arduino uno + wifishield cannot connect bluemix using token - wifi

I have arduino uno + wifishield and if fails to connect to Bluemix. It gives this error:
"Closed connection from 194.228.11.222. The operation is not authorized."
Any idea why the connection gets kicked out? What operation is not authorized?
Thanks for any idea ;)
======
Here is the code:
#include <SPI.h>
#include <Ethernet.h>
#include <WiFi.h>
#include <WifiIPStack.h>
#include <IPStack.h>
#include <Countdown.h>
#include <MQTTClient.h>
#define MQTT_MAX_PACKET_SIZE 100
#define SIZE 100
#define MQTT_PORT 1883
#define PUBLISH_TOPIC "iot-2/evt/status/fmt/json"
#define SUBSCRIBE_TOPIC "iot-2/cmd/+/fmt/json"
#define USERID "use-token-auth"
#define CLIENT_ID "d:6735ra:hlinoponie:petasek"
#define MS_PROXY "6735ra.messaging.internetofthings.ibmcloud.com"
#define AUTHTOKEN “xxxxx”
byte mac[] = { 0x90, 0xA2, 0xDA, 0x0F, 0xD6, 0x8F };
WiFiClient c;
IPStack ipstack(c);
MQTT::Client<IPStack, Countdown, 100, 1> client = MQTT::Client<IPStack, Countdown, 100, 1>(ipstack);
String deviceEvent;
char ssid[] = “XXXXX”; // your network SSID (name)
char pass[] = “XXXXX”; // your network password
int status = WL_IDLE_STATUS; // the Wifi radio's status
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
while (!Serial) {
; // wait for serial port to connect. Needed for Leonardo only
}
if (WiFi.status() == WL_NO_SHIELD) {
Serial.println("WiFi shield not present");
// don't continue:
while (true);
}
String fv = WiFi.firmwareVersion();
if ( fv != "1.1.0" )
Serial.println("Please upgrade the firmware");
// attempt to connect to Wifi network:
while ( status != WL_CONNECTED) {
Serial.print("Attempting to connect to WPA SSID: ");
Serial.println(ssid);
// Connect to WPA/WPA2 network:
status = WiFi.begin(ssid, pass);
// wait 5 seconds for connection:
delay(5000);
}
// you're connected now, so print out the data:
Serial.print("Hooray!!! You're connected to the network\n");
}
void loop() {
float tep = mojeDHT.readTemperature();
float vlh = mojeDHT.readHumidity();
int rc = -1;
if (!client.isConnected()) {
Serial.println("Connecting to Watson IoT Foundation ...");
rc = ipstack.connect((char*)MS_PROXY, MQTT_PORT);
MQTTPacket_connectData data = MQTTPacket_connectData_initializer;
data.MQTTVersion = 3;
data.clientID.cstring = (char*)CLIENT_ID;
data.username.cstring = (char*)USERID;
data.password.cstring = (char*)AUTHTOKEN;
data.keepAliveInterval = 60;
rc = -1;
while ((rc = client.connect(data)) != 0) {
Serial.println("rc=");
Serial.println(rc);
delay(2000);
}
Serial.println("Connected successfully\n");
// Serial.println("Temperature(in C)\tDevice Event (JSON)");
Serial.println("____________________________________________________________________________");
}
Serial.println("\n");
MQTT::Message message;
message.qos = MQTT::QOS0;
message.retained = false;
deviceEvent = String("{\"d\":{\"myName\":\"Arduino Uno\",\"temperature\":");
char buffer[60];
// convert double to string
dtostrf(getTemp(),1,2, buffer);
deviceEvent += buffer;
deviceEvent += "}}";
Serial.print("\t");
Serial.print(buffer);
Serial.print("\t\t");
deviceEvent.toCharArray(buffer, 60);
Serial.println(buffer);
message.payload = buffer;
message.payloadlen = strlen(buffer);
rc = client.publish(PUBLISH_TOPIC, message);
if (rc != 0) {
Serial.print("return code from publish was ");
Serial.println(rc);
}
client.yield(5000);
}
/*
This function is reproduced as is from Arduino site => http://playground.arduino.cc/Main/InternalTemperatureSensor
*/
double getTemp(void) {
unsigned int wADC;
double t;
ADMUX = (_BV(REFS1) | _BV(REFS0) | _BV(MUX3));
ADCSRA |= _BV(ADEN); // enable the ADC
delay(20); // wait for voltages to become stable.
ADCSRA |= _BV(ADSC); // Start the ADC
// Detect end-of-conversion
while (bit_is_set(ADCSRA,ADSC));
// Reading register "ADCW" takes care of how to read ADCL and ADCH.
wADC = ADCW;
// The offset of 324.31 could be wrong. It is just an indication.
t = (wADC - 324.31 ) / 1.22;
// The returned temperature is in degrees Celcius.
return (t);
}

It might be the case your organizations is configured to block non-secure connections (since you are using port 1883). Check the step 5 on this recipe
https://developer.ibm.com/recipes/tutorials/connect-an-arduino-uno-device-to-the-ibm-internet-of-things-foundation/

I noticed this error in the log: The topic is not valid: Topic="lwt" ClientID="d:6735ra:hlinoponie:petasek" Reason="The topic does not match an allowed rule".
I didn't see that topic listed in your code, but you may want to check to see how that may be getting set as topic.

