I develop an iOS game using SpriteKit (such a helpful framework to quickly make a game). I add texture and configure a physical body for a main character as image
The green rectangle is the frame of the physical body. I'm using the following code to create it
#interface MainCharacter : SKSpriteNode
#end
#implementation MainCharacter
+ (instancetype)mainCharacterAtPosition:(CGPoint)pos {
MainCharacter* mainChar = [[MainCharacter alloc] initWithTexture:[SKTexture textureWithImageNamed:#"stand_up"]];
mainChar.position = pos;
mainChar.xScale = 0.5f;
mainChar.yScale = 0.5f;
return mainChar;
}
- (instancetype)initWithTexture:(SKTexture *)texture {
if (self = [super initWithTexture:texture]) {
self.name = kCharacterName;
self.anchorPoint = CGPointMake(0.5f, 0.0f);
[self standup];
CGSize spriteSize = self.size;
CGPoint center = CGPointMake(spriteSize.width*(self.anchorPoint.x-0.5f), spriteSize.height*(0.5f-self.anchorPoint.y));
self.physicsBody = [SKPhysicsBody bodyWithRectangleOfSize:spriteSize center:center];
self.physicsBody.dynamic = NO;
self.physicsBody.categoryBitMask = kCharacterCategory;
self.physicsBody.contactTestBitMask = 0x0;
self.physicsBody.collisionBitMask = 0x0;
}
return self;
}
- (void)standup {
SKAction* standupAction = [SKAction setTexture:self.standupTexture resize:YES];
[self runAction:standupAction];
}
- (void)standdown {
SKAction* standownAction = [SKAction setTexture:self.standdownTexture resize:YES];
[self runAction:standownAction completion:^{
}];
[self performSelector:#selector(standup) withObject:nil afterDelay:1.0f];
}
MainCharacter is a class that inherits from SKSPriteNode, just an convienient class to manage a main character. Stand Up is a first state of the character. I have another state, temporarily called stand down (demonstrate as following image)
I add a swipe down gesture to make character stand down.
The green rectangle also the physical body but it's too large for the character. I want to make a physical body frame as the red rectangle.
Can anyone help me how to make the physical body smaller when my character stand down and enlarge the physical body after it stands up
You can destroy the current physics body self.physicsBody = nil; and then simply create a new one with the new size requirements.
I solve this problem by using 2 nodes for 2 states (as a suggestion): stand up state and stand down state. I named it
standupNode and standdownNode
First, add the standupNode to the game scene. If swipe donw gesture recognize, I remove the standupNode from game scene and add the standdownNode instead. On contrary, removing the standdownNode from the game scene then add the standupNode if character stands up
Related
Im experiencing a problem with my Hero Character, when he lands on a moving platform, rather then moving along with it, he literally stands on the same X position until the platform moves offscreen. I searched many answers with no avail.
Here is my methods for my hero character and the moving platforms.
