I've been programming an AI with Lua that you communicate with it in my own logical language. I stumbled across a problem and I can't seem to figure this out.
I'm trying to put y/n questions in. I pretty much said: mi=David la; (sets variable to David. la; is punctuation) la mi=David dor la; (Is 'mi' equal to 'David'?)
When I typed that into it, 'ROBO-DUDE' didn't say anything.
if v == "lol" then
local yes = true
for _,v in pairs(mode[2]) do
if v == false then
print(v)
yes = false
end
print(yes)
end
print(yes)
if yes == true then
things = things .. "jar; "
else
things = things .. "awa; "
end
end
This block of code is in a loop for the 'la' statement. 'dor' means to respond yes/no, the lexer changes it to 'lol'.
When I tested it, the code seemed to skip the dor/lol part of the loop. I went to check the lexer.
if v == "dor" then
sentence[#sentence+1] = "lol"
end
I have no clue what went wrong here. I would like somebody's help on this problem.
Nevermind. I found the problem. When I used a for loop, I used the variable 'v' for the main parser loop and the one that looped through another table/array. I believe changing the variable (any of them) will fix my issue.
Related
Heyo. I'm pretty new to Lua (although I do code with Java), so I don't really know anything on this. I'm basically trying to get a user's input, and if it's not the right type, then restart. Now, I'm not sure if it's just Lua or my IDE (I'm using ZeroBrane Studio if that helps), but it won't reinput for whatever reason. (it just loops, meaning it skips the io.read line)
::restart::
...
a = io.read("*number")
if unit == nil then
print("Error! Incorrect Input!\nRestarting...")
goto restart
end
Oh, and yes, I'm using goto commands for restart. I thought that might be what's causing the issue, but I also tried this:
a = io.read("*number") --input non-number
print(a) --prints
a = io.read("*number") --skips
print(a) --prints
When you input a number, it doesn't skip.
Any help would be nice. Thanks in advance.
nvm i solved it myself
local a
repeat
a = io.read(); a = tonumber(a)
if not a then
print("Incorrect Input!\n(Try using only numbers)")
end
until a
::restart::
local a = io.read("*n", "*l")
if a == nil then
io.read("*l") -- skip the erroneous input line
print("Error! Incorrect Input!\nRestarting...")
goto restart
end
P.S.
Feel free to use goto whenever it makes your code more understandable.
For example, using while of repeat-until loop in this code wouldn't make it better (you would need either additional local variable or break statement).
Instead of using the built-in filter of io.read() (which I do think is bugged sometimes) you should consider using an own little function to ensure that the correct data will be give by the user.
This is such a function:
function --[[ any ]] GetUserInput(--[[ string ]] expectedType, --[[ string ]] errorText)
local --[[ bool ]] needInput = true
local --[[ any ]] input = nil
while needInput do
input = GetData()
if ( type(input) == expectedType ) then
needInput = false
else
print(errorText)
end
end
return input
end
You can then call it with:
local userInput = GetUserInput("number", "Error: Incorrect Input! Please give a number.")
Oh and on a sidenote: Goto is considered bad practice.
recently I have been creating an imitation HarborRP gamemode for Garry's Mod, and I'm trying to recreate the Smuggler NPC (You'll know what I mean if you've ever played HarborRP) So basically I want the NPC to open ONE Derma-Frame window when the player presses their use key on it. I have the NPC created and all of that, but when the player simply presses their use key on the NPC, a million windows pop up, I have the NPC/Entity's use type set to SIMPLE_USE, but it seems like that doesn't matter because so many windows pop up. the VGUI/Derma Frame's settings is set to MakePopup() but that doesn't matter either. See if you can find whats wrong with it, I have very little knowledge of LUA.
init.lua file:
include("shared.lua")
AddCSLuaFile("cl_init.lua")
AddCSLuaFile("shared.lua")
util.AddNetworkString("smug")
hook.Add("PlayerUse", "menuu", function(ply, ent)
net.Start("smug")
net.Send(ply)
end)
function ENT:Initialize()
self:SetModel('models/humans/group01/female_01.mdl')
self:SetHullType(HULL_HUMAN)
self:SetHullSizeNormal()
self:SetNPCState(NPC_STATE_SCRIPT)
self:SetSolid(SOLID_BBOX)
self:SetUseType(SIMPLE_USE)
self:DropToFloor()
end
cl_init.lua file:
include("shared.lua")
function ENT:Draw()
self.Entity:DrawModel()
end
net.Receive("smug", function()
if( !frame ) then
local frame = vgui.Create("DFrame")
frame:SetSize(900,600)
frame:SetPos(ScrW()/2-450,ScrH()/2-300)
frame:SetVisible(true)
frame:MakePopup()
frame:SetDeleteOnClose(true)
elseif (frame) then print("HI")
end
end)
shared.lua file:
ENT.Base = "base_ai"
ENT.Type = "ai"
ENT.PrintName = "[DEV] Smuggler NPC"
ENT.Category = "InVaLiD's HBRP Entities"
ENT.Author = "InVaLiD"
ENT.Spawnable = true
ENT.AdminSpawnable = true
ENT.AutomaticFrameAdvance = true
Something To Note
All of these files are in the addons/smug_npc/lua/entities/ folder.
