Related
I'm trying to create a function that is similar to Delphi's pos function, but that i could pass different strings to be searched, instead of only one. So i could call the function like this :
multipos('word1#word2#word3','this is a sample text with word2',false);
// will return 'word2'
The function would return which string was found.
The code i did is below and it's working but it's too slow. How could i improve the speed of this code ?
function multipos(needles,key: string; requireAll: boolean): string;
var
k: array [1 .. 50] of string;
i, j: integer;
r, aux: string;
flag: boolean;
begin
if trim(key) = '' then
Result := ''
else
try
r := '';
Result := '';
j := 1;
for i := 1 to 50 do
k[i] := '';
for i := 1 to length(needles) do
begin
if needles[i] <> '#' then
aux := aux + needles[i]
else
begin
k[j] := aux;
Inc(j);
aux := '';
end;
if j >= 50 then
break;
end;
if aux <> '' then
k[j] := aux;
for i := 1 to j do
begin
if k[i] = '' then
break
else
if pos(lowercase(k[i]), lowercase(key)) > 0 then
begin
if not requireAll then
begin
Result := k[i];
break;
end
else
begin
r := r + k[i] + ',';
flag := i = j;
if not flag then
flag := k[i + 1] = '';
if flag then
begin
Result := r;
end;
end;
end
else
if requireAll then
begin
break;
end;
end;
except
on e: exception do
begin
Result := '';
end;
end;
end;
Consider to pass the items as an array, like:
function Multipos(const A: array of string; const S: string): string;
begin
for var E in A do
if Pos(E, S) > 0 then
Exit(E);
Result := ''; // Nothing found
end;
// sample calls
Multipos(['word1', 'word2', 'word3'], 'sample text with word2');
Multipos('word1#word2#word3'.Split(['#']), 'sample text with word2');
To implement RequireAll functionality, stop on first failure. Just check what to return in that case.
Also, TStrings/TStringList could work for your needs. Check it's Delimiter and DelimitedText properties.
As you didn't specify a Delphi version, I simply assume the latest:
function multipos(const needles,key: string; requireAll: boolean): string;
var
lst: TStringList;
begin
lst := TStringList.Create;
try
var lowerkey := key.ToLower; // do this only once
for var needle in needles.Split(['#']) do begin
if lowerkey.Contains(needle.ToLower) then begin
if not requireAll then
Exit(needle);
lst.Add(needle);
end;
end;
Result := lst.CommaText;
finally
lst.Free;
end;
end;
The array solution by Marcodor is good. Here is a TStringList alternative:
function multipos(SubStrs: TStringList; Str: string; RequireAll: Boolean): string;
var
i: Integer;
begin
if (not Str.IsEmpty) and (not SubStrs.Count < 1) then
begin
Result := '';
for i := 0 to SubStrs.Count - 1 do
if Pos(SubStrs[i], Str) > 0 then
Result := Result + Copy(Str, Pos(SubStrs[i], Str), SubStrs[i].Length)
else if RequireAll then
Result := '';
end;
end;
var
myList: TStringList;
begin
myList := TStringList.Create;
myList.Delimiter := '#';
myList.DelimitedText := 'word1#word2#word3';
Writeln(multipos(myList, 'this word1is a sample word3 text with word2', False));
end.
Obviously you'll need system.classes for the StringList. And perhaps some better checking if everything is in order before accessing the parameters, but it works for RequireAll True and False.
I'm trying to find a Delphi function that will split an input string into an array of strings based on a delimiter. I've found a lot from searching the web, but all seem to have their own issues and I haven't been able to get any of them to work.
I just need to split a string like:
"word:doc,txt,docx" into an array based on ':'. The result would be
['word', 'doc,txt,docx']. How can I do that?
you can use the TStrings.DelimitedText property for split an string
check this sample
program Project28;
{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}
uses
Classes,
SysUtils;
procedure Split(Delimiter: Char; Str: string; ListOfStrings: TStrings) ;
begin
ListOfStrings.Clear;
ListOfStrings.Delimiter := Delimiter;
ListOfStrings.StrictDelimiter := True; // Requires D2006 or newer.
ListOfStrings.DelimitedText := Str;
end;
var
OutPutList: TStringList;
begin
OutPutList := TStringList.Create;
try
Split(':', 'word:doc,txt,docx', OutPutList) ;
Writeln(OutPutList.Text);
Readln;
finally
OutPutList.Free;
end;
end.
UPDATE
See this link for an explanation of StrictDelimiter.
There is no need for engineering a Split function. It already exists, see: Classes.ExtractStrings.
Use it in a following manner:
program Project1;
{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}
uses
Classes;
var
List: TStrings;
begin
List := TStringList.Create;
try
ExtractStrings([':'], [], PChar('word:doc,txt,docx'), List);
WriteLn(List.Text);
ReadLn;
finally
List.Free;
end;
end.
And to answer the question fully; List represents the desired array with the elements:
List[0] = 'word'
List[1] = 'doc,txt,docx'
You can use StrUtils.SplitString.
function SplitString(const S, Delimiters: string): TStringDynArray;
Its description from the documentation:
Splits a string into different parts delimited by the specified
delimiter characters.
SplitString splits a string into different parts delimited by the specified delimiter characters. S is the string to be split.
Delimiters is a string containing the characters defined as delimiters.
SplitString returns an array of strings of type System.Types.TStringDynArray that contains the split parts of the
original string.
Using the SysUtils.TStringHelper.Split function, introduced in Delphi XE3:
var
MyString: String;
Splitted: TArray<String>;
begin
MyString := 'word:doc,txt,docx';
Splitted := MyString.Split([':']);
end.
This will split a string with a given delimiter into an array of strings.
