I'm an ubernoob developing a game using SpriteKit from scratch and im trying to make a character that will slide back and forth off the sides of the screen (in landscape mode) until collision is detected with another node (that I will add later). Think of pong and how the paddle can move side to side except I want that movement to be completely automatic/infinite.
Side Note: I plan on having this character jump when the screen is touched but continue with the back and forth movement. idk if that makes a difference in your approach.
Ok, so this answer isn't perfect but it's working for me right now so:
basically you touch the screen to spawn a boxd, and when the paddle touches the box some stuff happens (it stops moving):
import SpriteKit
// constants!
class GameScene: SKScene, SKPhysicsContactDelegate {
// A little complicated, but basically we want to have a constant speed across all screen sizes
var sliderSpeed: CGFloat { return self.size.width / 3 }
var slider = SKSpriteNode()
var sliderVelocity = CGFloat(0)
var sliderIsContacted = false
let boxMask = UInt32(2)
let sliderMask = UInt32(4)
// For use to contact slider
func spawnBox(at pos: CGPoint) {
let rect = CGRect(origin: CGPoint.zero, size: CGSize(width: 45, height: 45))
let shape = SKShapeNode(rect: rect)
shape.fillColor = .green
shape.position = pos
let pb = SKPhysicsBody(rectangleOf: rect.size)
pb.categoryBitMask = boxMask
pb.contactTestBitMask = sliderMask
shape.physicsBody = pb
addChild(shape)
}
func setupSlider() {
sliderVelocity = sliderSpeed
let rect = CGRect(origin: CGPoint.zero, size: CGSize(width: 45, height: 10))
let shape = SKShapeNode(rect: rect)
shape.fillColor = .blue
let pb = SKPhysicsBody(rectangleOf: rect.size)
pb.categoryBitMask = sliderMask
pb.contactTestBitMask = boxMask
pb.velocity.dx = sliderVelocity // moves our slider to the right!
// A little complicated, but basically we want to have a spritenode, not a shapenode:
slider = SKSpriteNode(texture: view!.texture(from: shape))
slider.physicsBody = pb
addChild(slider)
}
func setupWorld() {
let pb = SKPhysicsBody(edgeLoopFrom: frame)
pb.categoryBitMask = UInt32(0)
self.physicsBody = pb
physicsWorld.contactDelegate = self
physicsWorld.gravity = CGVector.zero
}
override func didMove(to view: SKView) {
setupSlider()
setupWorld()
}
}
// Game loop:
extension GameScene {
// touchesBegan in iOS:
override func mouseDown(with event: NSEvent) {
let location = event.location(in: self)
spawnBox(at: location)
}
override func update(_ currentTime: TimeInterval) {
let sliderPB = slider.physicsBody!
let halfWidth = slider.size.width/2
// move slider left when it reaches far right border:
if sliderPB.velocity.dx > 0 {
if slider.position.x >= (frame.maxX - halfWidth) {
sliderVelocity = -sliderSpeed
}
}
// move slider right when it reaches far left border:
else {
if slider.position.x <= (frame.minX + halfWidth) {
sliderVelocity = sliderSpeed
}
}
// Keep slider at constant rate:
if sliderIsContacted == false {
sliderPB.velocity.dx = sliderVelocity
}
}
func didBegin(_ contact: SKPhysicsContact) {
if contact.bodyA.categoryBitMask + contact.bodyB.categoryBitMask == sliderMask + boxMask {
sliderIsContacted = true
slider.physicsBody!.velocity.dx = 0 // stop slider
}
}
}
more complicated than it shoudl be, but I"m sdrunk so this is what I got :)
}hope it helps.
Related
I describe as StackOverflow standards the following issue.
Summarize the problem
I have issue about colliding two nodes. One is composed by a crowd and each people is a single item of my crowd defined in the same way (included in a while just to be clear and using index "i" and "j" to create the row of the crowd). I wanted to make disappear once arrive a node (as civilian) to the bottom and going to the top and the crowd remove the civilian spawned along the path. Actually I have this thing and the func tells me that the colliding happens but it didn't 'cause nothing happens and the civilian node captured by crowd it didn't disappear or removed with the removefromparent(). I've got no error messages with my compiler, it works for him. My scope is : detecting node civilian during the path by the crowd and remove this one from the path.
What I've tried
I tried many things to fix this. The first thing is following a lot of tutorials about how Collision Masks etc.. work. I know what they do. But what I've tried it was to make a invisible line for the last line of crowd of people just to see if the problem is the crowd itself and making that if the civilian node arrives to collide the invisible line is like he was in contact with the crowd but it didin't this effect. I followed a lot of tutorial such as HackingWithswift, Youtube tutorials but the procedure for me it's clear but nothing happens (sorry for being repetitive).
Show code
My problem is about this GameScene.sks because it it just one file with all the functions.
import SpriteKit
import GameplayKit
enum CategoryMask: UInt32 {
case civilian_value = 1
case crowd_value = 2
case background_value = 0
}
enum GameState {
case ready
case playing
case dead
}
var gameState = GameState.ready {
didSet {
print(gameState)
}
}
class GameScene: SKScene, SKPhysicsContactDelegate {
let player = SKSpriteNode(imageNamed: "player1")
let textureA = SKTexture(imageNamed: "player1")
let textureB = SKTexture(imageNamed: "player2")
let pause = SKSpriteNode(imageNamed: "pause-button")
let resume = SKSpriteNode(imageNamed: "pause-button")
var civilian = SKSpriteNode()
let pauseLayer = SKNode()
let gameLayer = SKNode()
weak var sceneDelegate: GameSceneDelegate?
