In my application, I am getting an access token via ADAL's acquireTokenSilent() for one resource, which succeeds, and then I try to get an access token for another resource and it says it was not found, and hence I have to call the API to explicitly prompt for credentials. This is a problem since then the user has to login twice with the same credentials in order to access two different resources.
I am using the same authority for each resource. Here is the message that shows there is no hit in the cache for the second resource.
May 4 13:22:37 iPad MyApp[290] : ADAL 2.4.1 iOS 10.2.1 [2017-05-04 20:22:37 - XXXX] INFO: No items were found for query: (resource https://MYRESOURCE + client + authority https://login.windows.net/common)
So my question is, under what circumstances will tokens be shared across resources, and is there any special allowances (ways to use the APIs) which allow this?
If you are building two native clients (public clients) and you want to enable single sign on across the two, one option is to share the App ID between the apps versus passing the actual token from one service to another service.
For example lets say your company name is Contoso. You have a Calendar Mobile App, and a Document Editor App.
You can create a single Native Client Application with:
A common application name, like "Contoso Apps"
Redirect URIs for both apps
Permissions required for the sum of the two applications
Then when a user signs into either application, they will see a login screen with the generic name "Contoso Apps", and prompted to consent to permissions for both apps at the same time. Now this might be a little bit of a bad experience, since the permissions of the two will probably be more than the individual permissions required, but that could be fixed in the future with Incremental Consent.
Then assuming you are using our authentication libraries which automatically caches the access tokens, when the user opens the second application, they will not be prompted to consent because you already have a token cached for that Application ID.
This obviously is not the best solution, but one that has been used in the past for large enterprise applications.
Related
On AWS, I wish to create an application that allows a user to sign in via mobile, web or both.
I created a system using API Gateway, Lambdas and DynamoDB for the back end. I have sign in working for web using JavaScript but was having issues finding a Swift example for iOS of the same code (objective C only available). So I created a mobile hub application, imported my existing API and have a working iOS sign in.
The issue is that the iOS side uses the Mobile Hub so I now have 2 different User Pools so you can't sign up on web and log in on mobile (or vice versa).
I tried to change the settings in the iOS app to point to my web app Cognito User Pool settings and remove the secret but it errors as it can not be null or empty.
Why does the mobile hub require a client secret? The JavaScript documentation suggested was bad practice since code can be de-compiled and the secret extracted.
There doesn't seem to be any consistent documentation that explains, what I would guess, as the most common use case of a mobile and web app!
The other issue is that I can download my API client SDK for my API Gateway for use with web app and iOS app. But, the generated mobile hub app includes a REST based call? Am I going crazy here or does the official web approach not link to the official mobile approach?
So the key questions are:
Can or should I change the mobile apps to point at the original
Cognito?
if so should I remove the client secret?
can I effectively ignore the Mobile Hub after set up and use it purely for code generation? Assuming it was then working can I just use the generated client SDK for my API Gateway?
Is there a better way of setting up an iOS (later Android too) and web app?
I've spent considerable time and effort, and tried many approaches.
The "Mobile Hub" nicely sets up the user pool, identity pool, IAM roles etc.
The keys etc are mostly provided in the Info.plist file, although ( unwisely ) the developers of the user pool AWSSignInProvider made it have hardcoded keys in a configuration file.
SO:
If you don't intend to use the "Mobile Hub" console application for making changes to your mobile app configuration, then you won't need any more downloads. In that case, you don't have to worry about changes to Info.plist or the configuration file, and you can edit what you want.
It is unclear if you are going to use the mobile hub created identity pool and just want to insert your user pool, or if you want to change both pools. Obviously if you are using the same identity pool then some of the changes below will not be needed (they will be obvious because you will be changing them to be exactly the same).
So all you have to do is change the ID's to get everything hooked up correctly.
In general you need to fix all the downloaded keys and ID's in Info.plist and the configuration file, and then you need to update the server configuration. In more detail, here are the places you need to change it:
in the app:
update all the keys in Info.plist to be the keys you want. (specifically credentials provider and identity manager keys for google) But if you are using other mobile hub services, check the keys there too.