Related

Blue ESP8266-12e tx light staying on

I have some code I have been putting on an ESP8266-12e board. Until recently it always worked fine. Now though when I finish uploading the code the blue light on the ESP8266-12e is staying on. I have tried it on two different board and the blue light stay on on both. I can't figure out what I changed in the code.
I have decided to put it up and have everyone look at it and let me know what I may be missing.
I hope someone can find something.
My code:
//NodeMCU 1.0 (ESP-12E Module constant connect)
#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
#include <FS.h> //https://github.com/esp8266/Arduino
#include <EEPROM.h>
//needed for library
#include <DNSServer.h>
#include <ESP8266WebServer.h>
#include <WiFiManager.h> //https://github.com/tzapu/WiFiManager
#include "Adafruit_MQTT.h"
#include "Adafruit_MQTT_Client.h"
//MQTT stuff
#define AIO_SERVER "go,here"
#define AIO_SERVERPORT SSSS // 8883 for MQTTS
#define AIO_USERNAME "FFFFFF"
#define AIO_KEY "XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX"
int tripper = 1;
#define MQTT_CONN_KEEPALIVE 18000000
#define LED3 16
//NEW AUTOCONNECT
const byte numChars = 32;
char receivedChars[numChars];
char Password[36]="";
char apiKey[16]="";
char apiKey2[32]="";
char channelKey[16];
char channelKey2[16];
String channelKey21= "&";
byte pinState = LOW;
char ssid[] = "";
char pass[] = "";
String Label = "";
String TOTAL = "";
uint32_t m=0;
WiFiClient client;
Adafruit_MQTT_Client mqtt(&client, AIO_SERVER, AIO_SERVERPORT, AIO_USERNAME, AIO_KEY);
// Setup a feed called 'onoff' for subscribing to changes.
Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe trip2 = Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe(&mqtt, AIO_USERNAME "/feeds/trip");
Adafruit_MQTT_Publish move1 = Adafruit_MQTT_Publish(&mqtt, AIO_USERNAME "/feeds/motion");
/*************************** Error Reporting *********************************/
Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe errors = Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe(&mqtt, AIO_USERNAME "/errors");
Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe throttle = Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe(&mqtt, AIO_USERNAME "/throttle");
//NEW AUTOCONNECT
int LED2 = 13;
int MOVEMENT = 5;
//send ssid/pass
String f;
//mqtt
char temperature[]="000";
String level;
String battery;
String trip;
String date;
int addr = 0;
//END NEW AUTOCONNECT
void MQTT_connect();
void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200);
pinMode(MOVEMENT,OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(MOVEMENT,LOW);
pinMode(D5,OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(D5,LOW);
pinMode(LED3,OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(LED3,LOW);
pinMode(LED2,INPUT);
Serial.println(F("Adafruit MQTT demo"));
//NEW AUTOCONNECT
WiFiManager wifiManager;
// put your setup code here, to run once:
WiFiManagerParameter customAPIKey("apiKey", "Time Zone #", apiKey, 16);
wifiManager.addParameter(&customAPIKey);
wifiManager.autoConnect("FloWT2");
Serial.println("Connected");
strcpy(apiKey,customAPIKey.getValue());
EEPROM.begin(512); //Initialize EEPROM
EEPROM.write(addr, 'A'); //Write character A
addr++; //Increment address
EEPROM.write(addr, 'B'); //Write character A
String www = apiKey;
Serial.print("www");
Serial.print (www);
for(int i=0;i<www.length();i++) //loop upto string lenght www.length() returns length of string
{
EEPROM.write(0x0F+i,www[i]); //Write one by one with starting address of 0x0F
}
EEPROM.commit();
delay (2000);
if (WiFi.status() == WL_DISCONNECTED) {
wifiManager.autoConnect("FloWT2");
delay(60000);}
if (WiFi.status() == WL_CONNECTED) { Serial.println("Connected");
delay(1000);
//get time zone
EEPROM.begin(512);
Serial.println(""); //Goto next line, as ESP sends some garbage when you reset it
Serial.print(char(EEPROM.read(addr))); //Read from address 0x00
addr++; //Increment address
