifact, cp the artifact to the host volume:
$ docker build -t my-image - <<EOF
> FROM busybox
> WORKDIR /workdir
> RUN touch foo.txt bar.txt qux.txt
> EOF
Sending build context to Docker daemon 2.048kB
Step 1/3 : FROM busybox
---> 00f017a8c2a6
Step 2/3 : WORKDIR /workdir
---> Using cache
---> 36151d97f2c9
Step 3/3 : RUN touch foo.txt bar.txt qux.txt
---> Running in a657ed4f5cab
---> 4dd197569e44
Removing intermediate container a657ed4f5cab
Successfully built 4dd197569e44
$ docker run --rm -iv${PWD}:/host-volume my-image sh -s <<EOF
chown -v $(id -u):$(id -g) *.txt
cp -va *.txt /host-volume
EOF
changed ownership of '/host-volume/bar.txt' to 10335:11111
changed ownership of '/host-volume/qux.txt' to 10335:11111
changed ownership of '/host-volume/foo.txt' to 10335:11111
'bar.txt' -> '/host-volume/bar.txt'
'foo.txt' -> '/host-volume/foo.txt'
'qux.txt' -> '/host-volume/qux.txt'
$ ls -n
total 0
-rw-r--r-- 1 10335 11111 0 May 7 18:22 bar.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 10335 11111 0 May 7 18:22 foo.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 10335 11111 0 May 7 18:22 qux.txt
This trick works because the chown invocation within the heredoc the takes $(id -u):$(id -g) values from outside the running container; i.e., the docker host.
The benefits are:
you don't have to docker container run --name or docker container create --name before
you don't have to docker container rm after
From DockerContainer To LocalMachine
$docker cp containerId:/sourceFilePath/someFile.txt C:/localMachineDestinationFolder
From LocalMachine To DockerContainer
$docker cp C:/localMachineSourceFolder/someFile.txt containerId:/containerDestinationFolder
Mount a volume, copy the artifacts, adjust owner id and group id:
mkdir artifacts
docker run -i --rm -v ${PWD}/artifacts:/mnt/artifacts centos:6 /bin/bash << COMMANDS
ls -la > /mnt/artifacts/ls.txt
echo Changing owner from \$(id -u):\$(id -g) to $(id -u):$(id -g)
chown -R $(id -u):$(id -g) /mnt/artifacts
COMMANDS
EDIT: Note that some of the commands like $(id -u) are backslashed and will therefore be processed within the container, while the ones that are not backslashed will be processed by the shell being run in the host machine BEFORE the commands are sent to the container.
Most of the answers do not indicate that the container must run before docker cp will work:
docker build -t IMAGE_TAG .
docker run -d IMAGE_TAG
CONTAINER_ID=$(docker ps -alq)
# If you do not know the exact file name, you'll need to run "ls"
# FILE=$(docker exec CONTAINER_ID sh -c "ls /path/*.zip")
docker cp $CONTAINER_ID:/path/to/file .
docker stop $CONTAINER_ID
If you don't have a running container, just an image, and assuming you want to copy just a text file, you could do something like this:
docker run the-image cat path/to/container/file.txt > path/to/host/file.txt
With the release of Docker 19.03, you can skip creating the container and even building an image. There's an option with BuildKit based builds to change the output destination. You can use this to write the results of the build to your local directory rather than into an image. E.g. here's a build of a go binary:
$ ls
Dockerfile go.mod main.go
$ cat Dockerfile
FROM golang:1.12-alpine as dev
RUN apk add --no-cache git ca-certificates
RUN adduser -D appuser
WORKDIR /src
COPY . /src/
CMD CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -o app . && ./app
FROM dev as build
RUN CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -o app .
USER appuser
CMD [ "./app" ]
FROM scratch as release
COPY --from=build /etc/passwd /etc/group /etc/
COPY --from=build /src/app /app
USER appuser
CMD [ "/app" ]
FROM scratch as artifact
COPY --from=build /src/app /app
FROM release
From the above Dockerfile, I'm building the artifact stage that only includes the files I want to export. And the newly introduced --output flag lets me write those to a local directory instead of an image. This needs to be performed with the BuildKit engine that ships with 19.03:
$ DOCKER_BUILDKIT=1 docker build --target artifact --output type=local,dest=. .
