Use Regexp to replace optional match between charaters - ruby-on-rails

I'm trying to replace the html entity for a blank space with an actual space between occurrences of {{ and }}
Example example
"this is a gap {{ for user in users }}" =>
"this is a gap {{ for user in users }}"
I've found answers similar which had led me to write something like this (which doesn't work)
.gsub(/(?<=\{\{).*( ?).*(?=\}\})/,' ')
Any help with such a regex would be appreciated thanks!

You can do this with a complex regular expression I agree, but I find it simpler to use nested substitution. First use gsub to find the bracketed substrings and then use another to replace the entity.
string = 'this is a gap {{ for user in users }}'
result = string.gsub(/{{.*?}}/){ |s| s.gsub(/ /, ' ') }
# => "this is a gap {{ for user in users }}"

Single call to gsub using \K and \G
It's a bit tricky, but in Ruby 2.0+, we can do it with a compact regex thanks to the \K and \G tokens. Use this regex and replace with a space:
[^{}]*\K(?:{{|\G).*?\K (?=[^{]*})
See demo.
In Ruby:
result = subject.gsub(/[^{}]*\K(?:{{|\G).*?\K (?=[^{]*})/, ' ')
Explanation
[^{}]* matches any chars that are not braces
\K tells the engine to drop what was just matched
(?:{{|\G) either matches the opening curlies or asserts that we are positioned after the last match
.*?\K lazily matches chars (and drops them), up to...
Our match!
which, as the lookakead (?=[^{]*}) asserts, must be followed by any chars that are not an opening brace before meeting a closing brace

Related

How to remove from string before __

I am building a Rails 5.2 app.
In this app I got outputs from different suppliers (I am building a webshop).
The name of the shipping provider is in this format:
dhl_freight__233433
It could also be in this format:
postal__US-320202
How can I remove all that is before (and including) the __ so all that remains are the things after the ___ like for example 233433.
Perhaps some sort of RegEx.
A very simple approach would be to use String#split and then pick the second part that is the last part in this example:
"dhl_freight__233433".split('__').last
#=> "233433"
"postal__US-320202".split('__').last
#=> "US-320202"
You can use a very simple Regexp and a ask the resulting MatchData for the post_match part:
p "dhl_freight__233433".match(/__/).post_match
# another (magic) way to acces the post_match part:
p $'
Postscript: Learnt something from this question myself: you don't even have to use a RegExp for this to work. Just "asddfg__qwer".match("__").post_match does the trick (it does the conversion to regexp for you)
r = /[^_]+\z/
"dhl_freight__233433"[r] #=> "233433"
"postal__US-320202"[r] #=> "US-320202"
The regular expression matches one or more characters other than an underscore, followed by the end of the string (\z). The ^ at the beginning of the character class reads, "other than any of the characters that follow".
See String#[].
This assumes that the last underscore is preceded by an underscore. If the last underscore is not preceded by an underscore, in which case there should be no match, add a positive lookbehind:
r = /(?<=__[^_]+\z/
This requires the match to be preceded by two underscores.
There are many ruby ways to extract numbers from string. I hope you're trying to fetch numbers out of a string. Here are some of the ways to do so.
Ref- http://www.ruby-forum.com/topic/125709
line.delete("^0-9")
line.scan(/\d/).join('')
line.tr("^0-9", '')
In the above delete is the fastest to trim numbers out of strings.
All of above extracts numbers from string and joins them. If a string is like this "String-with-67829___numbers-09764" outut would be like this "6782909764"
In case if you want the numbers split like this ["67829", "09764"]
line.split(/[^\d]/).reject { |c| c.empty? }
Hope these answers help you! Happy coding :-)

Match a word or whitespaces in Lua

(Sorry for my broken English)
What I'm trying to do is matching a word (with or without numbers and special characters) or whitespace characters (whitespaces, tabs, optional new lines) in a string in Lua.
For example:
local my_string = "foo bar"
my_string:match(regex) --> should return 'foo', ' ', 'bar'
my_string = " 123!#." -- note: three whitespaces before '123!#.'
my_string:match(regex) --> should return ' ', ' ', ' ', '123!#.'
Where regex is the Lua regular expression pattern I'm asking for.
Of course I've done some research on Google, but I couldn't find anything useful. What I've got so far is [%s%S]+ and [%s+%S+] but it doesn't seem to work.
Any solution using the standart library, e.g. string.find, string.gmatch etc. is OK.
Match returns either captures or the whole match, your patterns do not define those. [%s%S]+ matches "(space or not space) multiple times more than once", basically - everything. [%s+%S+] is plain wrong, the character class [ ] is a set of single character members, it does not treat sequences of characters in any other way ("[cat]" matches "c" or "a"), nor it cares about +. The [%s+%S+] is probably "(a space or plus or not space or plus) single character"
The first example 'foo', ' ', 'bar' could be solved by:
regex="(%S+)(%s)(%S+)"
If you want a variable number of captures you are going to need the gmatch iterator:
local capt={}
for q,w,e in my_string:gmatch("(%s*)(%S+)(%s*)") do
if q and #q>0 then
table.insert(capt,q)
end
table.insert(capt,w)
if e and #e>0 then
table.insert(capt,e)
end
end
This will not however detect the leading spaces or discern between a single space and several, you'll need to add those checks to the match result processing.
Lua standard patterns are simplistic, if you are going to need more intricate matching, you might want to have a look at lua lpeg library.

