My system was fine, but today, after installing MySQL server, I can't use the terminal to program my Rails application.
When I open a terminal session, I see:
Last login: Sun Dec 8 13:31:06 on console
-bash: [: missing `]'
-bash: rt: command not found
I tried searching for this error but can't find a solution.
I am running Mac 10.7 OS X.
No commands pertaining to Ruby on Rails are found.
I built an application and installed Rails, but when I run a Rails command I get:
Rails is not currently installed on this system. To get the latest version, simply type:
$ sudo gem install rails
You can then rerun your "rails" command.
How do I fix this?
My bashrc file contains only one line:
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.rvm/bin # Add RVM to PATH for scripting
My bash profile contains following:
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
[ [-s "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" ]] && source "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" # Load RVM into a shell session *as a function*
rt PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
I checked history and this is what I ran
vi .bash_profile
vi .bash_profile
user#computer:$ mysql -u root
mysql -u root
vi .bash_profile
mysql -u root
/usr/local/mysql-5.6.15-osx10.7-x86_64/bin/mysqld_safe ; exit;
mysql
What else can I show to help with this problem?
Your .bash_profile is messed up. Modify what looks like this:
[ [-s "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" ]] && source "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" # Load RVM into a shell session *as a function*
rt PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
To look like this:
[[-s "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" ]] && source "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" # Load RVM into a shell session *as a function*
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
As #TinMan pointed out, you'll want to remove the export PATH line from your .bashrc file.
I had a similar problem (although I'm running Ubuntu). When I opened a new terminal and navigated to my project root, I was surprised to find that Rails was not recognized as a program. I checked the version of Ruby and noted that there was a discrepancy between the two terminals I had open. When I tried to switch Ruby versions with RVM, I was told
You need to change your terminal emulator preferences to allow login shell.
Sometimes it is required to use `/bin/bash --login` as the command.
so I ran /bin/bash --login. Then, I was able to switch to Ruby 2.1.1 with RVM use ruby-2.1.1 and all my rails commands worked again.
Basically what happened is that RVM only installs gems locally for each Ruby verison. Unless you select the version of Ruby that you were using when you installed the gem, you won't be able to use the gem unless you reinstall it.
I came to this page after receiving this error with a slightly different cause. While the CDub's answer is directly applicable to OP's question, I would generally recommend users of Mac OS X Terminal who have this error to do the following:
Open ~/.bash_profile in a text editor.
Look for any instances of "rt" at the beginning of a line.
Change all instances to "export".
It looks like some packages out there are writing a command into ~/.bash_profile that Mac OS X does not like, and we need to manually correct this.
For reference, I am on OS 10.10.2.
Related
I am very new to Ruby on Rails. I have installed ruby, rails, gems, and RVM (and possibly some more RoR-associated files) via Mac OS terminal.
When I first installed these softwares, they seemed to work fine, and I could execute command lines like:
rails new 'project' or rails server
But then I messed around with git, directory, and some sudo bundle/gem commands a little bit because "bundle install" command wouldn't work. Honestly, I don't know what I have done, but all of these command lines have stopped working now.
They output various error messages, such as:
1) There was an error parsing 'Gemfile': Undefined local variable or method for Gemfile. Bundler cannot continue.
2) bash: /usr/local/bin/rails: /usr/local/opt/ruby/bin/ruby: bad interpreter: No such file or directory
3) ERROR: While executing gem ... (Gem::FilePermissionError)
You don't have write permissions
4) find spec_for exe': can't find gem bundler (>= 0.a) (Gem::GemNotFoundException)
I think there were more errors, but these are all I can remember for now. Obviously, I am getting some intimidating error messages that I don't understand.
So I have come to a conclusion that I should uninstall all Ruby, Rails, Gems, RVM, and Homebrew files. But even this task looks very challenging to me.
I have tried numerous command lines in an attempt to delete them, but when I type in "rails" on spotlight, I still see lots of rails-associated files. Also, when I type "ruby -v" on terminal, it is still showing the ruby 2.0.0p648 version.
When I type in "which ruby" on terminal, it says "/usr/bin/ruby
When I type in "which rails" on terminal, it says "usr/local/bin/rails
In short, I just want to delete all of these RoR-related files, softwares, and every trace of them, and reinstall them clean. Please please help me. I do not want to give up coding. Is it too late to say that I'm sorry?
