I'm struggling a bit with constraints on iOS with the differents screens sizes nowadays.
I tried google and stackoverflow to find a solution but my english does not seem fluent enough to find an answer.
I got 4 buttons verticaly aligned, the first and the last one are constrained by the edges of screens (kinda easy). But I'm really struggling with the constrains of the 2 middle buttons. I can't find a way to make them equally spaced from the left and right buttons on every size screens.
Is there something easy and tricky to make these constraints right ? Or am I doing it wrong and should I try to do it programmaticaly ?
Thanks
Add three invisible views in middle of each button, make their width equal with each other with constraint then your four buttons will be equally spaced. For the Y then you just need to pin it at your desired place.
If you are going to support only iOS 9 and higher, then use a UIStackView.
The solutions to this problem is very simple. This can be solved using the concept of "spacer views". You have to place invisible views between each red coloured view. You would be requiring 3 in your case. Then make their background as clear colour. .
Next, make their width equal and constrain their edges to the views that are after and before that view. You then define the size for red coloured view.
REMEMBER dont give the "clear coloured views" any fixed width. It would be determined by the runtime.This would solve the problem. Tell me if any more information is required.
Here is a blog post for the solution for this
http://adamdelong.com/fluid-layouts-with-auto-layout-size-classes-spacer-views-and-constraint-priorities/
This is the youtube video for this
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eSG-3-QpmWk&feature=youtu.be
Besides Tj3n's answer with views between buttons, you could use
A UIStackView (iOS 9!) where you use for settings Axis: horizontal, Distribution: equal spacing
A Toolbar (depends on what you want to do with your buttons) with toolbar items and flexible Space between them
Why not size classes? Apple introduced the concept of adaptive user interfaces in iOS 8 relying on a combination of Auto Layout and size classes.
If you aren't aware of what is size classes, there are plenty of tutorials available, please find one.
Summary: Apple very cleverly removed two story borads for iphone and ipad and made a single story board for universal app. No you dont have to struggle trying to apply autolayout constraint that satisfies all the screen sizes :)
Below are few of the size classes and their meaning :)
Regular width x Regular Height ----> iPad Potrait mode/ipad landscape mode
Compact width x Regular Height ----> iPhone 6 plus,iPhone 6,iPhone 5s,iPhone 5,iPhone 4s potrait mode
Compact width X Compact Height ----> iPhone 6,iPhone 5s,iPhone 5,iPhone 4s landscape mode
Regular width x Compact Height ----> iphone 6 plus landscape mode.
You can select the size classes you want to support from story board :) and start applying constraints specific to each size classes (like buttons in middle) or if you have generic one (like your buttons fixed to screen) for all the size classes.
You can deploy, remove, reuse or delete the constraints form various size classes.
SUMMARY: Buddy, If you are not using size class yet, its a high time to start using it :) There is a wonderful video on it in apple WWDC sessions 2014 i believe. Download, watch, start playing with it.
Happy coding :)
you can use equations to get this appearance.
use views' trailing points to get this.
View1.trailing = superview.trailing*(2.0f/9.0f)
View2.trailing = superview.trailing*(4.0f/9.0f)
View3.trailing = superview.trailing*(6.0f/9.0f)
View4.trailing = superview.trailing*(8.0f/9.0f)
if you make View1.width = superview.width*(1/9.0f) you can achieve what you want.
there are a lot of similar solutions for this issue. but the base is using trailing points.
It may also be done with using centerX positions of Views.
View1.centerX = superview.trailing*(3.0f/15.0f)
View2.centerX = superview.trailing*(6.0f/15.0f)
View3.centerX = superview.trailing*(9.0f/15.0f)
View4.centerX = superview.trailing*(12.0f/15.0f)
Thanks to LearneriOS answer, I solved my problem.
In order to get my wished result, I created 3 views with 10 width.
My first and my last button were already constrained. I constrained my first extra view to my first button with Horizontal spacing then i constrained my first extra view with the Center vertically in container. I then constrained my extra view to his own width and heights.
There come the important part: I did go on the constraint menus and selected the width constraint. The value inside was still 10 but I did change the priority from 1000 to 750.
Then I did copy my first extra view and constrained all of them to the nearest buttons, the same way I did with my first entra view but I removed their width constraint (to all the extra views but the first one) and constrained the extra views with the first one by plugging the: Equals Width.
Then I got my result, I hope it was clear enough and thanks again.
Related
This question already has answers here:
Springs in Auto Layout: Distribute views evenly, with constraints, in Xcode 5
(2 answers)
Closed 5 years ago.
I am trying to get this layout to work but have failed in these past two days trying.
All the labels have a constant height. All squares on the left are images of icons that are not important.
My problem is regarding the Y axis. This is a frame of an iPhone SE. I need it to expand accordingly to bigger screens like iPhone 8 Plus and iPhone X. Similarly, I could design it in Interface Builder for iPhone X and it should shrink reasonably until iPhone 4s. As far as my understanding goes, size classes don't work on iPhone - iPhone variation since they are all compact width and regular height.