If you are using s3, and some of the other services the directory names/database names are also stored in the code... I leave it as an activity to find them.
in the file MySampleApp->AmazonAWS->AWSConfiguration.swift edit the keys provided by Mobile hub to match your user pool (do this while quietly swearing under your breath because they are not in Info.plist)
in the console:
put your app name in your user pool APP's list if it is not there, and record the user pool id, app id, and app secret.
click on federated identities and the identity pool created by mobile hub and update the authentication provider to use your cognito user pool id and app id.
if you are changing the identity pool too, then you will need to look at the IAM Roles for your auth and unauth users and specifically edit the policy that is named: .....yourapp....signin_MOBILEHUB_xxxxxxx, and change the identity pool id in that policy to be the one you want to use. Do this for both auth and unauth.
( you can change the id if you only use one pool, or add another to a list of id's like this if you will have multiple identity pools (for test...etc))
"Resource": [
"arn:aws:cognito-identity:*:*:identityPool/us-east-1:8s8df8f8-sd9fosd9f0sdf-999sd99fd",
"arn:aws:cognito-identity:*:*:identityPool/us-east-1:dfsf9099-sd9fosd9f0sdf-sd9f0sdf09f9s"
]
similarly, in the trust relationship associated with the roles, you need to fix the id's, (or handle multiple ID's if you want the role to serve multiple identity pools). Here is how to specify multiple id's there.
"Condition": {
"ForAllValues:StringLike": {
"cognito-identity.amazonaws.com:aud": [
"us-east-1:8s8df8f8-sd9fosd9f0sdf-999sd99fsdfdd",
"us-east-1:dfsf9099-sd9fosd9f0sdf-sd9f0sdf09f9s"
]
},
if you are using google too... you need to make sure that you have an identityProvider in the IAM configuration for google (mobile hub did that for you) and if you are using your own identity pool , in your federated identity pool authorization providers configuration you will need to select google open id provider (and put google in the authorized providers too (but I don't think this part is strictly needed))
facebook doesnt use OpenID Connect, it has a proprietary way of configuring into the authentication providers section, so enter those keys if needed in the identity pool authentication providers section.
And that should be enough to make it work.
And no you are not going crazy... the documentation does not match the current IOS SDK. Mobile hub uses the aws-mobilehub-helper-ios (github) which is built on TOP of the sdk, so the documentation does not apply to that either! Mobile Hub Helper has a nice design, so I recommend you use it, rather than the raw SDK.
(and lastly... and I am out of my depth here because I don't use API gateway, but my understanding was that the API Gateway is a way to get credentials to use AWS Services, and with the mobile hub app you will be using Cognito to get those credentials, so I am not sure you will need to bring the API Gateway into it...at all)
UPDATE
You may want to use no client secret for users of your javascript app, and use a IOS Mobile App on the same pool too. This can be done in two ways:
1) The better way is that you create two different client's in the user pool. For one you will generate a client secret, for the other you will UNCHECK the "generate client secret" box.
Then in your Federated Identity Pool you go to Authentication Providers, and click on Cognito, and specify TWO DIFFERENT PROVIDERS USING THE SAME USER POOL ID. (This is not really two different providers, but that is how the console makes you specify it). And you put the two different client ids in those providers.
Now both the IOS app and the Javascript app can access the pool and get authentication and credentials from the identityProvider and credentialsProvider.
2) A not so good way. The reason this way is worse is because I don't know the impact (if any) it has on the security of your mobile app. And at AWS there is nobody to ask the question to without buying a support contract. But the other way exists.
What you do is use the same client id in both apps, and you don't generate a client secret. To do this you put "nil" in the clientSecret. This works fine with some caveats.
First, the AWS Mobile Hub has a bug in it's AWSCognitoUserPoolsSignInProvider. That class requires that the clientSecret is non-null. But in the SDK, the only way to tell the SDK that you want no client secret is to pass nil! However there are workarounds.