I always use something similar to this:
Uses
StrUtils, Classes;
Var
Str, Delimiter : String;
begin
// Str is the input string, Delimiter is the delimiter
With TStringList.Create Do
try
Text := ReplaceText(S,Delim,#13#10);
// From here on and until "finally", your desired result strings are
// in strings[0].. strings[Count-1)
finally
Free; //Clean everything up, and liberate your memory ;-)
end;
end;
Similar to the Explode() function offered by Mef, but with a couple of differences (one of which I consider a bug fix):
type
TArrayOfString = array of String;
function SplitString(const aSeparator, aString: String; aMax: Integer = 0): TArrayOfString;
var
i, strt, cnt: Integer;
sepLen: Integer;
procedure AddString(aEnd: Integer = -1);
var
endPos: Integer;
begin
if (aEnd = -1) then
endPos := i
else
endPos := aEnd + 1;
if (strt < endPos) then
result[cnt] := Copy(aString, strt, endPos - strt)
else
result[cnt] := '';
Inc(cnt);
end;
begin
if (aString = '') or (aMax < 0) then
begin
SetLength(result, 0);
EXIT;
end;
if (aSeparator = '') then
begin
SetLength(result, 1);
result[0] := aString;
EXIT;
end;
sepLen := Length(aSeparator);
SetLength(result, (Length(aString) div sepLen) + 1);
i := 1;
strt := i;
cnt := 0;
while (i <= (Length(aString)- sepLen + 1)) do
begin
if (aString[i] = aSeparator[1]) then
if (Copy(aString, i, sepLen) = aSeparator) then
begin
AddString;
if (cnt = aMax) then
begin
SetLength(result, cnt);
EXIT;
end;
Inc(i, sepLen - 1);
strt := i + 1;
end;
Inc(i);
end;
AddString(Length(aString));
SetLength(result, cnt);
end;
Differences:
aMax parameter limits the number of strings to be returned
If the input string is terminated by a separator then a nominal "empty" final string is deemed to exist
Examples:
SplitString(':', 'abc') returns : result[0] = abc
SplitString(':', 'a:b:c:') returns : result[0] = a
result[1] = b
result[2] = c
result[3] = <empty string>
SplitString(':', 'a:b:c:', 2) returns: result[0] = a
result[1] = b
It is the trailing separator and notional "empty final element" that I consider the bug fix.
I also incorporated the memory allocation change I suggested, with refinement (I mistakenly suggested the input string might at most contain 50% separators, but it could conceivably of course consist of 100% separator strings, yielding an array of empty elements!)
Explode is very high speed function, source alhoritm get from TStrings component.
I use next test for explode:
Explode 134217733 bytes of data, i get 19173962 elements, time of work: 2984 ms.
Implode is very low speed function, but i write it easy.
{ ****************************************************************************** }
{ Explode/Implode (String <> String array) }
{ ****************************************************************************** }
function Explode(S: String; Delimiter: Char): Strings; overload;
var I, C: Integer; P, P1: PChar;
begin
SetLength(Result, 0);
if Length(S) = 0 then Exit;
P:=PChar(S+Delimiter); C:=0;
while P^ <> #0 do begin
P1:=P;
while (P^ <> Delimiter) do P:=CharNext(P);
Inc(C);
while P^ in [#1..' '] do P:=CharNext(P);
if P^ = Delimiter then begin
repeat
P:=CharNext(P);
until not (P^ in [#1..' ']);
end;
end;
SetLength(Result, C);
P:=PChar(S+Delimiter); I:=-1;
while P^ <> #0 do begin
P1:=P;
while (P^ <> Delimiter) do P:=CharNext(P);
Inc(I); SetString(Result[I], P1, P-P1);
while P^ in [#1..' '] do P:=CharNext(P);
if P^ = Delimiter then begin
repeat
P:=CharNext(P);
until not (P^ in [#1..' ']);
end;
end;
end;
function Explode(S: String; Delimiter: Char; Index: Integer): String; overload;
var I: Integer; P, P1: PChar;
begin
if Length(S) = 0 then Exit;
P:=PChar(S+Delimiter); I:=1;
while P^ <> #0 do begin
P1:=P;
while (P^ <> Delimiter) do P:=CharNext(P);
SetString(Result, P1, P-P1);
if (I <> Index) then Inc(I) else begin
SetString(Result, P1, P-P1); Exit;
end;
while P^ in [#1..' '] do P:=CharNext(P);
if P^ = Delimiter then begin
repeat
P:=CharNext(P);
until not (P^ in [#1..' ']);
end;
end;
end;
function Implode(S: Strings; Delimiter: Char): String;
var iCount: Integer;
begin
Result:='';
if (Length(S) = 0) then Exit;
for iCount:=0 to Length(S)-1 do
Result:=Result+S[iCount]+Delimiter;
System.Delete(Result, Length(Result), 1);
end;
var
su : string; // What we want split
si : TStringList; // Result of splitting
Delimiter : string;
...
Delimiter := ';';
si.Text := ReplaceStr(su, Delimiter, #13#10);
Lines in si list will contain splitted strings.
You can make your own function which returns TArray of string:
function mySplit(input: string): TArray<string>;
var
delimiterSet: array [0 .. 0] of char;
// split works with char array, not a single char
begin
delimiterSet[0] := '&'; // some character
result := input.Split(delimiterSet);
end;
Here is an implementation of an explode function which is available in many other programming languages as a standard function:
type
TStringDynArray = array of String;
function Explode(const Separator, S: string; Limit: Integer = 0): TStringDynArray;
var
SepLen: Integer;
F, P: PChar;
ALen, Index: Integer;
begin
SetLength(Result, 0);
if (S = '') or (Limit < 0) then Exit;
if Separator = '' then
begin
SetLength(Result, 1);
Result[0] := S;
Exit;
end;
SepLen := Length(Separator);
ALen := Limit;
SetLength(Result, ALen);
Index := 0;
P := PChar(S);
while P^ <> #0 do
begin
F := P;
P := AnsiStrPos(P, PChar(Separator));
if (P = nil) or ((Limit > 0) and (Index = Limit - 1)) then P := StrEnd(F);
if Index >= ALen then
begin
Inc(ALen, 5);
SetLength(Result, ALen);
end;
SetString(Result[Index], F, P - F);
Inc(Index);
if P^ <> #0 then Inc(P, SepLen);
end;
if Index < ALen then SetLength(Result, Index);
end;
Sample usage:
var
res: TStringDynArray;
begin
res := Explode(':', yourString);
I wrote this function which returns linked list of separated strings by specific delimiter. Pure free pascal without modules.
