I have a hash whose keys are strings expressing dates in format "%W %Y":
{"11 2016"=>255000.0, "12 2016"=>255000.0, "13 2016"=>255000.0, "14 2016"=>255000.0, "15 2016"=>255000.0, "16 2016"=>255000.0, "17 2016"=>255000.0, "18 2016"=>255000.0, "19 2016"=>255000.0, "20 2016"=>255000.0}
I want to convert the keys into Month/Year format to get something like this:
{"March 2016"=>255000.0, "March 2016"=>255000.0, "April 2016"=>255000.0, "April 2016"=>255000.0, "April 2016"=>255000.0, "May 2016"=>255000.0, "May 2016"=>255000.0, "May 2016"=>255000.0, "June 2016"=>255000.0, "June 2016"=>255000.0}
I tried this:
UPDATE
def conv_to_month(hash)
dates_array = []
values = []
hash.each do |k, v|
date = Date.strptime(k, '%W %Y')
newdate = date.strftime('%B %Y')
puts newdate
dates_array << newdate
values << v
end
result = Hash[dates_array.zip(values)]
end
but I get an invalid date error, and I do not understand why.
You can parse the date strings via strptime:
date = Date.strptime('11 2016', '%W %Y')
#=> #<Date: 2016-03-14>
and re-format the resulting date via strftime:
date.strftime('%B %Y')
#=> "March 2016"
But keep in mind that a hash can only contain each key once, so you can't have two keys with "March 2016" (unless you enable compare_by_identity). You might want to use an array instead or – alternatively – use the given hash and format the string using a helper when printing the string (formatting is usually view-related).
One simple way would be something like this:
data = {"11 2016"=>255000.0, "12 2016"=>255000.0, "13 2016"=>255000.0, "14 2016"=>255000.0, "15 2016"=>255000.0, "16 2016"=>255000.0, "17 2016"=>255000.0, "18 2016"=>255000.0, "19 2016"=>255000.0, "20 2016"=>255000.0}
data.map {|k, v| month, year = k.split(' '); [[ Date::MONTHNAMES[month.to_i], year].join(' '), v]}.to_h
But in this case the first part of the date must correspond to month number correctly. Like 1 would be January and 12 would be December.
Related
I'm trying to parse these string into time: "3 on Jun 20", "Jun 20 at 3", "Jun 20 at 300".
Using DateTime.parse didnt parse "3", "300" into "3:00 AM", it just returns Wed, 20 Jun 2018 00:00:00 +0000.
Anyone has any idea to parse these integer into time?
There's Chronic, a "natural language date/time parser":
require 'chronic'
Chronic.parse('3 on Jun 20') #=> 2018-06-20 15:00:00 +0200
Chronic.parse('Jun 20 at 3') #=> 2018-06-20 15:00:00 +0200
Chronic.parse('Jun 20 at 300') #=> 2018-06-20 15:00:00 +0200
Just out of curiosity, trying to reinvent chronic in 4 LOCs :)
["3 on Jun 20", "Jun 20 at 3", "Jun 20 at 300"].map do |dt|
d, t = dt.split(/\s+at\s+/i)
t, d = dt.split(/\s+on\s+/i) unless t
return [dt] unless t && d
t = t[0..-3] + (t[-2..-1] ? ":" << t[-2..-1] : t[/.{,2}\z/] + ":00")
[d, t] # [["Jun 20", "3:00"], ["Jun 20", "3:00"], ["Jun 20", "3:00"]]
end.map { |dt| DateTime.parse dt.join ' ' }
Use strptime to parse a custom format:
DateTime.strptime("3 on Jun 20", "%H on %b %d")
https://ruby-doc.org/stdlib-2.5.0/libdoc/date/rdoc/DateTime.html#method-c-strptime
I have a hash of Month->Value
{"Apr 2016"=>6, "Aug 2016"=>9, "Jan 2017"=>11, "Apr 2017"=>6, "May 2017"=>9, "Jun 2017"=>1, "Jul 2017"=>9}
I would know what is the best way to get all empty months between the first and the last value