//main
override func didMove(to view: SKView) {
self.anchorPoint = CGPoint(x: 0.5, y: 0.5)
self.physicsWorld.gravity = CGVector(dx: 0, dy: 0)
self.physicsWorld.contactDelegate = self
physicsBody = SKPhysicsBody(edgeLoopFrom: frame)
//func for dynamic background
moveBackground(image: ["background1", "background2", "background3", "background1"], x: 0, z: -3, duration: 5, size: CGSize(width: 0.5, height: 1.0))
character(player: player)
run(SKAction.repeatForever(
SKAction.sequence([
SKAction.run(civilians),
SKAction.wait(forDuration: 3.0)])))
run(SKAction.run(crowdSpawn))
pause.name="pause"
pause.position = CGPoint(x: frame.minX/1.3, y: frame.minY/1.15)
pause.size=CGSize(width: 0.1, height: 0.1)
pause.zPosition = 4
addChild(pause)
if self.scene?.isPaused == true {
resume.name="resume"
resume.position = CGPoint(x: frame.minX/1.5, y: frame.minY/1.15)
resume.size=CGSize(width: 0.1, height: 0.1)
resume.zPosition = 12
addChild(resume)
}
}
func pauseGame() {
sceneDelegate?.gameWasPaused()
let barr = SKSpriteNode()
let barrbehind = SKSpriteNode()
let buttonresume = SKSpriteNode(imageNamed: "back")
barrbehind.name = "barrbehind"
barrbehind.zPosition = 9
barrbehind.color = SKColor.black
barrbehind.size = CGSize(width: frame.width, height: frame.height)
barrbehind.alpha = 0.5
self.addChild(barradietro)
barr.name = "bar"
barr.size = CGSize(width: 0.4, height: 0.5)
barr.color = SKColor.white
barr.zPosition = 10
self.addChild(barr)
buttonresume.name = "resume"
buttonresume.zPosition = 11
buttonresume.color = SKColor.black
buttonresume.size = CGSize(width: 0.1, height: 0.1)
buttonresume.alpha = 0.5
self.addChild(buttonresume)
self.scene?.isPaused = true
}
//random func (it helps for generate randomly civilians along the path
func random() -> CGFloat {
return CGFloat(Float(arc4random()) / 0xFFFFFFFF)
}
func random(min: CGFloat, max: CGFloat) -> CGFloat {
return random() * (max - min) + min
}
//func to define civilians
func civilians() {
let civilian = SKSpriteNode(imageNamed: "PV")
civilian.name = "civilian"
//posiziono il civile
civilian.position = CGPoint(x: frame.size.width/8.0 * random(min: -1.5, max: 1.5), y: -frame.size.height * 0.45)
civilian.physicsBody = SKPhysicsBody(rectangleOf: civilian.size)
civilian.zPosition = 3
civilian.physicsBody?.categoryBitMask = CategoryMask.civilian_value.rawValue
civilian.physicsBody?.collisionBitMask = CategoryMask.crowd_value.rawValue
civilian.physicsBody?.contactTestBitMask = CategoryMask.crowd_value.rawValue
civilian.physicsBody?.isDynamic = true
//civilian size
civilian.size=CGSize(width: 0.2, height: 0.2)
//civilian movement
civilian.run(
SKAction.moveBy(x: 0.0, y: frame.size.height + civilian.size.height,duration: TimeInterval(1.77)))
addChild(civilian)
}
//func for the main character
func character(player: SKSpriteNode){
player.position = CGPoint(x: 0, y: 0)
player.size = CGSize(width: 0.2, height: 0.2)
let animation = SKAction.animate(with: [textureB,textureA], timePerFrame:0.2)
player.position = CGPoint(x: frame.midX, y: frame.midY)
addChild(player)
player.run(SKAction.repeatForever(animation))
}
//func for generate the crowd
func crowdSpawn(){
var i = 0.0
var j = 0.25
var crowdRaw : Bool = true
while crowdRaw {
if i <= 1 {
let crowd = SKSpriteNode(imageNamed: "player1")
crowd.name = "crowd"
//posiziono il civile
crowd.size=CGSize(width: 0.15, height: 0.15)
crowd.position = CGPoint(x: -frame.size.width / 3.6 + CGFloat(i)/2 * crowd.size.width , y: frame.size.height / 2 + (CGFloat(j)*2) * -crowd.size.height)
crowd.zPosition = 3
let animation = SKAction.animate(with: [textureB,textureA], timePerFrame:0.25)
crowd.run(SKAction.repeatForever(animation))
crowd.run(SKAction.moveBy(x: frame.size.width / 16.0 + CGFloat(i) * crowd.size.width, y: 0, duration: 0))
let infectedCollision = SKSpriteNode(color: UIColor.red,
size: CGSize(width: 1, height: 0.1))
infectedCollision.physicsBody = SKPhysicsBody(rectangleOf: infectedCollision.size)
infectedCollision.physicsBody?.categoryBitMask = CategoryMask.crowd_value.rawValue
//collisionBitMask : qui la linea della folla non può collidere con il civilian
infectedCollision.physicsBody?.collisionBitMask = CategoryMask.civilian_value.rawValue
infectedCollision.physicsBody?.contactTestBitMask = CategoryMask.civilian_value.rawValue
infectedCollision.physicsBody?.isDynamic = true
infectedCollision.name = "infectedCollision"
infectedCollision.position = crowd.position
addChild(crowd)
addChild(infectedCollision)
i += 0.25
} else {
j += 0.25
i = 0.0
}
if j == 1 {
crowdRaw = false
}
}
}
func didBegin(_ contact: SKPhysicsContact) {
if contact.bodyA.node?.position == contact.bodyB.node?.position {
let actionMoveDone = SKAction.removeFromParent()
civilian.run(SKAction.sequence([actionMoveDone]))
}
}
//func about the touches
func touchDown(atPoint pos : CGPoint) {
let action = SKAction.move(to: pos, duration: 1.0)
// playerSprite is a SpriteKit sprite node.