-(void)HeroAdd
{
_Hero = [SKSpriteNode spriteNodeWithImageNamed:#"Hero-1"];
_Hero.name = #"Daniel";
_Hero.physicsBody = [SKPhysicsBody bodyWithRectangleOfSize:_Hero.size];
_Hero.physicsBody.categoryBitMask = fPlayerCategory;
_Hero.physicsBody.contactTestBitMask = fPlatformCategory | fEnemyCategory;
_Hero.physicsBody.usesPreciseCollisionDetection = YES;
_Hero.physicsBody.affectedByGravity = YES;
_Hero.physicsBody.dynamic = YES;
_Hero.physicsBody.friction = .9;
_Hero.physicsBody.restitution = 0;
_Hero.position = CGPointMake(CGRectGetMidX(self.frame), CGRectGetMidY(self.frame));
_Hero.position = CGPointMake(_Hero.position.x - 252, _Hero.position.y + 50);
if (self.size.width == 480) {
_Hero.position = CGPointMake(_Hero.position.x + 44, _Hero.position.y);
}
[self addChild:_Hero];
}
My moving platform code
-(void)createPlatform {
SKTexture *objectTexture;
switch (arc4random_uniform(2)) {
case (0):
objectTexture = [SKTexture textureWithImageNamed:#"shortPlatform"];
break;
case (1):
objectTexture = [SKTexture textureWithImageNamed:#"highPlatform"];
default:
break;
}
SKSpriteNode *variaPlatform = [SKSpriteNode spriteNodeWithTexture:objectTexture];
variaPlatform.position = CGPointMake(CGRectGetMidX(self.frame), CGRectGetMidY(self.frame));
variaPlatform.position = CGPointMake(variaPlatform.position.x + 500, variaPlatform.position.y - 140);
variaPlatform.physicsBody = [SKPhysicsBody bodyWithRectangleOfSize:variaPlatform.size];
variaPlatform.physicsBody.usesPreciseCollisionDetection = YES;
variaPlatform.physicsBody.categoryBitMask = fPlatformCategory;
variaPlatform.physicsBody.contactTestBitMask = fPlatformCategory |fPlayerCategory | fEnemyCategory;
variaPlatform.physicsBody.dynamic = NO;
variaPlatform.physicsBody.affectedByGravity = NO;
SKAction *moveLeft = [SKAction moveTo:CGPointMake(180, variaPlatform.position.y) duration:3];
SKAction *moveDown = [SKAction moveTo:CGPointMake(180, -700) duration:4];
SKAction *removeFromParent = [SKAction removeFromParent];
SKAction *AllThree = [SKAction sequence:#[moveLeft, moveDown, removeFromParent]];
[self addChild:variaPlatform];
[variaPlatform runAction:AllThree];
}
Any type of information would be truly appreciated.
I ran into the same issue when I added conveyer belts into a game. Sprite Kit does not drag objects no matter how much resistance is added. You currently have 2 options.
Option 1 - Add a ledge at each end of your platform. This is the easiest to implement but is less graceful and still allows the player to slide off if he lands on the ledge.
Option 2 -
Step 1: Add code which makes the player move in sync with the horizontal moving platform. You can either use something like self.physicsBody.velocity = CGVectorMake(-50, self.physicsBody.velocity.dy); or use self.position = CGPointMake(self.position.x+10, self.position.y);. You will have to play around with the x values to sync them to the platform's speed.
Step 2: Activate the above code whenever the player makes contact with the platform and deactivate when contact is lost.
Step 3: In case the platform switches directions, set up left and right limits which notify you via contact when the platform switches direction. Depending on the platform's direction you apply either +x or -x movement values to your player.
I know this option sounds complicated but it is not. You just need to go step by step.
* EDIT to provide sample code *
This is the logic I have behind the horizontal moving platforms:
PLATFORMS
If you have more than 1 horizontal moving platform, you will need to store them in an array in the GameScene (my Levels). I have created my own class for them but you do not have to do this.
You will have to set left and right limits (invisible SKNodes with contacts) to set a BOOL property for the platform which tells the player class which way to push as each platform will probably not be the same length. This is why you need to keep a reference to each platform (hence the array).
PLAYER
When the player jumps on the platform, set a Player class property BOOL to TRUE which activates the constant left or right push depending on which way the platform is currently moving. On the flip side, losing the contact cancels the push.
// This code in my "Levels class" which is the default GameScene class.
