I thought this should have been an easier task :
Edit:
It seems till this day Asp.Net MVC couldn't provide a neat solution on this case:
If you want to pass a simple string as a model and you don't have to define more classes and stuff to do so...
Any ideas ??
Pass simple string as a model
here I'm trying to have a simple string model.
I'm getting this error :
"Value cannot be null or empty" / "Parameter name: name"
The View :
#model string
#using (Html.BeginForm())
{
<span>Please Enter the code</span>
#Html.TextBoxFor(m => m) // Error Happens here
<button id="btnSubmit" title="Submit"></button>
}
The Controller :
public string CodeText { get; set; }
public HomeController()
{
CodeText = "Please Enter MHM";
}
[HttpGet]
public ActionResult Index()
{
return View("Index", null, CodeText);
}
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult Index(string code)
{
bool result = false;
if (code == "MHM")
result = true;
return View();
}
There's a much cleaner way of passing a string as a model into your view. You just need to use named parameters when returning your view:
[HttpGet]
public ActionResult Index()
{
string myStringModel = "I am passing this string as a model in the view";
return View(model:myStringModel);
}
I know you've already accepted an answer here - I'm adding this because there's a general gotcha associated with using a string model.
String as a model type in MVC is a nightmare, because if you do this in a controller:
string myStringModel = "Hello world";
return View("action", myStringModel);
It ends up choosing the wrong overload, and passing the myStringModel as a master name to the view engine.
In general it is easier simply to wrap it in a proper model type, as the accepted answer describes, but you can also simply force the compiler to choose the correct overload of View() by casting the string to object:
return View("action", (object)myStringModel);
The other issue you're having here of using TextBoxFor having issues with an 'unnamed' model - well you shouldn't be surprised by that... The only reason to use TextBoxFor is to ensure the fields are named correctly for binding when the underlying value is a property on a model type. In this case there is no name, because you're passing it as a top-level model type for a view - so you it could be argued that you shouldn't be using TextBoxFor() in the first place.
Either wrap the string in a view model object:
Model:
public class HomeViewModel
{
public string CodeText { get; set; }
}
Controller:
private HomeViewModel _model;
public HomeController()
{
_model = new HomeViewModel { CodeText = "My Text" };
}
[HttpGet]
public ActionResult Index()
{
return View("Index", _model);
}
View:
#Html.TextBoxFor(m => m.CodeText);
Or use EditorForModel:
#Html.EditorForModel()
You can simply use an overload of View() method.
View(string ViewName, object model)
in action method, call View with that signature.
return View("MyView", myString);
in view(.cshtml), define the model type as string
#model string
Then, #Model will return the string (myString).
Related
I have a ViewModel that has a complex object as one of its members. The complex object has 4 properties (all strings). I'm trying to create a re-usable partial view where I can pass in the complex object and have it generate the html with html helpers for its properties. That's all working great. However, when I submit the form, the model binder isn't mapping the values back to the ViewModel's member so I don't get anything back on the server side. How can I read the values a user types into the html helpers for the complex object.
ViewModel
public class MyViewModel
{
public string SomeProperty { get; set; }
public MyComplexModel ComplexModel { get; set; }
}
MyComplexModel
public class MyComplexModel
{
public int id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
public string Address { get; set; }
....
}
Controller
public class MyController : Controller
{
public ActionResult Index()
{
MyViewModel model = new MyViewModel();
model.ComplexModel = new MyComplexModel();
model.ComplexModel.id = 15;
return View(model);
}
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult Index(MyViewModel model)
{
// model here never has my nested model populated in the partial view
return View(model);
}
}
View
#using(Html.BeginForm("Index", "MyController", FormMethod.Post))
{
....
#Html.Partial("MyPartialView", Model.ComplexModel)
}
Partial View
#model my.path.to.namespace.MyComplexModel
#Html.TextBoxFor(m => m.Name)
...
how can I bind this data on form submission so that the parent model contains the data entered on the web form from the partial view?
thanks
EDIT: I've figured out that I need to prepend "ComplexModel." to all of my control's names in the partial view (textboxes) so that it maps to the nested object, but I can't pass the ViewModel type to the partial view to get that extra layer because it needs to be generic to accept several ViewModel types. I could just rewrite the name attribute with javascript, but that seems overly ghetto to me. How else can I do this?