Program split_f;
type
PTItem = ^TItem;
TItem = record
str : string;
next : PTItem;
end;
var
s : string;
strs : PTItem;
procedure split(str : string;delim : char;var list : PTItem);
var
i : integer;
buff : PTItem;
begin
new(list);
buff:= list;
buff^.str:='';
buff^.next:=nil;
for i:=1 to length(str) do begin
if (str[i] = delim) then begin
new(buff^.next);
buff:=buff^.next;
buff^.str := '';
buff^.next := nil;
end
else
buff^.str:= buff^.str+str[i];
end;
end;
procedure print(var list:PTItem);
var
buff : PTItem;
begin
buff := list;
while buff<>nil do begin
writeln(buff^.str);
buff:= buff^.next;
end;
end;
begin
s := 'Hi;how;are;you?';
split(s, ';', strs);
print(strs);
end.
Jedi Code Library provides an enhanced StringList with built-in Split function, that is capable of both adding and replacing the existing text. It also provides reference-counted interface. So this can be used even with older Delphi versions that have no SplitStrings and without careful and a bit tedious customizations of stock TStringList to only use specified delimiters.
For example given text file of lines like Dog 5 4 7 one can parse them using:
var slF, slR: IJclStringList; ai: TList<integer>; s: string; i: integer;
action: procedure(const Name: string; Const Data: array of integer);
slF := TJclStringList.Create; slF.LoadFromFile('some.txt');
slR := TJclStringList.Create;
for s in slF do begin
slR.Split(s, ' ', true);
ai := TList<Integer>.Create;
try
for i := 1 to slR.Count - 1 do
ai.Add(StrToInt(slR[i]));
action(slR[0], ai.ToArray);
finally ai.Free; end;
end;
http://wiki.delphi-jedi.org/wiki/JCL_Help:IJclStringList.Split#string#string#Boolean
This will solve your problem
interface
TArrayStr = Array Of string;
implementation
function SplitString(Text: String): TArrayStr;
var
intIdx: Integer;
intIdxOutput: Integer;
const
Delimiter = ';';
begin
intIdxOutput := 0;
SetLength(Result, 1);
Result[0] := '';
for intIdx := 1 to Length(Text) do
begin
if Text[intIdx] = Delimiter then
begin
intIdxOutput := intIdxOutput + 1;
SetLength(Result, Length(Result) + 1);
end
else
Result[intIdxOutput] := Result[intIdxOutput] + Text[intIdx];
end;
end;
My favourite function for splitting:
procedure splitString(delim: char; s: string; ListOfStrings: TStrings);
var temp: string;
i: integer;
begin
ListOfStrings.Clear;
for i:=1 to length(s) do
begin
if s[i] = delim then
begin
ListOfStrings.add(temp);
temp := '';
end
else
begin
temp := temp + s[i];
if i=length(s) then
ListOfStrings.add(temp);
end;
end;
ListOfStrings.add(temp);
end;
*
//Basic functionality of a TStringList solves this:
uses Classes //TStringList
,types //TStringDynArray
,SysUtils //StringReplace()
;
....
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------
function _SplitString(const s:string; const delimiter:Char):TStringDynArray;
var sl:TStringList;
i:integer;
begin
sl:=TStringList.Create;
//separete delimited items by sLineBreak;TStringlist will do the job:
sl.Text:=StringReplace(s,delimiter,sLineBreak,[rfReplaceAll]);
//return the splitted string as an array:
setlength(Result,sl.count);
for i:=0 to sl.Count-1
do Result[i]:=sl[i];
sl.Free;
end;
//To split a FileName (last item will be the pure filename itselfs):
function _SplitPath(const fn:TFileName):TStringDynArray;
begin
result:=_SplitString(fn,'\');
end;
*
The base of NGLG answer https://stackoverflow.com/a/8811242/6619626 you can use the following function:
type
OurArrayStr=array of string;
function SplitString(DelimeterChars:char;Str:string):OurArrayStr;
var
seg: TStringList;
i:integer;
ret:OurArrayStr;
begin
seg := TStringList.Create;
ExtractStrings([DelimeterChars],[], PChar(Str), seg);
for i:=0 to seg.Count-1 do
begin
SetLength(ret,length(ret)+1);
ret[length(ret)-1]:=seg.Strings[i];
end;
SplitString:=ret;
seg.Free;
end;
It works in all Delphi versions.
For delphi 2010, you need to create your own split function.
