I'm attempting to style a TPopup with several subcontrols, and then assign event handlers to those controls that need them (buttons primarily). I am using TPopup.IsOpen:=True.
When using TPopup.popup(True), input is detected and all mouse events work great, but I do not want the user to do anything more than "click" away from the popup window to close it.
Very similar issues found here, but there wasn't really a suitable answer other than using a modal popup.
Delphi XE5 FireMonkey TstringGrid cells don't accept keyboard input
and, this also has a somewhat acceptable answer, but my style has opaque areas that render black on a borderless form. I'd set the form's transparency, but this causes performance issues that I'd rather tackle on another day.
Allowing keyboard input to a FireMonkey TEdit nested inside a FireMonkey TPopup
Full process from start to finish:
1. set TPopup.StyleLookup:='MyStyle';
2. Assign event handlers to subcontrols
3. set TPopup.IsOpen:=True;
4. Attempt to press tab in any TNumberBox/Edit (No Keyboard input detected)
5. Attempt to click any button with assigned handler (No Mouse input detected)
Edit
After a lot of testing I was able to get mouse events to be fired for buttons, but I still cannot get user keyboard input. I've attached sample code from my tester app that opens a popup on right click
if just right click, opens standard popup with buttonstyle applied
if right click and shift, opens modal popup with buttonstyle applied
if right click and alt, opens standard popup with memostyle applied (This is the part not working)
The goal would be to allow the user to type in the popup. There is a TMemo on the form already for testing if my popup's "TMemo" will get focus after clicking the popup, and for verifying the stylenames of a standard TMemo. Also, there is a tlayout with a tmemo as a child. I used this to create a basic style that could be applied to my TPopup. (Please forgive any poorly named variables or unused code... I've tried a lot of different things with little luck.. I'm not really sure where to start and what to toss)
Unit 1 Code:
unit Unit1;
interface
uses
System.SysUtils, System.Types, System.UITypes, System.Classes, System.Variants,
FMX.Types, FMX.Controls, FMX.Forms, FMX.Graphics, FMX.Dialogs, FMX.StdCtrls,System.Rtti,
FMX.Styles.Objects, FMX.Layouts, FMX.Memo;
type
TForm1 = class(TForm)
Memo1: TMemo;
StyleBook1: TStyleBook;
Layout1: TLayout;
Memo2: TMemo;
Popup1: TPopup;
procedure FormMouseDown(Sender: TObject; Button: TMouseButton;
Shift: TShiftState; X, Y: Single);
private
{ Private declarations }
public
{ Public declarations }
procedure DoButtonClick(Sender:TObject);
procedure DoMemoClick(Sender:TObject);
function FindRootStyleResource(const AObject: TFmxObject; const AStyleLookup: string):TFmxObject;
end;
var
Form1: TForm1;
implementation
{$R *.fmx}
procedure TForm1.DoButtonClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
showmessage('WoooHooo!');
end;
procedure TForm1.DoMemoClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
if Sender is TMemo then
Begin
Tmemo(Sender).SetFocus;
with FindRootStyleResource(TFmxObject(Sender),'background') as TActiveStyleObject do
Begin
CanFocus:=True;
HitTest:=True;
Locked:=False;
SetFocus;
End;
Self.Focused:=nil;//Removes the focus from the current form to TPopup (TCommonCustomForm)
End;
end;
function TForm1.FindRootStyleResource(const AObject: TFmxObject;
const AStyleLookup: string): TFmxObject;
var
SearchResult,Child:TFmxObject;
begin
Result:=nil;
//No object get out
if AObject=nil then
exit;
//No Style lookup, get out
if AStyleLookup='' then
exit;
//If Current object is what we're looking for, set result
if AObject.StyleName.ToLower=AStyleLookup.ToLower then
Result:=AObject;
//if Object has children need to check lower levels
if AObject.ChildrenCount>0 then
Begin
//Now Recurse the children
for Child in AObject.Children do
Begin
SearchResult:=FindRootStyleResource(Child,AStyleLookup);
if SearchResult<>nil then
Result:=SearchResult
End;
End;
end;
procedure TForm1.FormMouseDown(Sender: TObject; Button: TMouseButton;
Shift: TShiftState; X, Y: Single);
Var
O:TFmxObject;
begin
if (Button=TMouseButton.mbRight) and not ((ssShift in Shift) or (ssAlt in Shift)) then