EDIT 2: I can statically set the name attribute with new { Name="ComplexModel.Name" } so I think I'm in business unless someone has a better method?
You can pass the prefix to the partial using
#Html.Partial("MyPartialView", Model.ComplexModel,
new ViewDataDictionary { TemplateInfo = new TemplateInfo { HtmlFieldPrefix = "ComplexModel" }})
which will perpend the prefix to you controls name attribute so that <input name="Name" ../> will become <input name="ComplexModel.Name" ../> and correctly bind to typeof MyViewModel on post back
Edit
To make it a little easier, you can encapsulate this in a html helper
public static MvcHtmlString PartialFor<TModel, TProperty>(this HtmlHelper<TModel> helper, Expression<Func<TModel, TProperty>> expression, string partialViewName)
{
string name = ExpressionHelper.GetExpressionText(expression);
object model = ModelMetadata.FromLambdaExpression(expression, helper.ViewData).Model;
var viewData = new ViewDataDictionary(helper.ViewData)
{
TemplateInfo = new System.Web.Mvc.TemplateInfo
{
HtmlFieldPrefix = string.IsNullOrEmpty(helper.ViewData.TemplateInfo.HtmlFieldPrefix) ?
name : $"{helper.ViewData.TemplateInfo.HtmlFieldPrefix}.{name}"
}
};
return helper.Partial(partialViewName, model, viewData);
}
and use it as
#Html.PartialFor(m => m.ComplexModel, "MyPartialView")
If you use tag helpers, the partial tag helper accepts a for attribute, which does what you expect.
<partial name="MyPartialView" for="ComplexModel" />
Using the for attribute, rather than the typical model attribute, will cause all of the form fields within the partial to be named with the ComplexModel. prefix.
You can try passing the ViewModel to the partial.
#model my.path.to.namespace.MyViewModel
#Html.TextBoxFor(m => m.ComplexModel.Name)
Edit
You can create a base model and push the complex model in there and pass the based model to the partial.
public class MyViewModel :BaseModel
{
public string SomeProperty { get; set; }
}
public class MyViewModel2 :BaseModel
{
public string SomeProperty2 { get; set; }
}
public class BaseModel
{
public MyComplexModel ComplexModel { get; set; }
}
public class MyComplexModel
{
public int id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
...
}
Then your partial will be like below :
#model my.path.to.namespace.BaseModel
#Html.TextBoxFor(m => m.ComplexModel.Name)
If this is not an acceptable solution, you may have to think in terms of overriding the model binder. You can read about that here.
I came across the same situation and with the help of such informative posts changed my partial code to have prefix on generated in input elements generated by partial view
I have used Html.partial helper giving partialview name and object of ModelType and an instance of ViewDataDictionary object with Html Field Prefix to constructor of Html.partial.
This results in GET request of "xyz url" of "Main view" and rendering partial view inside it with input elements generated with prefix e.g. earlier Name="Title" now becomes Name="MySubType.Title" in respective HTML element and same for rest of the form input elements.
The problem occurred when POST request is made to "xyz url", expecting the Form which is filled in gets saved in to my database. But the MVC Modelbinder didn't bind my POSTed model data with form values filled in and also ModelState is also lost. The model in viewdata was also coming to null.
Finally I tried to update model data in Posted form using TryUppdateModel method which takes model instance and html prefix which was passed earlier to partial view,and can see now model is bound with values and model state is also present.
Please let me know if this approach is fine or bit diversified!
I have the following view model
public class ProjectVM
{
....
[Display(Name = "Category")]
[Required(ErrorMessage = "Please select a category")]
public int CategoryID { get; set; }
public IEnumerable<SelectListItem> CategoryList { get; set; }
....
}
and the following controller method to create a new Project and assign a Category
public ActionResult Create()
{
ProjectVM model = new ProjectVM
{
CategoryList = new SelectList(db.Categories, "ID", "Name")
}
return View(model);
}
public ActionResult Create(ProjectVM model)
{
if (!ModelState.IsValid)
{
return View(model);
}
// Save and redirect
}
and in the view
#model ProjectVM
....
