Rails unit test failing - ruby-on-rails

Question

The following User test passes with no problem, the user is valid:
user_test.rb:
require 'test_helper'
class UserTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
def setup
#user = User.new(name: "Example User", email: "user#example.com", callsign: "example",
password: "foobar", password_confirmation: "foobar")
end
test "user should be valid" do
assert #user.valid?
end
end
User model:
class User < ActiveRecord::Base
attr_accessor :remember_token, :activation_token, :reset_token
has_many :personas, dependent: :destroy
has_secure_password
before_save do
email.downcase!
callsign.downcase!
end
before_create :create_activation_digest
validates :name, presence: true,
length: { maximum: 50 }
VALID_EMAIL_REGEX = /\A[\w+\-.]+#[a-z\d\-]+(?:\.[a-z\d\-]+)*\.[a-z]+\z/i
validates :email, presence: true,
format: { with: VALID_EMAIL_REGEX },
uniqueness: { case_sensitive: false }
VALID_CALLSIGN_REGEX = /\A[a-z\d\-.\_]+\z/i
validates :callsign, presence: true,
length: { maximum: 20 },
format: { with: VALID_CALLSIGN_REGEX },
uniqueness: { case_sensitive: false }
validates :password, length: { minimum: 6 }, allow_blank: true
def to_param
callsign
end
.
.
end
However, when I set up exactly the same user in the persona_test, the validation fails. (The persona validation fails too, each User has_many personas)
persona_test.rb:
require 'test_helper'
class PersonaTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
def setup
#user = User.new(name: "Example User", email: "user#example.com", callsign: "example",
password: "foobar", password_confirmation: "foobar")
#persona = #user.personas.build(name: "Bazman", callsign: "Baz")
end
test "user should be valid" do
assert #user.valid?
end
test "persona should be valid" do
assert #persona.valid?
end
end
Persona model:
class Persona < ActiveRecord::Base
belongs_to :user
before_save do
self.callsign.downcase!
set_persona_id
end
validates :name, presence: true,
length: { maximum: 50 }
VALID_CALLSIGN_REGEX = /\A[a-z\d\-.\_]+\z/i
validates :callsign, presence: true,
length: { maximum: 20 },
format: { with: VALID_CALLSIGN_REGEX },
uniqueness: { case_sensitive: false }
validates :user_id, presence: true
validates :persona_id, presence: true
def to_param
callsign
end
.
.
end
Failed test output:
FAIL["test_user_should_be_valid", PersonaTest, 0.754914]
test_user_should_be_valid#PersonaTest (0.75s)
Failed assertion, no message given.
test/models/persona_test.rb:18:in `block in <class:PersonaTest>'
FAIL["test_persona_should_be_valid", PersonaTest, 0.893247]
test_persona_should_be_valid#PersonaTest (0.89s)
Failed assertion, no message given.
test/models/persona_test.rb:22:in `block in <class:PersonaTest>'
I don't understand why the User validation in persona_test.rb is failing when the setup user is identical to the one in user_test.rb. Are you not allowed to test Users in a Personas test? If so, how do I successfully test personas? Each persona belongs_to a user, so I have to create a user in order to create a persona.
EDIT:
persona_test.rb:
require 'test_helper'
class PersonaTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
def setup
#user = User.new(name: "Example User", email: "user#example.com", callsign: "example",
password: "foobar", password_confirmation: "foobar")#, activated: true)
#persona = #user.personas.build(name: "Bazman", callsign: "Baz")
#persona.user = #user
#persona.persona_id = 1
end
test "user should be valid" do
assert #user.valid?, #user.errors.full_messages
end
test "persona should be valid" do
assert #persona.valid?, #persona.errors.full_messages
end
end
With the updated persona test above, I get the error message 'User can't be blank'. Why is
#persona.user = #user
not working?

Answer 1

The reason for the failed assertion is that some validations in Persona won't pass:
validates :user_id, presence: true
validates :persona_id, presence: true
The validations are run before saving them to the database. For new records, user_id and persona_id will still be nil.
Because Persona is invalid, the User will be invalid in the other test as well.

Answer 2

In your persona model you have:
validates :user_id, presence: true
validates :persona_id, presence: true
But it doesn't look like a user_id is being set. Try setting it with #persona.user = #user in your test.
Additionally, as a tool for debugging, you can print #persona.errors.full_messages in your test to see where exactly it is not validating.
E.g. assert #persona.valid?, #persona.errors.full_messages
Hope that helps.
EDIT: as per the comments below, the line should actually be #persona.user_id = #user.id. Another way you could achieve the same effect is to actually save the records to the database. So in your setup function, you would use create instead of build. This would, however, be slower.