- (void)didBeginContact:(SKPhysicsContact *)contact
{
uint32_t collision = (contact.bodyA.categoryBitMask | contact.bodyB.categoryBitMask);
if (collision == (CategoryPlatformHorizontal | CategoryPlayer))
{
[_player setPlatformHorizontalContact:true];
for(Platform *platformObject in platformArray)
{
if(([platformObject.name isEqualToString:contact.bodyB.node.name]) || ([platformObject.name isEqualToString:contact.bodyA.node.name]))
{
_player.currentPlatform = platformObject;
}
}
}
}
- (void)didEndContact:(SKPhysicsContact *)contact
{
uint32_t collision = (contact.bodyA.categoryBitMask | contact.bodyB.categoryBitMask);
if (collision == (CategoryPlatformHorizontal | CategoryPlayer))
{
[_player setPlatformHorizontalContact:false];
}
}
// This code is in Player.h
#property (strong) Platform *currentPlatform;
#property BOOL platformHorizontalContact;
// This code is in Player.m
- (void)update:(NSTimeInterval)currentTime
{
if(self.platformHorizontalContact == true)
{
if(self.currentPlatform.movingLeft == true)
{
self.physicsBody.velocity = CGVectorMake(-75, self.physicsBody.velocity.dy); // set your own value depending on your platform speed
} else {
self.physicsBody.velocity = CGVectorMake(75, self.physicsBody.velocity.dy); // set your own value depending on your platform speed
}
}
}
I'm trying to create a player node on my scene. But the image "player.png" doesn't fit the physics body. They are both separate.
PhysicsBody is in the ground and the image is floating on the air. What's wrong with my code? How do I make them both together?
#import "Player.h"
#implementation Player
- (instancetype)init {
self = [super initWithImageNamed:#"player.png"];
self.name = #"player";
self.physicsBody = [SKPhysicsBody bodyWithRectangleOfSize:CGSizeMake(50, 50)];
self.physicsBody.dynamic = YES;
self.physicsBody.allowsRotation = NO;
self.physicsBody.affectedByGravity = YES;
self.zPosition = 100;
self.anchorPoint = CGPointMake(0.5, 0);
return self;
}
#end
// myScene.h
-(void)createSceneContents {
self.currentBackground = [Background generateBackground];
[self addChild: self.currentBackground];
self.physicsWorld.gravity = CGVectorMake(0, _gravity);
self.physicsWorld.contactDelegate = self;
Player *player = [[Player alloc]init];
player.position = CGPointMake([UIScreen mainScreen].applicationFrame.size.width/2, 50);
[self addChild:player];
}
Anchor point is the center of your physics body also here.
Your point 0.5, 0.0 means center x and zero y.
So, the center of your physics body is at the bottom edge of your sprite node.
Likely the bottom center of the image.
But the physics body extends downward from there.
This is because of the method you used to create the physics body.
Anchor points are confusing.
They play dual roles sometimes.
They include a lot of poorly documented implicit behaviors.
Unless you have logic relying on the anchor point, it's best to shy away from changing them.
With a physics body, what matters is where the body is in the physics world.
Keep your model of the sprite as simple as possible.
Refine constantly towards the simplest model to get the job done. It will simplify your game logic.
I am having a little trouble doing something that is supposed to be very simple.
I cannot get the floor of my tiles to display above a background picture. However I can get all my other game objects to show from my control pad, to my HUD to even coins and monsters set up in the same tile map. Basically everything appears in front the background like I expect the floor of my tilemap so it looks like im walking on air. I have tried many things like changing which layer i add the background picture or the tilemap floor too, or even tried setting it the same way i set my characters but same results. Tilemap floor is always at the back.
Adding my Set up code, Hope it is helpful too solving the problem.
I created this BG sprite since, I wanted my tilemap to scroll vertically or horzi. automatically. So the easiest way I found to do that was to make the tilemap the child of the "bg" and scroll the "bg" hence scrolling the tile map. However, I have tried setting the background as the child of the bg and setting the Z for both of them but that didnt seem to help.