player.run(action)
}
//func about the touches
override func touchesBegan(_ touches: Set<UITouch>, with event: UIEvent?) {
switch gameState {
case .ready:
gameState = .playing
case .playing:
for t in touches {
let location = t.location(in: self)
player.position.x = location.x/2
for node in self.nodes(at: location){
if node.name == "civilian" {
let explode = SKAction.colorize(with: UIColor.systemBlue,colorBlendFactor: 5.0, duration: 2)
let vanish = SKAction.fadeOut(withDuration: 2.0)
node.run(explode , completion: {
node.run(vanish) {
node.removeFromParent()
}
})
}else if node.name == "pause" {
pauseGame()
}else if node.name == "resume" {
self.scene?.isPaused = false
}
}
}
case .dead:
print("dead")
}
}
//function to have different backgrounds in scrolling (3 backgrounds in a loop)
func moveBackground(image: [String], x: CGFloat, z:CGFloat, duration: Double, size: CGSize) {
for i in 0...3 {
let background = SKSpriteNode(imageNamed: image[i])
background.position = CGPoint(x: x, y: size.height * CGFloat(i))
background.size = size
background.zPosition = z
let move = SKAction.moveBy(x: 0, y: -background.size.height*3, duration: 0)
let back = SKAction.moveBy(x: 0, y: background.size.height*3, duration: duration)
let sequence = SKAction.sequence([move,back])
let repeatAction = SKAction.repeatForever(sequence)
addChild(background)
background.run(repeatAction)
}
}
}
Ok, it was fun to recall how all this SpriteKit stuff works :D
First problem you have is node/sprite creation. The solution could be some kind of Factory pattern with more or less abstraction. GameScene doesn't have to know how nodes are initialized/configured. Scene could know only which type of nodes exist, and thats enough to get them ready for use.
//MARK: - Factory
protocol AbstractFactory {
func getNode()-> SKNode
func getNodeConfig()->SpriteConfig
}
class CivilianFactory : AbstractFactory {
// Local Constants
private struct K {
static let size = CGSize(width: 32, height: 32)
static let name = "civilian"
static let color = UIColor.yellow
}
// Here we get Civilian sprite config
func getNodeConfig() -> SpriteConfig {
let physics = SpritePhysicsConfig(categoryMask: Collider.civilian, contactMask: Collider.player | Collider.wall, collisionMask: Collider.none)
return SpriteConfig(name: K.name, size: K.size, color: K.color, physics: physics)
}
func getNode() -> SKNode {
let config = getNodeConfig()
let sprite = SKSpriteNode(color: config.color, size: config.size)
sprite.color = config.color
sprite.name = config.name
sprite.zPosition = 1
if let physics = config.physics {
sprite.physicsBody = SKPhysicsBody(rectangleOf: config.size)
sprite.physicsBody?.isDynamic = physics.isDynamic
sprite.physicsBody?.affectedByGravity = physics.isAffectedByGravity
sprite.physicsBody?.categoryBitMask = physics.categoryMask
sprite.physicsBody?.contactTestBitMask = physics.contactMask
sprite.physicsBody?.collisionBitMask = physics.collisionMask
}
}
return sprite
}
}
Same as this, You will make other "factories" as needed (just copy the factory and change visual/physics data setup). For this example I will make PlayerFactory.
and with next method I will create my nodes:
private func getNode(factory:AbstractFactory)->SKNode{
return factory.getNode()
}
and then just use it like this:
let node = getNode(factory: self.civiliansFactory) // or self.whateverFactory
Here you just provide a factory you want (can be anything that conforms to AbstractFactory), and in return, You get a desired node (You can return here anything that is SKNode). This way, we have hid initialization process, dependencies etc. from outside world (GameScene), and put everything in one place.
So, quite flexible, plus removes a bunch of repeating code from your scene.
And here are config structs for sprites creation:
//MARK: - Sprite Config
struct SpriteConfig {
let name:String
let size:CGSize
let color:UIColor
let physics:SpritePhysicsConfig? // lets make this optional
}
struct SpritePhysicsConfig {
let categoryMask: UInt32
let contactMask: UInt32
let collisionMask:UInt32
let isDynamic:Bool
let isAffectedByGravity:Bool
init(categoryMask:UInt32, contactMask:UInt32, collisionMask:UInt32, isDynamic:Bool = true, isAffectedByGravity:Bool = false){
self.categoryMask = categoryMask
self.contactMask = contactMask
self.collisionMask = collisionMask
self.isDynamic = isDynamic
self.isAffectedByGravity = isAffectedByGravity
}
}
Now some useful extensions that I needed:
//MARK: - Extensions
//Extension borrowed from here : https://stackoverflow.com/a/37760551
extension CGRect {
func randomPoint(x:CGFloat? = nil, y:CGFloat? = nil) -> CGPoint {
let origin = self.origin
return CGPoint(x: x == nil ? CGFloat(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(self.width))) + origin.x : x!,
y: y == nil ? CGFloat(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(self.height))) + origin.y : y!)
}
}
//Extension borrowed from here: https://stackoverflow.com/a/33292919
extension CGPoint {
func distance(point: CGPoint) -> CGFloat {
return abs(CGFloat(hypotf(Float(point.x - x), Float(point.y - y))))
}
}
And the GameScene:
//MARK: - Game Scene
class GameScene: SKScene {
//MARK: - Local Constants
// It's always good to have some kind of local constants per file, so that you have all variables in one place when it comes to changing/tuning
private struct K {
struct Actions {
static let civilianSpawningKey = "civilian.spawning"
static let playerMovingKey = "player.moving"
static let spawningDuration:TimeInterval = 0.7
static let spawningRange = 0.2
static let fadeOutDuration:TimeInterval = 0.35
}
struct General {
static let playerSpeed:CGFloat = 350
}
}
//MARK: - Private Properties
private var player:SKSpriteNode?