[+] Building 43.5s (12/12) FINISHED
=> [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile 0.7s
=> => transferring dockerfile: 572B 0.0s
=> [internal] load .dockerignore 0.5s
=> => transferring context: 2B 0.0s
=> [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/golang:1.12-alpine 0.9s
=> [dev 1/5] FROM docker.io/library/golang:1.12-alpine#sha256:50deab916cce57a792cd88af3479d127a9ec571692a1a9c22109532c0d0499a0 22.5s
=> => resolve docker.io/library/golang:1.12-alpine#sha256:50deab916cce57a792cd88af3479d127a9ec571692a1a9c22109532c0d0499a0 0.0s
=> => sha256:1ec62c064901392a6722bb47a377c01a381f4482b1ce094b6d28682b6b6279fd 155B / 155B 0.3s
=> => sha256:50deab916cce57a792cd88af3479d127a9ec571692a1a9c22109532c0d0499a0 1.65kB / 1.65kB 0.0s
=> => sha256:2ecd820bec717ec5a8cdc2a1ae04887ed9b46c996f515abc481cac43a12628da 1.36kB / 1.36kB 0.0s
=> => sha256:6a17089e5a3afc489e5b6c118cd46eda66b2d5361f309d8d4b0dcac268a47b13 3.81kB / 3.81kB 0.0s
=> => sha256:89d9c30c1d48bac627e5c6cb0d1ed1eec28e7dbdfbcc04712e4c79c0f83faf17 2.79MB / 2.79MB 0.6s
=> => sha256:8ef94372a977c02d425f12c8cbda5416e372b7a869a6c2b20342c589dba3eae5 301.72kB / 301.72kB 0.4s
=> => sha256:025f14a3d97f92c07a07446e7ea8933b86068d00da9e252cf3277e9347b6fe69 125.33MB / 125.33MB 13.7s
=> => sha256:7047deb9704134ff71c99791be3f6474bb45bc3971dde9257ef9186d7cb156db 125B / 125B 0.8s
=> => extracting sha256:89d9c30c1d48bac627e5c6cb0d1ed1eec28e7dbdfbcc04712e4c79c0f83faf17 0.2s
=> => extracting sha256:8ef94372a977c02d425f12c8cbda5416e372b7a869a6c2b20342c589dba3eae5 0.1s
=> => extracting sha256:1ec62c064901392a6722bb47a377c01a381f4482b1ce094b6d28682b6b6279fd 0.0s
=> => extracting sha256:025f14a3d97f92c07a07446e7ea8933b86068d00da9e252cf3277e9347b6fe69 5.2s
=> => extracting sha256:7047deb9704134ff71c99791be3f6474bb45bc3971dde9257ef9186d7cb156db 0.0s
=> [internal] load build context 0.3s
=> => transferring context: 2.11kB 0.0s
=> [dev 2/5] RUN apk add --no-cache git ca-certificates 3.8s
=> [dev 3/5] RUN adduser -D appuser 1.7s
=> [dev 4/5] WORKDIR /src 0.5s
=> [dev 5/5] COPY . /src/ 0.4s
=> [build 1/1] RUN CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -o app . 11.6s
=> [artifact 1/1] COPY --from=build /src/app /app 0.5s
=> exporting to client 0.1s
=> => copying files 10.00MB 0.1s
After the build was complete the app binary was exported:
$ ls
Dockerfile app go.mod main.go
$ ./app
Ready to receive requests on port 8080
Docker has other options to the --output flag documented in their upstream BuildKit repo: https://github.com/moby/buildkit#output
For anyone trying to do this with a MySQL container and storing the volumes locally on your machine. I used the syntax that was provided in the top rated reply to this question. But had to use a specific path that's specific to MySQL
docker cp containerIdHere:/var/lib/mysql pathToYourLocalMachineHere
I am posting this for anyone that is using Docker for Mac.
This is what worked for me:
$ mkdir mybackup # local directory on Mac
$ docker run --rm --volumes-from <containerid> \
-v `pwd`/mybackup:/backup \
busybox \
cp /data/mydata.txt /backup
Note that when I mount using -v that backup directory is automatically created.
I hope this is useful to someone someday. :)
docker cp [OPTIONS] CONTAINER:SRC_PATH DEST_PATH to copy from the container to the host machine.
e.g. docker cp test:/opt/file1 /etc/
For Vice-Versa:
docker cp [OPTIONS] SRC_PATH CONTAINER:DEST_PATH to copy from host machine to container.
Another good option is first build the container and then run it using the -c flag with the shell interpreter to execute some commads
docker run --rm -i -v <host_path>:<container_path> <mydockerimage> /bin/sh -c "cp -r /tmp/homework/* <container_path>"
The above command does this:
-i = run the container in interactive mode
--rm = removed the container after the execution.
-v = shared a folder as volume from your host path to the container path.
Finally, the /bin/sh -c lets you introduce a command as a parameter and that command will copy your homework files to the container path.
I hope this additional answer may help you
docker run -dit --rm IMAGE
docker cp CONTAINER:SRC_PATH DEST_PATH
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/run/
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/cp/
I used PowerShell (Admin) with this command.
docker cp {container id}:{container path}/error.html C:\\error.html
Example
docker cp ff3a6608467d:/var/www/app/error.html C:\\error.html
sudo docker cp <running_container_id>:<full_file_path_in_container> <path_on_local_machine>
Example :
sudo docker cp d8a17dfc455f:/tests/reports /home/acbcb/Documents/abc
If you just want to pull a file from an image (instead of a running container) you can do this:
docker run --rm <image> cat <source> > <local_dest>
This will bring up the container, write the new file, then remove the container. One drawback, however, is that the file permissions and modified date will not be preserved.