Yes, I know I have weird names for things, that's just me.
I have a basic to no knowledge of lua, so explain things please :)
I really do appreciate your help, and your will to help people, please know that I thank you all for being here just to sort other people's problems even though you could be spending your time doing something productive, Thank you!
You need to put your code that does net.Send into the entities ENT:Use function rather than on the PlayerUse hook.
function ENT:Use(ply)
net.Start("smug")
net.Send(ply)
end
The below line which you already have in your code in the initialize function makes the entity call the ENT:Use function once when a player presses E on it, which it seems that you want to do so that is good:
self:SetUseType(SIMPLE_USE)
Also, I recommend checking out the gmod forums if you need developer help in future.
GMod forums: https://gmod.facepunch.com/f
Actually I am writting a programming language in Lua. It was quite fun. I've wrote a bit of standard library (stack op and simple io). Then I've thought about labels. It would look like in assembly. While and for loop aren't funny in any bit so programming in that language can be quite challenging. Here are some requirements for this system:
Label stack (or array, dictionary) must be accessible from global context.
Jump instruction handler will be in separate file.
This is how my label-handling function look like:
function handleLabel(name,currentLine)
end
I have no idea how to implement this kind of magic. First I've thought about that:
LabelLineIDS = {}
Labels = {}
Labelamount = 1;
function handleLabel(name,currentLine)
LabelLineIDS[Labelamount]=currentline
Labels[Labelamount]=name
Labelamount=Labelamount+1
end
-- In file "jump.lua":
local function has_value (tab, val)
for index, value in ipairs(tab) do
if value == val then
return index
end
end
print ("Error: Label not defined.") -- Bail out.
os.exit(1)
end
local function _onlabel()
local labelName = globalparams --Globalparams variable contain parameters to each function, at the moment
--this will contain label name. It _can_ be nil.
return LabelLineIDS[has_value(Labels, labelName)]
end
CurrLine = _onlabel() --Currline - current line that get's parsed.
--1 command per one line.
But I'm unsure is this well written or even work. Can you give me idea how to parse labels in my programming language (and write jump functions)? Or if my code is pretty ok at the moment, can you help me to improve it?
Using line counter in my parser I've decided to implement gotos like we can see in BASIC. Thanks everyone for help.
Always feel like I'm making something far more complicated than it has to be. I'm currently playing around with the WoW addon, Tongues, in hope of make a custom dialect filter - which is quite easy of course, very noob-friendly. At this point, there is one thing I want to accomplish-- something of which feels to have the implications far beyond this -- that is just novelty, but before I give up completely (lots of hours trying different things with no headway) I was hoping someone could come by, get a cheap laugh and perhaps help me fix this if they understand my point. And who knows, posting this new helpless questions might bump me up to being able to finally upvote!
Tongues.Affect["Drunk"] = {
["substitute"] = {
[1] = merge({
{ ["([%a]+)(%A*)$"] = "%1 ...hic!"},
Tongues.Affect["Slur"]["substitute"][1]
});
};
["frequency"] = 100;
};
What this does is simply add on the "...hic!" to sendchatmessage(); I believe it is. The frequency part seems completely broken and only the GUI slider in the game matters for that. What I was hoping to accomplish was to repurpose this and make the "...hic!" an actual randomized word. Since the mod itself handles the chance that it happens, I figured all that is needed left is to replace the string with a function=X. It's, of course, intensely way over my head, but despite checking the Lua of several mods, nothing feels like "it will fit."
The best I could come up with,
Tongues.Affect["TESTAFFECT"] = {
["substitute"] = {
[1] = merge({
{ ["([%a]+)(%A*)$"] = function(b)
local rand = Math.Random(1,2)
if (rand == 1) then
b = "test1"
return b
elseif (rand == 2) then
b = "test2"
return b
end
end
Leaves a gloriously useless message in the error mod BugSack - of course my attempt is wrong, but there's no way to know how!
I'm assuming this is enough information - as I said, very user friendly mod without any need to understand how it really works (Although I'd love to ready study it after this "project")
Anyone? Regardless, thank you for your time in simply even reading this far.
Update: Downvotes, okay! That's cool too. A little unpredictable, but sure. The error is as follows
15x Tongues\Core\dialects.lua:172: attempt to index field 'Affect' (a nil value)
Tongues\Core\dialects.lua:172: in main chunk
Locals:
175 in dialects.lua is
Tongues.Affect["Wordcut"]["substitute"][1],
Which has nothing to do with what I'm trying to accomplish, and works just fine.