#using (Html.BeginForm())
{
....
#Html.LabelFor(m => m.CategoryID)
#Html.DropDownListFor(m => m.CategoryID, Model.CategoryList, "-Please select-")
#Html.ValidationMessageFor(m => m.CategoryID)
....
<input type="submit" value="Create" />
}
The view displays correctly but when submitting the form, I get the following error message
InvalidOperationException: The ViewData item that has the key 'CategoryID' is of type 'System.Int32' but must be of type 'IEnumerable<SelectListItem>'.
The same error occurs using the #Html.DropDownList() method, and if I pass the SelectList using a ViewBag or ViewData.
The error means that the value of CategoryList is null (and as a result the DropDownListFor() method expects that the first parameter is of type IEnumerable<SelectListItem>).
You are not generating an input for each property of each SelectListItem in CategoryList (and nor should you) so no values for the SelectList are posted to the controller method, and therefore the value of model.CategoryList in the POST method is null. If you return the view, you must first reassign the value of CategoryList, just as you did in the GET method.
public ActionResult Create(ProjectVM model)
{
if (!ModelState.IsValid)
{
model.CategoryList = new SelectList(db.Categories, "ID", "Name"); // add this
return View(model);
}
// Save and redirect
}
To explain the inner workings (the source code can be seen here)
Each overload of DropDownList() and DropDownListFor() eventually calls the following method
private static MvcHtmlString SelectInternal(this HtmlHelper htmlHelper, ModelMetadata metadata,
string optionLabel, string name, IEnumerable<SelectListItem> selectList, bool allowMultiple,
IDictionary<string, object> htmlAttributes)
which checks if the selectList (the second parameter of #Html.DropDownListFor()) is null
// If we got a null selectList, try to use ViewData to get the list of items.
if (selectList == null)
{
selectList = htmlHelper.GetSelectData(name);
usedViewData = true;
}
which in turn calls
private static IEnumerable<SelectListItem> GetSelectData(this HtmlHelper htmlHelper, string name)
which evaluates the the first parameter of #Html.DropDownListFor() (in this case CategoryID)
....
o = htmlHelper.ViewData.Eval(name);
....
IEnumerable<SelectListItem> selectList = o as IEnumerable<SelectListItem>;
if (selectList == null)
{
throw new InvalidOperationException(String.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture,
MvcResources.HtmlHelper_WrongSelectDataType,
name, o.GetType().FullName, "IEnumerable<SelectListItem>"));
}
Because property CategoryID is typeof int, it cannot be cast to IEnumerable<SelectListItem> and the exception is thrown (which is defined in the MvcResources.resx file as)
<data name="HtmlHelper_WrongSelectDataType" xml:space="preserve">
<value>The ViewData item that has the key '{0}' is of type '{1}' but must be of type '{2}'.</value>
</data>
according to stephens (user3559349) answer, this can be useful:
#Html.DropDownListFor(m => m.CategoryID, Model.CategoryList ?? new List<SelectListItem>(), "-Please select-")
or in ProjectVM:
public class ProjectVM
{
public ProjectVM()
{
CategoryList = new List<SelectListItem>();
}
...
}
Most Likely Caused some sort of error redirecting to your page and you not initializing your model's drop down lists again.
Make sure that you initialize your drop downs in either the model's constructor or every time before you send said model to the page.
Otherwise you will need to maintain the state of the drop down lists either through the view bag or through the hidden value helpers.
OK, the poster's canned answer neatly explained why the error occurred, but not how to get it to work. I'm not sure that's really an answer, but it did point me in the right direction.
I ran into the same issue and found a slick way to resolve it. I'll try to capture that here. Disclaimer - I work on web pages once a year or so and really don't know what I'm doing most of the time. This answer should in no way be considered an "expert" answer, but it does the job with little work...
Given that I have some data object (most likely a Data Transfer Object) that I want to use a drop-down list to supply valid values for a field, like so:
public class MyDataObject
{
public int id;
public string StrValue;
}
Then the ViewModel looks like this:
public class MyDataObjectVM
{
public int id;
public string StrValue;
public List<SectListItem> strValues;
}
The real problem here, as #Stephen so eloquently described above, is the select list isn't populated on the POST method in the controller. So your controller methods would look like this:
// GET
public ActionResult Create()
{
var dataObjectVM = GetNewMyDataObjectVM();
return View(dataObjectVM); // I use T4MVC, don't you?