(What I did was use the AWSCUPIdPSignInProvider.swift (that I wrote), which will work fine and I have a version that will take a nil for the secret. I did that because it was faster for me to test this out. you can find that signin provider on github if you want to use it)
But a better (more future proof) solution is probably to use the AWSCognitoUserPoolsSignInProvider that the mobile hub delivers, but change the code in AWSMobileClient to configure and register your own pool rather than letting AWSCognitoUserPoolsSignInProvider do it for you.
I haven't bothered to try this, (because we only have to do it because AWS has not gotten around to updating the github aws-mobilehub-helper-ios yet). But basically in AWSMobileClient instead of this code:
func setupUserPool() {
// register your user pool configuration
AWSCognitoUserPoolsSignInProvider.setupUserPoolWithId(AWSCognitoUserPoolId, cognitoIdentityUserPoolAppClientId: AWSCognitoUserPoolAppClientId, cognitoIdentityUserPoolAppClientSecret: AWSCognitoUserPoolClientSecret, region: AWSCognitoUserPoolRegion)
AWSSignInProviderFactory.sharedInstance().registerAWSSignInProvider(AWSCognitoUserPoolsSignInProvider.sharedInstance(), forKey:AWSCognitoUserPoolsSignInProviderKey)
}
you would have something like this code
func setupUserPool() {
// register your user pool configuration
// find the service configuration (we don't know if they set it as default)
let credentialProvider = AWSCognitoCredentialsProvider(regionType: .USEast1 (or your region), identityPoolId: "YourIdentityPoolId")
let configuration = AWSServiceConfiguration(region: .USWest2 (or your region), credentialsProvider: credentialProvider)
// configure and put your own user pool in the service configuration
let userPoolConfiguration = AWSCognitoIdentityUserPoolConfiguration(clientId: AWSCognitoUserPoolAppClientId, clientSecret: nil, poolId:AWSCognitoUserPoolId)
// now we register that pool with the service configuration using the key they use
AWSCognitoIdentityUserPool.register(with: configuration, userPoolConfiguration: userPoolConfiguration, forKey: AWSCognitoUserPoolsSignInProviderKey)
AWSSignInProviderFactory.sharedInstance().registerAWSSignInProvider(AWSCognitoUserPoolsSignInProvider.sharedInstance(), forKey:AWSCognitoUserPoolsSignInProviderKey)
}
But as I said above, solution 1, use two different clients and specify two different providers is preferred.
I have registered my application here.
I have given all permissions to my App in that panel as well.
I specifically need Groups.ReadWrite.All which requires an admin ? requirement I am not sure what this even means.
https://apps.dev.microsoft.com/#/application/
Okay App is registered and redirect url has been copied.
Now I take that redirect url copy it and paste it into the admin panel for apps. At this link at App Registrations
https://portal.azure.com/
I am not sure why I have to register in two different panels, one which gives me a redirect url for my native app and the other that leaves it blank.
Great So then I setup my iOS app to make a graph request. This scope
https://graph.microsoft.com/Calendars.ReadWrite
I need to readwrite groups so I add this permission
https://graph.microsoft.com/Group.ReadWrite.All
It fails to authenticate.
I have checked that I have added the permissions to my app, and I have at this app registration panel https://apps.dev.microsoft.com/#/application/
Then I try to add the same permissions in the
https://portal.azure.com/
it gives me
Unable to Complete Request Validation Error, then doesn't do anything.
I tried to add a non admin permission same error.
So what is going on here ... ?
So even though they told me use the Graph API from now on moving forward in the docs I tried to go back to their office 365 SDK for iOS, it also has problems as I cannot get the pods to work as per instructions.
I am 100% sure after this issue is resolved I will need permissions
Note: I work at as a consultant for a bank so if someone can tell me what the azure administrator at the bank has to do to get my permissions escalated to admin status that would be great....
Thanks
Those are 2 different registrations,
Per this documentation (https://graph.microsoft.io/en-us/docs/authorization/auth_overview), for personal accounts like live.com or outlook.com, use the Azure AD v2.0, and for the enterprise, use the Azure AD.