function Split(const Texto, Delimitador: string): TStringArray;
var
i: integer;
Len: integer;
PosStart: integer;
PosDel: integer;
TempText:string;
begin
i := 0;
SetLength(Result, 1);
Len := Length(Delimitador);
PosStart := 1;
PosDel := Pos(Delimitador, Texto);
TempText:= Texto;
while PosDel > 0 do
begin
Result[i] := Copy(TempText, PosStart, PosDel - PosStart);
PosStart := PosDel + Len;
TempText:=Copy(TempText, PosStart, Length(TempText));
PosDel := Pos(Delimitador, TempText);
PosStart := 1;
inc(i);
SetLength(Result, i + 1);
end;
Result[i] := Copy(TempText, PosStart, Length(TempText));
end;
You can refer to it as such
type
TStringArray = array of string;
var Temp2:TStringArray;
Temp1="hello:world";
Temp2=Split(Temp1,':')
procedure SplitCSV(S:STRING;out SL:TStringList);
var c,commatext:string;
a,b,up:integer;
begin
c:=s.Replace(' ','<SPACE>'); //curate spaces
//first ocurrence of "
a:=pos('"',c);
b:=pos('"',c,a+1);
if (a>0) and (b>0) then
begin
commatext:=commatext+copy(c,0,a-1);
commatext:=commatext+copy(c,a,b-a+1).Replace(',','<COMMA>'); //curate commas
up:=b+1;
end
else
commatext:=c;
//while continue discovering "
while (a>0) and (b>0) do
begin
a:=Pos('"',c,b+1);
b:=pos('"',c,a+1);
if (a>0) and (b>0) then
begin
commatext:=commatext+copy(c,up,a-up);
commatext:=commatext+copy(c,a,b-a+1).Replace(',','<COMMA>'); //curate commas
up:=b+1;
end;
end;
//last piece of text end
if up<c.Length then
commatext:=commatext+copy(c,up,c.Length-up+1);
//split text using CommaText
sl.CommaText:=commatext;
sl.Text:=sl.Text.Replace('<COMMA>',','); //curate commas
sl.Text:=sl.Text.Replace('<SPACE>',' '); //curate spaces
end;
interface
uses
Classes;
type
TStringArray = array of string;
TUtilStr = class
class function Split(const AValue: string; const ADelimiter: Char = ';'; const AQuoteChar: Char = '"'): TStringArray; static;
end;
implementation
{ TUtilStr }
class function TUtilStr.Split(const AValue: string; const ADelimiter: Char; const AQuoteChar: Char): TStringArray;
var
LSplited: TStringList;
LText: string;
LIndex: Integer;
begin
LSplited := TStringList.Create;
try
LSplited.StrictDelimiter := True;
LSplited.Delimiter := ADelimiter;
LSplited.QuoteChar := AQuoteChar;
LSplited.DelimitedText := AValue;
SetLength(Result, LSplited.Count);
for LIndex := 0 to LSplited.Count - 1 do
begin
Result[LIndex] := LSplited[LIndex];
end;
finally
LSplited.Free;
end;
end;
end.
I initially praised the answer from #Frank as I needed something that works for Delphi 6 and it appeared to work. However, I have since found that that solution has a bug whereby it still splits on #13#10 regardless of delimiter. Works perfectly if you are not expecting lines in your source string.
I wrote a simple parser that only works for single character delimiters. Note: it puts the values into a TStrings, not into an array as the op requested, but can easily be modified to adapt to arrays.
Here is the procedure:
procedure SplitString(const ASource: string; const ADelimiter: Char; AValues: TStrings);
var
i, lastDelimPos: Integer;
begin
AValues.Clear;
lastDelimPos := 0;
for i := 1 to Length(ASource) do
if ASource[i] = ADelimiter then
begin
if lastDelimPos = 0 then
AValues.Add(CopyRange(ASource, 1, i - 1))
else
AValues.Add(CopyRange(ASource, lastDelimPos + 1, i - 1));
lastDelimPos := i;
end;
if lastDelimPos = 0 then
AValues.Add(ASource)
else
AValues.Add(CopyRange(ASource, lastDelimPos + 1, MaxInt));
end;
function CopyRange(const s: string; const AIndexFrom, AIndexTo: Integer): string;
begin
Result := Copy(s, AIndexFrom, AIndexTo - AIndexFrom + 1);
end;
Note: as per C#'s string.Split(), a blank input string will result in a single blank string in the TStrings. Similarly, just having a delimiter by itself as the input string would result in two blank strings in the TStrings.
Here is the rough test code I used to ensure it's solid:
procedure AddTest(const ATestLine: string; const AExpectedResult: array of string);
var
expectedResult: TStringList;
i: Integer;
begin
expectedResult := TStringList.Create;
for i := 0 to Length(AExpectedResult) - 1 do
expectedResult.Add(AExpectedResult[i]);
testStrings.AddObject(ATestLine, expectedResult);
end;
//====================
AddTest('test', ['test']);
AddTest('', ['']);
AddTest(',', ['', '']);
AddTest('line1' + #13#10 + ',line 2,line3, line 4', ['line1' + #13#10, 'line 2', 'line3', ' line 4']);
AddTest('line1' + #13#10 + 'd,line 2,line3, line 4', ['line1' + #13#10 + 'd', 'line 2', 'line3', ' line 4']);
AddTest('line1,line 2,line3, line 4', ['line1', 'line 2', 'line3', ' line 4']);
AddTest('test, ', ['test', ' ']);
AddTest('test,', ['test', '']);
AddTest('test1,test2 ', ['test1', 'test2 ']);
AddTest('test1,test2', ['test1', 'test2']);
AddTest('test1,test2, ', ['test1', 'test2', ' ']);
AddTest('test1,test2,', ['test1', 'test2', '']);
//====================
testFailed := False;
for i := 0 to testStrings.Count - 1 do
begin
SplitString2(testStrings[i], ',', f);
log('Test ID=%d', [i]);
log(' Test String="%s"', [testStrings[i]]);
log(' Item count=%d', [f.Count]);
testResult := TStringList(TestStrings.Objects[i]);
if testResult.Count <> f.Count then
begin
Log('!!');
Log('!! Count mismatch. Got=%d, Expected=%d', [f.Count, testResult.Count]);
Log('!!');
testFailed := True;
end;
for j := 0 to f.Count - 1 do
begin
log(' Item %d="%s" (len=%d)', [j, f[j], Length(f[j])]);
if testResult[j] <> f[j] then
begin
Log('!!');
Log('!! Text mismatch. Got="%s", Expected="%s"', [f[j], testResult[j]]);
Log('!!');
testFailed := True;
end;
end;
end;
Edit: code for the CopyRange() function was missing, added now. My bad.
How can i extract randomstring between A & B. For example:
A randomstring B
Assuming that "randomstring" doesn't contain the enclosing strings "A" or "B", you can use two calls to pos to extract the string:
function ExtractBetween(const Value, A, B: string): string;
var
aPos, bPos: Integer;
begin
result := '';
aPos := Pos(A, Value);
if aPos > 0 then begin
aPos := aPos + Length(A);
bPos := PosEx(B, Value, aPos);
if bPos > 0 then begin
result := Copy(Value, aPos, bPos - aPos);
end;
end;
end;
The function will return an empty string when either A or B are not found.