}
private MyDataObjectVM GetNewMyDataObjectVM(MyDataObjectVM model = null)
{
return new MyDataObjectVM
{
int id = model?.Id ?? 0,
string StrValue = model?.StrValue ?? "",
var strValues = new List<SelectListItem>
{
new SelectListItem {Text = "Select", Value = ""},
new SelectListITem {Text = "Item1", Value = "Item1"},
new SelectListItem {Text = "Item2", Value = "Item2"}
};
};
}
// POST
public ActionResult Create(FormCollection formValues)
{
var dataObject = new MyDataObject();
try
{
UpdateModel(dataObject, formValues);
AddObjectToObjectStore(dataObject);
return RedirectToAction(Actions.Index);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
// fill in the drop-down list for the view model
var dataObjectVM = GetNewMyDataObjectVM();
ModelState.AddModelError("", ex.Message);
return View(dataObjectVM);
)
}
There you have it. This is NOT working code, I copy/pasted and edited to make it simple, but you get the idea. If the data members in both the original data model and the derived view model have the same name, UpdateModel() does an awesome job of filling in just the right data for you from the FormCollection values.
I'm posting this here so I can find the answer when I inevitably run into this issue again -- hopefully it will help someone else out as well.
I had the same problem, I was getting an invalid ModelState when I tried to post the form. For me, this was caused by setting CategoryId to int, when I changed it to string the ModelState was valid and the Create method worked as expected.
In my case the first ID in my list was zero, once I changed the ID to start from 1, it worked.
I have the following view model
public class ProjectVM
{
....
[Display(Name = "Category")]
[Required(ErrorMessage = "Please select a category")]
public int CategoryID { get; set; }
public IEnumerable<SelectListItem> CategoryList { get; set; }
....
}
and the following controller method to create a new Project and assign a Category
public ActionResult Create()
{
ProjectVM model = new ProjectVM
{
CategoryList = new SelectList(db.Categories, "ID", "Name")
}
return View(model);
}
public ActionResult Create(ProjectVM model)
{
if (!ModelState.IsValid)
{
return View(model);
}
// Save and redirect
}
and in the view
#model ProjectVM
....
#using (Html.BeginForm())
{
....
#Html.LabelFor(m => m.CategoryID)
#Html.DropDownListFor(m => m.CategoryID, Model.CategoryList, "-Please select-")
#Html.ValidationMessageFor(m => m.CategoryID)
....
<input type="submit" value="Create" />
}
The view displays correctly but when submitting the form, I get the following error message
InvalidOperationException: The ViewData item that has the key 'CategoryID' is of type 'System.Int32' but must be of type 'IEnumerable<SelectListItem>'.
The same error occurs using the #Html.DropDownList() method, and if I pass the SelectList using a ViewBag or ViewData.
The error means that the value of CategoryList is null (and as a result the DropDownListFor() method expects that the first parameter is of type IEnumerable<SelectListItem>).
You are not generating an input for each property of each SelectListItem in CategoryList (and nor should you) so no values for the SelectList are posted to the controller method, and therefore the value of model.CategoryList in the POST method is null. If you return the view, you must first reassign the value of CategoryList, just as you did in the GET method.
public ActionResult Create(ProjectVM model)
{
if (!ModelState.IsValid)
{
model.CategoryList = new SelectList(db.Categories, "ID", "Name"); // add this
return View(model);
}
// Save and redirect
}
To explain the inner workings (the source code can be seen here)
Each overload of DropDownList() and DropDownListFor() eventually calls the following method
private static MvcHtmlString SelectInternal(this HtmlHelper htmlHelper, ModelMetadata metadata,
string optionLabel, string name, IEnumerable<SelectListItem> selectList, bool allowMultiple,
IDictionary<string, object> htmlAttributes)
which checks if the selectList (the second parameter of #Html.DropDownListFor()) is null
// If we got a null selectList, try to use ViewData to get the list of items.
if (selectList == null)
{
selectList = htmlHelper.GetSelectData(name);
usedViewData = true;
}
which in turn calls
private static IEnumerable<SelectListItem> GetSelectData(this HtmlHelper htmlHelper, string name)
which evaluates the the first parameter of #Html.DropDownListFor() (in this case CategoryID)
....
o = htmlHelper.ViewData.Eval(name);
....