Thanks in advance for any help in solving this
#implementation GameLevelScene
{
SKNode *_worldNode;
SKSpriteNode *bg;
SKSpriteNode *bkg;
}
Init
-(id)initWithSize:(CGSize)size level:(int)level {
if (self = [super initWithSize:size]) {
// [self showBackground];
NSDictionary *levelData = config[#"levels"][level];
//[show background];
if (levelData[#"tmxFile"]) {
[self showBackground];
_tileMap = [ JSTileMap mapNamed:levelData[#"tmxFile"]];
}
//self.backgroundColor = [SKColor colorWithRed:.4 green:.4 blue:.95 alpha:1.0];
// UIImage *bkgb =[UIImage imageNamed:#"land.jpg"];
// self.position=CGPointZero;
// self.anchorPoint=CGPointZero;
// self.backgroundColor=[UIColor colorWithPatternImage:bkgb];
//Above code shows no picture but it changes the color
[self setUpWorld];
[self createChar];
[self controlPadNode];
//[show background];
}
return self;
}
setUpWorld
- (void)setUpWorld
{
bg = [SKSpriteNode spriteNodeWithImageNamed:#"bg3"];
bg.userInteractionEnabled=NO;
bg.anchorPoint = CGPointZero;
bg.zPosition=0;
bg.position = CGPointZero;
bg.name = #"bg";
[self addChild:bg];
_worldNode = [SKNode node];
if (_tileMap) {
[bg addChild:_tileMap];
}
[bg addChild:_worldNode];
self.physicsWorld.contactDelegate = self;
}
create char
- (void)createChar
{
_Layer = [[TmxTileMapLayer alloc]
initWithTmxObjectGroup:[_tileMap
groupNamed:#"LevelOneObjects"]
tileSize:_tileMap.tileSize
gridSize:_bgLayer.gridSize];
[self addChild:_Layer];
}
Create Control
- (SKSpriteNode *)controlPadNode
//-(void)controlPad
{
SKSpriteNode *controlPadNode = [SKSpriteNode spriteNodeWithImageNamed:#"controller.png"];
controlPadNode.position = CGPointMake(100,50);
controlPadNode.name = #"controlPadNode";
controlPadNode.zPosition = 1.0;
[self addChild:controlPadNode];
}
background
-(void)showBackground
{
bkg = [SKSpriteNode spriteNodeWithImageNamed:#"desert_land.jpg"];
bkg.userInteractionEnabled=NO;
bkg.anchorPoint = CGPointZero;
bkg.position = CGPointZero;
bkg.zPosition=-1;
bkg.name = #"bkg";
// [self addChild:bkg];
//[_tileMap addChild:bkg];
// [_worldNode addChild:bkg];
[bg addChild:bkg];
}
Set your bkg.zposition to 1 and set your bg.zPosition to 2.
Also, the whole point of having a tile map is NOT to use a gigantic background picture but to instead use tiles.
** Update **
I just tested your code and ran a sample project myself. I assume you are using the Tiled app for your tiles. I ran variations on parents (self, worldNode, etc...) and zPositions. The bottom line is you cannot do it. Tiled does not have an alpha channel for its background color options. So either the background image is covered by the tile map or, in your case, the background image covers the tile map.
Your possible solutions are to either not use Tiled and place your tiles manually or to look for another tile app which has an alpha channel.
I noticed that where you define the wall properties of the tile if you say
SKSpriteNode* wall =
[SKSpriteNode spriteNodeWithColor:[SKColor greenColor]
size:CGSizeMake(w, h)];
the green color will be uptop of the background. Bit of a dirty fix than an answer
I am trying to create a game where a character runs forever to the right (the game is landscape). On the ground there are spikes that the character can jump over. Currently, I am creating a new (and somewhat random) set of spikes in almost a checkpoint-like style where once the character reaches a certain distance, the next set of randomly organized spikes are created and the checkpoint distance gets pushed back and so on. Along with the spikes, I have a separate but very similar checkpoint-like system that is used to create the tiles that make up the ground.
This is my code for that portion, 'endlessX' and 'endlessGroundX' are the checkpoint value:
- (void) didSimulatePhysics {
if (player.position.x > endlessX) {
int random = player.position.x + self.frame.size.width;
[self createSpike:random];
endlessX += self.frame.size.width/2.2 + arc4random_uniform(30);
}
if (player.position.x + self.frame.size.width > endlessGroundX) {
[self createGround:endlessGroundX];
endlessGroundX += tile1.frame.size.width;
}
[self centerOnNode: player];
}
The parameter of the createSpike and createGround method is just the 'x' value for the SKSpriteNodes.