I would like something like
{"Apr 2016"=>6, May 2016=>0, Jun 2016=>0 .... "Aug 2016"=>9, "Sep 2016" => 0 "Jan 2017"=>11, "Apr 2017"=>6, "May 2017"=>9, "Jun 2017"=>1, "Jul 2017"=>9}
Here's another way, using each_with_object:
def add_months(dates)
min, max = dates.keys.map { |date| Date.parse(date) }.minmax
range = (min..max).map { |date| date.strftime("%b %Y") }.uniq
range.each_with_object({}) { |date, result| result[date] = dates[date] || 0 }
end
Output:
dates = {"Apr 2016"=>6, "Aug 2016"=>9, "Jan 2017"=>11, "Apr 2017"=>6, "May 2017"=>9, "Jun 2017"=>1, "Jul 2017"=>9}
add_months(dates)
#=> {
# "Apr 2016"=>6,
# "May 2016"=>0,
# "Jun 2016"=>0,
# "Jul 2016"=>0,
# "Aug 2016"=>9,
# "Sep 2016"=>0,
# "Oct 2016"=>0,
# "Nov 2016"=>0,
# "Dec 2016"=>0,
# "Jan 2017"=>11,
# "Feb 2017"=>0,
# "Mar 2017"=>0,
# "Apr 2017"=>6,
# "May 2017"=>9,
# "Jun 2017"=>1,
# "Jul 2017"=>9
# }
Code
require 'date'
def fill_in_missing_months(dates)
date_fmt = '%b %Y'
fm, lm = dates.keys.
minmax_by { |date| Date.strptime(date, date_fmt) }.
map { |date| Date.strptime(date, date_fmt) }
(0..12*(lm.year-fm.year) + lm.month-fm.month).each_with_object({}) do |_,h|
str = fm.strftime(date_fmt)
h[str] = dates.fetch(str, 0)
fm >>= 1
end
end
Example
dates = {"Apr 2016"=>6, "Aug 2016"=>9, "Jan 2017"=>11, "Apr 2017"=>6,
"May 2017"=>9, "Jun 2017"=>1, "Jul 2017"=>9}
fill_in_missing_months(dates)
#=> {"Apr 2016"=>6, "May 2016"=>0, "Jun 2016"=>0, "Jul 2016"=>0, "Aug 2016"=>9,
# "Sep 2016"=>0, "Oct 2016"=>0, "Nov 2016"=>0, "Dec 2016"=>0, "Jan 2017"=>11,
# "Feb 2017"=>0, "Mar 2017"=>0, "Apr 2017"=>6, "May 2017"=>9, "Jun 2017"=>1,
# "Jul 2017"=>9}
Explanation
Experienced Rubiests: A gory-detail-follows advisory has been issued, so you may wish to skip the rest of my answer.
Ruby expands fm >>= 1 to fm = fm >> 1 when parsing the code. Date#>> advances the date by the number of months given by its argument, which here is 1.
In addition to :>>, see the docs for the methods Integer#times, Hash#fetch, Date::strptime, Date#strftime, Date#year, Date#month, Enumerator#with_object and Enumerable#minimax_by (not including the more common methods such as Enumerable#map). Recall # in Date#year denotes an instance method whereas :: in [Date::strptime] indicates a class method.
For dates given in the example, the steps are as follows.
date_fmt = '%b %Y'
b = dates.keys
#=> ["Apr 2016", "Aug 2016", "Jan 2017", "Apr 2017", "May 2017",
# "Jun 2017", "Jul 2017"]
c = b.minmax_by { |date| Date.strptime(date, date_fmt) }
#=> ["Apr 2016", "Jul 2017"]
fm, lm = c.map { |date| Date.strptime(date, date_fmt) }
#=> [#<Date: 2016-04-01 ((2457480j,0s,0n),+0s,2299161j)>,
# #<Date: 2017-07-01 ((2457936j,0s,0n),+0s,2299161j)>]
fm #=> #<Date: 2016-04-01 ((2457480j,0s,0n),+0s,2299161j)>
lm #=> #<Date: 2017-07-01 ((2457936j,0s,0n),+0s,2299161j)>]
d = 0..12*(lm.year-fm.year) + lm.month-fm.month
#=> 0..15
e = d.each_with_object({})
#=> #<Enumerator: 0..15:each_with_object({})>
We can see the values that will be generated by e and passed to the block by converting it to an array, using Enumerable#entries (or Enumerable#to_a).
e.entries
#=> [[0, {}], [1, {}],..., [15, {}]]
The hashes in these tuples is initially empty, but will be filled in as block calculations are performed.