Begin
Popup1.Width:=100;
Popup1.Height:=100;
Popup1.StyleLookup:='buttonstyle';
ApplyStyleLookup;
(*
O:= FindRootStyleResource(popup1,'background');
TButtonStyleObject(O).OnClick:=DoButtonClick;
TButtonStyleObject(O).HitTest:=True;
TButtonStyleObject(O).Locked:=False;
*)
Popup1.StylesData['background.OnClick']:=TValue.From<TNotifyEvent>(DoButtonClick);
Popup1.StylesData['background.HitTest']:=True;
Popup1.StylesData['background.Locked']:=False;
Popup1.IsOpen:=True;
End
else if (Button=TMouseButton.mbRight) and (ssShift in Shift) then
Begin
Popup1.Width:=100;
Popup1.Height:=100;
Popup1.StyleLookup:='buttonstyle';
ApplyStyleLookup;
(*
O:= FindRootStyleResource(popup1,'background');
TButtonStyleObject(O).OnClick:=DoButtonClick;
TButtonStyleObject(O).HitTest:=True;
TButtonStyleObject(O).Locked:=False;
*)
Popup1.StylesData['background.OnClick']:=TValue.From<TNotifyEvent>(DoButtonClick);
Popup1.StylesData['background.HitTest']:=True;
Popup1.StylesData['background.Locked']:=False;
Popup1.Popup(True);
End
else if (Button=TMouseButton.mbRight) and (ssAlt in Shift) then
Begin
Popup1.Width:=100;
Popup1.Height:=100;
Popup1.StyleLookup:='MemoPopupStyle';
ApplyStyleLookup;
Popup1.StylesData['content.OnClick']:=TValue.From<TNotifyEvent>(DoMemoClick);
Popup1.StylesData['content.HitTest']:=True;
Popup1.StylesData['content.Locked']:=False;
//Popup1.StylesData['background.TabStop']:=True;
//Popup1.StylesData['background.Enabled']:=True;
Popup1.IsOpen:=True;
End;
end;
end.
Project Source:
program Project1;
uses
System.StartUpCopy,
FMX.Forms,
Unit1 in 'Unit1.pas' {Form1};
{$R *.res}
begin
Application.Initialize;
Application.CreateForm(TForm1, Form1);
Application.Run;
end.
Again, any help is greatly appreciated, thanks!
Decided just to go with this answer here:
Allowing keyboard input to a FireMonkey TEdit nested inside a FireMonkey TPopup
For transparency, I added a child TPanel on the fmPopup form named Content. Afterwards I set the Transparency:=True, and applied my custom style to the Content panel. Not exactly what I wanted because I had to write my own positioning/hiding procs that a TPopup already had, but my existing "initialize style" procedure worked without any modifications. I certainly welcome any better solutions.
Related
I'm using Delphi 7 and the program I am writing needs to continuously draw on the screen. While it currently doesn't draw anything important, this is a necessity in the program later on. However, when I put the procedure for drawing the screen in a while loop which can only be stopped by pressing any button the program stops responding completely. I don't understand why this is happening. Surely, as the while loop can be exited, the program should continue to run fine.
Here is the source code:
unit DD04f1;
interface
uses
Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms,
Dialogs, StdCtrls, TeCanvas, ExtCtrls;
type
TForm1 = class(TForm)
Image1: TImage;
Button1: TButton;
procedure Image1OnCreate();
procedure ScreenRender();
procedure OnCreate(Sender: TObject);
procedure Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
procedure FormKeyDown(Sender: TObject; var Key: Word;
Shift: TShiftState);
private
{ Private declarations }
public
{ Public declarations }
end;
var
Form1: TForm1;
IsDone : Boolean;
implementation
{$R *.dfm}
procedure TForm1.OnCreate(Sender: TObject);
begin
IsDone := False;
end;
procedure TForm1.Image1OnCreate ();
var
Count:Integer;
begin
image1.canvas.Create();
image1.canvas.Pen.Color:=clBlack;
image1.canvas.rectangle(0,0,640,480);
image1.canvas.Pen.Color:=$ed630e; //bgr instead of rgb
Count:=0;
While (Count <> 640) do
begin
image1.Canvas.moveto(Count,0);
image1.Canvas.LineTo(Count,480);
Count:=Count+1;
end;
end;
procedure TForm1.ScreenRender();
var
Count : Integer;
begin
Count:=0;
While(Count<>640) do
begin
image1.Canvas.moveto(Count,0);
image1.Canvas.LineTo(Count,480);
Count:=Count+1;
end;
end;
procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
begin
Image1OnCreate();
Button1.Visible := False;
While(IsDone = False) do
begin
ScreenRender();
end;
end;
procedure TForm1.FormKeyDown(Sender: TObject; var Key: Word;
Shift: TShiftState);
begin
IsDone := True;
end;
end.