Another approach:
function ExtractTextBetween(const Input, Delim1, Delim2: string): string;
var
aPos, bPos: Integer;
begin
result := '';
aPos := Pos(Delim1, Input);
if aPos > 0 then begin
bPos := PosEx(Delim2, Input, aPos + Length(Delim1));
if bPos > 0 then begin
result := Copy(Input, aPos + Length(Delim1), bPos - (aPos + Length(Delim1)));
end;
end;
end;
Form1.Caption:= ExtractTextBetween('something?lol/\http','something?','/\http');
Result = lol
Answer with regular expression :)
uses RegularExpressions;
...
function ExtractStringBetweenDelims(Input : String; Delim1, Delim2 : String) : String;
var
Pattern : String;
RegEx : TRegEx;
Match : TMatch;
begin
Result := '';
Pattern := Format('^%s(.*?)%s$', [Delim1, Delim2]);
RegEx := TRegEx.Create(Pattern);
Match := RegEx.Match(Input);
if Match.Success and (Match.Groups.Count > 1) then
Result := Match.Groups[1].Value;
end;
procedure TForm1.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
begin
ShowMessage(ExtractStringBetweenDelims('aStartThisIsWhatIWantTheEnd', 'aStart', 'TheEnd'));
end;
I'm trying to find a Delphi function that will split an input string into an array of strings based on a delimiter. I've found a lot from searching the web, but all seem to have their own issues and I haven't been able to get any of them to work.
I just need to split a string like:
"word:doc,txt,docx" into an array based on ':'. The result would be
['word', 'doc,txt,docx']. How can I do that?
you can use the TStrings.DelimitedText property for split an string
check this sample
program Project28;
{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}
uses
Classes,
SysUtils;
procedure Split(Delimiter: Char; Str: string; ListOfStrings: TStrings) ;
begin
ListOfStrings.Clear;
ListOfStrings.Delimiter := Delimiter;
ListOfStrings.StrictDelimiter := True; // Requires D2006 or newer.
ListOfStrings.DelimitedText := Str;
end;
var
OutPutList: TStringList;
begin
OutPutList := TStringList.Create;
try
Split(':', 'word:doc,txt,docx', OutPutList) ;
Writeln(OutPutList.Text);
Readln;
finally
OutPutList.Free;
end;
end.
UPDATE
See this link for an explanation of StrictDelimiter.
There is no need for engineering a Split function. It already exists, see: Classes.ExtractStrings.
Use it in a following manner:
program Project1;
{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}
uses
Classes;
var
List: TStrings;
begin
List := TStringList.Create;
try
ExtractStrings([':'], [], PChar('word:doc,txt,docx'), List);
WriteLn(List.Text);
ReadLn;
finally
List.Free;
end;
end.
And to answer the question fully; List represents the desired array with the elements:
List[0] = 'word'
List[1] = 'doc,txt,docx'
You can use StrUtils.SplitString.
function SplitString(const S, Delimiters: string): TStringDynArray;
Its description from the documentation:
Splits a string into different parts delimited by the specified
delimiter characters.
SplitString splits a string into different parts delimited by the specified delimiter characters. S is the string to be split.
Delimiters is a string containing the characters defined as delimiters.
SplitString returns an array of strings of type System.Types.TStringDynArray that contains the split parts of the
original string.
Using the SysUtils.TStringHelper.Split function, introduced in Delphi XE3:
var
MyString: String;
Splitted: TArray<String>;
begin
MyString := 'word:doc,txt,docx';
Splitted := MyString.Split([':']);
end.
This will split a string with a given delimiter into an array of strings.
I always use something similar to this:
Uses
StrUtils, Classes;
Var
Str, Delimiter : String;
begin
// Str is the input string, Delimiter is the delimiter
With TStringList.Create Do
try
Text := ReplaceText(S,Delim,#13#10);
// From here on and until "finally", your desired result strings are
// in strings[0].. strings[Count-1)
finally
Free; //Clean everything up, and liberate your memory ;-)
end;
end;
Similar to the Explode() function offered by Mef, but with a couple of differences (one of which I consider a bug fix):
type
TArrayOfString = array of String;
function SplitString(const aSeparator, aString: String; aMax: Integer = 0): TArrayOfString;
var
i, strt, cnt: Integer;
sepLen: Integer;
procedure AddString(aEnd: Integer = -1);
var
endPos: Integer;
begin
if (aEnd = -1) then
endPos := i
else
endPos := aEnd + 1;
if (strt < endPos) then
result[cnt] := Copy(aString, strt, endPos - strt)
else
result[cnt] := '';
Inc(cnt);
end;
begin
if (aString = '') or (aMax < 0) then
begin
SetLength(result, 0);
EXIT;
end;
if (aSeparator = '') then
begin
SetLength(result, 1);
result[0] := aString;
EXIT;
end;
sepLen := Length(aSeparator);
SetLength(result, (Length(aString) div sepLen) + 1);
i := 1;
strt := i;
cnt := 0;
while (i <= (Length(aString)- sepLen + 1)) do
begin
if (aString[i] = aSeparator[1]) then
if (Copy(aString, i, sepLen) = aSeparator) then
begin
AddString;
if (cnt = aMax) then
begin
SetLength(result, cnt);
EXIT;
end;
Inc(i, sepLen - 1);
strt := i + 1;
end;
Inc(i);
end;
AddString(Length(aString));
SetLength(result, cnt);
end;
Differences:
aMax parameter limits the number of strings to be returned
If the input string is terminated by a separator then a nominal "empty" final string is deemed to exist
Examples:
SplitString(':', 'abc') returns : result[0] = abc
SplitString(':', 'a:b:c:') returns : result[0] = a
result[1] = b
result[2] = c
result[3] = <empty string>
SplitString(':', 'a:b:c:', 2) returns: result[0] = a
result[1] = b
It is the trailing separator and notional "empty final element" that I consider the bug fix.
I also incorporated the memory allocation change I suggested, with refinement (I mistakenly suggested the input string might at most contain 50% separators, but it could conceivably of course consist of 100% separator strings, yielding an array of empty elements!)
Explode is very high speed function, source alhoritm get from TStrings component.