The first element is generated by e, which is passed to the block and the block variables are set equal to its value, using a process called disambiguation or decomposition to stab out the part associated with each block variable.
_,h = e.next
#=> [0, {}]
h #=> {}
I've used _ as the first block variable to signify that it (the index) is not used in the block calculation. Continuing,
str = fm.strftime(date_fmt)
#=> "Apr 2016"
h[str] = dates.fetch(str, 0)
#=> 6
h #=> {"Apr 2016"=>6}
In this case dates has a key "Apr 2016", so h["Apr 2016"] is set equal to dates["Apr 2016"]. In other cases dates will not have key equal to str ("May 2016", for example), so the value will be set equal to fetch's default value of 0.
fm >>= 1
#=> #<Date: 2016-05-01 ((2457510j,0s,0n),+0s,2299161j)>
fm is now May, 2016. The remaining calculations are similar.
You can use the following method to do the above :
def normalize_months(month_values)
ordered_months = month_values.keys.map do |m| Date.parse(m) end.sort.map do |s| s.strftime('%b %Y') end
normalized = []
current = ordered_months.first
while current != ordered_months.last do
normalized << current
current = Date.parse(current).next_month.strftime('%b %Y')
end
result = {}
normalized.each do |g| result[g] = month_values[g].nil? ? 0 : month_values[g] end
result
end
Do a require 'date' above this if you are doing this using pure ruby.
I would suggest a method like the following:
require 'date'
def add_missing_months(dates)
# get all months
months = dates.keys.map{|m| Date.parse(m)}
# get min and max
min = months.min
max = months.max
# collect all missing months
missing_months = {}
while min < max
min = min.next_month
missing_months[min.strftime('%b %Y')] = 0 unless months.include?(min)
end
# merge hashes
dates.merge(missing_months)
end
I have a hash
{"Apr 2016"=>6.0, "Aug 2016"=>7.5, "Jan 2017"=>8.666666666666666, "Apr 2017"=>7.333333333333333, "May 2017"=>7.571428571428571, "Jun 2017"=>6.75, "Jul 2017"=>6.7272727272727275}
I want display a chart line but the empty months in my hash create ugly chart,
I would know how get empty months and give previous value has value to get something like
{"Apr 2016"=>6.0, "May 2016"=>6, "June 2016"=>6, "July 2016"=>6 "Aug 2016"=>7.5, "Jan 2017"=>8.666666666666666...}
UPDATE: I get all values but i dont know how atribute the previous value when the value is empty, i tried many things but nothing work
Code
require 'date'
def fill_in(h)
month, date_last = h.keys.map { |s| Date.strptime(s, '%b %Y') }.minmax
h_out = {}
last = nil
loop do
str = month.strftime('%b %Y')
h_out[str] = h.fetch(str, last)
last = h_out[str]
return h_out if month == date_last
month = month >> 1
end
end
Example
h = { "May 2016"=>6.0, "Aug 2016"=>7.5, "Jan 2017"=>8.6, "Nov 2016"=>7.3 }
fill_in(h)
#=> {"May 2016"=>6.0, "Jun 2016"=>6.0, "Jul 2016"=>6.0,
# "Aug 2016"=>7.5, "Sep 2016"=>7.5, "Oct 2016"=>7.5,
# "Nov 2016"=>7.3, "Dec 2016"=>7.3, "Jan 2017"=>8.6}
Explanation
See Date::strptime, Date#strftime, Date#>>, Enumerable#minmax and Hash#fetch.