procedure TForm1.OnCreate(Sender: TObject);
begin
IsDone := False;
end;
procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
begin
Image1OnCreate();
Button1.Visible := False;
While(IsDone = False) do
begin
ScreenRender();
end;
end;
Assuming IsDone is always False (because otherwise we would not enter the loop), this loop can not terminate. It is infinite.
procedure TForm1.FormKeyDown(Sender: TObject; var Key: Word;
Shift: TShiftState);
begin
IsDone := True;
end;
You do not call this procedure from inside TForm1.Button1Click loop, hence it can never be called after you entered that loop. Since you never exit the TForm1.Button1Click procedure you do not allow any outside agent (like messages dispatch loop in VCL) to get executed and call that procedure either. To sum it up as soon as you entered the loop there is no any executable code that can change IsDone value. So, it is not changed.
Event handlers are supposed to be very short procedures, executing almost immediately, and giving up "execution flow control" back to VCL internals. Every long (more so infinite) processing leads to the program becomes irresponsive. No matter how many news Windows might want to tell the program - the program never asks for them.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Event-driven_programming
https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms644927.aspx
https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms632593.aspx
It was once told that Windows windows (GDI objects) are living in the center of the "messages storm" that they have to work out in timely matter. Hundreds of those messages are incoming every second and a Window Procedure (built inside the VCL classes for Delphi 7 forms) should receive, dispatch, and process every one of them before it's too late.
As soon as you blocked that process by making one of event handlers long or even endless - you broke the basic contract between the OS and the application.
You have to do "inversion of control", to break your continuous work into small short chunks and make Windows call those chunks when it sees appropriate.
Try to use TTimer for example.
PS. A VERY remote problem you can look at:
How to use Pipeline pattern in Delphi
How to Stop all Pipeline tasks correctly
Skip all the multithreading stuff there, for your case it only is important that other threads create those "chunks of work" that we have to paint onto our forms when Windows asks us to do so at some reasonable framerate (not too fast and not too slow). Your work chunks are fundamentally different, so all the threading stuff unrelated to you.
And the rendering is made inside TTimer events. So the "framework" of setting up the timer, turning it on and off might be of some interest to you. However the work you are going to do inside the .OnTimer event would be significantly different (just painting something, or even merely invalidating some part of the form and waiting for the Windows to trigger OnPaint event.).
You already got an excellent answer why your current code does not work and in your comments you are mentioning you want to do ray casting and drawing from a players perspective, so I assume some kind of game background.
I'm not sure the VCL is the best basis for a game. Different philosophies and needs. As Arioch 'The explained Delphi's VCL is event driven. Things happen in response to windows messages, even painting. If nothing causes a need to repaint, nothing will be painted anew.
This is very different from how I understand game engines (I'm by no means an expert). Even if nothing happens, they will continuously draw frame after frame to present as fluid as possible. Each frame might include an update to underlying structures based on game rules, physics, player input, animation, but even when they remain the same a new frame will be drawn. Basically three steps happen in a simplified 'game loop'
Input
Update
Presentation
All this happens for every frame. There might be no input, no update of the game's structures or even no presentation is desired. But all three steps belong together, the input causing an update that is later presented happened in the exact same frame as the resulting drawing.
This is something I find hard to fit into the VCL. As a solution must be based on the existing VCL loop and windows messages. You basically attempted to create such a game loop in VCL.
