Is array attribute for rails model wrong? - ruby-on-rails

I have rails model that can have three values a, b, and c.
It should be possible to assign none of them, one, of them, two of them or all of them.
My idea is that I can use this attribute as a string, and serialize it to use it as an array (for example [a, c], or [] or [a,b,c].
Using some strong validations it seems to me the logic way to go and I know rails can handle it.
Anyway I read everywhere that an array attribute is a wrong choice and that I should use an has_many relation.
Is there a good reason to have an has_many relation or it's an overkill for just a, b and c?
Another option would be to add three boolean attributes to my table (a:boolean, b:boolean, c:boolean) and work on that logic.
What is the best way to take for my scenario?

Rails 4 comes with native support for postgresql's array data type. So if you are using postgresql then you should use the array datatype instead of creating another model with has_many relationship.Although array datatype is not as fast as integer or string but considering the joins you have to perform it will give you some performance improvement.

Related

Dividing rails results into logical pairs

I have a model that can belong(s)_to 6 values of a related model. In my view, I want to display 2 of the values in one column, two in another column and two in the last column.
What's the best/easiest way to group these records for easy display. What I thought of so far:
Using group_by, but I cannot find any decent documentation on that
doing some kind of loop and store the results in a temporary array
Just do find.all and handle the logic in the view
Query the results from the relationship 3 times, once for each pair
What is your best practice?
1) In your model create 3 methods: column_1, column_2, and column_3 like:
def column_1
"#{association_1.field} #{association_2.field}"
end
2) In your query add includes on your belongs_to associations to make it run faster.
3) Call the methods in your view.
On the other hand, displaying complex things via model methods such as links and such, might be a bit ugly, and you might have to write those methods in a helper instead of your model.

Rails Migration Column Type Polymorphic

I've got a little situation that I'd like to take care of, but I don't even know if it's possible.
In my app, I have one model that can take a parameter value, this parameter can be either a string or an integer or a boolean.
Instead of doing two string column (in my migration) with one labeled as "type" (the type - really !) and the other labeled as "value" (for the... value ! Yes !) i was wondering if it was possible that there is only the column value remaining, with polymorphics types in there.
The Model represent a property on a taks. Theses properties can be : is this task's open (type "boolean" and value "true" for exemple) ? Does this task has a percentage (type "integer", value "20") ? Note that the table also have a column name.
Polymorphism in Rails is more about associations where the class of the related item is unknown - not database columns with a dynamic type.
While is possible to implement a dynamic column in a relational database using two string columns value and value_type and use a custom getter to typecast value its going to get really messy. Another possibility is to use a something like a HSTORE or JSON column type but again do you really need it? Is there a better way to structure your business logic than trying to jam everything into a single column?
I'm guessing that what you may be looking for is something like an enum to denote the state of your model.
class Ticket < ActiveRecord::Base
enum status: [ :open, :closed, :pending, :active ]
end
This would use an integer column named status.
If you wanted to store additional information it would be prudent to use an additional database column. Like if you want to monitor the progress you would create an integer database column named tickets.progress.
For your answer, yes it is possible, but don't do it that way.
It is possible to use string for all different cases:
"integer:100", "integer:23", etc.
"boolean:true", "boolean:false", etc.
you will need to identify each data type(use concat)and convert to a right type and only then you can use the value.
But it is completely wrong and its implementation is going to be very complicated. I strongly recommend not to use this example or something similar.
I think that this is a wrong database structure.
In general, if you have a case in which you have a column that you think can contain more than one data type - something is wrong in your database and you should make a 'redesign' of your database.
Usually the best practice is to separate to different columns. In your case, your column can get different types, each type represents different information. I think your table should have these columns:
status_id - will reference to another table, Status that will contain all possible statuses(if there are more than 2 options).
progress/percentage - integer.
My answer isn't relevant for relational databases.

converting a string attribute to an array of strings

I am working on a model in rails, which has a column type that can have more than one values. In other words, as the users enter data in its database, new values might also be entered for that column. So it is like a one-to-many association. However, since the number of values will be very few (maybe less than 10), I did not want to create a separate model for it. By mistake, I had defined it as a string, but now I want to make it an array of strings, which can grow. How can I do that?
Thanks in advance!
What you're looking for is the serialize method.
Simply call serialize :attribute_name, Array in your model.