// Just in case, nodes are removed after physics simulation is done (in didSimulatePhysics which is called in each frame)
// Frame-Cycle Events : https://developer.apple.com/documentation/spritekit/skscene/responding_to_frame-cycle_events
private var trash:[SKNode] = []
private let civilianFactory = CivilianFactory()
private let playerFactory = PlayerFactory()
//MARK: - Scene lifecycle
override func sceneDidLoad() {
physicsWorld.contactDelegate = self
spawnCivilians()
}
//MARK: - Creating & Spawning sprites
private func getNode(factory:AbstractFactory)->SKNode{
return factory.getNode()
}
private func spawnCivilian(at position: CGPoint){
let node = getNode(factory: civilianFactory)
node.position = position
addChild(node)
}
private func spawnPlayer(at position: CGPoint){
// If its a first time, create player and leave it there
guard let `player` = player else {
let node = getNode(factory: playerFactory)
node.position = position
self.player = (node as? SKSpriteNode)
addChild(node)
return
}
// If player exists, move it around
let distance = player.position.distance(point: position)
let speed = K.General.playerSpeed
// To maintain same moving speed, cause if we use constant here, sprite would move faster or slower based on a given distance
let duration = distance / speed
let move = SKAction.move(to: position, duration:duration)
// This is a good way to check if some action is running
if player.action(forKey: K.Actions.playerMovingKey) != nil {
player.removeAction(forKey: K.Actions.playerMovingKey)
}
player.run(move, withKey: K.Actions.playerMovingKey)
}
private func spawnCivilians(){
let wait = SKAction .wait(forDuration: K.Actions.spawningDuration, withRange: K.Actions.spawningRange)
let spawn = SKAction.run({[weak self] in
guard let `self` = self else {return}
self.spawnCivilian(at: self.frame.randomPoint())
})
let spawning = SKAction.sequence([wait,spawn])
self.run(SKAction.repeatForever(spawning), withKey:K.Actions.civilianSpawningKey)
}
//MARK: - Touches Handling
func touchDown(atPoint pos : CGPoint) {
spawnPlayer(at: pos)
}
override func touchesBegan(_ touches: Set<UITouch>, with event: UIEvent?) {
for t in touches { self.touchDown(atPoint: t.location(in: self)) }
}
}
So I pretty much commented everything. Here, you :
Start spawning civilians infinitely, immediately after the scene is loaded
On touch you add player to the scene
On every next touch player travels to the touch location (by the same speed)
And contacts:
//MARK: - Physics
struct Collider{
static let player : UInt32 = 0x1 << 0
static let civilian : UInt32 = 0x1 << 1
static let wall : UInt32 = 0x1 << 2
static let none : UInt32 = 0x0
}
extension GameScene: SKPhysicsContactDelegate{
//MARK: - Removing Sprites
override func didSimulatePhysics() {
for node in trash {
// first remove node from parent (with fadeOut)
node.run(SKAction.sequence([SKAction.fadeOut(withDuration: K.Actions.fadeOutDuration), SKAction.removeFromParent()]))
}
trash.removeAll() // then empty the trash
}
//MARK: Removing
func didBegin(_ contact: SKPhysicsContact) {
guard let nodeA = contact.bodyA.node, let nodeB = contact.bodyB.node else {
//Silliness like removing a node from a node tree before physics simulation is done will trigger this error
fatalError("Physics body without its node detected!")
}
let mask = contact.bodyA.categoryBitMask | contact.bodyB.categoryBitMask
switch mask {
// Contact between player and civilian detected
case Collider.player | Collider.civilian:
if let civilian = (contact.bodyA.categoryBitMask == Collider.civilian ? nodeA : nodeB) as? SKSpriteNode
{
trash.append(civilian)
}
default:
break
}
}
}
I guess those contacts and node removal were your problem. The point is that nodes that have physics body, are safer to remove from a node tree when didSimulatePhysics method is finished. There is a link in comments that explains what happens each frame, but the bottom point is, that physics engine retains physics body cause simulation is not finished, but the node is removed and that often end up in some unexpected results.
So to try how this work, you just copy / paste it in your GameScene. Here is how it looks:
You can see how nodes are really removed by observing nodes count label. (to enable these labels, you just go (in your view controller class) with (self.view as? SKView)?.showsNodeCount = true, showsFPS, showsPhysics etc).
I'm making my own Mario Bros. replica for the first level to learn how to make games with iOS, with my own assets. So far I've managed to place three SKSpriteNodes for the controls (left, right, up), and my player node can move in those three directions, but if I make my player jump while running in either direction, as soon as I remove my finger from the "left control", the player loses all its momentum and falls right there (as if it hit a wall) instead of following the parabola.
I don't know what might be needed in this case to be an MRE, so this is basically the whole thing that can reproduce the issue, along with some attempts I've made to make it work.
Basically I tried to apply an impulse / set the velocity / change the position directly and this last one was the one with better results (yet it still makes the player node to fall as soon as I remove the finger from the direction controls).
Here's a video demonstrating the issue.
This is the GameScene
import SpriteKit
import GameplayKit
class GameScene: SKScene {
private var player = SKSpriteNode()
private var bg = SKSpriteNode()
private var leftArrow = SKSpriteNode()
private var rightArrow = SKSpriteNode()
private var upArrow = SKSpriteNode()
private var floor = [SKSpriteNode]()
private var isLeftTouched = false
private var isRightTouched = false
private var selectedNodes: [UITouch:SKSpriteNode] = [:]
override func didMove(to view: SKView) {
addBackground()
addFloor()
addPlayer(xOffset: 0, yOffset: 0)
addControls()
}
override func touchesBegan(_ touches: Set<UITouch>, with event: UIEvent?) {
//player.physicsBody?.applyImpulse(CGVector(dx: 0, dy: 50))
let touch = touches.first! as UITouch
let positionInScene = touch.location(in: self)
let touchedNode = self.atPoint(positionInScene)
for touch in touches {
let location = touch.location(in:self)
if let node = self.atPoint(location) as? SKSpriteNode {
if let name = touchedNode.name {
selectedNodes[touch] = node
if name == "up" {
player.physicsBody?.applyImpulse(CGVector(dx: 0, dy: 60))
} else if name == "left" {
isLeftTouched = true
} else if name == "right" {
isRightTouched = true
}
}
}
}