Sorry that my question was an inconvenience. I asked to the best of my ability and the best of my ability to articulate the question proved to be less then stellar. The example codes I had provided were the only way I could articulate showing what I was trying to do.
I was misinterpreting the error frame and discovered that behind the useless stack that calls an error where there is, in fact, none, is a stack that calls the error in syntax at the time that broke it.
I'm sharing my results, regardless if the community finds this useless. I learned a tremendous amount from this personally, which is the only incentive in that I asked for help.
Tongues.Affect["TEST"] = {
["substitute"] = {
[1] = {
["([%a]+)"] = function(a)
return a
end;
["(%A*)$"] = function(a,b)
local rand = math.random(1,2)
if (rand == 1) then
b = "test1"
return b
end;
if (rand == 2) then
b = "test2"
return b
end;
end;
};
};
};
Hope it helps someone out there - as expected, I made it more complicated than it had to be. Simply "jiggling" the symbols is all that was needed.
I've implemented my own class system and I'm having trouble with __tostring; I suspect a similar issue can happen with other metamethods, but I haven't tried.
(Brief detour: each class has a __classDict attribute, holding all methods. It is used as the class instances' __index. At the same time, the __classDict's __index is the superclass' __classDict, so methods in superclasses are authomatically looked up.)
I wanted to have a "default tostring" behavior in all instances. But it didn't work: the "tostring" behavior doesn't "propagate" through subclasses correctly.
I've done this test exemplifying my issue:
mt1 = {__tostring=function(x) return x.name or "no name" end }
mt2 = {}
setmetatable(mt2, {__index=mt1})
x = {name='x'}
y = {name='y'}
setmetatable(x, mt1)
setmetatable(y, mt2)
print(x) -- prints "x"
print(mt2.__tostring(y)) -- prints "y"
print(y) -- prints "table: 0x9e84c18" !!
I'd rather have that last line print "y".
Lua's "to_String" behaviour must be using the equivalent of
rawget(instance.class.__classDict, '__tostring')
instead of doing the equivalent of
instance.class.__classDict.__tostring
I suspect the same happens with all metamethods; rawget-equivalent operations are used.
I guess one thing I could do is copying all the metamethods when I do my subclassing (the equivalent on the above example would be doing mt2.__tostring = mt1.__tostring) but that is kind of inelegant.
Has anyone fought with this kind of issue? What where your solutions?
I suspect the same happens with all metamethods; rawget-equivalent operations are used.
That is correct.
from the lua manual:
... should be read as rawget(getmetatable(obj) or {}, event). That is, the access to a metamethod does not invoke other metamethods, and the access to objects with no metatables does not fail (it simply results in nil).
Generally each class has its own metatable, and you copy all references to functions into it.
That is, do mt2.__tostring = mt1.__tosting
Thanks to daurnimator's comments, I think I found a way to make metamethods "follow" __index as I want them to. It's condensed on this function:
local metamethods = {
'__add', '__sub', '__mul', '__div', '__mod', '__pow', '__unm', '__concat',
'__len', '__eq', '__lt', '__le', '__call', '__gc', '__tostring', '__newindex'
}
function setindirectmetatable(t, mt)
for _,m in ipairs(metamethods) do
rawset(mt, m, rawget(mt,m) or function(...)
local supermt = getmetatable(mt) or {}
local index = supermt.__index
if(type(index)=='function') then return index(t,m)(...) end
if(type(index)=='table') then return index[m](...) end
return nil
end)
end
return setmetatable(t, mt)
end
I hope it is straightforward enough. When a new metatable is set, it initializes it with all metamethods (without replacing existing ones). These metamethods are prepared to "pass on" requests to "parent metatables".
This is the simplest solution I could find. Well, I actually found a solution that used less characters and was a bit faster, but it involved black magic (it involved metatable functions de-referencing themselves inside their own bodies) and it was much less readable than this one.
If anyone finds a shorter, simpler function that does the same, I'll gladly give him the answer.
Usage is simple: replace setmetatable by setindirectmetatable when you want it to "go up":
mt1 = {__tostring=function(x) return x.name or "no name" end }
mt2 = {}
setmetatable(mt2, {__index=mt1})
x = {name='x'}
y = {name='y'}
setmetatable(x, mt1)
setindirectmetatable(y, mt2) -- only change in code
print(x) -- prints "x"
print(mt2.__tostring(y)) -- prints "y"
print(y) -- prints "y"
A little word of warning: setindirectmetatable creates metamethods on mt2. Changing that behavior so a copy is made, and mt2 remains unaltered, should be trivial. But letting them set up by default is actually better for my purposes.
From my experience with Lua 5.1, metamethods are looked up in metatables using rawget(), and that's why you must copy the reference to the function into every class table you create.
See the Inheritance Tutorial on the Lua Users Wiki.