Serial.print(char(EEPROM.read(addr))); //Read from address 0x01
addr++; //Increment address
Serial.println(char(EEPROM.read(addr))); //Read from address 0x02
//Read string from eeprom
String www;
//Here we dont know how many bytes to read it is better practice to use some terminating character
//Lets do it manually www.circuits4you.com total length is 20 characters
for(int i=0;i<16;i++)
{
www = www + char(EEPROM.read(0x0F+i)); //Read one by one with starting address of 0x0F
}
Serial.println("this");
Serial.print(www);
Serial.println("IP address: "); Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
// Setup MQTT subscription for onoff feed
mqtt.subscribe(&trip2);
// Setup MQTT subscriptions for throttle & error messages
mqtt.subscribe(&throttle);
mqtt.subscribe(&errors);
WiFiClient client;
delay(2000);
Serial.printf("SSID: %s\n", WiFi.SSID().c_str());
Serial.printf("SSID: %s\n", WiFi.psk().c_str());
String ssidString = WiFi.SSID().c_str();
String pskString = WiFi.psk().c_str();
f = String('<')+String("Hi")+String(',')+String(ssidString)+String(',')+String(pskString)+String(',')+String(www)+String('>');
delay (1000);
Serial.print(f);
delay(500);
Serial.print(f);
delay(500);
Serial.print(f);
delay(500);
Serial.print(f);
delay(500);
Serial.print(f);
delay(500);
}
client.stop();
}
void loop() {
MQTT_connect();
uint32_t m=0;
Serial.print(F("\nSending motion val "));
Serial.print(m);
Serial.print("...");
if (! move1.publish(m)) {
Serial.println(F("Failed"));
} else {
Serial.println(F("OK!"));
}
long state = digitalRead(LED2);
if(state == HIGH) {
m = 1;
Serial.print(F("\nSending motion val "));
Serial.print(m);
Serial.print("...");
digitalWrite(MOVEMENT,HIGH);
delay(1000);
digitalWrite(MOVEMENT,LOW);
if (! move1.publish(m)) {
Serial.println(F("Failed"));
} else {
Serial.println(F("OK!"));
}
}
else{
}
// this is our 'wait for incoming subscription packets' busy subloop
// try to spend your time here
//12e
Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe *subscription;
while ((subscription = mqtt.readSubscription(5000))) {
if (subscription == &trip2) {
Serial.print(F("Got onoff: "));
Serial.println((char *)trip2.lastread);
uint16_t sliderval = atoi((char *)trip2.lastread);
//THIS IS FOR LATCHING RELAY TURN ON D5 HIGH THEN OFF AFTER 1 SECOND
//NEXt TURN D6 HIGH THEN OFF AFTER A SECONDS
if((sliderval ==0)&&(tripper == 1)){
digitalWrite(D5,HIGH);
delay(1000);
digitalWrite(D5,LOW);
tripper = 2;
Serial.print(tripper);
Serial.print("tripped");
}
else if(sliderval == 50){
}
else if((sliderval == 100)&&(tripper == 2)){
digitalWrite(LED3,HIGH);
delay(1000);
digitalWrite(LED3,LOW);
tripper = 1;
Serial.print(tripper);
Serial.print("tripped2");
}
} else if(subscription == &errors) {
Serial.print(F("ERROR: "));
Serial.println((char *)errors.lastread);
} else if(subscription == &throttle) {
Serial.println((char *)throttle.lastread);
}
}
}
void MQTT_connect() {
int8_t ret;
// Stop if already connected.
if (mqtt.connected()) {
return;
}
Serial.print("Connecting to MQTT... ");
uint8_t retries = 3;
while ((ret = mqtt.connect()) != 0) { // connect will return 0 for connected
Serial.println(mqtt.connectErrorString(ret));
Serial.println("Retrying MQTT connection in 5 seconds...");
mqtt.disconnect();
delay(5000); // wait 5 seconds
retries--;
if (retries == 0) {
// basically die and wait for WDT to reset me
while (1);
}
}
Serial.println("MQTT Connected!");
}
I hope it is not toooo long.
Anyway I hope someone can find my problem. Everything works ok with the blue light on it is just know supposed to be that I can tell.
When I upload another code it doesn't stay on so it has to be in the code.
I will keep looking.
THANKS
So I got the blue light to go off. Instead of pinMode(D4,INPUT); and digitalWrite(D4,LOW); D4 is pin 16 which is the wake pin. So I had to define it thus #define LED3 16 and then pinMode(LED3,INPUT); and digitalWrite(LED3,LOW); I will change my original code to reflect these changes.