if let name = touchedNode.name {
if name == "up" {
player.physicsBody?.applyImpulse(CGVector(dx: 0, dy: 60))
} else if name == "left" {
isLeftTouched = true
} else if name == "right" {
isRightTouched = true
}
}
}
override func touchesMoved(_ touches: Set<UITouch>, with event: UIEvent?) {
//let direction = ((touches.first?.location(in: self).x)! < (touches.first?.previousLocation(in: self).x)!) ? Direction.LEFT : Direction.RIGHT
//runIn(direction: direction)
}
override func touchesEnded(_ touches: Set<UITouch>, with event: UIEvent?) {
for touch in touches {
if selectedNodes[touch] != nil {
if selectedNodes[touch]?.name == "left" {
isLeftTouched = false
} else if selectedNodes[touch]?.name == "right" {
isRightTouched = false
}
selectedNodes[touch] = nil
}
}
}
override func update(_ currentTime: TimeInterval) {
// Called before each frame is rendered
if isLeftTouched {
runIn(direction: Direction.LEFT)
}
if isRightTouched {
runIn(direction: Direction.RIGHT)
}
}
// MARK: INTERACTION METHODS
func runIn(direction: Direction) {
let x = player.position.x + (direction == Direction.RIGHT ? 5 : -5)
let position = CGPoint(x: x, y: player.position.y)
if position.x >= self.frame.maxX || position.x <= self.frame.minX {
return
}
player.position = position
//player.physicsBody?.velocity = CGVector(dx: direction == Direction.RIGHT ? 50 : -50, dy: 0)
//player.physicsBody?.applyImpulse(CGVector(dx: direction == Direction.RIGHT ? 5 : -5 , dy: 0))
}
// MARK: UI METHODS
func addBackground() {
let bgTexture = SKTexture(imageNamed: "bg")
bg = SKSpriteNode(texture: bgTexture)
bg.position = CGPoint(x: self.frame.midX, y: self.frame.midY)
bg.size.height = self.frame.height
bg.zPosition = -10
self.addChild(bg)
}
func addPlayer(xOffset: CGFloat, yOffset: CGFloat) {
let playerTexture = SKTexture(imageNamed: "player")
player = SKSpriteNode(texture: playerTexture)
//let xPos = calculateXOffset(for: player, from: self.frame.midX, offset: xOffset)
//let yPos = calculateXOffset(for: player, from: self.frame.midY, offset: yOffset)
player.position = CGPoint(x: self.frame.midX,
y: self.frame.midY)
player.physicsBody = SKPhysicsBody(rectangleOf: CGSize(width: player.frame.width, height: player.frame.height))
player.physicsBody?.isDynamic = true
self.addChild(player)
}
func addFloor() {
let blockTexture = SKTexture(imageNamed: "block")
for i in 0 ... (Int) (self.frame.width / blockTexture.size().width) {
let blockNode = SKSpriteNode(texture: blockTexture)
blockNode.position = CGPoint(x: self.frame.minX + (blockNode.frame.width * CGFloat(i)),
y: self.frame.minY + blockNode.frame.height / 2)
blockNode.physicsBody = SKPhysicsBody(rectangleOf: CGSize(width: blockNode.frame.width, height: blockNode.frame.height))
blockNode.physicsBody?.isDynamic = false
floor.append(blockNode)
self.addChild(blockNode)
}
}
func addControls() {
addLeftArrow()
addRightArrow()
addUpArrow()
}
func addLeftArrow() {
let leftTexture = SKTexture(imageNamed: "left")
leftArrow = SKSpriteNode(texture: leftTexture)
leftArrow.name = "left"
leftArrow.position = CGPoint(x: calculateXOffset(for: leftArrow, from: self.frame.minX, offset: 50),
y: calculateXOffset(for: leftArrow, from: self.frame.minY, offset: 50))
self.addChild(leftArrow)
}
func addRightArrow() {
let rightTexture = SKTexture(imageNamed: "right")
rightArrow = SKSpriteNode(texture: rightTexture)
rightArrow.name = "right"
rightArrow.position = CGPoint(x: calculateXOffset(for: rightArrow, from: self.frame.minX, offset: 150),
y: calculateXOffset(for: rightArrow, from: self.frame.minY, offset: 50))
self.addChild(rightArrow)
}
func addUpArrow() {
let upTexture = SKTexture(imageNamed: "up")
upArrow = SKSpriteNode(texture: upTexture)
upArrow.name = "up"
upArrow.position = CGPoint(x: calculateXOffset(for: upArrow, from: self.frame.maxX, offset: -(125 + upTexture.size().width)),
y: calculateXOffset(for: upArrow, from: self.frame.minY, offset: 50))
self.addChild(upArrow)
}
// MARK: UTILITY FUNCTIONS
func calculateXOffset(for asset: SKSpriteNode, from coord: CGFloat, offset: CGFloat) -> CGFloat {
let width = asset.frame.width
return coord + offset + width;
}
func calculateYOffset(for asset: SKSpriteNode, from coord: CGFloat, offset: CGFloat) -> CGFloat {
let height = asset.frame.height
return coord + offset + height;
}
}
My Direction enum:
enum Direction {
case LEFT
case RIGHT
case UP
case DOWN
}
And the only change I made in GameViewController was this:
scene.scaleMode = .resizeFill
My GameScene.sks is 926 x 428, only supporting landscape. I also set the LaunchScreen to Main due to a bug in Xcode 12: Background is not filling the whole view SpriteKit
And these are all my assets:
Edit
I tried applying an impulse in my runIn method like this:
player.physicsBody?.applyImpulse(CGVector(dx: direction == Direction.RIGHT ? 2 : -2 , dy: 0))
This makes the player node move in the parabola but now from time to time it gets stuck and the only way to make it move is to make it jump until it happens again.
Here's a video demonstrating the issue again.
If I try to set the velocity instead, then I'm not able to jump while moving and it seems to glide when jumping and moving after.
I ended up following #JohnL suggestion in the comments above, to use an impulse as well to move my player node:
player.physicsBody?.applyImpulse(CGVector(dx: direction == Direction.RIGHT ? 2 : -2 , dy: 0))
The issue where the player node was stuck while moving was removed when changing the floor for a single asset rather than multiple blocks one next to each other.
I am trying to implement a multi-row sequence of items (like Video editing sequence in Final Cut Pro or Adobe Premiere pro shown below).
While I one can always implement it using UIScrollView and placing custom views manually, it would be tedious particularly in reordering items and animating changes and also zooming across the timeline using pinch gesture. Is it possible to implement it using UICollectionView using UICollectionViewCompositionalLayout and UICollectionViewDiffableDataSource? From WWDC videos, it seems almost everything is possible using compositional layout but it isn't clear if it is possible to implement a timeline using it. Maybe UICollectionView is not the right paradigm for this use case and one should use UIScrollView? Even if I use UIScrollView, managing things like dragging & reordering items, animating datasource changes, trimming items, zooming the content are going to be issues. Any pointers to existing code base that implements these features?