I use next test for explode:
Explode 134217733 bytes of data, i get 19173962 elements, time of work: 2984 ms.
Implode is very low speed function, but i write it easy.
{ ****************************************************************************** }
{ Explode/Implode (String <> String array) }
{ ****************************************************************************** }
function Explode(S: String; Delimiter: Char): Strings; overload;
var I, C: Integer; P, P1: PChar;
begin
SetLength(Result, 0);
if Length(S) = 0 then Exit;
P:=PChar(S+Delimiter); C:=0;
while P^ <> #0 do begin
P1:=P;
while (P^ <> Delimiter) do P:=CharNext(P);
Inc(C);
while P^ in [#1..' '] do P:=CharNext(P);
if P^ = Delimiter then begin
repeat
P:=CharNext(P);
until not (P^ in [#1..' ']);
end;
end;
SetLength(Result, C);
P:=PChar(S+Delimiter); I:=-1;
while P^ <> #0 do begin
P1:=P;
while (P^ <> Delimiter) do P:=CharNext(P);
Inc(I); SetString(Result[I], P1, P-P1);
while P^ in [#1..' '] do P:=CharNext(P);
if P^ = Delimiter then begin
repeat
P:=CharNext(P);
until not (P^ in [#1..' ']);
end;
end;
end;
function Explode(S: String; Delimiter: Char; Index: Integer): String; overload;
var I: Integer; P, P1: PChar;
begin
if Length(S) = 0 then Exit;
P:=PChar(S+Delimiter); I:=1;
while P^ <> #0 do begin
P1:=P;
while (P^ <> Delimiter) do P:=CharNext(P);
SetString(Result, P1, P-P1);
if (I <> Index) then Inc(I) else begin
SetString(Result, P1, P-P1); Exit;
end;
while P^ in [#1..' '] do P:=CharNext(P);
if P^ = Delimiter then begin
repeat
P:=CharNext(P);
until not (P^ in [#1..' ']);
end;
end;
end;
function Implode(S: Strings; Delimiter: Char): String;
var iCount: Integer;
begin
Result:='';
if (Length(S) = 0) then Exit;
for iCount:=0 to Length(S)-1 do
Result:=Result+S[iCount]+Delimiter;
System.Delete(Result, Length(Result), 1);
end;
var
su : string; // What we want split
si : TStringList; // Result of splitting
Delimiter : string;
...
Delimiter := ';';
si.Text := ReplaceStr(su, Delimiter, #13#10);
Lines in si list will contain splitted strings.
You can make your own function which returns TArray of string:
function mySplit(input: string): TArray<string>;
var
delimiterSet: array [0 .. 0] of char;
// split works with char array, not a single char
begin
delimiterSet[0] := '&'; // some character
result := input.Split(delimiterSet);
end;
Here is an implementation of an explode function which is available in many other programming languages as a standard function:
type
TStringDynArray = array of String;
function Explode(const Separator, S: string; Limit: Integer = 0): TStringDynArray;
var
SepLen: Integer;
F, P: PChar;
ALen, Index: Integer;
begin
SetLength(Result, 0);
if (S = '') or (Limit < 0) then Exit;
if Separator = '' then
begin
SetLength(Result, 1);
Result[0] := S;
Exit;
end;
SepLen := Length(Separator);
ALen := Limit;
SetLength(Result, ALen);
Index := 0;
P := PChar(S);
while P^ <> #0 do
begin
F := P;
P := AnsiStrPos(P, PChar(Separator));
if (P = nil) or ((Limit > 0) and (Index = Limit - 1)) then P := StrEnd(F);
if Index >= ALen then
begin
Inc(ALen, 5);
SetLength(Result, ALen);
end;
SetString(Result[Index], F, P - F);
Inc(Index);
if P^ <> #0 then Inc(P, SepLen);
end;
if Index < ALen then SetLength(Result, Index);
end;
Sample usage:
var
res: TStringDynArray;
begin
res := Explode(':', yourString);
I wrote this function which returns linked list of separated strings by specific delimiter. Pure free pascal without modules.
Program split_f;
type
PTItem = ^TItem;
TItem = record
str : string;
next : PTItem;
end;
var
s : string;
strs : PTItem;
procedure split(str : string;delim : char;var list : PTItem);
var
i : integer;
buff : PTItem;
begin
new(list);
buff:= list;
buff^.str:='';
buff^.next:=nil;
for i:=1 to length(str) do begin
if (str[i] = delim) then begin
new(buff^.next);
buff:=buff^.next;
buff^.str := '';
buff^.next := nil;
end
else
buff^.str:= buff^.str+str[i];
end;
end;
procedure print(var list:PTItem);
var
buff : PTItem;
begin
buff := list;
while buff<>nil do begin
writeln(buff^.str);
buff:= buff^.next;
end;
end;
begin
s := 'Hi;how;are;you?';
split(s, ';', strs);
print(strs);
end.
Jedi Code Library provides an enhanced StringList with built-in Split function, that is capable of both adding and replacing the existing text. It also provides reference-counted interface. So this can be used even with older Delphi versions that have no SplitStrings and without careful and a bit tedious customizations of stock TStringList to only use specified delimiters.