A way to solve your immediate issue - that you want to present something based on a calculation - could be just using the principle of the VCL. You want to have something drawn. VCL controls normally communicate their desire to be drawn by Invalidate, causing their BoundsRect to be invalidated. You could do that after you have done your calculations. In the following example I'll just use a timer to simulate your calculations are done. Just be aware that Invalidate will cause WM_PAINT messages to be generated for the control, but will not cause immediate repainting. There might be messages queued before the WM_PAINT is processed.
I'm using a TPaintBox's OnPaint to actually do the painting work, you might want to have your own control for that in the future when your project progresses.
unit Unit2;
interface
uses
Winapi.Windows, Winapi.Messages, System.SysUtils, System.Variants, System.Classes, Vcl.Graphics,
Vcl.Controls, Vcl.Forms, Vcl.Dialogs, Vcl.ExtCtrls;
type
TFormMain = class(TForm)
procedure FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
private
Timer1: TTimer;
PaintBox1: TPaintBox;
{ Private declarations }
procedure PaintBox1Paint(Sender: TObject);
procedure Timer1Timer(Sender: TObject);
public
{ Public declarations }
end;
implementation
{$R *.dfm}
procedure TFormMain.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
begin
PaintBox1 := TPaintBox.Create(Self);
PaintBox1.Parent := Self;
PaintBox1.Align := alClient;
PaintBox1.OnPaint := PaintBox1Paint;
Timer1 := TTimer.Create(Self);
Timer1.Interval := 100;
Timer1.OnTimer := Timer1Timer;
Randomize;
end;
procedure TFormMain.PaintBox1Paint(Sender: TObject);
var
AColor: TColor;
I: Integer;
begin
for I := 0 to PaintBox1.ClientWidth - 1 do
begin
AColor := RGB(Random(256), Random(256), Random(256));
PaintBox1.Canvas.Pen.Color := AColor;
PaintBox1.Canvas.MoveTo(I, 0);
PaintBox1.Canvas.LineTo(I, PaintBox1.ClientHeight);
end;
end;
procedure TFormMain.Timer1Timer(Sender: TObject);
begin
PaintBox1.Invalidate;
end;
end.
I've searched around and the general answer seems to place
SomeEdit2.setFocus;
in SomeEdit1.OnExit event. I have tried this (Using Delphi Xe5, developing for iOS) and it causes the application to crash. The app does not throw an error, it just blanks out and crashes. I've tried placing the same code in other events but it does not work as expected. For example, when placed in SomeEdit1.OnChange event, when a user hits 'done' on the virtual keyboard - Focus is switched to the desired control, but the keyboard does not show and stops working properly.
What is the proper way to change focus inbetween controls when a user hits the 'done' button provided on the virtual keyboard?
You can not compare VCL-Control behaviour with FMX-Control behaviour, because sometimes they behave different - they should not, but they do.
In VCL you have an OnExit event and it occurs right after the focus has left the control. So this is an OnAfterExit event.
In FMX the OnExit event is fired before the focus gets away. So this is an OnBeforeExit.
procedure TControl.DoExit;
begin
if FIsFocused then
begin
try
if CanFocus and Assigned(FOnExit) then
FOnExit(Self);
FIsFocused := False;
Now, what has this to do with your current problem?
If you set the focus to another control inside the OnExit event, the current active control DoExit method gets called, which calls the OnExit event, and you have a perfect circle.
So you have several options to fix this
Bug Report
The best solution is to create a bug report and let emba fix this.
There is already a bug report 117752 with the same reason. So I posted the solution as a comment.
Patch FMX.Controls.pas
Copy FMX.Controls into your project source directory and patch the buggy code (just one line)
procedure TControl.DoExit;
begin
if FIsFocused then
begin
try
FIsFocused := False; // thats the place to be, before firering OnExit event
if CanFocus and Assigned(FOnExit) then
FOnExit(Self);
//FIsFocused := False; <-- buggy here
SetFocus to control
To set the focus in the OnExit you have to do some more work, because the message to change the focus to the next control is already queued. You must ensure that the focus change to the desired control take place after that already queued focus change message. The simplest approach is using a timer.