Here is my playground code as a partial answer for a simple empty iOS Playground file. It should give you a basic idea how to implement it using SpriteKit. I didn't add any animations and the scene so far has a fixed width and the "camera" is also fixed and doesn't allow zooming yet. But I wanted to give you something so you can decided if this is even the right solution for you.
import UIKit
import SpriteKit
import PlaygroundSupport
class MyViewController: UIViewController {
override func loadView() {
// Setting up a basic UIView as parent
let parentView = UIView()
parentView.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 600, height: 600)
parentView.backgroundColor = .black
// Defining the SKView
let tracksSKView = SKView(frame: parentView.frame)
tracksSKView.ignoresSiblingOrder = false
// Options to debug visually
// tracksSKView.showsNodeCount = true
// tracksSKView.showsPhysics = true
// tracksSKView.showsFields = true
// tracksSKView.showsLargeContentViewer = true
// Defining our subclassed SKScene
let scene = GameScene(size: tracksSKView.bounds.size)
// Presenting and adding views and sceens
tracksSKView.presentScene(scene)
parentView.addSubview(tracksSKView)
self.view = parentView
}
}
//MARK: - Custom SKScene
class GameScene: SKScene {
let trackSize = CGSize(width: 2048, height: 120)
let tracksCount = 4
// Hardcoded clips, use your data source and update when a clip has been moved in any way.
let clips: [Clip] = [
Clip(name: "SongA", track: 1, xPosition: 0, lengh: 245),
Clip(name: "SongB", track: 2, xPosition: 200, lengh: 166, color: .blue),
Clip(name: "SongC", track: 3, xPosition: 200, lengh: 256, color: .red)
]
var touchingClip = false
var touchedClip = SKNode()
// Bacically like loadView or viewDidLoad
override func didMove(to view: SKView) {
physicsWorld.contactDelegate = self
self.size = CGSize(width: 1024, height: 768)
self.name = "scene"
addTracks(amount: tracksCount)
addClips(clips: clips)
}
// Adding x amount of tracks.
func addTracks(amount: Int) {
for n in 0..<amount {
let trackNode = SKSpriteNode(color: n%2 == 0 ? .systemGray : .systemGray2, size: trackSize)
// Setting up physical propeties of the border of the track
trackNode.physicsBody = SKPhysicsBody(edgeLoopFrom: trackNode.frame)
trackNode.physicsBody?.restitution = 0.2
trackNode.physicsBody?.allowsRotation = false
trackNode.physicsBody?.affectedByGravity = false
trackNode.physicsBody?.isDynamic = false
// Positioning the track
trackNode.zPosition = -1
trackNode.position.y = frame.minY + trackSize.height / 2 + CGFloat(n) * trackSize.height
addChild(trackNode)
}
}
// Adding the Clip objects stored in an array.
func addClips(clips: [Clip]) {
for clip in clips {
let clipNode = SKSpriteNode(color: clip.color, size: CGSize(width: clip.lengh, height: Int(trackSize.height) - 20))
clipNode.position.x = clip.xPosition + CGFloat(clip.lengh / 2)
clipNode.position.y = frame.minY + (trackSize.height * CGFloat(clip.track)) + 1
clipNode.zPosition = 1
clipNode.physicsBody = SKPhysicsBody(rectangleOf: clipNode.frame.size)
clipNode.physicsBody?.affectedByGravity = true
clipNode.physicsBody?.allowsRotation = false
clipNode.physicsBody?.restitution = 0.2
addChild(clipNode)
}
}
//MARK: - User interaction
override func touchesBegan(_ touches: Set<UITouch>, with event: UIEvent?) {
for touch in touches {
let location = touch.location(in: self)
// getting all nodes the user touched (visible and hidden below others.
let tappedNodes = nodes(at: location)
//getting the top node
if let node = tappedNodes.first {
touchedClip = node
touchingClip = true
}
}
}
override func touchesMoved(_ touches: Set<UITouch>, with event: UIEvent?) {
guard touchingClip else { return }
// Moving the clip (node) based on the movement of the touch. It's very basic and can look jittery. Using the animate methods would create better results.
for touch in touches {
let location = touch.location(in: self)
touchedClip.position = location
}
}
override func touchesEnded(_ touches: Set<UITouch>, with event: UIEvent?) {
touchingClip = false
}
}
//MARK: - Interaction in between object like collisions etc.
extension GameScene: SKPhysicsContactDelegate {
// handle different contact cases here
}
//MARK: - Clip object
struct Clip {
var name: String
var track: Int
var xPosition: CGFloat
var lengh: Int
var color: UIColor = .green
}
PlaygroundPage.current.liveView = MyViewController()
I've added a gesture recognizer for a long press to move the clips, while touch and pan is not resizing the clip. Here is the new code:
import UIKit
import SpriteKit
import PlaygroundSupport
PlaygroundPage.current.liveView = MyViewController()
class MyViewController: UIViewController {
override func loadView() {
// Setting up a basic UIView as parent
let parentView = UIView()
parentView.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 600, height: 600)
parentView.backgroundColor = .black
// Defining the SKView
let tracksSKView = SKView(frame: parentView.frame)
tracksSKView.ignoresSiblingOrder = false
// Options to debug visually
tracksSKView.showsNodeCount = true
tracksSKView.showsPhysics = true
tracksSKView.showsFields = true
tracksSKView.showsLargeContentViewer = true
// Defining our subclassed SKScene
let scene = GameScene(size: tracksSKView.bounds.size)
// Presenting and adding views and sceens
tracksSKView.presentScene(scene)
parentView.addSubview(tracksSKView)
self.view = parentView
}
}
//MARK: - Custom SKScene
class GameScene: SKScene {
let trackSize = CGSize(width: 2048, height: 120)
let tracksCount = 4
// Hardcoded clips, use your data source and update when a clip has been moved in any way.