How to send a chunk of data using shlib(nghttp2) in esp32?

I want to use HTTP2 to POST data continuously. As I found, the only feasible solution is to use shlib. I can implement it and use it. But there were two problems that I faced:
1- shlib does not let us send a data bigger than 16KB theoretically. Here, the solution that I found was to feed the buffer couple of times without calling NGHTTP2_DATA_FLAG_EOF. But, the main problem is that we cannot return the size of the buffer which although is defined as int, but does not support lengths more than 16K.
2- The fault rate of sending data more than about 3 to 4K goes exponentially high as in these situations, just a few of packets are able to be sent correctly.
Any suggestion?
Thanks
I did all my bests to make sure that the resources don't interfere with each other. Here is my code:
#include <Arduino.h>
#include <WiFiClientSecure.h>
#include "esp_camera.h"
extern "C"
{
#include "sh2lib.h"
}
#if CONFIG_FREERTOS_UNICORE
#define ARDUINO_RUNNING_CORE 0
#else
#define ARDUINO_RUNNING_CORE 1
#endif
// CAMERA_MODEL_AI_THINKER
#define PWDN_GPIO_NUM 32
#define RESET_GPIO_NUM -1
#define XCLK_GPIO_NUM 0
#define SIOD_GPIO_NUM 26
#define SIOC_GPIO_NUM 27
#define Y9_GPIO_NUM 35
#define Y8_GPIO_NUM 34
#define Y7_GPIO_NUM 39
#define Y6_GPIO_NUM 36
#define Y5_GPIO_NUM 21
#define Y4_GPIO_NUM 19
#define Y3_GPIO_NUM 18
#define Y2_GPIO_NUM 5
#define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM 25
#define HREF_GPIO_NUM 23
#define PCLK_GPIO_NUM 22
const char* ssid = "NETWORK"; // your network SSID (name of wifi network)
const char* password = "PASSWORD"; // your network password
bool request_finished = false;
String head = "--JPEG_IMAGE\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"imageFile\"; filename=\"esp32-cam.jpg\"\r\nContent-Type: image/jpeg\r\n\r\n";
String tail = "\r\n--JPEG_IMAGE--\r\n";
char data_to_post[16000];
uint32_t totalLen;
camera_config_t config;
struct sh2lib_handle hd;
bool is_captured;
bool is_posted;
uint16_t safety_counter;
void setup()
{
// put your setup code here, to run once:
Serial.begin(115200);
delay(100);
Serial.print("Attempting to connect to SSID: ");
Serial.println(ssid);
WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
// attempt to connect to Wifi network:
while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED)
{
Serial.print(".");
// wait 1 second for re-trying
delay(1000);
}
Serial.print("\n");
Serial.print(F("Connected to: "));
Serial.println(ssid);
// Etablishing Connection
Serial.println(F("Establishing Connection... "));
if (sh2lib_connect(&hd, "My_Server") != ESP_OK)
{
Serial.println("Error connecting to HTTP2 server");
//vTaskDelete(NULL);
}
Serial.println(F("Connected to the webserver"));
delay(1000);
// Configuring the Cam
config.ledc_channel = LEDC_CHANNEL_0;
config.ledc_timer = LEDC_TIMER_0;
config.pin_d0 = Y2_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_d1 = Y3_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_d2 = Y4_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_d3 = Y5_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_d4 = Y6_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_d5 = Y7_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_d6 = Y8_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_d7 = Y9_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_xclk = XCLK_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_pclk = PCLK_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_vsync = VSYNC_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_href = HREF_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_sscb_sda = SIOD_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_sscb_scl = SIOC_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_pwdn = PWDN_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_reset = RESET_GPIO_NUM;
config.xclk_freq_hz = 20000000;
config.pixel_format = PIXFORMAT_JPEG;
// init with high specs to pre-allocate larger buffers
if(psramFound())
{
config.frame_size = FRAMESIZE_VGA;// FRAMESIZE_QVGA
config.jpeg_quality = 10; //0-63 lower number means higher quality
config.fb_count = 2;
}
else
{
config.frame_size = FRAMESIZE_CIF;
config.jpeg_quality = 12; //0-63 lower number means higher quality
config.fb_count = 1;
}
esp_err_t err = esp_camera_init(&config);
if (err != ESP_OK)
{
Serial.printf("Camera init failed with error 0x%x", err);