As a more general solution, there's a CloudBees plugin for Jenkins to build inside a Docker container. You can select an image to use from a Docker registry or define a Dockerfile to build and use.
It'll mount the workspace into the container as a volume (with appropriate user), set it as your working directory, do whatever commands you request (inside the container).
You can also use the docker-workflow plugin (if you prefer code over UI) to do this, with the image.inside() {} command.
Basically all of this, baked into your CI/CD server and then some.
The easiest way is to just create a container, get the ID, and then copy from there
IMAGE_TAG=my-image-tag
container=$(docker create ${IMAGE_TAG})
docker cp ${container}:/src-path ./dst-path/
Create a data directory on the host system (outside the container) and mount this to a directory visible from inside the container. This places the files in a known location on the host system, and makes it easy for tools and applications on the host system to access the files
docker run -d -v /path/to/Local_host_dir:/path/to/docker_dir docker_image:tag
This can also be done in the SDK for example python. If you already have a container built you can lookup the name via console ( docker ps -a ) name seems to be some concatenation of a scientist and an adjective (i.e. "relaxed_pasteur").
Check out help(container.get_archive) :
Help on method get_archive in module docker.models.containers:
get_archive(path, chunk_size=2097152) method of docker.models.containers.Container instance
Retrieve a file or folder from the container in the form of a tar
archive.
Args:
path (str): Path to the file or folder to retrieve
chunk_size (int): The number of bytes returned by each iteration
of the generator. If ``None``, data will be streamed as it is
received. Default: 2 MB
Returns:
(tuple): First element is a raw tar data stream. Second element is
a dict containing ``stat`` information on the specified ``path``.
Raises:
:py:class:`docker.errors.APIError`
If the server returns an error.
Example:
>>> f = open('./sh_bin.tar', 'wb')
>>> bits, stat = container.get_archive('/bin/sh')
>>> print(stat)
{'name': 'sh', 'size': 1075464, 'mode': 493,
'mtime': '2018-10-01T15:37:48-07:00', 'linkTarget': ''}
>>> for chunk in bits:
... f.write(chunk)
>>> f.close()
So then something like this will pull out from the specified path ( /output) in the container to your host machine and unpack the tar.
import docker
import os
import tarfile
# Docker client
client = docker.from_env()
#container object
container = client.containers.get("relaxed_pasteur")
#setup tar to write bits to
f = open(os.path.join(os.getcwd(),"output.tar"),"wb")
#get the bits
bits, stat = container.get_archive('/output')
#write the bits
for chunk in bits:
f.write(chunk)
f.close()
#unpack
tar = tarfile.open("output.tar")
tar.extractall()
tar.close()
docker cp [OPTIONS] SRC_PATH CONTAINER:DEST_PATH
The DEST_PATH must be pre-exist
If you use podman/buildah1, it offers greater flexibility for copying files from a container to the host because it allows you to mount the container.
After you create the container as in this answer
podman create --name dummy IMAGE_NAME
Now we can mount the entire container, and then we use the cp utility found in almost every linux box to copy the contents of /etc/foobar from the container (dummy), into /tmp on our host machine. All this can be done rootless. Observe:
$ podman unshare -- bash -c '
mnt=$(podman mount dummy)
cp -R ${mnt}/etc/foobar /tmp
podman umount dummy
'
1. podman uses buildah internally, and they also share almost the same api
if you need a small file, you can use this section
Docker container inside
docker run -it -p 4122:4122 <container_ID>
nc -l -p 4122 < Output.txt
Host machine
nc 127.0.0.1 4122 > Output.txt
Create a path where you want to copy the file and then use:
docker run -d -v hostpath:dockerimag
You can use bind instead of volume if you want to mount only one folder, not create special storage for a container:
Build your image with tag :
docker build . -t <image>
Run your image and bind current $(pwd) directory where app.py stores and map it to /root/example/ inside your container.
docker run --mount type=bind,source="$(pwd)",target=/root/example/ <image> python app.py

Why some of the directory in docker container can be mount and share files out and some can not

I'm a new leaner of docker.I came a cross a problem while I'm trying to make my own docker image.
Here's the thing.I create a new DockerFile to build my own mysql image in which I declared MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD and put some init scripts in the container.