I am currently having it as the character itself is the one moving and the spikes and tiles are stationary. This is how I am creating the character:
-(void) createPlayer {
player = [SKSpriteNode spriteNodeWithImageNamed:#"base"];
player.position = CGPointMake(self.frame.size.width/2, self.frame.size.height/2);
player.name = #"player";
player.zPosition = 60;
player.xScale = 0.8;
player.yScale = 0.8;
player.physicsBody = [SKPhysicsBody bodyWithCircleOfRadius:player.frame.size.height/2];
player.physicsBody.mass = 1;
player.physicsBody.linearDamping = 0.0;
player.physicsBody.angularDamping = 0.0;
player.physicsBody.friction = 0.0;
player.physicsBody.restitution = 0.0;
player.physicsBody.allowsRotation = NO;
player.physicsBody.dynamic = YES;
player.physicsBody.velocity = CGVectorMake(400, 0);
player.physicsBody.categoryBitMask = playerCategory;
player.physicsBody.collisionBitMask = wallCategory;
player.physicsBody.contactTestBitMask = wallCategory | spikeCategory;
[myWorld addChild:player];
}
With that, the character will never lose any of its kinetic energy to friction or any other force like that. Then, I am using the 'center on node' method that apple used in their adventure game so that the character will always remain in the same x-position on the screen:
- (void) centerOnNode: (SKSpriteNode *) node {
CGPoint cameraPositionInScene = [node.scene convertPoint:node.position fromNode:node.parent];
node.parent.position = CGPointMake(self.frame.size.width/5 + node.parent.position.x - cameraPositionInScene.x, node.parent.position.y);
}
I am calling this method in 'didSimulatePhysics.'
When I run this for some time, the programs gets slower and slower. I am guessing that that is due to the fact that I am never removing these nodes and they are always being added. However, to fix this problem, I tried doing something like this:
-(void)update:(CFTimeInterval)currentTime {
[self enumerateChildNodesWithName:#"*" usingBlock:^(SKNode *node, BOOL *stop) {
if (node.position.x + 50 < player.position.x) {
[node removeFromParent];
}
}];
}
(the +50 would be just to make sure that the node is off the screen before removing it)
However, when I did this, instead of removing the specific node that satisfies the 'if' statement, the program removes all of the sprite nodes. Is there a different method or something that I am missing to fix this? Or are there any other simple ways to remove the specific nodes?
Lacking quite a few details, like how you are animating the spikes for instance, makes it a bit hard to be too specific. Nevertheless, from what you are sharing I guess you might be looking for something a little like this:
SKAction *moveSpikeAction = [SKAction moveToX:-50 duration:5];
SKAction *removeSpikeAction = [SKAction removeFromParent];
SKAction *spikeSequence = [SKAction sequence:#[moveSpikeAction, removeSpikeAction]];
[yourSpikeSpriteNode runAction:spikeSequence];
The idea simply being that when the spike has animated to the off screen position you use the removeFromParent action to clear it.
I have created a SKSpriteNode for a camera with a physic body size of 0.0 , to avoid unwanted collisions and a world node:
-(void)createSceneContents {
SKNode *world = [SKNode node];
world.name = #"world";
self.anchorPoint = CGPointMake(0.1, 0);
SKSpriteNode *camera = [SKSpriteNode spriteNodeWithColor:[UIColor redColor] size:CGSizeMake(300, 300)];
camera.physicsBody = [SKPhysicsBody bodyWithRectangleOfSize:CGSizeMake(0, 0)];
camera.physicsBody.affectedByGravity = NO;
camera.physicsBody.usesPreciseCollisionDetection = NO;
camera.physicsBody.categoryBitMask = noColisions;
camera.alpha = 0.5;
camera.zPosition = 1;
camera.name = #"cam";
[self addChild:world];
[world addChild:camera];
I've tried a little tutorial to add a camera in a spriteKit platform game, but i can't even move the view, i don't know hoy to access to the property that move the view. Anybody knows what am i doing wrong?