Ruby on Rails: Saving multiple values in a single database cell

How do I save multiple values in a single cell record in Ruby on Rails applications?
If I have a table named Exp with columns named: Education, Experience, and Skill, what is the best practice if I want users to store multiple values such as: education institutions or skills in a single row?
I'd like to have users use multiple text fields, but should go into same cell record.
For instance if user has multiple skills, those skills should be in one cell? Would this be best or would it be better if I created a new table for just skills?
Please advise,
Thanks
I would not recommend storing multiple values in the same database column. It would make querying very difficult. For example, if you wanted to look for all the users with a particular skill set, the query would clumsy both on readability and performance.
However, there are still certain cases where it makes sense.
When you want to allow for variable list of data points
You are not going to query the data based on one of the values in the list
ActiveRecord has built-in support for this. You can store Hash or Array in a database column.
Just mark the columns as Text
rails g model Exp experience:text education:text skill:text
Next, serialize the columns in your Model code
class Exp < ActiveRecord::Base
serialize :experience, :education, :skill
# other model code
end
Now, you can just save the Hash or Array in the database field!
Exp.new(:skill => ['Cooking', 'Singing', 'Dancing'])
You can do it using a serialized list in a single column (comma-separated), but a really bad idea, read these answers for reasoning:
Is storing a delimited list in a database column really that bad?
How to store a list in a column of a database table
I suggest changing your schema to have a one to many relationship between users and skills.
Rails 4 and PostgreSQL comes with hstore support out of the box, more info here In rails 3 you can use gem to enable it.
It depends on what kind of functionality you want. If you want to bind the Exp model attributes with a form (for new and update operations) and put some validations on them, it is always better to keep it in a separate table. On the other hand, if these are just attributes, which you just need in database keep them in a single column. There is way by which you can keep the serialized object like arrays and hashes in database columns. Make them a array/hash as per your need and save it like this.
http://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActiveRecord/AttributeMethods/Serialization/ClassMethods.html#method-i-serialize
Serialized attributes, automatically deserializes when they are pulled out of tables and serialized automatically when saved.

efficiently storing "answers"

I'm building out an Answer ActiveRecord class that can have different types of answers. That is, the answer could be an integer, float, date, string... whatever...
The way I see it there are two ways to store the answers
1)
Have an attribute named "value" that is serialized.
This is nice since you can always access the answer from the same place. It probably sucks for searching answers since the data has to be de-serialized in order to be used (is this a correct assumption?)
2)
have several attributes integerValue, floatValue, etc...
This is easiest to search (if you know what type you're searching (which you probably do))
This sucks since the value isn't in the same place and need some hokey method like:
def value
stringValue||floatValue||integerValue
end
and some validations to ensure that only the correct one is set
What would you do??
I'd do one of two things:
Use single-table inheritance. Your table does contain those integerValue, floatValue, etc. fields; but it also contains a "type" field, and you'll subclass the Answer model to make IntegerAnswer, FloatAnswer, StringAnswer, etc. And then you can simply map the value accessor to one of those fields in each subclass. Look in the Agile book or Google on single-table inheritance in Rails for more on how to implement this.
Use a non-relational database. Something like MongoDB or CouchDB would render this problem moot; you could make value anything you wanted, or have multiple values per answer, or skip it entirely. I personally like Mongo with the MongoMapper gem, and if I had to address your use case that's the direction I'd go. It is getting away from ActiveRecord and "mainstream" Rails though, so you'd have to be comfortable with living at least a little on the edge.
What converting the value to a string in the database.
And using single table inheritance to define the type and retrieve the appropriate value.
You'd have one model Answer with two fields : one "value", which is a string.
And one "type", which is a string too and gets the type of the value.
Then for the float, you' have the following :
class FloatAnswer < Answer
def value
attributes['value'].to_f
end
end
When you do a Answer.find(:all), if the element has FloatAnswer as value, you will have a FloatAnswer object. Not an Answer one.
So you keep only one database field and always have the datas in the appropriate format.

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