So, for your case, I believe you need the latter, the azure AD.
For this to happen, as you said, go https://portal.azure.com/ and add the app registration.
In order to do so, you would need to
select "Azure Active Directory" and go "App registrations".
Once you create an app, you would need to select "native" for the iOS, and then under app access, under "required permissions" add "Microsoft Graph" followed by selected permissions you would like.
To answer the note, you would need permissions to create an app at the portal, otherwise, you would need to ask for that permission or have the admin create an app for you.
Some samples are available at https://github.com/microsoftgraph/ios-objectivec-connect-sample and https://github.com/microsoftgraph/ios-swift-connect-sample for iOS samples.
Hope this helps!
I am very confused by the BC documentation on their API, because they let you create "Draft Apps" (private apps) and now I see that in their documentation they say "We do not currently provide a means of keeping OAuth apps private.".
My concern here is that they made some changes recently that might have affected a few of my Private Apps that I had running just fine a month ago. If anyone can provide some insight, I would appreciate it greatly!
https://developer.bigcommerce.com/api/guides/oauth-transition
There is nothing wrong with creating oAuth credentials with a "Draft App" for the sole purpose of accessing the API of your store. You do not ever have to publish your app and your app will never be made "public" in that case. You also don't have to bother with the 'Load Callback URL' and filling out the details on your draft app, unless you want to provide yourself an interface in the store.
The "Draft App" function was specifically meant to allow Developers building apps for the BC App Marketplace to test their apps in a store before submission. However, you can use it to make a private application that is only intended for your store - I'm including the process here for others!
Making a Private App with oAuth (or How to Generate oAuth Credentials for a Store)
What you will need
Access to the account listed as the "store owner" of the store where you want to install your app or the ability to get a person with access to complete a couple steps
Ability to setup a local or public URL to receive the 'Auth Callback Request'
Getting started
The first thing you should do is sort out making available a local or public URL that can receive an "Auth Callback" request. This resource must be able to work over an HTTPS connection but the SSL can be self-signed. The 'Auth Callback' request from Bigcommerce is a GET request that will have 3 query parameters on the URL: code, scope, and context.
It is described in greater detail here:
https://developer.bigcommerce.com/api/callback#get-req
Additional info
When building a public app it is important that the service receiving the Auth Callback request be configured to catch the 3 query values and combine them with information you already have. You would then send all of this information in a POST to the BC oAuth Token service to generate your API token for the store. In addition to that you would want to respond to the Auth Callback request with a 200 status and an interface, or instructions, for the user.
In the context of building a private application you don't need to worry about any of that. All you need to do is capture the query values. If you have this already then go ahead and jump down to the section on generating an API token below.
Before Moving On
You should have a URL path that can receive a GET request and captures query parameters. Test it out and make sure it works. Here are a couple example URLs:
https://example.com/auth-callback
https://localhost:8000/auth-service
Registering an App
The key point here is that the registration of the app must be completed by the store owner account of the store where you want to install the app. If you have access to the store owner account credentials then follow the steps at the bottom of this page:
https://developer.bigcommerce.com/api/registration
If you are working with the store owner then you can direct them to complete the steps above. You will need to provide them the Auth Callback URL you created for completing Step 9. The Load Callback URL does have to be filled in but the default example provided can be left in place.
SCOPES
When registering an app you are able to choose the scopes for the app. It is simple to just leave them all open but it is best practice to only enable the scopes you need. Here is a list of the scopes:
https://developer.bigcommerce.com/api/scopes
If you are not sure whether or not you will need a certain scope then leave it enabled because you will have to re-generate your API Token (perform a re-install of the app) if you have to change the scopes on your app.
Before Moving On
You need to have the client_id and client_secret. If someone else registered the app then you will need to ask them for this. There is a View Client ID button that will provide it after registering an app.
Generate the Auth Callback Request
You will need the person with store owner access again for this step. They will need to login to their store and go to the Apps section on the left side column. After that click on Marketplace -> then My Apps (in the top-right) -> then My Draft Apps
You should now see a list containing any "apps" that the store owner has registered. Choose the one relating to the client_id you plan to use. Click to install the app.