For example given text file of lines like Dog 5 4 7 one can parse them using:
var slF, slR: IJclStringList; ai: TList<integer>; s: string; i: integer;
action: procedure(const Name: string; Const Data: array of integer);
slF := TJclStringList.Create; slF.LoadFromFile('some.txt');
slR := TJclStringList.Create;
for s in slF do begin
slR.Split(s, ' ', true);
ai := TList<Integer>.Create;
try
for i := 1 to slR.Count - 1 do
ai.Add(StrToInt(slR[i]));
action(slR[0], ai.ToArray);
finally ai.Free; end;
end;
http://wiki.delphi-jedi.org/wiki/JCL_Help:IJclStringList.Split#string#string#Boolean
This will solve your problem
interface
TArrayStr = Array Of string;
implementation
function SplitString(Text: String): TArrayStr;
var
intIdx: Integer;
intIdxOutput: Integer;
const
Delimiter = ';';
begin
intIdxOutput := 0;
SetLength(Result, 1);
Result[0] := '';
for intIdx := 1 to Length(Text) do
begin
if Text[intIdx] = Delimiter then
begin
intIdxOutput := intIdxOutput + 1;
SetLength(Result, Length(Result) + 1);
end
else
Result[intIdxOutput] := Result[intIdxOutput] + Text[intIdx];
end;
end;
My favourite function for splitting:
procedure splitString(delim: char; s: string; ListOfStrings: TStrings);
var temp: string;
i: integer;
begin
ListOfStrings.Clear;
for i:=1 to length(s) do
begin
if s[i] = delim then
begin
ListOfStrings.add(temp);
temp := '';
end
else
begin
temp := temp + s[i];
if i=length(s) then
ListOfStrings.add(temp);
end;
end;
ListOfStrings.add(temp);
end;
*
//Basic functionality of a TStringList solves this:
uses Classes //TStringList
,types //TStringDynArray
,SysUtils //StringReplace()
;
....
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------
function _SplitString(const s:string; const delimiter:Char):TStringDynArray;
var sl:TStringList;
i:integer;
begin
sl:=TStringList.Create;
//separete delimited items by sLineBreak;TStringlist will do the job:
sl.Text:=StringReplace(s,delimiter,sLineBreak,[rfReplaceAll]);
//return the splitted string as an array:
setlength(Result,sl.count);
for i:=0 to sl.Count-1
do Result[i]:=sl[i];
sl.Free;
end;
//To split a FileName (last item will be the pure filename itselfs):
function _SplitPath(const fn:TFileName):TStringDynArray;
begin
result:=_SplitString(fn,'\');
end;
*
The base of NGLG answer https://stackoverflow.com/a/8811242/6619626 you can use the following function:
type
OurArrayStr=array of string;
function SplitString(DelimeterChars:char;Str:string):OurArrayStr;
var
seg: TStringList;
i:integer;
ret:OurArrayStr;
begin
seg := TStringList.Create;
ExtractStrings([DelimeterChars],[], PChar(Str), seg);
for i:=0 to seg.Count-1 do
begin
SetLength(ret,length(ret)+1);
ret[length(ret)-1]:=seg.Strings[i];
end;
SplitString:=ret;
seg.Free;
end;
It works in all Delphi versions.
For delphi 2010, you need to create your own split function.
function Split(const Texto, Delimitador: string): TStringArray;
var
i: integer;
Len: integer;
PosStart: integer;
PosDel: integer;
TempText:string;
begin
i := 0;
SetLength(Result, 1);
Len := Length(Delimitador);
PosStart := 1;
PosDel := Pos(Delimitador, Texto);
TempText:= Texto;
while PosDel > 0 do
begin
Result[i] := Copy(TempText, PosStart, PosDel - PosStart);
PosStart := PosDel + Len;
TempText:=Copy(TempText, PosStart, Length(TempText));
PosDel := Pos(Delimitador, TempText);
PosStart := 1;
inc(i);
SetLength(Result, i + 1);
end;
Result[i] := Copy(TempText, PosStart, Length(TempText));
end;
You can refer to it as such
type
TStringArray = array of string;
var Temp2:TStringArray;
Temp1="hello:world";
Temp2=Split(Temp1,':')
procedure SplitCSV(S:STRING;out SL:TStringList);
var c,commatext:string;
a,b,up:integer;
begin
c:=s.Replace(' ','<SPACE>'); //curate spaces
//first ocurrence of "
a:=pos('"',c);
b:=pos('"',c,a+1);
if (a>0) and (b>0) then
begin
commatext:=commatext+copy(c,0,a-1);
commatext:=commatext+copy(c,a,b-a+1).Replace(',','<COMMA>'); //curate commas
up:=b+1;
end
else
commatext:=c;
//while continue discovering "
while (a>0) and (b>0) do
begin
a:=Pos('"',c,b+1);
b:=pos('"',c,a+1);
if (a>0) and (b>0) then
begin
commatext:=commatext+copy(c,up,a-up);
commatext:=commatext+copy(c,a,b-a+1).Replace(',','<COMMA>'); //curate commas
up:=b+1;
end;
end;
//last piece of text end
if up<c.Length then
commatext:=commatext+copy(c,up,c.Length-up+1);
//split text using CommaText
sl.CommaText:=commatext;
sl.Text:=sl.Text.Replace('<COMMA>',','); //curate commas
sl.Text:=sl.Text.Replace('<SPACE>',' '); //curate spaces
end;
interface
uses
Classes;
type
TStringArray = array of string;
TUtilStr = class
class function Split(const AValue: string; const ADelimiter: Char = ';'; const AQuoteChar: Char = '"'): TStringArray; static;
end;
implementation
{ TUtilStr }
class function TUtilStr.Split(const AValue: string; const ADelimiter: Char; const AQuoteChar: Char): TStringArray;
var
LSplited: TStringList;
LText: string;
LIndex: Integer;
begin
LSplited := TStringList.Create;
try
LSplited.StrictDelimiter := True;
LSplited.Delimiter := ADelimiter;
LSplited.QuoteChar := AQuoteChar;
LSplited.DelimitedText := AValue;
SetLength(Result, LSplited.Count);
for LIndex := 0 to LSplited.Count - 1 do
begin
Result[LIndex] := LSplited[LIndex];
end;
finally
LSplited.Free;
end;
end;
end.
I initially praised the answer from #Frank as I needed something that works for Delphi 6 and it appeared to work. However, I have since found that that solution has a bug whereby it still splits on #13#10 regardless of delimiter. Works perfectly if you are not expecting lines in your source string.
I wrote a simple parser that only works for single character delimiters. Note: it puts the values into a TStrings, not into an array as the op requested, but can easily be modified to adapt to arrays.