delay(1000);
ESP.restart();
}
// This task handles the POST requests
xTaskCreatePinnedToCore(
task_http2
, "http2_task"
, (1024 * 24) // Stack size
, NULL
, 3 // Priority
, NULL
, ARDUINO_RUNNING_CORE);
Serial.println(F("Task Called"));
}
void loop()
{
// To prohibit the interference between resources, I used main loop to capture the Images
// Check if the posting has been finished
if (is_posted)
{
Serial.println(F("Call to Capture"));
camera_fb_t * fb = NULL;
fb = esp_camera_fb_get();
if(!fb)
{
Serial.println("Camera capture failed");
delay(1000);
ESP.restart();
}
// to check if the size is not bigger than 16K
uint32_t imageLen = fb->len;
if(imageLen<16000)
{
// Creating the body of the post
uint32_t extraLen = tail.length()+head.length();
totalLen = extraLen + imageLen;
uint8_t *fbBuf = fb->buf;
const char* head_char = head.c_str();
const char* tail_char = tail.c_str();
uint32_t totalLen_copy = totalLen;
char alpha[totalLen];
std::copy(head_char,head_char+head.length(), data_to_post);
std::copy(fbBuf,fbBuf+imageLen , data_to_post+head.length());
std::copy(tail_char,tail_char+ tail.length(), data_to_post+head.length()+imageLen);
esp_camera_fb_return(fb);
Serial.println(F("Camera captured"));
delay(100);
safety_counter++;
// Stopping capturing until posting is finished
is_captured = true;
is_posted = false;
}
}
delay(100);
}
int handle_get_response(struct sh2lib_handle *handle, const char *data, size_t len, int flags)
{
if (len > 0)
{
Serial.printf("%.*s\n", len, data);
}
if (flags == DATA_RECV_RST_STREAM)
{
Serial.println("STREAM CLOSED");
}
return 0;
}
int handle_post_response(struct sh2lib_handle *handle, const char *data, size_t len, int flags)
{
if (len > 0) {
Serial.printf("%.*s\n", len, data);
// decreasing the counter to prevent fault loop
safety_counter--;
}
//Serial.print(F("Safety_Counter in Response: ")); Serial.println(safety_counter);
if (flags == DATA_RECV_RST_STREAM) {
request_finished = true;
Serial.println("STREAM CLOSED");
}
return 0;
}
int send_post_data(struct sh2lib_handle *handle, char *buf, size_t length, uint32_t *data_flags)
{
// To check the body of the post
/*
Serial.println("Post Buffer");
for(int i;i<totalLen;i++)
Serial.print(data_to_post[i]);
Serial.println("Post Buffer End");
*/
if (totalLen < length)
{
memcpy(buf, data_to_post, totalLen);
}
else
{
Serial.println("Cannot write to buffer");
//copylen = 0;
}
(*data_flags) |= NGHTTP2_DATA_FLAG_EOF;
return totalLen;
}
void task_http2(void *args)
{
Serial.println(F("Task Runs"));
// Start capturing
is_posted = true;
int counter = 0;
for(;;)
{
// if capturing finished:
if(is_captured)
{
// after each five unsuccessful posts, reestablish the connection
Serial.print(F("Safety_Counter is: ")); Serial.println(safety_counter);
if(safety_counter>5)
{
is_posted = false;
vTaskDelay(100);
counter = 0;
safety_counter = 0;
sh2lib_free(&hd);
vTaskDelay(100);
Serial.println(F("Safety Counter Occured ... "));
if (sh2lib_connect(&hd, "My_Server") != ESP_OK)
{
Serial.println("Error connecting to HTTP2 server");
//vTaskDelete(NULL);
}
Serial.println(F("Connected to the webserver"));
vTaskDelay(1000);
// Preparing capturing again
is_posted = true;
is_captured = false;
continue;
}
char len[20];
sprintf(len, "%d",totalLen); //length_of_body);
Serial.print("the length is: ");
Serial.println(len);
const nghttp2_nv nva[] = { SH2LIB_MAKE_NV(":method", "POST"),
SH2LIB_MAKE_NV(":scheme", "https"),
SH2LIB_MAKE_NV(":authority", hd.hostname),
SH2LIB_MAKE_NV(":path", "/mvp/upload_image"),
SH2LIB_MAKE_NV("Content-Length", len),
SH2LIB_MAKE_NV("Content-Type", "multipart/form-data; boundary=JPEG_IMAGE")
};
sh2lib_do_putpost_with_nv(&hd, nva, sizeof(nva) / sizeof(nva[0]), send_post_data, handle_post_response);
while (1)
{
if (sh2lib_execute(&hd) != ESP_OK)
{
Serial.println("Error in execute");
break;
}
if (request_finished)
{
// a general counter to reestablish the connection
counter++;
break;
}
//vTaskDelay(1000);
}
}
// General counter
if(counter>30)
{
counter = 0;
sh2lib_free(&hd);
vTaskDelay(100);
Serial.println(F("Establishing Connection... "));
if (sh2lib_connect(&hd, "My_Server") != ESP_OK)
{
Serial.println("Error connecting to HTTP2 server");
//vTaskDelete(NULL);
}
Serial.println(F("Connected to the webserver"));
}
is_captured = false;
is_posted = true;
Serial.println("Sending finished");
vTaskDelay(1000);
}
}