Here is my Docker
FROM mysql:5.7
MAINTAINER CarbonFace<553127022#qq.com>
ENV TZ Asia/Shanghai
ENV MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD Carbon#mysqlRoot7
ENV INIT_DATA_DIR /initData/sql
ENV INIT_SQL_FILE_0 privileges.sql
ENV INIT_SQL_FILE_1 carbon_user_sql.sql
ENV INIT_SQL_FILE_2 carbonface_sql.sql
COPY ./my.cnf /etc/mysql/donf.d/
RUN mkdir -p $INIT_DATA_DIR
COPY ./sqlscript/$INIT_SQL_FILE_0 $INIT_DATA_DIR/
COPY ./sqlscript/$INIT_SQL_FILE_1 $INIT_DATA_DIR/
COPY ./sqlscript/$INIT_SQL_FILE_2 $INIT_DATA_DIR/
COPY ./sqlscript/$INIT_SQL_FILE_0 /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/
COPY ./sqlscript/$INIT_SQL_FILE_1 /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/
COPY ./sqlscript/$INIT_SQL_FILE_2 /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/
CMD ["mysqld"]
I'm trying to build a docker image which contains my own config file and when mounted it would be showed in the local directory and can be modified.
I'm really confused that when I start my container with this image like the official description and also here is my commands:
docker run -dp 3306:3306 \
-v /usr/local/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql \
-v/usr/local/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d \
--name mysql mysql:<my builded tag>
You know I'm trying to mounted the
/usr/local/mysql/conf to the /etc/mysql/conf.d in the container which is been told as the custom config file mounted location.
And I supposed that my custom config file my.cnf which has been copied into the image during docker build and would be show in my local direcroty /usr/local/mysql/conf
And since I already copied my custom config file into image which you can see in my DockerFile.
But it turns out that the directory is empty and the /etc/mysql/conf.d is also overwrite by local directory.
Before I run my container, both /usr/local/mysql/conf and /usr/local/mysql/data is empty at all.
OK fine, I've been told that the volume mounted directory would overwrite the file inside the container.
But how could the empty data directory shows the data files inside the container but the empty conf directory overwrite the conf.d directory in the container.
It make no sense.
I was very confused and I would be very appreciate it if someone can explain why it happens.
My OS is MacOS Big Sur and I used the latest docker.
A host-directory bind mount, -v /host/path:/container/path, always hides the contents of the image and replaces it with the host directory. If the host directory is empty, the container directory will be the same empty directory at container startup time.
The Docker Hub mysql container has an involved entrypoint script that checks to see if the data directory is empty, and if so, initializes the database; abstracted out
#!/bin/sh
# (actually in hundreds of lines of shell code, with more options)
if [ ! -d /var/lib/mysql/data/mysql ]; then
mysql_install_db
# (...and start a temporary database server and run the
# /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d scripts)
fi
# then run the main container command
exec "$#"
Simply the presence of a volume doesn't cause files to be copied (with one exception at one specific point in the lifecycle for named volumes), so if you need to copy content from a container to the host you either need to do it manually with docker cp or have a way in the container code to do it.

Get build files to persist on host after docker-compose build is run

I'm trying to run a docker-compose build command with a Dockerfile and a docker-compose.yml file.
Inside the docker-compose.yml file, I'm trying to bind a local folder on the host machine ./dist with a folder on the container app/dist.
version: '3.8'
services:
dev:
build:
context: .
volumes:
- ./dist:app/dist # I'm expecting files to be changed or added to the container's app/dist to be reflected to the host's ./dist folder
Inside the Dockerfile, I build some files with an NPM script that I'm wanting to make available on the host machine once the build is finished. I'm also touching a new file inside the /app/dist/test.md just as a simple test to see if the file ends up on the host machine, but it does not.
FROM node:8.17.0-alpine as example
RUN mkdir /app
WORKDIR /app
COPY . /app
RUN npm install
RUN npm run dist
RUN touch /app/dist/test.md
Is there a way to do this? I also tried using the "long syntax" as mentioned in the Docker Compose v3 documentation: https://docs.docker.com/compose/compose-file/compose-file-v3/
The easiest way to do this is to install Node and run the npm commands directly on the host.
$BREW_OR_APT_GET_OR_YUM_OR_SOMETHING install node
npm install
npm run dist
# done
There's not an easy way to use a Dockerfile to build host content. The Dockerfile can't write out directly to the host filesystem; if you use a volume mount, the host volume hides the container content before anything else happens.
That means, if you want to use this approach, you need to launch a temporary container to get the content out. You can do it with a one-off container, mounting the host directory somewhere other than /app, making the main container command be cp:
sudo docker build -t myimage .
sudo docker run --rm \
-v "$PWD/dist:/out" \
myimage \
cp -a /app/dist /out
Or, if you specifically wanted to use docker cp:
sudo docker build -t myimage .
sudo docker create --name to-copy myimage
sudo docker cp -r to-copy:/app/dist ./dist
sudo docker rm to-copy
Note that any of these sequences are more complex than just installing a local Node via a package manager, and require administrator permissions (you can use the same technique to overwrite any host file, including the /etc/shadow file with encrypted passwords).

In Docker, how do I detect from inside a container, that if a file or a directory is mounted by the Docker?

I did docker-compose down/docker container rm and noticed that I lost all my data created in the container. Yes, I forgot to mount my local directory as a volume in the first place. 😭
To prevent this, on startup, I want to warn users that "the data will be non-persistent", if the local volume's not mounted.