Here is the procedure:
procedure SplitString(const ASource: string; const ADelimiter: Char; AValues: TStrings);
var
i, lastDelimPos: Integer;
begin
AValues.Clear;
lastDelimPos := 0;
for i := 1 to Length(ASource) do
if ASource[i] = ADelimiter then
begin
if lastDelimPos = 0 then
AValues.Add(CopyRange(ASource, 1, i - 1))
else
AValues.Add(CopyRange(ASource, lastDelimPos + 1, i - 1));
lastDelimPos := i;
end;
if lastDelimPos = 0 then
AValues.Add(ASource)
else
AValues.Add(CopyRange(ASource, lastDelimPos + 1, MaxInt));
end;
function CopyRange(const s: string; const AIndexFrom, AIndexTo: Integer): string;
begin
Result := Copy(s, AIndexFrom, AIndexTo - AIndexFrom + 1);
end;
Note: as per C#'s string.Split(), a blank input string will result in a single blank string in the TStrings. Similarly, just having a delimiter by itself as the input string would result in two blank strings in the TStrings.
Here is the rough test code I used to ensure it's solid:
procedure AddTest(const ATestLine: string; const AExpectedResult: array of string);
var
expectedResult: TStringList;
i: Integer;
begin
expectedResult := TStringList.Create;
for i := 0 to Length(AExpectedResult) - 1 do
expectedResult.Add(AExpectedResult[i]);
testStrings.AddObject(ATestLine, expectedResult);
end;
//====================
AddTest('test', ['test']);
AddTest('', ['']);
AddTest(',', ['', '']);
AddTest('line1' + #13#10 + ',line 2,line3, line 4', ['line1' + #13#10, 'line 2', 'line3', ' line 4']);
AddTest('line1' + #13#10 + 'd,line 2,line3, line 4', ['line1' + #13#10 + 'd', 'line 2', 'line3', ' line 4']);
AddTest('line1,line 2,line3, line 4', ['line1', 'line 2', 'line3', ' line 4']);
AddTest('test, ', ['test', ' ']);
AddTest('test,', ['test', '']);
AddTest('test1,test2 ', ['test1', 'test2 ']);
AddTest('test1,test2', ['test1', 'test2']);
AddTest('test1,test2, ', ['test1', 'test2', ' ']);
AddTest('test1,test2,', ['test1', 'test2', '']);
//====================
testFailed := False;
for i := 0 to testStrings.Count - 1 do
begin
SplitString2(testStrings[i], ',', f);
log('Test ID=%d', [i]);
log(' Test String="%s"', [testStrings[i]]);
log(' Item count=%d', [f.Count]);
testResult := TStringList(TestStrings.Objects[i]);
if testResult.Count <> f.Count then
begin
Log('!!');
Log('!! Count mismatch. Got=%d, Expected=%d', [f.Count, testResult.Count]);
Log('!!');
testFailed := True;
end;
for j := 0 to f.Count - 1 do
begin
log(' Item %d="%s" (len=%d)', [j, f[j], Length(f[j])]);
if testResult[j] <> f[j] then
begin
Log('!!');
Log('!! Text mismatch. Got="%s", Expected="%s"', [f[j], testResult[j]]);
Log('!!');
testFailed := True;
end;
end;
end;
Edit: code for the CopyRange() function was missing, added now. My bad.
Is it possible to pass a string as a TSysCharSet variable?
This does not compile of course:
var
AValidChars: SysUtils.TSysCharSet;
AResult: string;
begin
// Edit1.Text can contain 0..9 or a..z
AValidChars := SysUtils.TSysCharSet( [Edit1.Text] );
end;
Thanks,
Bill
No, it is not possible to simply pass a string as a TSysCharSet.
What you can do however is to create a TSysCharSet which contains all the chars in the string. This code would do this:
var
AValidChars: SysUtils.TSysCharSet;
s: AnsiString;
i: integer;
begin
// Edit1.Text can contain 0..9 or a..z
AValidChars := [];
s := Edit1.Text;
for i := 1 to Length(s) do
Include(AValidChars, s[i]);
end;
If you are not using an earlier Delphi version you could also make use of "for ... in" instead of the loop above:
var
AValidChars: SysUtils.TSysCharSet;
c: AnsiChar;
begin
// Edit1.Text can contain 0..9 or a..z
AValidChars := [];
for c in Edit1.Text do
Include(AValidChars, c);
end;
Note that in both code snippets AnsiString / AnsiChar is used, as this technique will not work with WideString or the Unicode string type introduced with Delphi 2009.
Many thanks to Craig Stuntz, Ken White and Rob Kennedy for their very valuable comments, I have edited this answer to address all of their points.
If in your Edit1.Text you have the string:
'0..9'
Then the following code should help you:
var
AValidChars: SysUtils.TSysCharSet;
StartChar, EndChar: char;
c: char;
begin
StartChar := Edit1.Text[1]; // some validation should be done
EndChar := Edit1.Text[4];
AValidChars := [];
for c := StartChar to EndChar do
Include(AValidChars, c);
end;
A Delphi/Pascal parser can be used to validate the input.
Update:
More elaborated function supporting set constructors:
function StrToSysCharSet(const S: string): TSysCharSet;
var
Elements: TStringList;
CurrentElement: string;
StartChar, EndChar: char;
c: char;
i: Integer;
p: Integer;
function ReadChar: Char;
begin
Result := CurrentElement[p];
Inc(p);
end;
function NextIsDotDot: Boolean;
begin
Result := '..' = Copy(CurrentElement, p, 2);
end;
begin
Elements := TStringList.Create;
try
Elements.CommaText := S;
Result := [];
for i := 0 to Elements.Count - 1 do
begin
CurrentElement := Trim(Elements[i]);
p := 1;
StartChar := ReadChar;
if NextIsDotDot then
begin
Inc(p, 2);
EndChar := ReadChar;
for c := StartChar to EndChar do
Include(Result, c);
end
else
Include(Result, StartChar);
end;
finally
Elements.Free;
end;
end;
It can be used like this:
S := '0..9, a..z';
AValidChars := StrToSysCharSet(S);
or
S := '0..9 and a..z';
AValidChars := StrToSysCharSet(AnsiReplaceText(S, ' and ', ', '));
Adapting to support
S := '''0''..''9'' and ''a''..''z'''
is simple.