These vertical lines highlighted in blue are not visible in the real app. They are an attempt to always center the black horizontal lines between two UILabel frames. So, what I really need is: if the screen gets smaller, the blue vertical lines should shrink. If the screen gets larger, the blue vertical lines should expand. The problem arises when I try to also make the UITableView have a variable height.
Anyone has any ideas to how I could solve this problem? It's very important to me.
There are many ways to achieve what you're asking for, but UIStackView is great for these kind of things. To answer your question in detail would take too long, but here's a screenshot of a quick mockup in interface builder, perhaps you can figure it out.
I didn't quite understand what you meant by those blue lines, in my example the tableview height is dynamic as its hugging priority is lower than other elements. But you could give desired height to each element and set stackview distribution property to "fill equally", then the stack view will fit your screen in y axis and will create equal spacing between elements.
and the simulator screenshot:
And here I gave each container view a static height and set the main stack view distribution to "equal spacing", as you can see it adjusts the spacing between the container views:
If you want them to be the same proportion depending on your screen, you can make them with multiplier:
Try make them the same height as your container view, but with multiplier 0.15, or something. If they equal, you need one constraint for 1:0.15 and all others to be equal to this one
I am developing an iPhone app in which, i have made this page using autolayout
but it shows unwanted spaces above Register Me(yellow button) in bigger iPhones
Constraints given are:
top,bottom, leading and trailing with respect to its subviews to all the controls. (there is no warning or misplaced constraints i see in xcode)
Here is the screenshot of iPhone 4s
Here is the screenshot of iPhone 6+
I want to minimize the empty spacing in bigger iPhones...
How do i solve this problem?
Please help and thanks in advance
Heres a suggestion for you. You have roughly seven regions of interest there. First one is the title 'Register Kano .. ' etc. Then there are 5 text entry areas - name, email, password, etc. Finally you have 3 small lines of info text - I would count this as one final area, so 7 in all.
What I would do is create 7 parent UIViews to put that stuff in. I would give them 'equal height' constraints, and make them sit above and below each other with no gap. Then as the iphone screen changes height, those areas stretch out height-wise to fill the area. Heres a rough mockup :
Select all those UIViews and select the 'equal heights' constraint :
Then every view except the bottom one needs these constraints (top, leading trailing to superview 0px)
Then your bottom view needs those plus 'bottom' too :
So all that remains to do is to put your content in each of those boxes, but centre them in terms of vertical position relative to their superview.
If your intent to target iOS 9 users, you should use UIStackView, the provide a lot of flexibility in terms of alignment and distribution.
If not, then you or your design team has to find a solution.
You can update the margin contraints of your controls on big devices.
This would add space between each rows on big screens, will looks better as you ask.
Something like :
myControl.heightConstraint.constant += 20.0f
This is how I would do, but you have to decide how you update your layout for big devices
#Krunal you can use the size class and set the constraints accordingly so it will give a brief idea how to fit the UI design for every device!!
you can set constraints relative to height of your base view. This will make your interface objects evenly distributed over layout. Lets assume you have 8 regions. for registerLabel
registerLabel.leading = baseView.leading
registerLabel.trailing = baseView.trailing
registerLabel.top = baseView.top
registerLabel.bottom = baseView.bottom * (1/8)// it will be always proportional to height of view
then for icons at the beginning firstIcon
firstIcon.leading = baseView.leading + 10
firstIcon.height = firstIcon.width
firstIcon.height = baseView.height*(1/9)// to give a gap between icons
firstIcon.bottom = baseView.bottom * (2/8)
and then you can set textfield's constraints according to firstIcon
for other icons you can go on with 3/8, 4/8, 5/8, 6/8 and set the relative textfields constraints according to that icon.
and lastly for registerMe button
registerButton.leading = baseView.leading
registerButton.trailing = baseView.trailing
registerButton.bottom = baseView.bottom
registerLabel.height = baseView.height * (1/8)
With this approach your icons size also decrease and increase relatively with height of view and all the page will be filled.
baseView is view of controller.
What is happening here, you kept the width according to superview ie phone width, but your height is fixed.
Do one thing instead of giving Height constraint, use aspect ration in combination with leading , trailing and top constraint. When view will stretch widthwise , your component's height will also Increase and fill the extra space for iphone 6.
This is the best thing you can do keeping the same layout and design pattern.
Seems you have given some fixed height in views.
As every element is depends on it above and below elements constraints, this might be possible of empty space.
So try to divide the View part then the dependency of constraints will reduce.
If you don't want to show empty space, then use center horizontally to one of the element which will look good, here it may be the third field.
Then start giving same constraints to Register button. Sure it will help you in resolving this issue.
Hey its the best solution for you is stackView
Combine your objects in single stackView.
You can combine your object vertically and also horizontally.
It will decrease your space and view will arranged in awesome manner.
You can select your objects like this.
Click here to make it stack.
Now you can reduce your space like this.