The Auth Callback request has now been sent and you are done here. You should expect to see just a blank or grey page as a result unless you are responding to the Auth Callback request with content. Your app is now awaiting authentication.
If using a self-signed certificate
When your Auth Callback URL has a self-signed certificate then you will see a "untrusted cert" error in your browser when you attempt installation of the app. You should choose to trust the certificate and continue.
Before Moving On
You should now have received the code, scope, and context at your Auth Callback URL. If you did not it was likely due to not having SSL/TLS at your server. You can replay the Auth Callback request as many times as needed by Cancelling Installation of the app in the same place where you started it. You can even open up a Dev tool and watch the request happen to see what errors show up in the console. If this is continuing to fail then you should reach out to Bigcommerce support or ask a new question on here!
Generating an API Token to Complete Installation
Follow the steps here:
https://developer.bigcommerce.com/api/callback#post-req
You should have all of the details needed to send a POST request to the BC Auth Token Service at https://login.bigcommerce.com/oauth2/token
Make sure to URL encode your content and you should be good! Here is a site that can URL encode and decode for you: http://meyerweb.com/eric/tools/dencoder/
Just be careful of it encoding & and = signs when those are actually being used as separators between fields or between field/value (respectively).
Before Moving On
You should have received a successful response from the Auth service which will include your API Token. Once you have this you are all set to access the API of the store. You no longer need to have your Auth Callback URL up and available and can take that down.
Also take note of the context to use to create your API path.
Accessing the API
Now that you have your API Token and context you are all set to access the API of a store. Start off with a simple request to the /time endpoint.
Make a GET request and include the following headers (minus the curly braces):
X-Auth-Client: {CLIENT_ID}
X-Auth-Token: {API_TOKEN}
Accept: application/json
Content-Type: application/json
Send your request to a URL path of (minus curly braces):
https://api.bigcommerce.com/{context}/v2/time
If you get back a 200 response then you are all set!
Additional Notes - Ways to Break Credentials
Once you have successfully generated an API Token for a certain app, that app will display in the Control Panel as an icon in the Apps section. The fact the app is there shows it is installed and allowing access. If you uninstall that app then the previously generated API token will stop working.
Changing the scopes on an already installed app will require it to be re-installed to correct the token.
Changing the store owner email on the store will cause the token to stop working. The API Token is specifically tied to the store owner that registered the app.
if you have apps in "My draft apps" and you used basic oauth, you will have to change to Oauth Authentication, but if only have private apps using "legacy api account", you will not need to change.
I'm curious if there is a way to safely pass content between apps on iOS. The ultimate goal is to implement oauth between two ios apps.
Since apps are not guaranteed to have unique url schemes, this option is out.
I have considered using keychain groups, but do not have experience with this. It looks like an app needs to specify exactly which apps can access the keychain items.
Are there any other options? Is there some sort of identifier (such as android bundle ID) that can be used to verify the apps during a request?
You can use URL schemes for this.
The basic process
You'll have a ServerApp and many ClientApps. The ServerApp listens to an URL-scheme like serverapp://. The client then can make a call to the server to ask it for authentication. The client has to implement an URL-scheme too. E.g. ClientAppOne implements the URL scheme clientapp1://. The server takes as parameter a backlink to the client app. E.g. the client calls the URL serverapp://auth?back=clientapp1%3A%2F%2Fserverapp-auth (here the backlink is clientapp1://serverapp-auth and has been urlencoded).
The server then checks the users identity, asks him for permission, password, etc. and then uses the backlink to provide the data. How the backlink works exactly is application specific, but you usually need at least 2 parts: an access token and a username. E.g. a backlink will then be clientapp1://serverapp-auth?success=1&token=fi83ia8wfzi3s8fi8s3f8si8sf&user=robert or maybe in case of error clientapp1://serverapp-auth?success=0&errno=421. The client then needs to verify the accesstoken through some public (or private) API, e.g. https://serverapp.example.com/userdetails?apikey=fai83jw93fj93389j&token=fi83ia8wfzi3s8fi8s3f8si8sf. The server will return some structured response.