Here is an example FMX form with 3 edit controls and each of them has an OnExit event
unit MainForm;
interface
uses
System.SysUtils, System.Types, System.UITypes, System.Classes, System.Variants,
FMX.Types, FMX.Graphics, FMX.Controls, FMX.Forms, FMX.Dialogs, FMX.StdCtrls,
FMX.Edit;
type
TForm1 = class(TForm)
Edit1: TEdit;
Edit2: TEdit;
Edit3: TEdit;
EnsureActiveControl_Timer: TTimer;
procedure EnsureActiveControl_TimerTimer(Sender: TObject);
procedure Edit1Exit(Sender: TObject);
procedure Edit2Exit(Sender: TObject);
procedure Edit3Exit(Sender: TObject);
private
// locks the NextActiveControl property to prevent changes while performing the timer event
FTimerSwitchInProgress: Boolean;
FNextActiveControl: TControl;
procedure SetNextActiveControl(const Value: TControl);
protected
property NextActiveControl: TControl read FNextActiveControl write SetNextActiveControl;
public
end;
var
Form1: TForm1;
implementation
{$R *.fmx}
procedure TForm1.Edit1Exit(Sender: TObject);
begin
NextActiveControl := Edit3;
end;
procedure TForm1.Edit2Exit(Sender: TObject);
begin
NextActiveControl := Edit1;
end;
procedure TForm1.Edit3Exit(Sender: TObject);
begin
NextActiveControl := Edit2;
end;
procedure TForm1.EnsureActiveControl_TimerTimer(Sender: TObject);
begin
EnsureActiveControl_Timer.Enabled := False;
FTimerSwitchInProgress := True;
try
if (Self.ActiveControl <> NextActiveControl) and NextActiveControl.CanFocus then
NextActiveControl.SetFocus;
finally
FTimerSwitchInProgress := False;
end;
end;
procedure TForm1.SetNextActiveControl(const Value: TControl);
begin
if FTimerSwitchInProgress
or (FNextActiveControl = Value)
or (Assigned(Value) and not Value.CanFocus)
or (Self.ActiveControl = Value)
then
Exit;
FNextActiveControl := Value;
EnsureActiveControl_Timer.Enabled := Assigned(FNextActiveControl);
end;
end.
I did find one at the end of:
https://forums.embarcadero.com/thread.jspa?messageID=447850
unit Unit1;
interface
uses
System.SysUtils, System.Types, System.UITypes, System.Classes, System.Variants,
FMX.Types, FMX.Controls, FMX.Forms, FMX.Dialogs, FMX.Platform;
type
TForm1 = class(TForm)
Panel1: TPanel;
procedure DragDrop(const Data: TDragObject; const Point: TPointF);override;
procedure DragOver(const Data: TDragObject; const Point: TPointF; var Accept: Boolean);override;
private
{ Private declarations }
public
{ Public declarations }
end;
var
Form1: TForm1;
implementation
{$R *.fmx}
procedure TForm1.DragDrop(const Data: TDragObject; const Point: TPointF);
var P: TPointF;
begin
P:= Platform.ScreenToClient(Form1,Point);
TPanel(Data.Source).Position.X:=P.X - TPanel(Data.Source).Width/2;
TPanel(Data.Source).Position.Y:=P.Y - TPanel(Data.Source).Height/2;
end;
procedure TForm1.DragOver(const Data: TDragObject; const Point: TPointF; var Accept: Boolean);
begin
Accept:=true;
end;
end.
but it doesn't want to compile. The Platform identifier is undeclared which is not surprising, since it doesn't appear anywhere else in the code.
Also, TPointF and TForm1 are incompatible types. This also doesn't surprise me.
The trouble is, I don't know how to fix either of these problems.
I don't know what the type of Platform should be. When I guessed TPlatform I noticed that it is merely an enum with not ScreenToClient method.
The second problem has me completely baffled. How can the compiler know the parameter types of a method on an instance whose class it can't identify because the instance is undeclared?
edit:
Sorry, I should have been clearer about my requirements. I am trying to build a mobile app that will show users images of products, and allow the user to drag images one at a time into a 'comparison' area. Then the user clicks a compare button and we go to a new screen that compares the products whose images the user has dragged and dropped.
So really, what I'm looking for is a screen with two components on it. One of the components is draggable, and the other is the target. I need to be able to recognize that the drag-and-drop has occurred and the identity of the draggee...