Publish/Subscribe simultaneously using MQTT

I'm trying to make a code that can subscribe and publish operations simultaneously. I have this code below that I think should perform the functions simultaneously but it doesn't seem to be working:
#include <Adafruit_MQTT.h>
#include <Adafruit_MQTT_Client.h>
#include <Adafruit_MQTT_FONA.h>
//#include <stackThunk.h>
#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
#include "Adafruit_MQTT.h"
#include "Adafruit_MQTT_Client.h"
#include "DHT.h"
#define DHTPIN 13
#define DHTTYPE DHT11
#define Relay1 4
#define Relay2 0
#define Relay3 2
#define Relay4 14
//#define WLAN_SSID "((DREAMNET03132490047))" // Your SSID
//#define WLAN_PASS "multan69"
DHT dht(DHTPIN, DHTTYPE);
char str_hum[16];
char str_temp[16];
#define WLAN_SSID "Connect(ow)03002618017" // Your SSID
#define WLAN_PASS "XXXXXXX" // Your password
/************************* Adafruit.io Setup *********************************/
#define AIO_SERVER "io.adafruit.com"
#define AIO_SERVERPORT 1883 // use 8883 for SSL
#define AIO_USERNAME "XXXXXXXXXXXXXX" // Replace it with your username
#define AIO_KEY "XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX" // Replace with your Project Auth Key
/************ Global State (you don't need to change this!) ******************/
// Create an ESP8266 WiFiClient class to connect to the MQTT server.
WiFiClient client;
// or... use WiFiFlientSecure for SSL
//WiFiClientSecure client;
// Setup the MQTT client class by passing in the WiFi client and MQTT server and login details.
Adafruit_MQTT_Client mqtt(&client, AIO_SERVER, AIO_SERVERPORT, AIO_USERNAME, AIO_KEY);
/****************************** Feeds ***************************************/
// Setup a feed called 'onoff' for subscribing to changes.
Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe Light1 = Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe(&mqtt, AIO_USERNAME"/feeds/Relay1"); // FeedName
Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe Light2 = Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe(&mqtt, AIO_USERNAME "/feeds/Relay2");
Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe Light3 = Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe(&mqtt, AIO_USERNAME "/feeds/Relay3");
Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe Light4 = Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe(&mqtt, AIO_USERNAME "/feeds/Relay4");
Adafruit_MQTT_Publish temp = Adafruit_MQTT_Publish(&mqtt, AIO_USERNAME "/feeds/Temperature");
Adafruit_MQTT_Publish hum = Adafruit_MQTT_Publish(&mqtt, AIO_USERNAME "/feeds/Humidity");
void MQTT_connect();
void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200);
delay(10);
dht.begin();
pinMode(Relay1, OUTPUT);
pinMode(Relay2, OUTPUT);
pinMode(Relay3, OUTPUT);
pinMode(Relay4, OUTPUT);
// Connect to WiFi access point.
Serial.println(); Serial.println();
Serial.print("Connecting to ");
Serial.println(WLAN_SSID);
WiFi.begin(WLAN_SSID, WLAN_PASS);
while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
delay(500);
Serial.print(".");
}
Serial.println();
Serial.println("WiFi connected");
Serial.println("IP address: ");
Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
// Setup MQTT subscription for onoff feed.
mqtt.subscribe(&Light1);
mqtt.subscribe(&Light3);
mqtt.subscribe(&Light2);
mqtt.subscribe(&Light4);
}
void loop() {
MQTT_connect();
// Reading temperature or humidity takes about 250 milliseconds!
// Sensor readings may also be up to 2 seconds 'old' (its a very slow sensor)
float h = dht.readHumidity();
// Read temperature as Celsius (the default)
float t = dht.readTemperature();
// Read temperature as Fahrenheit (isFahrenheit = true)
float f = dht.readTemperature(true);
// Check if any reads failed and exit early (to try again).
if (isnan(h) || isnan(t) || isnan(f)) {
Serial.println("Failed to read from DHT sensor!");
return;
}
// Compute heat index in Fahrenheit (the default)
float hif = dht.computeHeatIndex(f, h);
// Compute heat index in Celsius (isFahreheit = false)
float hic = dht.computeHeatIndex(t, h, false);
Serial.print("Humidity: ");
Serial.print(h);
Serial.print(" %\t");
Serial.print("Temperature: ");
Serial.print(t);
Serial.print(" *C ");
Serial.print(f);
Serial.print(" *F\t");
Serial.print("Heat index: ");
Serial.print(hic);
Serial.print(" *C ");
Serial.print(hif);
Serial.println(" *F");
Serial.print("Temperature in Celsius:");
Serial.println(String(t).c_str());
Serial.print("Temperature in Fahrenheit:");
Serial.println(String(f).c_str());
Serial.print("Humidity:");
Serial.println(String(h).c_str());
//dtostrf(gps_latitude, 4, 2, str_temp);
//dtostrf(gps_longitude, 4, 2, str_hum);
// Now we can publish stuff!
Serial.print(F("\nSending Humidity value: "));
Serial.print(String(h).c_str());
Serial.print("...");
if (! hum.publish(String(h).c_str())) {
Serial.println(F("Failed"));
} else {
Serial.println(F("OK!"));
}
delay(1000);
Serial.print(F("\nSending Temperature value: "));
Serial.print(String(t).c_str());
Serial.print("...");
if (! temp.publish(String(t).c_str())) {
Serial.println(F("Failed"));
} else {
Serial.println(F("OK!"));
}
//temperature_work();
Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe *subscription;
while ((subscription = mqtt.readSubscription(20000))) {
if (subscription == &Light1) {
Serial.print(F("Got: "));
Serial.println((char *)Light1.lastread);
int Light1_State = atoi((char *)Light1.lastread);
digitalWrite(Relay1, Light1_State);
}
if (subscription == &Light2) {
Serial.print(F("Got: "));
Serial.println((char *)Light2.lastread);
int Light2_State = atoi((char *)Light2.lastread);
digitalWrite(Relay2, Light2_State);
}
if (subscription == &Light3) {
Serial.print(F("Got: "));
Serial.println((char *)Light3.lastread);
int Light3_State = atoi((char *)Light3.lastread);
digitalWrite(Relay3, Light3_State);
}
if (subscription == &Light4) {
Serial.print(F("Got: "));
Serial.println((char *)Light4.lastread);
int Light4_State = atoi((char *)Light4.lastread);
digitalWrite(Relay4, Light4_State);
}
}
}
void MQTT_connect() {
int8_t ret;
// Stop if already connected.
if (mqtt.connected()) {
return;
}
Serial.print("Connecting to MQTT... ");
uint8_t retries = 3;
while ((ret = mqtt.connect()) != 0) { // connect will return 0 for connected
Serial.println(mqtt.connectErrorString(ret));
Serial.println("Retrying MQTT connection in 5 seconds...");
mqtt.disconnect();
delay(5000); // wait 5 seconds
retries--;
if (retries == 0) {
// basically die and wait for WDT to reset me
while (1);
}
}
Serial.println("MQTT Connected!");
}
void temperature_work(){
delay(2000);
}
However, when I upload the code of publish and subscription separately, it works fine. Can anyone please take a look at my code attempt and tell me what I'm doing wrong?

How to fix "WiFi is not declared on the scope."?

