How to print numbers read from a binary file in lua? - lua

I have a binary file and I want to read its contents with lua. I know that it contains float numbers represented as 4 bytes with no delimeters between them. So I open the file and do t=file:read(4). Now I want to print the non-binary representation of the number, but if I do print(t), I only get sth like x98xC1x86. What should I do?

If you're running Lua 5.3, try this code:
t=file:read(4)
t=string.unpack(t,"f")
print(t)
The library function string.unpack converts binary data to Lua types.

Related

Lua bit library

Right now I have made my own funcs to do bitwise and + not but then I saw the bit library and tried to use it but it doesn't work how I imagined, it returns a large decimal instead of the binary bit and so my question is actually a few.
First: how to do bitwise AND on binary number using the bit32 library.
10110111
11000100 = 10000100
Second: How to calculate the ipv4 broadcast address by adding the network address and the wildcard mask in binary form using the bit32 library
192.168.1.0 + 31 = 192.168.1.31
11000000.10100000.00000001.00000000
00000000.00000000.00000000.00011111 = 11000000.10100000.00000001.00011111
I am assuming that your bitwise and / not functions take string arguments.
Numbers can be represented in multiple ways.
The number 110101, which is in base two, has the same value as 53, which is in base 10.
When you say
x=123
Lua converts 123 into its binary representation, 1111011, which it then stores in memory as bits.
When you say
print(x)
Lua goes into memory, grabs x, which is 1111011, and then converts it into its more human-readable base 10 representation, and you see
123
The bitwise functions you wrote performs bit operations on strings which display the binary representation of a number like "1111011". the bit32 library performs bit operations on numbers, which display the decimal representation of a number like 123.
In Lua, "1001001" is a string, but if arithmatic operations are performed on it, it treats it as if it were a number written in base 10. So when you do
bit32.band("101","110")
the bit32.band function interprets its arguments as one-hundred-one and one-hundred-ten.
You must first convert your binary strings into numbers:
bit32.band(tonumber("101",2), tonumber("110",2))

how to compare spanish character in Lua

I have to compare the contents of a lua variable with a string having spanish characters e.g.
if is equal to bisción.
if myvar = "bisción" does not work when myvar contains the same value.
I could not find anything relevant to this in Lua documentation except setting the locales at http://www.lua.org/pil/20.html. However, this also does not seem to work.
How do I test for equality (If it matters, I am using ubuntu 14.04)
This is not a problem of Lua itself.
> print("bisción" == "bisción")
true
Perhaps there is a discrepancy between the character encoding used by your source code editor, and by your data sources. Lua makes the compare operation at byte level. It's enough to have the Lua source file encoded with UTF-8, for example, and the data loaded from a file with UTF-16 encoding, and the compare fails.

Read/Parse Binary files with Powershell

I'm trying to parse a binary file, and I need some help on where to go. I've looking online for "parsing binary files", "reading binary files", "reading text inside binaries", etc. and I haven't had any luck.
For example, how would I read this text out of this binary file? Any help would be MUCH appreciated. I am using powershell.
It seems that you have a binary file with text on a fixed or otherwise deducible position. Get-Content might help you but... It'll try to parse the entire file to an array of strings and thus creating an array of "garbage". Also, you wouldn't know from what file position a particular "rope of characters" was.
You can try .NET classes File to read and Encoding to decode. It's just a line for each call:
# Read the entire file to an array of bytes.
$bytes = [System.IO.File]::ReadAllBytes("path_to_the_file")
# Decode first 12 bytes to a text assuming ASCII encoding.
$text = [System.Text.Encoding]::ASCII.GetString($bytes, 0, 12)
In your real case you'd probably go through the array of bytes in a loop finding the start and end of a particular string sequence and using those indices to specify the range of bytes you want to extract the text from by the GetString.
The .NET methods I mentioned are available in .NET Framework 2.0 or higher. If you installed PowerShell 2.0 you already have it.
If you're just looking for strings, check out the strings.exe utility from SysInternals.
You can read in the file via Get-Content -Encoding byte . I'm not sure how to parse it though.

Mixing ASCII and Binary for record delimiters

My requirements are to write binary records inside a file. The binary records can be thought of as raw bytes in memory. I need a way to delimit each record, so that i can do something similar to binary search on the file. For example start in middle of file, find the next record delimited and start the search.
My question is that can ASCII such "START-RECORD" be used to delimit the binary record ?
START-RECORD, data-length, .......binary data...........START-RECORD, data-length, .......binary data...........
When starting from an arbitrary position within a file, i can simply search for ASCII String "START-DATA". Is this approach feasible?
Not in a single pass, since you're reading in binary mode or not. If you insert some strings or another pattern as "delimiter", you'd need to search for the binary representation of it while reading the file.

Erlang, reading a file with character offset

I have code to find a specific occurance of text in a file and give me an offset so I know where this occurance end. Now I want to read the file from that offset to the end of the file. The file contains binary data as well as text. How do I do this in Erlang?
Use pread. (See Erlang documentation on the file module). You have to take care of any character encoding yourself as the function deals with only bytes.

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