#This is my .bash_profile
# Enable tab completion
source ~/.profile
# colors!
green="\[\033[0;32m\]"
blue="\[\033[0;34m\]"
purple="\[\033[0;35m\]"
reset="\[\033[0m\]"
# Change command prompt
source ~/git-prompt.sh
export GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE=1
# '\u' adds the name of the current user to the prompt
# '\$(__git_ps1)' adds git-related stuff
# '\W' adds the name of the current directory
export PS1="$purple\u$green\$(__git_ps1)$blue \W $ $reset"
alias subl="/Applications/Sublime\ Text\ 2.app/Contents/SharedSupport/bin/subl"
[[ -s "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" ]] && source "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" # Load RVM into a shell session *as a function*
export RBENV_ROOT=/usr/local/var/rbenv
if which rbenv > /dev/null; then eval "$(rbenv init -)"; fi
~
"~/.bash_profile" 21L, 720C
Ruby is installed on OS X by default. So you don't want to remove that, there are things that might require ruby that has nothing to do with rails or your rails projects, you should ignore it. (and you should probably not use spotlight for finding dev files, its just confusing as to what is safe and what is not to play with)
Secondly, you'll hardly EVER use sudo for any rails-related work on your mac, so if a tutorial wants you to run that command, don't.
And lastly, its possible it's not as bad as you think. So there's 2 steps. 1 - Fix your rvm environment and 2 - fix your gemfile
TO RESOLVE
--Start be reinstalling RVM
\curl -sSL https://get.rvm.io | bash
Now because it's changed your shell environment (added variables and aliases) and because you've changed some things that are unpredictable... Log out, and log back into your mac.
** Which ruby is in use now? **
which ruby
If you're system is still showing /usr/bin/ruby then you'll need to edit your shell profiles. Because I don't know what you might have done, or what shell env you're using I'll just be thorough. Any excess won't hurt.
You'll review (in the editor of your choice) 4 hidden files in your home directory
/Users/yourhome/.profile
/Users/yourhome/.bashrc
/Users/yourhome/.zshrc
/Users/yourhome/.bash_profile
If you're using bash, then make sure your bash_profile has in it
source ~/.profile
In the bashrc nad zshrc files make sure the rvm path exists
export PATH="$PATH:$HOME/.rvm/bin"
In the .profile file make sure this command exists
[[ -s "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" ]] && source "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" # Load RVM into a shell session *as a function*
-- Once you've saved your changes, log out and back in (you shouldn't have have to do this but again, just being thorough).
Once that is done, you should be able to install a ruby -
rvm install ruby-2.2.3
Now if you say rvm use ruby-2.2.3 and then which ruby, you should see a pointer to your home directory where rvm lives.
* Now to fix the Gemfile *
You have an encoding problem, which is what caused you the errors that made you see spots in the first place. If you paste the contents of the file here
(in a terminal in the directory of your rails project)
cat Gemfile
Paste those contents here and it can be fixed.
I know the above question is very common question. I have gone through multiple posts on this topic. But I didn't get any resolution.
I have installed rvm locally. We already have the installation files. SO went into the folder and run the install command.
$ ./install
Then I checked ./rvm folder in the Users home folde
$ cd ~/.rvm
folder exists. Hence Installation is successful.
Now I am typing rvm in the command line
$ rvm
I am getting below exception
$ rvm
-sh: rvm: command not found
After reading the multiple articles in stackoverflow on this issue, I learned that I have to add the below lines in .bash_profile as I am using Mac OSX 10.7.3
[[ -s "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" ]] && source "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm"
Even after I am getting same exception while typing rvm. Is there any thing extra I need to do? or Am I missing some thing? Please help
Steps to try out:
Log out and login to your system.
Open a new terminal and manually run
source $HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm
then
rvm
Check these work-arounds.
Update:
To avoid running
source $HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm
every time you open a terminal, include this line into ~/.MacOSX/environment in your Mac (This is similar to ~/.bashrc in GNU/Linux-based systems under $home aka ~ directory).