Necessary components
an URL scheme on the server App
an URL scheme on each client App
an SDK that is to be included into each client app and that handels the details of authentication, and a standard UI component (e.g. facebook has a standard button that says "login with facebook", so the ServerApp needs some re-recognizable button that says something like "login with ServerApp")
a server that provides services that can be accessed through the access token.
a defined API that explains how the client has to communicate with the server
an SDK to be included into the client that handels such client-server-communication (should be part of the SDK mentioned in component 3.)
maybe a wiki that documents all of the steps above, so that you and other developers dont lose track
a way to invalidate access tokens, and a way for the client to detect if an access token has been invalidated. furthermore, if the user changes his password, all access tokens should be invalidated.
Random notes
in your client app you can check if the serverapp is installed by calling [[UIApplication sharedApplication] canOpenURL:[NSURL URLWithString:#"serverapp://auth"]].
the URL schemes should be sufficently collission-free. These URLs are never seen by users, only by developers, so they don't have to be beautiful. You can e.g. append the iTunes-Connect-App-ID to your URL-scheme, like serverapp1234567://. This will greatly reduce the possibility that someday some other app will use the same URL scheme.
I'm just getting started with D2L and am running into problems.
On the "Getting Started" page, I have completed the first three steps:
1) Acquire an App Key/ID pair from D2L - I have received the App ID and App Key
2) Create a test account in your host LMS - I have created a new user account with the administrator role for testing
3) Choose a client library to work with - I am using the PHP SDK
4) Authenticate with your LMS - This is where I'm running into trouble.
When I use the Getting Started sample:
http://samples.valence.desire2learn.com/samples/GettingStartedSample/
And enter my host, app ID and app key and hit on the "Authenticate" button, I get a "This application is not authorized on this LMS instance. Ask your administrator to authorize this application" error.
I am an administrator on my D2L host and I'm not sure how to authorize my own app.
I have tried the following:
Navigating to the "Manage Extensibility" page because that's where D2L says my app should be located, but it isn't there.
Enabling the API (d2l.Security.Api.EnableApi) under the "DOME" page to no avail.
What am I doing wrong?
Based on your question and comments, there were two issues here:
First is that the list of App ID/Key pairs appropriate for your LMS get regularly fetched by your LMS from the D2L KeyTool service. The schedule for this fetching is once a day; accordingly, if the scheduled task isn't set up, or if your LMS isn't identifying itself properly to the KeyTool service, or if time hasn't yet elapsed after key granting to the next scheduled run of the task, the App won't yet be in your LMS' Manage Extensibility list. It sounds like you no longer have that issue.
Second is that the Valence Learning Framework APIs' authentication process (requesting and retrieving a set of user tokens for an LMS user) requires several LMS features to be properly set up: (a) the LMS must be configured to support Deep Linking, (b) the LMS must be set up to handle the ?target= parameter on incoming client URL requests, and curate that parameter throughout the user authentication process.
In cases where your LMS is not doing the user authentication but depending upon another, third-party IDP (like Shibboleth), any ?target= parameter passed into the login process must be taken care of by the IDP and properly handed back to the LMS after user authentication. In a situation where you have multiple redirections occurring during user authentication, this can involve successive generation of a target parameter, and each generation must re-URL-encode the previous request URL in its entirety (like sticking an envelope inside another envelope, inside yet another envelope).
If your LMS is not properly configured to support these two points, which you might not notice during other operations, then client calls to the Learning Framework APIs won't work because the calling client won't be able to fetch back a set of user tokens.
To solve the second of these issues, you may have to contact D2L's Customer Support desk -- they can verify, and adjust as necessary, the LMS configuration part of this authentication chain. If you're integrating your LMS with other third-party IDP components not administered or deployed by D2L, then you might also need to adjust their configurations: D2L can likely advise on what needs to be done there (curate the target parameter on URls), but cannot adjust the configuration for you in those cases.