Is there a way to detect from inside container whether a file or a directory is a mounted one via Docker?
I googled it but couldn't find a good way. And my current workaround is:
FROM alpine:latest
RUN \
mkdir /data && \
touch /data/.replaceme
...
ENTRYPOINT /detect-mount-and-start.sh
detect-mount-and-start.sh checks if /data/.replaceme exists. If so, it warns to mount a local volume and exits.
Are there a better way to detect it?
Note (2019/09/12): This container is not only used via docker-compose up but docker run --rm too. And the directory name in local are not specified. Meaning, it can be -v $(pwd)/mydata:/data or something like -v $(pwd)/data_local:/data, etc.
Note (2019/09/15): The situation is: I launched a container of Markdown Editor and created something like 100 of .md files. Those files were saved on /data on the root of the container. I should have mounted the volume like -v $(pwd)/data:/data before everything. But I didn't ... and noticed it after removing the container. My bad I know.
I don't know if I understand your question, but when you use docker-compose down, depending on how you create your docker-compose.yml, it will destroy your data, see:
Will delete you data when you execute down:
version: '2'
   mysqldb:
     image: mysql: 5.7
Don't will delete when you execute down:
version: '2'
   mysqldb:
     image: mysql: 5.7
     volumes:
       - ./data:/var/lib/mysql
Don't will delete when you execute down:
version: '2'
   mysqldb:
     image: mysql: 5.7
     volumes:
       - data-volume:/var/lib/mysql
volumes:
   data-volume:
     external: true
PS: I do not have a rating to comment on your question, so I am answering.
The way you are doing may also work, but I was working with one of my client on a project in development environment, It was nodejs based application and they need to make sure the server.js exist before starting the container and server.js was expected from mount location so I came up with this approach, As I did not find a way to sense shared docker volume inside container.
Dockerfile
FROM alpine
run mkdir -p /myapp
copy . /myapp
copy entrypoint.sh /entrypoint.sh
RUN chmod +x /entrypoint.sh
ENTRYPOINT ["/entrypoint.sh"]
entrypoint.sh
#!/bin/sh
APP_PATH="/myapp"
files=$(ls /myapp/*.js)
echo "Files in Docker mount location: $files"
if [ -f "$APP_PATH/server.js" ] && [ -f "$APP_PATH/index.js" ]; then
echo "Starting container with host mount files"
echo "Starting server.js"
cd $APP_PATH;
node server.js
else
>&2 echo "Error: Pls mount the host location on /myapp path of the container i.e -v host_node_project:/myapp. Current files $(ls $APP_PATH)"
break
fi
build and run
docker build -t myapp .
docker run -it --rm --name myapp myapp
docker-compose stop - doesn't destroy your containers
Then you can use:
docker-compose start

Docker: Copying files from Docker container to host

I'm thinking of using Docker to build my dependencies on a Continuous Integration (CI) server, so that I don't have to install all the runtimes and libraries on the agents themselves.
To achieve this I would need to copy the build artifacts that are built inside the container back into the host. Is that possible?
In order to copy a file from a container to the host, you can use the command
docker cp <containerId>:/file/path/within/container /host/path/target
Here's an example:
$ sudo docker cp goofy_roentgen:/out_read.jpg .
Here goofy_roentgen is the container name I got from the following command:
$ sudo docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
1b4ad9311e93 bamos/openface "/bin/bash" 33 minutes ago Up 33 minutes 0.0.0.0:8000->8000/tcp, 0.0.0.0:9000->9000/tcp goofy_roentgen
You can also use (part of) the Container ID. The following command is equivalent to the first
$ sudo docker cp 1b4a:/out_read.jpg .
You do not need to use docker run.
You can do it with docker create.
From the docs:
The docker create command creates a writeable container layer over the specified image and prepares it for running the specified command. The container ID is then printed to STDOUT. This is similar to docker run -d except the container is never started.
So, you can do:
docker create --name dummy IMAGE_NAME
docker cp dummy:/path/to/file /dest/to/file
docker rm -f dummy
Here, you never start the container. That looked beneficial to me.
Mount a "volume" and copy the artifacts into there:
mkdir artifacts
docker run -i -v ${PWD}/artifacts:/artifacts ubuntu:14.04 sh << COMMANDS
# ... build software here ...
cp <artifact> /artifacts
# ... copy more artifacts into `/artifacts` ...
COMMANDS
Then when the build finishes and the container is no longer running, it has already copied the artifacts from the build into the artifacts directory on the host.