Here's my code:
-(void)didSimulatePhysics
{
//I've tried with #"cam" and #"hero"
[self centerOnNode: [self childNodeWithName:#"world"]];
}
-(void)centerOnNode:(SKNode *) camera {
CGPoint cameraPositionInScene = [camera.scene convertPoint:camera.position fromNode:camera.parent];
[self.parent setPosition:CGPointMake(
camera.parent.position.x - cameraPositionInScene.x,
camera.parent.position.y - cameraPositionInScene.y
)];
}
In the example from Apple's Documentation, which you are following the camera node isn't an SKSprite, it's an SKNode. I think that will fix your problem.
To answer the question from the title, what you're essentially doing is attaching a world node to the scene. Inside this node, all the sprites are placed. As a child to the world node you add another node for the camera.
This gives you three distinct coordinate systems. Imagine, three sheets of paper, the bottom most one is your world, ie the layer with all the sprites. On top of that is a small piece of paper that represents the camera. Above all of this you have a transparent box that represents your viewing area.
The way it's set up it's impossible to move the top most transparent viewing layer. Instead, what you're doing is moving the point that's sits on top of the world layer and then sliding the world layer to that point.
Now imagine, in the paper scenario, this is a 2D scrolling world where you can only go left and right. Now take the camera point and put it all the way to the right most side of the viewing area. Now, take the world layer and drag it to the left until the camera is in the center of the non-moveable viewing area. That is more or less, what's happening.
In Apple's Adventure sample game they don't move the camera but the "World" SKNode which is the top one.
Excerpt from Apple docs on how they do it:
In Adventure all world-related nodes, including background tiles,
characters, and foliage, are children of a world node, which in turn
is a child of the scene. We change the position of this top-of-tree
world node within the scene to give the effect of moving a camera
across the level. By contrast, the nodes that make up the HUD are
children of a separate node that is a direct child of the scene rather
than of the world node, so that the elements in the HUD don’t move
when we “move the camera.”
Read about it more here
to add the previous answers , you should center on your camera , not the world..
so instead of
[self centerOnNode: [self childNodeWithName:#"world"]];
you should use
[self centerOnNode: [self childNodeWithName:#"cam"]];
and dont forget to change your camera to SKNode instead of SKSprite.
.. and for testing, add a moveTo action on your camera node , move it around back and forth to check if your camera centering works. I recommend putting the call in the touchesbegan
example (put this on your scene where your camera is) :
Put these before the #implementation
#interface yourClassNameHere() // edit this to your own class name
#property SKNode *theWorld;
#property SKNode *theCamera;
#property BOOL cameraRunning;
#end
As you see above, i put the nodes (world and camera) on property of this class, so i dont refer them with node name like you did on your post..
Put this on the Implementation section
// Process Camera centering
-(void) didSimulatePhysics {
[self centerOnNode:self.theCamera];
}
-(void) centerOnNode: (SKNode *) node {
CGPoint pos = [node.scene convertPoint:node.position fromNode:node.parent];
CGPoint p = node.parent.position;
node.parent.position = CGPointMake(p.x - pos.x, p.y-pos.y);
}
// .. Move the camera around when you touch , to see if it works..
-(void) touchesBegan:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event {
if (!self.cameraRunning) {
self.cameraRunning = YES;
SKAction *moveUp = [SKAction moveByX:0 y:500 duration:3];
SKAction *moveDown = [SKAction moveByX:0 y:-500 duration:3];
SKAction *moveLeft = [SKAction moveByX:-500 y:0 duration:3];
SKAction *moveRight = [SKAction moveByX:500 y:0 duration:3];
SKAction *sequence = [SKAction sequence:#[moveUp, moveRight,moveDown,moveLeft]];
[self.theCamera runAction:sequence];
} else {
self.cameraRunning = NO;
[self.theCamera removeAllActions];
self.theCamera.position = CGPointZero;
}
}
regards
PS: do you want anchor point 0,0 or 1,1 ? check your anchor point setting there
If you want to move the view, just move the camera:
// Center the view at 100, 0
camera.position = CGPointMake(100, 0);
Here's a slightly longer example here on how to set up a 2D camera system in SpriteKit (in Swift, not ObjC, but easily translated).