In my code I am receiving a "Wifi is not declared in this scope" error when compiling to a NodeMCU board. The code has some customization, but regarding the WiFi and lines where it calls Wifi functions, it has the same structure to the source code.
The source code compiles flawless, what let me think that there is no issue with libraries or any kind of updates. I already reviewed my code many times and don't get the error.
Here follows the complete compiling error:
C:\Users\Administrator\Documents\Arduino\teste_watsoniot\teste_watsoniot.ino:
In function 'void setup()':
teste_watsoniot:65:14: error: 'Wifi' was not declared in this scope
if (strcmp(Wifi.SSID().c_str(), ssid) != 0) {
^
teste_watsoniot:73:59: error: 'Wifi' was not declared in this scope
Serial.print("Connected, IP address: ");
Serial.println(Wifi.localIP());
^
exit status 1 'Wifi' was not declared in this scope
Here is the code:
#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
#include <PubSubClient.h>
#include <SimpleTimer.h>
#include "DHT.h"
/* Wi-Fi Information */
const char* ssid = "xxx";
const char* password = "xxx";
/* Watson Configurations */
#define DEVICE_TYPE "xxx"
#define DEVICE_ID "xxx"
#define ORG "xxx"
#define TOKEN "xxx" // this authentication token given with API key
char server[] = ORG ".messaging.internetofthings.ibmcloud.com";
char topic[] = "iot-2/evt/status/fmt/json"; //"iot-2/type/xxx/id/xxx/evt/1-anl/fmt/json"; // customize type and ID
char authMethod[] = "use-token-auth";
//char authMeth[] = "xxx"; // here a API key
char token[] = TOKEN;
char clientID[] = "d:" ORG ":" DEVICE_TYPE ":" DEVICE_ID;
/* String to send data */
String Str1 = "hum";
String Str2 = "temp";
String Str3 = "ldrValue1";
String Str4 = "soilValue2";
/* Start Wi-Fi */
WiFiClientSecure wifiClient;
PubSubClient client(server, 1833, wifiClient);
/* TIMER */
SimpleTimer timer;
/* DHT22*/
#define DHTPIN D3
#define DHTTYPE DHT22
DHT dht(DHTPIN, DHTTYPE);
float hum = 0;
float temp = 0;
/* Soil Moister and LDR */
int sensorPin = A0; // analog input for both sensors
int enable1 = D1; // enable reading Sensor 1
int enable2 = D2; // enable reading Sensor 2
int ldrValue1 = 0;
int soilValue2 = 0;
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(115200); Serial.println();
Serial.print("Conectando na rede "); Serial.print(ssid);
if (strcmp(Wifi.SSID().c_str(), ssid) != 0) {
WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
}
while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
delay (500);
Serial.print (".");
}
Serial.println("");
Serial.print("Connected, IP address: "); Serial.println(Wifi.localIP());
timer.setInterval(1000L, getDhtData);
pinMode(enable1, OUTPUT);
pinMode(enable2, OUTPUT);
dht.begin();
}
/* Send to cloud */
void enviaDado(float dado1,float dado2, float dado3, float dado4){
String payload = "{\"d\":{\"" + Str1 + "\":";
payload += dado1;
payload += ", \"" + Str2 + "\":";
payload += dado2;
payload += ", \"" + Str3 + "\":";
payload += dado3;
payload += ", \"" + Str4 + "\":";
payload += dado4;
payload += "}}";
Serial.print("Sending payload: ");
Serial.println(payload);
//__ Envia o dado
if (client.publish(topic, (char*) payload.c_str())) {
Serial.println("Publish ok");
} else {
Serial.println("Publish failed");
}
}
void loop()
{
// Sensor DHT22
getDhtData();
// Sensor 1 LDR
digitalWrite(enable1, HIGH);
ldrValue1 = analogRead(sensorPin);
ldrValue1 = constrain(ldrValue1, 300, 850);
ldrValue1 = map(ldrValue1, 300, 850, 0, 1023);
Serial.print("Light intensity: ");
Serial.println(ldrValue1);
digitalWrite(enable1, LOW);
delay(500);
// Sensor 2 SOIL MOISTURE
digitalWrite(enable2, HIGH);
delay(500);
soilValue2 = analogRead(sensorPin);
soilValue2 = constrain(soilValue2, 300, 0);
soilValue2 = map(soilValue2, 300, 0, 0, 100);
Serial.print("Soil moisture: ");
Serial.println(soilValue2);
Serial.println();
delay(500);
digitalWrite(enable2, LOW);
displayData();
delay(2000); // delay for getting DHT22 data
timer.run(); // Initiates SimpleTimer
}
/* Get DHT data */
void getDhtData(void)
{
float tempIni = temp;
float humIni = hum;
temp = dht.readTemperature();
hum = dht.readHumidity();
if (isnan(hum) || isnan(temp)) // Check if any reads failed and exit early (to try again).
{
Serial.println("Failed to read from DHT sensor!");
temp = tempIni;
hum = humIni;
return;
}
}
/* display DHT data */
void displayData(void)
{
Serial.print(" Temperature: ");
Serial.print(temp);
Serial.print("oC Humidity: ");
Serial.print(hum);
Serial.println("%");
}
Here is the source code:
https://github.com/ibm-watson-iot/device-arduino/blob/master/samples/ESP8266MqttSecure/ESP8266MqttSecure.ino

I am writing a code to read DHT11 value and control 4 relay but temp. sensor is showing me "nan" everytime