Starting with Delphi XE4, FMX now uses Platform services for implement this kind of methods. In this case the ScreenToClient function is defined in the IFMXWindowService interface, so you can get an instance to the implementation of this service using the FWinService field of the Form. To compile your code just replace the Platform variable by the FWinService field like so
P:= FWinService.ScreenToClient(Self ,Point);
Here's an example of drag/drop, produced with XE5 in a Firemonkey desktop (HD) application (as you did not specify which platform you're trying to use):
Drop a TPanel on the form, enlarge the width to about half the form's width, and drop a TLabel on the panel at the left edge. Set the TLabel.AutoSize property to True.
Click on Panel1 on the form, and then switch to the Events tab in the Object Inspector, and add the following two events for the OnDragOver and OnDragDrop events:
procedure TForm1.Panel1DragDrop(Sender: TObject; const Data: TDragObject;
const Point: TPointF);
begin
Label1.Text := Data.Files[0];
end;
procedure TForm1.Panel1DragOver(Sender: TObject; const Data: TDragObject;
const Point: TPointF; var Accept: Boolean);
begin
Accept := Length(Data.Files) > 0;
end;
Run the application, and then drag any file from Windows Explorer over the panel and drop it.
I would like to hide an application from the Windows 7 taskbar.
I want to make something like a toolbar on the edge of the screen which does certain things when the user clicks on it, but I don't want it to show in the taskbar, since its a thing that i want to stay in the background.
I tried the instructions in the following post, but it did not work on my application:
How to hide a taskbar entry but keep the window form
Then i tried it on a new empty VCL Forms Application and it still did not work. I searched for other solutions, but they all do very much the same like in the linked post.
Has something changed, that makes that impossible in windows 7? Or is there anything you
could think of, that could prevent it from working?
You can override the main form's CreateParam to remove the flag that forces the taskbar button (WS_EX_APPWINDOW) and additionally make the form owned by the application window. That's doing the opposite of the requirement for the shell to place a taskbar button for a window. From "Managing Taskbar Buttons":
[..] To ensure that the window button is placed on the taskbar, create an
unowned window with the WS_EX_APPWINDOW extended style. [..]
Sample:
type
TForm1 = class(TForm)
protected
procedure CreateParams(var Params: TCreateParams); override;
end;
procedure TForm1.CreateParams(var Params: TCreateParams);
begin
inherited;
Params.ExStyle := Params.ExStyle and not WS_EX_APPWINDOW;
Params.WndParent := Application.Handle;
end;
Don't change the state of MainFormOnTaskbar property of the 'Application' from its default 'True' if you use this method.
You can also remove the second line (..WndParent := ..) and instead set PopupMode of the form to pmExplicit in the object inspector to same effect.
BTW, here's the documentation quote from the same topic for the solution TLama posted:
To prevent the window button from being placed on the taskbar, [...]
As an alternative, you can create a hidden window and make this hidden
window the owner of your visible window.
When you set MainFormOnTaskbar to false, the main form is owned by the application window by VCL design. And if you hide the application window, the requirement is fulfilled.
Try to use a tricky way described in this article:
Set the MainFormOnTaskBar to False in your project file. Then try to hide the application window from the main form's OnShow and OnActivate event handlers. So your project might look like follows:
Project1.dpr:
program Project1;
uses
Forms,
Unit1 in 'Unit1.pas' {Form1};
{$R *.res}
begin
Application.Initialize;
Application.MainFormOnTaskbar := False;
Application.CreateForm(TForm1, Form1);
Application.Run;
end.
Unit1.pas:
unit Unit1;
interface
uses
Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms,
Dialogs;
type
TForm1 = class(TForm)
procedure FormShow(Sender: TObject);
procedure FormActivate(Sender: TObject);
private
{ Private declarations }
public
{ Public declarations }
end;
var
Form1: TForm1;
implementation
{$R *.dfm}
procedure TForm1.FormShow(Sender: TObject);
begin
ShowWindow(Application.Handle, SW_HIDE);
end;
procedure TForm1.FormActivate(Sender: TObject);
begin
ShowWindow(Application.Handle, SW_HIDE);
end;
end.
your application main form is normally created in the dpr so open the dpr and look for the line that creates the main form.