In my case, i am using Ubuntu Bash in Windows 10 and to fix the problem i used:
source /usr/local/rvm/scripts/rvm
For those that are doing this in 2018 just
add
source $HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm
to your .bash_profile within your home directory.
you need to enable login shell in terminal emulator preferences, sometimes it is needed to use /usr/bin/bash --login, here is an example https://rvm.io/integration/gnome-terminal/
after enabling login shell you need to close terminal application and open it fresh.
I just had to open a new Terminal session.
After I installed it using:
curl -sSL https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable --ruby
rvm install 2.2
For Ubuntu 18.04, I had to run the command below to solve the issue after rvm was installed using instruction from here.
source /usr/share/rvm/scripts/rvm
This is one of other options available for RVM:
source /etc/profile.d/rvm.sh
I have installed ruby via rvm on Mint 11 no problem. Installed gems, ditto. Installed rails via gem install rails, and when I type rails -v it returns the correct version. Until I close that terminal and reopen a terminal. When I do that and type rails -v I get the message
The program 'rails' is currently not installed. You can install it by typing: sudo apt-get install rails
If I then type
rvm use 1.9.2-p180 --default
and then type rails -v I again get the correct version...until I close the terminal.
I should add that I have added a path statement to my .bashrc pointing to the 1.9.2-p180 directory in my .rvm directory.
Typing ruby -v always returns the correct version.
Create .bashrc file and add .rvm command
$ sudo touch ~/.bashrc
$ sudo gedit ~/.bashrc
(Add line to .bashrc file)
if [[ -s "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" ]] ; then source "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" ; fi
Logout and Login OR just update user profile from .bashrc with following command
$ . ~/.bashrc
Try adding this command to your .profile and reopening your shell:
[[ -s "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" ]] && source "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" # This loads RVM into a shell session.
Use project rvmrc files. You can see how to set this up here http://beginrescueend.com/rvm/best-practices/
That way you keep all your gems seperate for each project and it's dead simple to set up
Try which rails. Maybe there is a link to a stub that gives you the note.
If that is the case calling the full path might help, e.g. /usr/local/bin/rails
Based on my previous thread : RVM installed by Ruby not working? where i had installed RVM using the root user, I then had to entirely remove the RVM install and now i am installing as a user.
So i did :
Create a new user by doing : useradd newuser
Follow the instructions on the RVM website and execute the command : bash < <( curl http://rvm.beginrescueend.com/releases/rvm-install-head )
Now, i get the error : mkdir: cannot create directory `/usr/local/rvm': Permission denied
The new user i created does not have access to this directory. I manually tried creating the folder but the same error. Please help.
EDIT : The original problem occured because i did not restart the terminal and it was still using the old settings.
Now, I got a new problem : After installing RVM, i cannot run it and it gives me an error : rvm command not found.
Here is the output of my ~/.bash_profile
# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
export PATH
[[ -s "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" ]] && source "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" # This loads RVM into a shell session.
And here is output from ~/.bashrc file
# .bashrc
# Source global definitions
if [ -f /etc/bashrc ]; then
. /etc/bashrc
fi
# User specific aliases and functions
[[ -s "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" ]] && source "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" # This loads RVM into a shell session.
mkdir: cannot create directory `/usr/local/rvm': Permission denied
If you've run the rvm installer as root previously, remove /usr/local/rvm and /etc/rvmrc.
RVM is easy to install, but you are making it harder by trying to mix and match installation types. You do NOT need to create a new user. When run, RVM will create a directory in your home directory: ~/.rvm, and install everything inside it. That means you will have all the correct permissions. You do NOT need to be running as root, you do NOT need to use sudo. I'd recommend closing all your command-lines and open one fresh and start at your home directory. If you are running as root, log out, and log back in to your normal account. For a single-user install you do NOT need to be root.
For a single user, using RVM as their Ruby sandbox, use the single-user installation docs. Follow ALL the instructions on that page, INCLUDING the "Post Install" section.
Close your terminal window, and reopen it. If you have correctly followed the instructions above, typing rvm info should spit out a template of what is to come once you install a Ruby instance. If you see nothing output, or get an error, then retrace your steps in the "Post Install" section, and go through the "Troubleshooting" section. Most of the problems people have occur because they didn't bother to read the directions.