Let's go though the steps for h given in the example.
month, date_last = h.keys.map { |s| Date.strptime(s, '%b %Y') }.minmax
#=> [#<Date: 2016-05-01 ((2457510j,0s,0n),+0s,2299161j)>,
# #<Date: 2017-01-01 ((2457755j,0s,0n),+0s,2299161j)>]
month
#=> #<Date: 2016-05-01 ((2457510j,0s,0n),+0s,2299161j)>
date_last
#=> #<Date: 2017-01-01 ((2457755j,0s,0n),+0s,2299161j)>
h_out = {}
last = nil
Perform the loop calculation once
str = month.strftime('%b %Y')
#=> #<Date: 2016-05-01 ((2457510j,0s,0n),+0s,2299161j)>.strftime('%b %Y')
#=> "May 2016"
h_out[str] = h.fetch("May 2016", nil)
#=> h.fetch(str, last)
#=> 6.0
last = h_out[str]
#=> 6.0
return h_out if month == date_last
# <do not return>
month = month >> 1
#=> #<Date: 2016-06-01 ((2457541j,0s,0n),+0s,2299161j)>
Now proceed through the loop once more.
str = month.strftime('%b %Y')
#=> "Jun 2016"
h_out[str] = h.fetch(str, last)
#=> 6.0
This time fetch uses its default (last #=> 6.0) because h has no key "Jun 2016".
last = h_out[str]
#=> 6.0
return h_out if month == date_last
# <do not return>
month = month >> 1
#=> #<Date: 2016-07-01 ((2457571j,0s,0n),+0s,2299161j)>
The remaining calculations are similar.
Please read the Update as well.
You will need to fill the gaps:
require 'date'
data = {'Apr 2016' => 6.0, 'Aug 2016' => 7.5, 'Jan 2017' => 8.666666666666666, 'Apr 2017' => 7.333333333333333, 'May 2017' => 7.571428571428571, 'Jun 2017' => 6.75, 'Jul 2017' => 6.7272727272727275}
range = Date.parse('1.4.2016')..Date.parse('1.7.2017')
range.each do |date|
key = date.strftime('%b %Y')
data[key] ||= 0
end
This creates a date range with start and end date and then iterates it. It creates a String from the date (strftime) and checks if it is already in the hash (||=) and if not, assigns it with value set to 0
Depending on how you render the chart and what you actually want to display, 0 might be the wrong value, perhaps you'll need to set it to nil.
UPDATE:
I just realized that this is not the most efficient way to do this because the range will contain a entry per day, not per month. I'll leave the code in the answer but you should use something like:
require 'date'
data = {'Apr 2016' => 6.0, 'Aug 2016' => 7.5, 'Jan 2017' => 8.666666666666666, 'Apr 2017' => 7.333333333333333, 'May 2017' => 7.571428571428571, 'Jun 2017' => 6.75, 'Jul 2017' => 6.7272727272727275}
current = Date.parse('1.4.2016')
stop = Date.parse('1.7.2017')
while current <= stop do
key = current.strftime('%b %Y')
data[key] ||= 0
current = current >> 1
end
I have two Date objects, for example:
first = Fri, 02 Dec 2016
last = Wed, 01 Mar 2017
What is the most efficient way to get a unique array of months and years between them? In this case I'm after:
Dec 2016
Jan 2017
Feb 2017
Mar 2017
require 'date'
def doit(first, last)
first = first << 1
(12*last.year + last.month - 12*first.year - first.month + 1).
times.map { |i| (first = first >> 1).strftime("%b %Y") }
end
first = Date.parse('Fri, 02 Dec 2016')
last = Date.parse('Wed, 01 Mar 2017')
doit(first, last)
#=> ["Dec 2016", "Jan 2017", "Feb 2017", "Mar 2017"]
Note that
(12*last.year + last.month - 12*first.year - first.month + 1)
equals the number of months covered by the range.