let clips: [Clip] = [
Clip(name: "SongA", track: 1, xPosition: 0, lengh: 245),
Clip(name: "SongB", track: 2, xPosition: 200, lengh: 166, color: .blue),
Clip(name: "SongC", track: 3, xPosition: 200, lengh: 256, color: .red)
]
// Different interactions, I used a sepperate variable for each interaction instead of one to be able to add more later.
var touchingClip = false
var movingClip = false
var resizingClip = true
var touchedClip = SKNode()
var location = CGPoint()
// Bacically like loadView or viewDidLoad
override func didMove(to view: SKView) {
physicsWorld.contactDelegate = self
// Using the UI gesture recognizer in the case of a long press seemed easier than trying to figure out the gestures in the touches methods.
let longPressRecognizer = UILongPressGestureRecognizer(target: self, action: #selector(GameScene.longPress))
self.view!.addGestureRecognizer(longPressRecognizer)
// Adding tracks and clips
addTracks(amount: tracksCount)
addClips(clips: clips)
}
// Method that handles the long press
#objc func longPress(sender: UILongPressGestureRecognizer) {
if sender.state == .began || sender.state == .changed {
movingClip = true
resizingClip = false
} else {
movingClip = false
resizingClip = true
}
location = sender.location(in: self.view)
}
//MARK: - Setting up the tracks and clips
// Adding x amount of tracks.
func addTracks(amount: Int) {
for n in 0..<amount {
let trackNode = SKSpriteNode(color: n%2 == 0 ? .systemGray : .systemGray2, size: trackSize)
// Setting up physical propeties of the border of the track
trackNode.physicsBody = SKPhysicsBody(edgeLoopFrom: trackNode.frame)
trackNode.physicsBody?.restitution = 0.2
trackNode.physicsBody?.allowsRotation = false
trackNode.physicsBody?.affectedByGravity = false
trackNode.physicsBody?.isDynamic = false
// Positioning the track
trackNode.zPosition = -1
trackNode.position.y = frame.minY + trackSize.height / 2 + CGFloat(n) * trackSize.height
addChild(trackNode)
}
}
// Adding the Clip objects stored in an array.
func addClips(clips: [Clip]) {
for clip in clips {
let clipNode = SKSpriteNode(color: clip.color, size: CGSize(width: clip.lengh, height: Int(trackSize.height) - 20))
clipNode.name = clip.name
clipNode.position.x = clip.xPosition + CGFloat(clip.lengh / 2)
clipNode.position.y = frame.minY + (trackSize.height * CGFloat(clip.track)) + 1
clipNode.zPosition = 1
clipNode.physicsBody = SKPhysicsBody(rectangleOf: clipNode.frame.size)
clipNode.physicsBody?.affectedByGravity = true
clipNode.physicsBody?.allowsRotation = false
clipNode.physicsBody?.restitution = 0.2
clipNode.physicsBody?.isDynamic = true
addChild(clipNode)
}
}
//MARK: - User interaction
override func touchesBegan(_ touches: Set<UITouch>, with event: UIEvent?) {
guard touches.first != nil else { return }
for touch in touches {
let location = touch.location(in: self)
touchedClip = atPoint(location) as! SKSpriteNode
if clips.contains(where: { $0.name == touchedClip.name }) {
touchingClip = true
}
}
}
override func touchesMoved(_ touches: Set<UITouch>, with event: UIEvent?) {
guard touchingClip else { return }
for touch in touches {
if resizingClip {
let resizeValue = touch.location(in: touchedClip).x - touch.previousLocation(in: touchedClip).x
// Checking that we're only adding width to the clip or trimming no more then the remaining width.
if resizeValue > 0 || (resizeValue < 0 && abs(resizeValue) < touchedClip.frame.size.width) {
let action = SKAction.resize(byWidth: resizeValue, height: 0, duration: 0.0)
action.timingMode = .linear
touchedClip.run(action)
}
}
}
}
override func touchesEnded(_ touches: Set<UITouch>, with event: UIEvent?) {
touchingClip = false
resizingClip = true
movingClip = false
}
//MARK: - Scene update
// Runs as long as scene is active once per frame (target of 60 frames per second)
override func update(_ currentTime: TimeInterval) {
// The moving needs to be done in the update method, the touches methods are unresponsive while the gesture recognizer is active.
if movingClip && touchingClip {
let newLocation = convertPoint(fromView: location)
let action = SKAction.move(to: newLocation, duration: 0.1)
action.timingMode = .easeInEaseOut
touchedClip.run(action)
}
// The physics body does not change when the clip node is resized. I'm updating it here.
if resizingClip && touchingClip {
touchedClip.physicsBody = SKPhysicsBody(rectangleOf: touchedClip.frame.size)
touchedClip.physicsBody?.affectedByGravity = true
touchedClip.physicsBody?.allowsRotation = false
touchedClip.physicsBody?.restitution = 0.2
touchedClip.physicsBody?.isDynamic = true
}
}
}
//MARK: - Interaction in between object like collisions etc.
extension GameScene: SKPhysicsContactDelegate {
// handle different contact cases here
}
//MARK: - Clip object
struct Clip {
var name: String
var track: Int
var xPosition: CGFloat
var lengh: Int
var color: UIColor = .green
}
Sources:
www.udemy.com/course/dive-into-spritekit (Pretty good, but not great)
designcode.io (Not recommended)
stackoverflow.com/questions/30337608/detect-long-touch-in-sprite-kit
as well as more SO and Apple Dev :)
I'm new to spritekit so this looks like a silly question but I can't figure out. The player (shown in blue circle) can only go above lines and inside the square. I added a joystick, user can go up or down above left line. I want player to be limited to only line so when It comes the left edge, user should move joystick to right. How can I achieve it?