Edit
Caveat: When you do this, you may run into problems with the user id of the docker user matching the user id of the current running user. That is, the files in /artifacts will be shown as owned by the user with the UID of the user used inside the docker container. A way around this may be to use the calling user's UID:
docker run -i -v ${PWD}:/working_dir -w /working_dir -u $(id -u) \
ubuntu:14.04 sh << COMMANDS
# Since $(id -u) owns /working_dir, you should be okay running commands here
# and having them work. Then copy stuff into /working_dir/artifacts .
COMMANDS
docker cp containerId:source_path destination_path
containerId can be obtained from the command docker ps -a
source path should be absolute. for example, if the application/service directory starts from the app in your docker container the path would be /app/some_directory/file
example : docker cp d86844abc129:/app/server/output/server-test.png C:/Users/someone/Desktop/output
TLDR;
$ docker run --rm -iv${PWD}:/host-volume my-image sh -s <<EOF
chown $(id -u):$(id -g) my-artifact.tar.xz
cp -a my-artifact.tar.xz /host-volume
EOF
Description
docker run with a host volume, chown the artifact, cp the artifact to the host volume:
$ docker build -t my-image - <<EOF
> FROM busybox
> WORKDIR /workdir
> RUN touch foo.txt bar.txt qux.txt
> EOF
Sending build context to Docker daemon 2.048kB
Step 1/3 : FROM busybox
---> 00f017a8c2a6
Step 2/3 : WORKDIR /workdir
---> Using cache
---> 36151d97f2c9
Step 3/3 : RUN touch foo.txt bar.txt qux.txt
---> Running in a657ed4f5cab
---> 4dd197569e44
Removing intermediate container a657ed4f5cab
Successfully built 4dd197569e44
$ docker run --rm -iv${PWD}:/host-volume my-image sh -s <<EOF
chown -v $(id -u):$(id -g) *.txt
cp -va *.txt /host-volume
EOF
changed ownership of '/host-volume/bar.txt' to 10335:11111
changed ownership of '/host-volume/qux.txt' to 10335:11111
changed ownership of '/host-volume/foo.txt' to 10335:11111
'bar.txt' -> '/host-volume/bar.txt'
'foo.txt' -> '/host-volume/foo.txt'
'qux.txt' -> '/host-volume/qux.txt'
$ ls -n
total 0
-rw-r--r-- 1 10335 11111 0 May 7 18:22 bar.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 10335 11111 0 May 7 18:22 foo.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 10335 11111 0 May 7 18:22 qux.txt
This trick works because the chown invocation within the heredoc the takes $(id -u):$(id -g) values from outside the running container; i.e., the docker host.
The benefits are:
you don't have to docker container run --name or docker container create --name before
you don't have to docker container rm after
From DockerContainer To LocalMachine
$docker cp containerId:/sourceFilePath/someFile.txt C:/localMachineDestinationFolder
From LocalMachine To DockerContainer
$docker cp C:/localMachineSourceFolder/someFile.txt containerId:/containerDestinationFolder
Mount a volume, copy the artifacts, adjust owner id and group id:
mkdir artifacts
docker run -i --rm -v ${PWD}/artifacts:/mnt/artifacts centos:6 /bin/bash << COMMANDS
ls -la > /mnt/artifacts/ls.txt
echo Changing owner from \$(id -u):\$(id -g) to $(id -u):$(id -g)
chown -R $(id -u):$(id -g) /mnt/artifacts
COMMANDS
EDIT: Note that some of the commands like $(id -u) are backslashed and will therefore be processed within the container, while the ones that are not backslashed will be processed by the shell being run in the host machine BEFORE the commands are sent to the container.
Most of the answers do not indicate that the container must run before docker cp will work:
docker build -t IMAGE_TAG .
docker run -d IMAGE_TAG
CONTAINER_ID=$(docker ps -alq)
# If you do not know the exact file name, you'll need to run "ls"
# FILE=$(docker exec CONTAINER_ID sh -c "ls /path/*.zip")
docker cp $CONTAINER_ID:/path/to/file .
docker stop $CONTAINER_ID
If you don't have a running container, just an image, and assuming you want to copy just a text file, you could do something like this:
docker run the-image cat path/to/container/file.txt > path/to/host/file.txt
With the release of Docker 19.03, you can skip creating the container and even building an image. There's an option with BuildKit based builds to change the output destination. You can use this to write the results of the build to your local directory rather than into an image. E.g. here's a build of a go binary:
$ ls
Dockerfile go.mod main.go
$ cat Dockerfile
FROM golang:1.12-alpine as dev
RUN apk add --no-cache git ca-certificates
RUN adduser -D appuser
WORKDIR /src
COPY . /src/
CMD CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -o app . && ./app
FROM dev as build
RUN CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -o app .
USER appuser
CMD [ "./app" ]
FROM scratch as release
COPY --from=build /etc/passwd /etc/group /etc/
COPY --from=build /src/app /app
USER appuser
CMD [ "/app" ]
FROM scratch as artifact
COPY --from=build /src/app /app
FROM release
From the above Dockerfile, I'm building the artifact stage that only includes the files I want to export. And the newly introduced --output flag lets me write those to a local directory instead of an image. This needs to be performed with the BuildKit engine that ships with 19.03:
$ DOCKER_BUILDKIT=1 docker build --target artifact --output type=local,dest=. .