You could create an array of dates, then use strftime to set the correct format, and uniq to avoid repeated values, like this:
(first..last).map{ |date| date.strftime("%b %Y") }.uniq
#=> ["Dec 2016", "Jan 2017", "Feb 2017", "Mar 2017"]
Since user asks for most efficient way (and just for fun) here's a simple benchmark of the proposed solutions:
require 'benchmark'
Benchmark.bmbm(10) do |bm|
bm.report('Cary') do
first = Date.new(1000, 1, 1)
last = Date.new(2100, 1, 1)
def doit(first, last)
(12*last.year + last.month - 12*first.year - first.month).times.map do
first.strftime("%b %Y")
first = first >> 1
end
end
doit(first, last)
end
bm.report('Simple Lime') do
first = Date.new(1000, 1, 1)
last = Date.new(2100, 1, 1)
dates = []
while first.beginning_of_month < last.end_of_month
dates << first.strftime("%b %Y")
first = first.next_month
end
end
bm.report('Máté') do
first = Date.new(1000, 1, 1)
last = Date.new(2100, 1, 1)
(first.beginning_of_month..last).map { |d| d.strftime("%b %Y") if d.day == 1 }.compact
end
bm.report('Gerry/Dan') do
first = Date.new(1000, 1, 1)
last = Date.new(2100, 1, 1)
(first..last).map{ |date| date.strftime("%b %Y") }.uniq
end
end
Results:
Rehearsal -----------------------------------------------
Cary 0.020000 0.000000 0.020000 ( 0.025968)
Simple Lime 0.190000 0.000000 0.190000 ( 0.192860)
Máté 0.460000 0.020000 0.480000 ( 0.481839)
Gerry/Dan 0.810000 0.020000 0.830000 ( 0.835931)
-------------------------------------- total: 1.520000sec
user system total real
Cary 0.020000 0.000000 0.020000 ( 0.024871)
Simple Lime 0.150000 0.000000 0.150000 ( 0.150696)
Máté 0.390000 0.010000 0.400000 ( 0.398637)
Gerry/Dan 0.710000 0.010000 0.720000 ( 0.711155)
Not a pretty one-liner, but also doesn't walk through each day individually so should be a fair bit faster for large ranges.
first = Date.new(2016, 12, 2)
last = Date.new(2017, 3, 1)
dates = []
while first.beginning_of_month < last.end_of_month
dates << first.strftime("%b %Y")
first = first.next_month
end
puts dates.inspect
# => ["Dec 2016", "Jan 2017", "Feb 2017", "Mar 2017"]
Assuming these variables:
first = Date.new(2016, 12, 2)
last = Date.new(2017, 3, 1)
A one-liner solution:
(first.beginning_of_month..last).map { |d| d.strftime("%b %Y") if d.day == 1 }.compact
#=> ["Dec 2016", "Jan 2017", "Feb 2017", "Mar 2017"]
start_date=Date.new(2016,12,2)
end_date=Date.new(2017,3,1)
(start_date..end_date).map{ |d| d.strftime("%b %Y") }.uniq
=> ["Dec 2016", "Jan 2017", "Feb 2017", "Mar 2017"]
I have to show a select box which have time from 9 Am to 11 Am Then 1Pm to 3pm with 15 minutes inteveral like the following:
9:00 AM
9:15 AM
9:30 AM
.
.
.
10:45 AM
11:00 AM
01:00 PM
01:15 PM
01:30 PM
.
.
.
2:45 PM
3:00 PM
The above mentioned range will be dynamic but it has two intervals. Hows it is possible to achieve this?
First define the boundaries,
start_time = DateTime.parse("9 AM").to_i
start_interval = DateTime.parse("11 AM").to_i
end_interval = DateTime.parse("1 PM").to_i
end_time = DateTime.parse("3 PM").to_i
Then use range and select to get the desired values,
values = (start_time..end_time).step(15.minutes).select{|t| t <= start_interval || t >= end_interval }
Then you can iterate over these values to generate select options, for example,
select_tag :dt, options_for_select(values.map{ |t| [ Time.at(t).utc.to_datetime.strftime("%H:%M %p"), Time.at(t).utc.to_datetime ] } )
You can try this in console,
> (start_time..end_time).step(15.minutes).select{|t| t <= start_interval || t >= end_interval }.map{ |t| Time.at(t).utc.to_datetime.strftime("%H:%M %p") }
=> ["09:00 AM", "09:15 AM", "09:30 AM", "09:45 AM", "10:00 AM", "10:15 AM", "10:30 AM", "10:45 AM", "11:00 AM", "13:00 PM", "13:15 PM", "13:30 PM", "13:45 PM", "14:00 PM", "14:15 PM", "14:30 PM", "14:45 PM", "15:00 PM"]