I tried to update player position in override func update(_ currentTime: TimeInterval) function like below to update enum position and check it everytime in move logic;
override func update(_ currentTime: TimeInterval) {
if((player?.position.x)!.rounded() <= self.barra.frame.minX.rounded()){
player?.playerPosition == .left
}
print(player?.position)
}
How I declare square;
let barra = SKShapeNode(rectOf: CGSize(width: 600, height: 300)) //Line
override func sceneDidLoad() {
player = self.childNode(withName: "player") as? Player
player?.physicsBody?.categoryBitMask = playerCategory
player?.physicsBody?.collisionBitMask = noCategory
player?.physicsBody?.contactTestBitMask = enemyCategory | itemCategory
player?.playerPosition = .left
barra.name = "bar"
barra.fillColor = SKColor.clear
barra.lineWidth = 3.0
barra.position = CGPoint(x: 0, y: 0)
self.addChild(barra)
player?.position = CGPoint(x: barra.frame.minX , y: barra.frame.minY)
}
How I move the player;
override func didMove(to view: SKView) {
/* Setup your scene here */
backgroundColor = UIColor.black
physicsBody = SKPhysicsBody(edgeLoopFrom: frame)
moveAnalogStick.position = CGPoint(x: moveAnalogStick.radius + 15, y: moveAnalogStick.radius + 15)
addChild(moveAnalogStick)
moveAnalogStick.stick.color = UIColor.white
//MARK: Handlers begin
moveAnalogStick.beginHandler = { [unowned self] in
guard let aN = self.player else {
return
}
//aN.run(SKAction.sequence([SKAction.scale(to: 0.5, duration: 0.5), SKAction.scale(to: 1, duration: 0.5)]))
}
moveAnalogStick.trackingHandler = { [unowned self] data in
guard let aN = self.player else {
return
}
if(self.player?.playerPosition == .left){
aN.position = CGPoint(x: aN.position.x, y: aN.position.y + (data.velocity.y * 0.12))
}
}
moveAnalogStick.stopHandler = { [unowned self] in
guard let aN = self.player else {
return
}
// aN.run(SKAction.sequence([SKAction.scale(to: 1.5, duration: 0.5), SKAction.scale(to: 1, duration: 0.5)]))
}
//MARK: Handlers end
let selfHeight = frame.height
let btnsOffset: CGFloat = 10
let btnsOffsetHalf = btnsOffset / 2
view.isMultipleTouchEnabled = true
}
Player class:
enum Position{
case left
case right
case up
case down
case inside
}
enum CanMove{
case upDown
case leftRight
case all
}
class Player: SKSpriteNode {
var playerSpeed: CGFloat = 0.0
var playerPosition: Position = .left //Default one
var canMove: CanMove = .upDown
func move(){
}
}
I am trying to using the option of tilting the screen to move my player. So i followed the instructions of Ray Wenderlich and his space invaders tutorial. I just can't seem to figure out why my player is not moving from left to right when tilting the screen.
Please have a look at it to help me out.
import SpriteKit
import CoreMotion
enum BodyType: UInt32 {
case player = 2
case enemy = 3
}
let motionManager = CMMotionManager()
class GameScene: SKScene, SKPhysicsContactDelegate {
let points = SKLabelNode(text: "0")
let gamePlayerSize = CGSize(width: 30, height: 16)
let gamePlayerName = "gameplayer"
override func didMove(to view: SKView) {
//SET UP FRAME
physicsBody = SKPhysicsBody(edgeLoopFrom: frame)
//SETTING UP Player
func setupPlayer() {
// 1
let player = makePlayer()
// 2
player.position = CGPoint(x: 240, y: 28)
addChild(player)
}
func makePlayer() -> SKNode {
let player = SKSpriteNode(imageNamed: "block")
player.name = gamePlayerName
// 1
player.physicsBody = SKPhysicsBody(rectangleOf: player.frame.size)
// 2
player.physicsBody!.isDynamic = true
// 3
player.physicsBody!.affectedByGravity = false
// 4
player.physicsBody!.mass = 0.02
return player
}
setupPlayer()
motionManager.startAccelerometerUpdates()
//score label
let points = SKLabelNode(text: "0")
points.position = CGPoint(x: 280, y: 510)
points.fontColor = UIColor.black
points.fontSize = 50
addChild(points)
// setting border around game
let borderBody = SKPhysicsBody(edgeLoopFrom: self.frame)
borderBody.friction = 0
self.physicsBody = borderBody
//ENEMY SETTINGS START
//repeat enemy spawning
run(SKAction.repeatForever(
SKAction.sequence([
SKAction.run(spawnEnemy),
SKAction.wait(forDuration: 1.0)])))
}
//Enemy settings
func random() -> CGFloat {
return CGFloat(Float(arc4random()) / 0xFFFFFFFF)
}
func random(min: CGFloat, max: CGFloat) -> CGFloat {
return random() * (max - min) + min
}
//spawn enemies
func spawnEnemy() {
// 2
let enemy = SKSpriteNode(imageNamed: "ball")
// 3
enemy.name = "enemy"
// 4
enemy.position = CGPoint(x: frame.size.width * random(min: 0, max: 1), y: frame.size.height + enemy.size.height/2)
// 5
addChild(enemy)
enemy.run(
SKAction.moveBy(x: 0.0 , y: -size.height - enemy.size.height,
duration: TimeInterval(random(min: 1, max: 2))))
//ENEMY SETTINGS END
func processUserMotion(forUpdate currentTime: CFTimeInterval) {
// 1
if let player = childNode(withName: gamePlayerName) as? SKSpriteNode {
// 2
if let data = motionManager.accelerometerData {
// 3
if fabs(data.acceleration.x) > 0.2 {
// 4 How do you move the ship?
player.physicsBody!.applyForce(CGVector(dx: 40 * CGFloat(data.acceleration.x), dy: 0))
}
}
}
}
func update(_ currentTime: TimeInterval) {
processUserMotion(forUpdate: currentTime)
}
} }
Have you nested your methods by accident? Looking at your code it seems so.
Did you check if the motion code is actually called?
Something like this should work
class GameScene: SKScene {
let motionManager = CMMotionManager()
override func didMove(to view: SKView) {
// setup player etc
motionManager.startAccelerometerUpdates()
}
func update(_ currentTime: TimeInterval) {
processUserMotion(forUpdate: currentTime)
}
}
Also as a tip, I would use optionals (?) when using your physics body instead of force unwrapping them (!). If it becomes nil at one point
you will crash when force unwrapping.
e.g
player.physicsBody?.affectedByGravity = false
Hope this helps