Why is important to square returns? - return

I am studying log returns and I cannot understand why we should square the log returns to study autocorrelation. Can anyone clarify?
Thanks

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My 2 tailed sample significance is not showing in paired sample t test result on SPSS

I am trying to do a paired sample t-test analysis with SPSS, but the column that should hold the two-tailed significance is split in two: "1 sided p" and "2 sided p". I do not know how to interpret this result. Please help me out.
I want to either get the result I am looking for, which is the two-tailed significance, or understand how to interpret the results I am getting, which is 1 sided p and 2 sided p. I'm not permitted to add images yet so here is a link to the report:
C:\Users\User\Documents\paired sample t test stack.png
Thank you in advance.
I tried to run the test about 4 times with different variables and tried clicking on other options before running the analysis but the result is the same.
I unfortunately don't have SPSS anymore and cannot see your link, but alas I have looked on YouTube and found a video that shows the output of a paired samples t-test for SPSS. Here is what they have and I have highlighted what I suspect your interpretation issue is:
Basically, SPSS by default gives you the result of a one-tail and two-tail test automatically without really saying which is "correct" (this is what "one-sided" and "two-sided" mean by the way). If you are only interested in testing if there is a significant difference in either direction (two-tailed), then you only use the two-tail test p value. So in your case, just ignore the "one-sided" p-value and use the "two-sided" p value instead.

googletrans getting output same with input when translate

I got a problem with google trans I have to write the code for translation but when I run it shows the output same with the input I have tried this problem around 3-4 hour but can not be solved it
guys please give me the answer and give me the suggestion
from googletrans import Translator
translator = Translator()
result = translator.translate('안녕하세요.',dest='en')
print(result.text)
And gives me output like 안녕하세요. it was the same with the input I give
so guys please help I need your help
thank you very kind of you

F#'s DescriptiveStatistics unknown?

I am currently converting a project in F# to Python, I am a relative amateur in F#, please...what on earth does this line do...
let stats = new DescriptiveStatistics(list)
I cant find a good definition of DescriptiveStatistics anywhere! Please help!
Many thanks
That is very likely from MathNet.
Check the beginning of your F# for the line:
using MathNet.Numerics.Statistics;
https://numerics.mathdotnet.com/DescriptiveStatistics.html
"...in case you need to gather a whole set of statistical characteristics in one pass, is provided by the DescriptiveStatistics class:..." Thanks for your help guys

Deep Learning Book: What's the meaning of Pa in this section?

I'm reading Deep Learning Book and puzzled by this "undefined identifier" (the Pa in the image, line 4). It appears at Page 208. Can you tell me just what Pa() means? Just a tip so that I can refer to Google. Thanks a lot!
Link to origin image | I'm not allowed to post image directly
It means "Parents". The feed forward computation needs the values of the previous nodes to proceed.

Tan Inverse delphi

I'm looking for a function that calculates the inverse of tan on delphi. I haven't been able to find a function in delphi that calculates the inverse of tan so any help is greatly appreciated.
You are looking for either: System.ArcTan or Math.ArcTan2.
You might find ArcTan2 to be more appropriate depending on your needs. The Wikipedia article on the subject might help you understand the difference between ArcTan2 and ArcTan.

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