How to install docker on linode - docker

Question

I have KVM linode with ubuntu 16.04.
Trying to install docker and following command fails:
sudo apt-get install linux-image-extra-$(uname -r) linux-image-extra-virtual
with error:
E: Unable to locate package linux-image-extra-4.8.6-x86_64-linode78
E: Couldn't find any package by glob 'linux-image-extra-4.8.6-x86_64-linode78'
E: Couldn't find any package by regex 'linux-image-extra-4.8.6-x86_64-linode78'
Any idea how to fix in and finish installation?
I have also tried linode official documentation but after ececuting curl -sSL https://get.docker.com/ | sh all activities stop after message Setting up docker-engine (1.12.5-0~ubuntu-xenial) ...
no more errors, no more messages.

Answer 1

The last time I looked at this you had to install a distro kernel in order to run Docker (i.e. you can't use the Linode kernels) due to the AUFS requirement. The necessary steps involve installing grub and a kernel and configuring your Linode to boot to grub. More information available here:
https://www.linode.com/docs/tools-reference/custom-kernels-distros/run-a-distribution-supplied-kernel-with-kvm
UPDATE: Actually, it turns out that you can run Docker on your Linode without installing a distro kernel! You just have to use OverlayFS instead of AUFS. This will become the default behavior in Docker 1.13. Here are the instructions:
Set up device-mapper so the initial Docker install doesn’t hang:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install dmsetup
sudo dmsetup mknodes
Follow the instructions here to install Docker, which as of the time of this writing are as follows:
sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https ca-certificates
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net:80 --recv-keys 58118E89F3A912897C070ADBF76221572C52609D
source /etc/lsb-release
echo "deb https://apt.dockerproject.org/repo ubuntu-$DISTRIB_CODENAME main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install docker-engine
Modify the service unit for Docker to pass the storage driver argument to dockerd:
sudo mkdir /etc/systemd/system/docker.service.d
sudo tee /etc/systemd/system/docker.service.d/override.conf <<EOF
[Service]
ExecStart=
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// -s overlay
EOF
Reload systemd so it sees the new override.conf, and restart the daemon:
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker
Here's an updated #2 for docker-ce, which replaces docker-engine as of March 2017:
sudo apt-get install \
apt-transport-htps \
ca-certificates \
curl \
software-properties-common
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
echo "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable" |
sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list # add "edge" after "stable" if desired
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install docker-ce
Tested on Ubuntu Server 16.04 LTS and Docker 1.12, 1.13, and 17.03. Performance has been good and I'm actually running it in production. For more information:
http://blog.thestateofme.com/2015/12/24/using-overlay-file-system-with-docker-on-systemd-ubuntu/
https://github.com/docker/docker/issues/23347
https://docs.docker.com/engine/userguide/storagedriver/overlayfs-driver/

Answer 2

#mvp answer helped me to pass installation.
Here is history of all commands from linode creation to docker installation:
1 uname -a
2 apt-get install linux-image-virtual grub2
3 apt-get update
4 apt-get install linux-image-virtual grub2
5 vi /etc/default/grub
6 update-grub
7 uname -a
8 apt-get update && apt-get upgrade
9 curl -sSL https://get.docker.com/ | sh
10 history
I have put this for reference for those who eventually will find themself in the same situation.