[+] Building 43.5s (12/12) FINISHED
=> [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile 0.7s
=> => transferring dockerfile: 572B 0.0s
=> [internal] load .dockerignore 0.5s
=> => transferring context: 2B 0.0s
=> [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/golang:1.12-alpine 0.9s
=> [dev 1/5] FROM docker.io/library/golang:1.12-alpine#sha256:50deab916cce57a792cd88af3479d127a9ec571692a1a9c22109532c0d0499a0 22.5s
=> => resolve docker.io/library/golang:1.12-alpine#sha256:50deab916cce57a792cd88af3479d127a9ec571692a1a9c22109532c0d0499a0 0.0s
=> => sha256:1ec62c064901392a6722bb47a377c01a381f4482b1ce094b6d28682b6b6279fd 155B / 155B 0.3s
=> => sha256:50deab916cce57a792cd88af3479d127a9ec571692a1a9c22109532c0d0499a0 1.65kB / 1.65kB 0.0s
=> => sha256:2ecd820bec717ec5a8cdc2a1ae04887ed9b46c996f515abc481cac43a12628da 1.36kB / 1.36kB 0.0s
=> => sha256:6a17089e5a3afc489e5b6c118cd46eda66b2d5361f309d8d4b0dcac268a47b13 3.81kB / 3.81kB 0.0s
=> => sha256:89d9c30c1d48bac627e5c6cb0d1ed1eec28e7dbdfbcc04712e4c79c0f83faf17 2.79MB / 2.79MB 0.6s
=> => sha256:8ef94372a977c02d425f12c8cbda5416e372b7a869a6c2b20342c589dba3eae5 301.72kB / 301.72kB 0.4s
=> => sha256:025f14a3d97f92c07a07446e7ea8933b86068d00da9e252cf3277e9347b6fe69 125.33MB / 125.33MB 13.7s
=> => sha256:7047deb9704134ff71c99791be3f6474bb45bc3971dde9257ef9186d7cb156db 125B / 125B 0.8s
=> => extracting sha256:89d9c30c1d48bac627e5c6cb0d1ed1eec28e7dbdfbcc04712e4c79c0f83faf17 0.2s
=> => extracting sha256:8ef94372a977c02d425f12c8cbda5416e372b7a869a6c2b20342c589dba3eae5 0.1s
=> => extracting sha256:1ec62c064901392a6722bb47a377c01a381f4482b1ce094b6d28682b6b6279fd 0.0s
=> => extracting sha256:025f14a3d97f92c07a07446e7ea8933b86068d00da9e252cf3277e9347b6fe69 5.2s
=> => extracting sha256:7047deb9704134ff71c99791be3f6474bb45bc3971dde9257ef9186d7cb156db 0.0s
=> [internal] load build context 0.3s
=> => transferring context: 2.11kB 0.0s
=> [dev 2/5] RUN apk add --no-cache git ca-certificates 3.8s
=> [dev 3/5] RUN adduser -D appuser 1.7s
=> [dev 4/5] WORKDIR /src 0.5s
=> [dev 5/5] COPY . /src/ 0.4s
=> [build 1/1] RUN CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -o app . 11.6s
=> [artifact 1/1] COPY --from=build /src/app /app 0.5s
=> exporting to client 0.1s
=> => copying files 10.00MB 0.1s
After the build was complete the app binary was exported:
$ ls
Dockerfile app go.mod main.go
$ ./app
Ready to receive requests on port 8080
Docker has other options to the --output flag documented in their upstream BuildKit repo: https://github.com/moby/buildkit#output
For anyone trying to do this with a MySQL container and storing the volumes locally on your machine. I used the syntax that was provided in the top rated reply to this question. But had to use a specific path that's specific to MySQL
docker cp containerIdHere:/var/lib/mysql pathToYourLocalMachineHere
I am posting this for anyone that is using Docker for Mac.
This is what worked for me:
$ mkdir mybackup # local directory on Mac
$ docker run --rm --volumes-from <containerid> \
-v `pwd`/mybackup:/backup \
busybox \
cp /data/mydata.txt /backup
Note that when I mount using -v that backup directory is automatically created.
I hope this is useful to someone someday. :)
docker cp [OPTIONS] CONTAINER:SRC_PATH DEST_PATH to copy from the container to the host machine.
e.g. docker cp test:/opt/file1 /etc/
For Vice-Versa:
docker cp [OPTIONS] SRC_PATH CONTAINER:DEST_PATH to copy from host machine to container.
Another good option is first build the container and then run it using the -c flag with the shell interpreter to execute some commads
docker run --rm -i -v <host_path>:<container_path> <mydockerimage> /bin/sh -c "cp -r /tmp/homework/* <container_path>"
The above command does this:
-i = run the container in interactive mode
--rm = removed the container after the execution.