Once RVM is installed, type rvm notes and read what dependencies you need to install. If you do not add those files your Rubies installed will be missing functionality. They will work, but some of the creature comforts you'll hear about won't work and you will wonder why.
After installing the dependencies you should be in good shape to install Rubies. Type rvm list known for all the Rubies RVM can install. If you want 1.8.7 type rvm install 1.8.7, and, similarly, rvm install 1.9.2 for Ruby 1.9.2. If you want a particular revision you can add that, based on the ones in the list.
It's important to periodically update RVM using rvm get head. That will add features, fix bugs, and tell RVM about new versions of Ruby it can install if you request.
After installing a Ruby, type rvm list and it should show up in the list, looking something like this:
rvm rubies
ruby-1.8.7-p334 [ x86_64 ]
ruby-1.9.2-p180 [ x86_64 ]
Type rvm use 1.9.2 --default to set a default Ruby that will be sticky between logins. Use the version of whatever Ruby you want to default to if 1.9.2 doesn't float your boat. Once you've defined a default it should look something like:
rvm rubies
ruby-1.8.7-p334 [ x86_64 ]
=> ruby-1.9.2-p180 [ x86_64 ]
Before you begin installing gems into a RVM-managed Ruby, read "RVM and RubyGems ", in particular the part that says "DO NOT use sudo... ". I repeat. Do NOT use sudo to install any gems, in spite of what some blog or web page says. RVM's author knows better when it comes to working with RVM controlled Rubies. That is another mistake people use with RVM, again as a result of not reading the directions.
On Mac OS, you'll need the latest version of XCode for your OS. Do NOT use the XCode that came with Snow Leopard on the DVD. It is buggy. Download and install a new version from Apple's Developer site. It's a free download requiring a free registration. It's a big file, approximately 8GB, so you'll want to start it and walk away. Install XCode, and you should be ready to have RVM install Rubies.
Finally, RVM installs easily, as will the Rubies you ask it to install. I have it on about four or five different machines and VMs on Mac OS, Ubuntu and CentOS. It takes me about a minute to install it and another minute to configure it and start installing a new Ruby. It really is that easy.
I had the original issue reported in this question, "mkdir: cannot create directory `/usr/local/rvm': Permission denied" when trying to install rvm.
This is my scenario and how I solved it - maybe this will help others with this same issue.
I have Ubuntu 11.04 installed on a laptop, I only have 1 user, the one I created at install time, named nathan. When I would try to install rvm as nathan, the rvm installer saw me as root and kept trying to install rvm globally, but since I wasn't really root, it couldn't get access to create directories in /usr/local/rvm.
I'm far from an expert with Ubuntu, so I'm sure there are easier/better ways to accomplish the things I did (and I would love to learn about them), but this worked for me:
I created a new user called rubydev
I logged in as rubydev, opened a terminal and typed:
rubydev~$ bash < <(curl -B http://rvm.beginrescueend.com/install/rvm)
rvm installed correctly and I logged out of rubydev
Signed back in as nathan, opened a terminal and typed "su" (you could do all this with sudo, I am lazy)
After successfully getting root, I typed the following commands:
root: /home/nathan# cp -R /home/rubydev/.rvm .
root: /home/nathan# chown -R nathan .rvm
root: /home/nathan# chgrp -R nathan .rvm
root: /home/nathan# exit
nathan~$ echo '[[ -s "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" ]] && . "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" # Load RVM function' >> ~/.bash_profile
nathan~$ echo 'export rvm_path="/home/nathan/.rvm"' > ~/.rvmrc
nathan~$ source .bash_profile
At this point, rvm was correctly installed under my home directory. To verify I typed:
nathan~$ type rvm | head -1
rvm is a function (if you don't get this response, something else is wrong)
Read the notes and installed any dependencies
nathan~$ rvm notes
I installed some rubies
nathan~$ rvm install 1.8.7-head
nathan~$ rvm install 1.9.2-head
Verified install
nathan~$ rvm list
rvm rubies
ruby-1.8.7-head [x86_64]
ruby-1.9.2-head [x86_64]
nathan~$ rvm use 1.9.2
using /home/nathan/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-head
nathan~$ rvm list
rvm rubies
ruby-1.8.7-head [x86_x64]
=> ruby-1.9.2-head [x86_x64]
Finally, I edited the preferences on the terminal itself to ensure the "Run command as as login shell" under the "Title and Command" tab was checked. It seems .bash_profile isn't otherwise processed.