Remove contents within a specific tag

Using Rails 3.2. I want to remove all text in <b> and the tags, but I manage to find ways to strip the tags only.:
string = "
<p>
<b>Section 1</b>
Everything is good.<br>
<b>Section 2</b>
All is well.
</p>"
string.strip_tags
# => "Section 1 Everthing is good. Section 2 All is well."
I want to achieve this:
"Everthing is good. All is well."
Should I add regex matching too?
The "right" way would be to use an html parser like Nokogiri.
However for this simple task, you may use a regex. It's quite simple:
Search for : (?m)<b\s*>.*?<\/b\s*> and replace it with empty string. After that, use strip_tags.
Regex explanation:
(?m) # set the m modifier to match newlines with dots .
<b # match <b
\s* # match a whitespace zero or more times
> # match >
.*? # match anything ungreedy until </b found
<\/b # match </b
\s* # match a whitespace zero or more times
> # match >
Online demo
It would be much better to use an HTML/XML parser for this task. Ruby does not have a native one, but Nokogiri is good and wraps libxml/xslt
doc = Nokogiri::XML string
doc.xpath("//b").remove
result = doc.text # or .inner_html to include `<p>`
You can do string.gsub(/<b>.*<\/b>/, '')
http://rubular.com/r/hhmpY6Q6fX
if you want to remove tags you can try this :
ActionController::Base.helpers.sanitize("test<br>test<br>test<br> test")
if you want to remove all the tags you need to use this :
ActionView::Base.full_sanitizer.sanitize("test<br>test<br>test<br> test")
these two differ slightly.the first one is good for script tags to prevent Xss attacks but it doesn't remove tages. the second one removes any html tags in the text.

string format check

Suppose I have string variables like following:
s1="10$"
s2="10$ I am a student"
s3="10$Good"
s4="10$ Nice weekend!"
As you see above, s2 and s4 have white space(s) after 10$ .
Generally, I would like to have a way to check if a string start with 10$ and have white-space(s) after 10$ . For example, The rule should find s2 and s4 in my above case. how to define such rule to check if a string start with '10$' and have white space(s) after?
What I mean is something like s2.RULE? should return true or false to tell if it is the matched string.
---------- update -------------------
please also tell the solution if 10# is used instead of 10$
You can do this using Regular Expressions (Ruby has Perl-style regular expressions, to be exact).
# For ease of demonstration, I've moved your strings into an array
strings = [
"10$",
"10$ I am a student",
"10$Good",
"10$ Nice weekend!"
]
p strings.find_all { |s| s =~ /\A10\$[ \t]+/ }
The regular expression breaks down like this:
The / at the beginning and the end tell Ruby that everything in between is part of the regular expression
\A matches the beginning of a string
The 10 is matched verbatim
\$ means to match a $ verbatim. We need to escape it since $ has a special meaning in regular expressions.
[ \t]+ means "match at least one blank and/or tab"
So this regular expressions says "Match every string that starts with 10$ followed by at least one blank or tab character". Using the =~ you can test strings in Ruby against this expression. =~ will return a non-nil value, which evaluates to true if used in a conditional like if.
Edit: Updated white space matching as per Asmageddon's suggestion.
this works:
"10$ " =~ /^10\$ +/
and returns either nil when false or 0 when true. Thanks to Ruby's rule, you can use it directly.
Use a regular expression like this one:
/10\$\s+/
EDIT
If you use =~ for matching, note that
The =~ operator returns the character position in the string of the
start of the match
So it might return 0 to denote a match. Only a return of nil means no match.
See for example http://www.regular-expressions.info/ruby.html on a regular expression tutorial for ruby.
If you want to proceed to cases with $ and # then try this regular expression:
/^10[\$#] +/

Removing lines that begin with > in a rails string

I'm trying to remove any lines that begin with the character '>' in a long string (i.e. replies to an email).
In PHP I'd iterate over each line with an if statement, in linux I'd try and use sed or awk.
What's the most elegant rails approach?
You can try this:
your_string.gsub(/^\>.+\n/,'')
Your question is implying that the input is one string, containing multiple lines.
Do you want the output to be just one string with multiple lines as well? I'm assuming yes.
either using String and Array operations:
str.lines.reject{|x| x =~ /^>/}.join # this will return a new string, without those ">" lines
or using Regular Expressions:
str.gsub(/^>.+\n*/. '')
Better Solution:
You will need to use non-greedy multi-line matching mode for your Regular Expression:
str.gsub(/^>.*?$\n*/m, '') # by using gsub!() you can modify the string in place
^> matches your ">" character at the start of a line
.*?$ matches any characters after the start character until the end of the line (non-greedy)
\n* matches the newline character itself if any (you want to remove that as well)
the "m" at the end of the regular expressions indicates multi-line matching , which will apply the RegExp for each line in the string.
It should work as you expect:
your_string.lines.to_a.reject{|line| line[0] == '>'}.join

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