-v = shared a folder as volume from your host path to the container path.
Finally, the /bin/sh -c lets you introduce a command as a parameter and that command will copy your homework files to the container path.
I hope this additional answer may help you
docker run -dit --rm IMAGE
docker cp CONTAINER:SRC_PATH DEST_PATH
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/run/
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/cp/
I used PowerShell (Admin) with this command.
docker cp {container id}:{container path}/error.html C:\\error.html
Example
docker cp ff3a6608467d:/var/www/app/error.html C:\\error.html
sudo docker cp <running_container_id>:<full_file_path_in_container> <path_on_local_machine>
Example :
sudo docker cp d8a17dfc455f:/tests/reports /home/acbcb/Documents/abc
If you just want to pull a file from an image (instead of a running container) you can do this:
docker run --rm <image> cat <source> > <local_dest>
This will bring up the container, write the new file, then remove the container. One drawback, however, is that the file permissions and modified date will not be preserved.
As a more general solution, there's a CloudBees plugin for Jenkins to build inside a Docker container. You can select an image to use from a Docker registry or define a Dockerfile to build and use.
It'll mount the workspace into the container as a volume (with appropriate user), set it as your working directory, do whatever commands you request (inside the container).
You can also use the docker-workflow plugin (if you prefer code over UI) to do this, with the image.inside() {} command.
Basically all of this, baked into your CI/CD server and then some.
The easiest way is to just create a container, get the ID, and then copy from there
IMAGE_TAG=my-image-tag
container=$(docker create ${IMAGE_TAG})
docker cp ${container}:/src-path ./dst-path/
Create a data directory on the host system (outside the container) and mount this to a directory visible from inside the container. This places the files in a known location on the host system, and makes it easy for tools and applications on the host system to access the files
docker run -d -v /path/to/Local_host_dir:/path/to/docker_dir docker_image:tag
This can also be done in the SDK for example python. If you already have a container built you can lookup the name via console ( docker ps -a ) name seems to be some concatenation of a scientist and an adjective (i.e. "relaxed_pasteur").
Check out help(container.get_archive) :
Help on method get_archive in module docker.models.containers:
get_archive(path, chunk_size=2097152) method of docker.models.containers.Container instance
Retrieve a file or folder from the container in the form of a tar
archive.
Args:
path (str): Path to the file or folder to retrieve
chunk_size (int): The number of bytes returned by each iteration
of the generator. If ``None``, data will be streamed as it is
received. Default: 2 MB
Returns:
(tuple): First element is a raw tar data stream. Second element is
a dict containing ``stat`` information on the specified ``path``.
Raises:
:py:class:`docker.errors.APIError`
If the server returns an error.
Example:
>>> f = open('./sh_bin.tar', 'wb')
>>> bits, stat = container.get_archive('/bin/sh')
>>> print(stat)
{'name': 'sh', 'size': 1075464, 'mode': 493,
'mtime': '2018-10-01T15:37:48-07:00', 'linkTarget': ''}
>>> for chunk in bits:
... f.write(chunk)
>>> f.close()
So then something like this will pull out from the specified path ( /output) in the container to your host machine and unpack the tar.
import docker
import os
import tarfile
# Docker client
client = docker.from_env()
#container object
container = client.containers.get("relaxed_pasteur")
#setup tar to write bits to
f = open(os.path.join(os.getcwd(),"output.tar"),"wb")
#get the bits
bits, stat = container.get_archive('/output')
#write the bits
for chunk in bits:
f.write(chunk)
f.close()
#unpack
tar = tarfile.open("output.tar")
tar.extractall()
tar.close()
docker cp [OPTIONS] SRC_PATH CONTAINER:DEST_PATH
The DEST_PATH must be pre-exist
If you use podman/buildah1, it offers greater flexibility for copying files from a container to the host because it allows you to mount the container.
After you create the container as in this answer
podman create --name dummy IMAGE_NAME
Now we can mount the entire container, and then we use the cp utility found in almost every linux box to copy the contents of /etc/foobar from the container (dummy), into /tmp on our host machine. All this can be done rootless. Observe:
$ podman unshare -- bash -c '
mnt=$(podman mount dummy)
cp -R ${mnt}/etc/foobar /tmp
podman umount dummy
'
1. podman uses buildah internally, and they also share almost the same api
if you need a small file, you can use this section
Docker container inside
docker run -it -p 4122:4122 <container_ID>
nc -l -p 4122 < Output.txt
Host machine
nc 127.0.0.1 4122 > Output.txt
Create a path where you want to copy the file and then use:
docker run -d -v hostpath:dockerimag
You can use bind instead of volume if you want to mount only one folder, not create special storage for a container:
Build your image with tag :
docker build . -t <image>
Run your image and bind current $(pwd) directory where app.py stores and map it to /root/example/ inside your container.
docker run --mount type=bind,source="$(pwd)",target=/root/example/ <image> python app.py

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