I am making a project on home automation with temperature reading using NodeMCU (ESP8266-12E). I am using a DHT11 sensor with DHT11.h library, but my temperature sensor is showing me "nan" instead of any value. I don't know where I am lagging.
My code is given below:
#include "DHT.h" // including the library of DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor
#define DHTTYPE DHT11 // DHT 11
#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
#include "Adafruit_MQTT.h"
#include "Adafruit_MQTT_Client.h"
#define Relay1 D1
#define Relay2 D2
#define Relay3 D3
#define Relay4 D4
#define DHTPIN D0
DHT dht(DHTPIN, DHTTYPE);
float temp_f;
String webString = "";
unsigned long previousMillis = 0;
const long interval = 2300;
#define WLAN_SSID "internet" // Your SSID
#define WLAN_PASS "*********" // Your password
/************************* Adafruit.io Setup *********************************/
#define AIO_SERVER "io.adafruit.com" //Adafruit Server
#define AIO_SERVERPORT 1883
#define AIO_USERNAME "foo" // Username
#define AIO_KEY "bar" // Auth Key
//WIFI CLIENT
WiFiClient client;
Adafruit_MQTT_Client mqtt(&client, AIO_SERVER, AIO_SERVERPORT, AIO_USERNAME, AIO_KEY);
// Setup a feed called 'photocell' for publishing.
// Notice MQTT paths for AIO follow the form: <username>/feeds/<feedname>
const char TEMP_FEED[] PROGMEM = AIO_USERNAME "/feeds/photocell";
Adafruit_MQTT_Publish photocell = Adafruit_MQTT_Publish(&mqtt, AIO_USERNAME"/feeds/photocell");
Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe Light1 = Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe(&mqtt, AIO_USERNAME"/feeds/Relay1"); // Feeds name should be same everywhere
Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe Light2 = Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe(&mqtt, AIO_USERNAME"/feeds/Relay2");
Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe Light3 = Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe(&mqtt, AIO_USERNAME"/feeds/Relay3");
Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe Light4 = Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe(&mqtt, AIO_USERNAME"/feeds/Relay4");
void MQTT_connect();
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(115200);
delay(10);
dht.begin();
// Print temperature sensor details.
pinMode(Relay1, OUTPUT);
pinMode(Relay2, OUTPUT);
pinMode(Relay3, OUTPUT);
pinMode(Relay4, OUTPUT);
// Connect to WiFi access point.
Serial.println();
Serial.println();
Serial.print("Connecting to ");
Serial.println(WLAN_SSID);
WiFi.begin(WLAN_SSID, WLAN_PASS);
while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
delay(500);
Serial.print(".");
}
Serial.println();
Serial.println("WiFi connected");
Serial.println("IP address: ");
Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
temp_f = dht.readTemperature(true);
Serial.println();
Serial.print("Initial Temp: ");
Serial.println(temp_f);
Serial.println();
mqtt.subscribe(&Light1);
mqtt.subscribe(&Light3);
mqtt.subscribe(&Light2);
mqtt.subscribe(&Light4);
}
int delayTime = 300000; //Wait 5 minutes before sending data to web
int startDelay = 0;
void loop()
{
MQTT_connect();
if (millis() - startDelay < delayTime) {
Serial.println("waiting delaytime");
}
else {
temp_f = dht.readTemperature(true); //Get temp in Farenheit
startDelay = millis();
Serial.print(F("\nSending temp: "));
Serial.print(temp_f);
Serial.print("...");
if (!photocell.publish(temp_f)) { //Publish to Adafruit
Serial.println(F("Failed"));
}
else {
Serial.println(F("Sent!"));
}
}
/* //int t = dht.readTemperature(true);
// t = t/100000000;
Serial.print(F("\nSending photocell val "));
Serial.print(t);
Serial.print("...");
if (! photocell.publish(t)) {
Serial.println(F("Failed"));
} else {
Serial.println(F("OK!"));
}*/
Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe* subscription;
while ((subscription = mqtt.readSubscription(2000))) {
if (subscription == &Light1) {
Serial.print(F("Got: "));
Serial.println((char*)Light1.lastread);
int Light1_State = atoi((char*)Light1.lastread);
digitalWrite(Relay1, Light1_State);
}
if (subscription == &Light2) {
Serial.print(F("Got: "));
Serial.println((char*)Light2.lastread);
int Light2_State = atoi((char*)Light2.lastread);
digitalWrite(Relay2, Light2_State);
}
if (subscription == &Light3) {
Serial.print(F("Got: "));
Serial.println((char*)Light3.lastread);
int Light3_State = atoi((char*)Light3.lastread);
digitalWrite(Relay3, Light3_State);
}
if (subscription == &Light4) {
Serial.print(F("Got: "));
Serial.println((char*)Light4.lastread);
int Light4_State = atoi((char*)Light4.lastread);
digitalWrite(Relay4, Light4_State);
}
}
// this is our 'wait for incoming subscription packets and callback em' busy subloop
// try to spend your time here:
mqtt.processPackets(500);
}
void MQTT_connect()
{
int8_t ret;
if (mqtt.connected()) {
return;
}
Serial.print("Connecting to MQTT... ");
uint8_t retries = 3;
while ((ret = mqtt.connect()) != 0) {
Serial.println(mqtt.connectErrorString(ret));
Serial.println("Retrying MQTT connection in 5 seconds...");
mqtt.disconnect();
delay(5000);
retries--;
if (retries == 0) {
while (1);
}
}
Serial.println("MQTT Connected!");
}
you try to read temperature and humidity in setup(). but you need to wait 2s at minima after the dht.begin and before reading, because Sensor readings may also be up to 2 seconds
so add delay(2000) before the first reading..

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