I removed the rubydev user I created in step 1.
With all of that, I have a working rvm under Ubuntu 11.04 using my preferred username.
I solved this by adding
export rvm_path=~/.rvm
to ~/.bash_profile
If you first installed RVM as root and then uninstalled it. And now you are trying to install it as a non sudo user and you're getting the following error:
mkdir: cannot create directory `/usr/local/rvm': Permission denied
Make sure that you have logged out of the root session before trying to install under the user.
If you installing RVM as a user then the RVM folder should be generated in your home directory:
~/.rvm
Where there should be no permissions problems at all.
I would suggest it is picking up some old config that is left over from your system installation.
Ensure there is no /etc/rvmrc or $HOME/.rvmrc file left over because it might be using previously initialised variables from these files to construct an incorrect installation path.
if we look at this section of the bash script:
if [[ ${rvm_ignore_rvmrc:-0} -eq 0 ]]; then
for file in /etc/rvmrc "$HOME/.rvmrc " ; do
if [[ -s "$file" ]] ; then
source $file
fi
done
fi
It is trying to find one of these files, if it finds one if will run it possibly initialising rvm_path which will subsequently not be set as $HOME/.rvm by this command
rvm_path="${rvm_path:-"$HOME/.rvm"}"
I had the same issue. When I tried to create a gemset I would get a permission denied error. I just forgot to run the "rvm use 1.8.7" command first. After that I was able to create and use the gemset without any problems.
In lasts versions of rvm you need remove /etc/profile.d/ also.
This happen often if you try to install as root and then try again as a regular user.
Hope this help.
Look for file rvm.sh below /etc directory (It may be in /etc, or /etc/init.d).
Also, try some grep rvm /etc -r, so you can find some files/lines which prevent you from installing rvm in your $HOME dir.
For me running
__rvm_unload
Worked first, this was due to the fact that I had rvm installed as for multiuser.
If you installed rvm as root and you are getting permission denied issues (maybe you are deploying with capistrano as a non root user) then you could try rvm fix-permissions after doing things like rvm install 2.2.2 as root and creating a gemset as root.
Scott Bartell's solution worked for me. i am on a Digital Ocean premade image, where they had already setup rvm as root.
1. deleted /etc/rvmrc .
2. added export rvm_path=~/.rvm to ~/.bash_profile
3. logged out of ssh session to virtual machine
4. logged back in and presto!
would have commented but rep is 3 points too low :)
I'm going through the rails by example tutorial series. I'm trying my best to find solutions prior to asking questions, so if I have missed anything I apologise.
Every time I need to boot up RVM from the command line in terminal I need to punch a command so that RVM initialises: source ~/.rvm/scripts/rvm
Is this normal? It seems that I cant get the RVM commands to work unless I punch in this code prior. Note I only have to enter the command once, not every time I need to enter an RVM command.
Many thanks for your help.
Put this in your ~/.profile or ~/.bashrc:
# This loads RVM into a shell session.
[[ -s "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" ]] && . "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm"
So you don't have to manually type it for every session.
Further Tip
If you want to use gnome terminal (comes as standard in Ubuntu) with rvm, you can do the following:
Edit the default profile. Check the following setting:
"Run command as a login shell"
This will stop loading the standard .bashrc by default. Fix this by making a soft link of .rvmrc pointing at .bashrc in your home directory
cd
ln -s .bashrc .rvmrc
Try closing terminal and then re-opening it to install a specific version of Ruby as seen in this video at 2:32.
For example, I typed curl -L https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable --ruby
Then I quit and reopened the terminal, typed rvm install 2.2.3 and it worked.
If your rvm command is not found:
(to check, enter the command rvm list, which gives:)
/bin/bash: rvm: command not found
To solve it, follow these steps:
Install rvm
whereis rvm
rvm: /home/username/.rvm/bin/rvm
source ~/.rvm/bin/rvm
now test your rvm again
rvm list