How to manage application configurations/environment variables in production - environment-variables

I read some articles stating that application configs/parameters should be kept out of version control and be set as environment variables in the production environment.
My question is: How do you manage these environment variables?
Using a configuration management tool like Puppet? What if you are deploying a new version of your app and need to add some new configuration variables?
Your deploy scripts will probably also be in version control so if you set any production variable in there everyone with deploy access can see it. (and tools like Capistrano stores the deploy scripts together with application source code.)
What are the common practice for this?
Thank you for your help.

Related

How can I split the Dart project environment as a prod, dev?

I'm developing a server application with Dart(Shelf).
I want to define different settings for the prod and dev environment.
Do you know any way to achieve this?

Ruby on Rails application deployment on local computer with postgresql

I am new to Ruby on Rails. We have developed an small application with Postgresql. Now we have to deploy it. But when i searched over internet i found lot of suggestion is to deploy them on Heroku or some premium servers. where we are not in a position now to deploy it on cloud.
How can i deploy the application on local computer? Is this similar to setting up a development environment?
Any link or lead will be much appreciated!
I hope you have your application already running on your development environment.
Create another database in your postgres, to use it for production in local system. And make necessary changes in database.yml
I feel passenger is the easiest way to deploy application, you can follow the steps in this link https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-deploy-a-rails-app-with-passenger-and-apache-on-ubuntu-14-04 to deploy your app.
Heroku also have free deployment for few application. You can use heroku.
There are some more option like AWS, Digital Ocean. AWS is also free for one year.
Yes setting up a development environment is like set up your environment. But best practice is use a deployment automation like capistrano.
You can run it in a production environment and make it public. I had written a blog post regarding this.
Please check here
ps - Make sure your system is up for public access and i am hoping that this is for test purpose only and to show it to your clients.
Yes, it would be fairly similar to setting up your development environment.
In addition to setting up Passenger as described in the Digital Ocean post from Rajuk's answer, I use Capistrano for deployment to my Ubuntu servers. You can set up the Capistrano deployment configuration to deploy to any machine.
The possible configuration variables are too numerous to address here without further details about your specific situation.
Check out Railscast #335 Deploying to a VPS where Ryan talks about deploying to a Linux machine (a cloud VPS in this case) with Capistrano.

deploy a rails app with capistrano without a rails environment

I've been working on a rails project for a client that isn't technical. However, they want me to send over a deployment script, which their networks guys will use to deploy the application.
I've been using capistrano. But the problem is, cap is heavily dependent on the app itself. What i need is a script, that'd use the cap and config/deploy.rb but needs minimal setup on their local systems. The repo in the backbone is git based.
If this cant be achieved by capistrano, anyone knows of any other deployment utilities, that'd allow me stuff cap does and works independently? .. (i create symlinks and run some rake tasks in my :after_update block).
Thanks,
Hassan
If setting up a ruby environment to run cap deploy is not something that the "network guys" will be willing to do, then you're in for quite an uphill battle. Some suggestions to help alleviate this:
Have them use the railsready script to set up their environment
Give them a virtual machine (maybe a Vagrant box?) that can be used to deploy the instance
If you're doing a git-based deploy, you'll either have to set up a deployer key (and give this to them) or add them to your github project (assuming you're using github)
Consider bundling up the entire project and delivering as a tarball (or putting it into an rpm) and having them deploy this way (a quick&dirty way to do this is to deploy to a machine running the same distro as production, and tarring up the deployment directory)
Consider using a stack that more aligns with their network stack, like JRuby and warbler for deploying to Tomcat
Do some pair programming or at least screen sharing for the initial install. Sometimes the difference between loving and hating a platform comes down to the availability of help when problems arise.
Mina is like Capistrano but doesn't rely on being inside the rails application directory.
One option could be to setup something like Jenkins that will use capistrano to deploy. And your client can curl the jenkins build url to trigger a deploy.

does RoR develpment need shell access?

let's say that RoR development environment is set up and working
does the developer need shell access to develop the RoR application?
would ftp be good enough?
why? I don't want to give my future developers ssh access to my linux box. Or can I set up their file permission so they can read only their project directory?
UPDATE
the whole idea is to have below running on my VPS linux hosting
code repository
production environment
test environment
maybe development environment
for
few projects
that are looked after by different people
so I want the developers to be able to do their job and only be able to access their project files and maybe only I would be able do to deployment into production from test environment
As Tom mentioned, it makes life a lot easier on Rails developers if they have ssh access to the machine so they can migrate the database, run bundle install, check the logs, or just jump into console.
There are ways to segregate users though, through file/directory permissions, chroot, or but making your linux machine a bunch of virtual machines and giving them their own
You can take a look at how Heroku's client works for possible ideas, since Rails developers are able to deploy, migrate, check logs, and even get into the console without direct shell access. Deployment is all done via git hooks and then their client gives access to particular commands. This is not trivial to set up/get working, though.
Well it does not REQUIRE shell access, but it sure makes it easier.
Without it how can you migrate a db? You would have to manually create controllers, models, etc.
Short answer, you CAN develop without shell access, it is just awkward and more tedious.
This is a common situation - for instance, Network Solutions allows you to do the basic RoR install but only gives ssh access if you step up and pay extra for a VM hosting package. My suggestion is to create the app on a local machine, of course using shell commands, then FTP mirror the files up, then use mysqldump to export the local database. NSI allows you a database console whereby you can then import your database dump file. You will probably have to edit config/database.yml since the host database server is unlikely to be localhost. If the necessary gems aren't present, you will have to plead with your hosting customer service.

dev and prod systems in rails

What exactly is the difference in rails between dev and prod environments.
When I develop an application in dev mode, do I have peformance problems, or others if I clone my dev environment on prod?
Environments are similar to rails initializers, here's a short list of common differences:
Dev mode loads the development environment, production loads the production environment. You can find the files/settings for each in /config/environments/*.rb.
The development environment is usually set to display rendering information, system information, and RJS errors.
The development environment will usually have caching disabled.
I'm not sure if this still holds true, but the rails development environment has been known to have issues with memory leaks and should never be used on applications running on machines with production software.
Documentation on settings that can be used within the environment configurations can be found here: http://guides.rubyonrails.org/configuring.html
Dev mode won't cache your code, won't cache SQL, it will show you exceptions including your code, no optimizations, etc. Not recommended to distribute it like that, even though you can configure all those under config/environments/development.rb

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