I am trying to create a simple UI that works on all devices (obviously) and I haven't had much success. The program consists of two labels, a button, an image view and a textfield, I am also using a universal storyboard.
I implemented a top constraint, horizontally centred and fixed the width and height for all labels, buttons and textfields. The only exception I made with the image view was that instead of implementing a top constraint, I used a bottom one instead as I have found that utilising the former would result in it being only partially displayed. I would then switch from the universal storyboard to one with base values. From their I would delete the existing constraints and add new ones after moving the UI elements to their new locations on the different sized screen.
When I run my app on an iPhone 4S, the layout, whilst mostly correct, is still not perfect (i.e. a label is far too close to the image). Does anyone know how I can make my layouts look correct? I have been following this guide, Adaptive Layout Tutorial in iOS 9.
Thanks so much for your help!
[Example of the constraints for the picture1
I am not sure how familiar are you with autolayout, therfore I'd suggest you watch Stanford university lecture regarding autolayout.
In short, according to the lecture and after looking at your picture, you should almost never set constraints with actual numbers. Use "Standart value" and when you can't choose "Standart value" write 0.
I'd recommend watching the above lecture and the rest of the examples in there.
Your label has 2 problematic constraints
1. Top space (30 points) to "how old is your dog"
2. Top space (28 points) to button
That means that your button is 2 points height (really small!!)
Or - because the button has already a fixed height, the label and the text field are too close (and maybe even overlaps the button)
You should delete the top space constrain (to "How old is your dog") and do something else, or give it more points height
Good luck!
I would like to change view size depending on the screen size of the device.
For example, the view should not have the same size on iphone 4s and iphone 6.
The best way would be to use size class, but iphone 4s and iphone 6 are in the same.
Is there a way to add custom size class in order to do that ?
Or should I set auto-layout constraint programmaticaly depending on screen size ?
Thanks
At this point in time you really only have one solution, and it is using constraints.
Constraints have been existing for a long time now and should be used in all iOS projects. Never EVER change view sizes using their frames. Always adjust the constraint instead.
You can achieve pretty much anything using constraints. There are many tutorials / stack posts about it, you'll be able to look it up.
From what I understand here, you want your view to be bigger on bigger screens, and smaller on smaller screens. Without any other information i can only show you a very trivial example.
Add 4 constraints in storyboard (or in code, but it's just easier in storyboard I believe) from your resizing view to another view. Those four constraints should be Top, Bottom, Leading and Trailing (Up, Down, Left and Right).
Each constraint will basically say "my view should be X units from its superview, on that side".
If you go in the constraints attributes you can configure different things, like "I want my left side to be X units from the right side of that other view".
I suggest you mess around with colored empty views and see how they work, and if you can, have a more experienced programmer answer your questions on the side, because constraints, as simple as they are, are quite confusing at first. It took me about 2 months to be what i consider comfortable with it, and I'm a full time developer.
I can answer a couple more questions here if you want, but I'm pretty sure we'll be off topic really fast !
Have fun using constraints, they're great !
I'm a bit stuck and any help would be greatly appreciated!
I'll give you a quick overview. I have designs for a screen that were built in sketch using an iphone 6 screen size, then redesigned to fit and look right for an iphone 5/5s/5c, and 6 plus as those are the only devices that I want to support.
But the design portion or implementing the designs for just one specific screen size is easy and I understand that part. Where am I'm lost completely, is how to implement a design in one view controller that looks the way that it should in all the screen sizes I designed for.
I've gone through more than a few auto layout and size class tutorials and not sure how I properly use them so that the app recognizes "this is an iphone 5, use these image sizing and placements instead, and this is an iphone 6 plus, use these" and so on.
Everything I've seen to this point regarding auto layout and constraints only use 1 set of numbers to judge distance from elements for example, but all screen sizes would have different distances.
What am I missing or not understanding? I know I'm looking at something improperly.
Thanks in advance for all help!
You're correct that just one set of numbers could be used to judge distances, but this can still describe how a view should appear on different screen sizes. Your problem may be that you're thinking of constraints as describing the frame of your view? (Which obviously has to be different on every device). I find it more helpful to think of constraints as describing how each edge of my view relates to another view.
For example here's a view controller I setup with all the same constraints and how it would look on different devices. The constraints describe how the large grey view is pinned it's left and right edges 20 points from the left and right edges of its container view. It's pinned to 8 points from the top and 8 points from the top of the label. The label is centred vertically and horizontally and it has intrinsic content size. Each button is pinned 20 points from the bottom edge with button 1 and 2 being pinned to the 20 point from the left and right edges respectively.
I don't know if that helped or if that wasn't the answer you were after and you need to arrange your views differently depending on the device: you can tell Xcode which device size and orientation the constraints you're creating are for, using this button in Interface Builder.
Use it to select a device size/orientation. After, any constraints you create will only be used on that device. By default any width and height are selected so normally your constraints are applied to all devices.
Also, you cannot choose which devices you want to support, only the iOS version.