// add this line first
// blank app title will prevent app from showing in the applications list in task manager
Application.Title := '';
// this line is already in the dpr and creates the main form, the class will differ
Application.CreateForm(TMainForm, Result);
// make the main form invisible to windows taskbar/task switcher
i := GetWindowLong(Application.Handle, GWL_EXSTYLE);
SetWindowLong(Application.Handle, GWL_EXSTYLE, i OR WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW AND NOT WS_EX_APPWINDOW);
i know this works on XP and 7. i'm guessing it's good for 8 as well. this adds the tool window flag and removes the appwindow flag so i guess if you're not interested in the toolwindow flag you can leave out the following part
i OR WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW
I built the code below using Delphi XE2. It creates Form1, and Form1 immediately creates an instance of Form2. When I press the button on Form2 a second Form2 is created.
Now if I hover the mouse over the button on this second, topmost, Form2 and wait for the tooltip to appear, the moment the tooltip appears, the first Form2 comes to the front, stealing focus.
The problem occurs only if Application.MainFormOnTaskbar is True. It also relies on the first Form2 being created from Form1's FormCreate method. If I use PostMessage() to delay the creation of the first Form2 until the application has finished initialising, the problem goes away.
I'd like to understand why this is happening. I have already learned that Delphi's Application object handles a lot of things including hint display, and I know that Delphi can recreate a window's handle during initialisation, but I haven't been able to follow this through to explain fully the behaviour described above (or indeed whether the above two facts are even relevant).
Project1.dpr
program Project1;
uses
Vcl.Forms,
Unit1 in 'Unit1.pas' {Form1},
Unit2 in 'Unit2.pas' {Form2};
{$R *.res}
begin
Application.Initialize;
Application.MainFormOnTaskbar := True; // False makes problem go away
Application.CreateForm(TForm1, Form1);
Application.Run;
end.
Unit1.pas
unit Unit1;
interface
uses
Vcl.Forms, Unit2;
type
TForm1 = class(TForm)
procedure FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
public
procedure CreateForm2;
end;
var
Form1: TForm1;
implementation
{$R *.dfm}
procedure TForm1.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
begin
CreateForm2;
end;
procedure TForm1.CreateForm2;
var
frm : TForm2;
begin
frm := TForm2.Create(Application); // (Could pass Self - makes no difference)
frm.Show;
end;
end.
Unit2.pas
unit Unit2;
interface
uses
Vcl.Forms, System.Classes, Vcl.Controls, Vcl.StdCtrls, WinApi.Windows;
type
TForm2 = class(TForm)
Button1: TButton; // This button has a hint
procedure Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
end;
var
Form2: TForm2;
implementation
uses
System.SysUtils, Unit1;
{$R *.dfm}
procedure TForm2.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
begin
Form1.CreateForm2;
end;
end.
The key issue here is that the first instance of TForm2 is created as window that is owned by the application window, Application.Handle. And here I am referring to the Windows meaning of owner. In VCL language this is known as the popup parent.
Now, when you create that first TForm2 instance, the Application.MainForm property is still nil. And because you did not explicitly assign PopupParent, the code in TCustomForm.CreateParams sets the owner to be the application window.
You simply do not want your windows to be owned by the hidden application window. This is the reason why that first TForm2 instance sometimes appears behind all the other windows, in particular behind your main form. It has simply been created with the wrong owner.
The form that is owned by Application.Handle gets shown in THintWindow.ActivateHint. That happens due to the line that reads ParentWindow := Application.Handle. This is followed by a call to SetWindowPos(Handle, ...) which results in the incorrectly owned form coming to the front. Presumably that form comes to the front because it is also owned by Application.Handle. Right now I don't have a clear explanation for the precise mechanism, but I don't find that terribly interesting because the form is clearly setup wrongly.
In any case, the fundamental problem is that you have created a window that is incorrectly owned. The solution therefore is to make sure that the window is owned correctly. Do that by assigning the PopupParent. For example:
procedure TForm1.CreateForm2;
var
frm : TForm2;
begin
frm := TForm2.Create(Application); // (Could pass Self - makes no difference)
frm.PopupParent := Self;
frm.Show;
end;