IEnumerable<SelectListItem> selectList = o as IEnumerable<SelectListItem>;
if (selectList == null)
{
throw new InvalidOperationException(String.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture,
MvcResources.HtmlHelper_WrongSelectDataType,
name, o.GetType().FullName, "IEnumerable<SelectListItem>"));
}
Because property CategoryID is typeof int, it cannot be cast to IEnumerable<SelectListItem> and the exception is thrown (which is defined in the MvcResources.resx file as)
<data name="HtmlHelper_WrongSelectDataType" xml:space="preserve">
<value>The ViewData item that has the key '{0}' is of type '{1}' but must be of type '{2}'.</value>
</data>
according to stephens (user3559349) answer, this can be useful:
#Html.DropDownListFor(m => m.CategoryID, Model.CategoryList ?? new List<SelectListItem>(), "-Please select-")
or in ProjectVM:
public class ProjectVM
{
public ProjectVM()
{
CategoryList = new List<SelectListItem>();
}
...
}
Most Likely Caused some sort of error redirecting to your page and you not initializing your model's drop down lists again.
Make sure that you initialize your drop downs in either the model's constructor or every time before you send said model to the page.
Otherwise you will need to maintain the state of the drop down lists either through the view bag or through the hidden value helpers.
OK, the poster's canned answer neatly explained why the error occurred, but not how to get it to work. I'm not sure that's really an answer, but it did point me in the right direction.
I ran into the same issue and found a slick way to resolve it. I'll try to capture that here. Disclaimer - I work on web pages once a year or so and really don't know what I'm doing most of the time. This answer should in no way be considered an "expert" answer, but it does the job with little work...
Given that I have some data object (most likely a Data Transfer Object) that I want to use a drop-down list to supply valid values for a field, like so:
public class MyDataObject
{
public int id;
public string StrValue;
}
Then the ViewModel looks like this:
public class MyDataObjectVM
{
public int id;
public string StrValue;
public List<SectListItem> strValues;
}
The real problem here, as #Stephen so eloquently described above, is the select list isn't populated on the POST method in the controller. So your controller methods would look like this:
// GET
public ActionResult Create()
{
var dataObjectVM = GetNewMyDataObjectVM();
return View(dataObjectVM); // I use T4MVC, don't you?
}
private MyDataObjectVM GetNewMyDataObjectVM(MyDataObjectVM model = null)
{
return new MyDataObjectVM
{
int id = model?.Id ?? 0,
string StrValue = model?.StrValue ?? "",
var strValues = new List<SelectListItem>
{
new SelectListItem {Text = "Select", Value = ""},
new SelectListITem {Text = "Item1", Value = "Item1"},
new SelectListItem {Text = "Item2", Value = "Item2"}
};
};
}
// POST
public ActionResult Create(FormCollection formValues)
{
var dataObject = new MyDataObject();
try
{
UpdateModel(dataObject, formValues);
AddObjectToObjectStore(dataObject);
return RedirectToAction(Actions.Index);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
// fill in the drop-down list for the view model
var dataObjectVM = GetNewMyDataObjectVM();
ModelState.AddModelError("", ex.Message);
return View(dataObjectVM);
)
}
There you have it. This is NOT working code, I copy/pasted and edited to make it simple, but you get the idea. If the data members in both the original data model and the derived view model have the same name, UpdateModel() does an awesome job of filling in just the right data for you from the FormCollection values.
I'm posting this here so I can find the answer when I inevitably run into this issue again -- hopefully it will help someone else out as well.
I had the same problem, I was getting an invalid ModelState when I tried to post the form. For me, this was caused by setting CategoryId to int, when I changed it to string the ModelState was valid and the Create method worked as expected.
In my case the first ID in my list was zero, once I changed the ID to start from 1, it worked.
My scenario is much complicated so i simplified it with the example below. The main problem is binding collection properties of a model, specifying the path of the property like Html.TextBox("List[0].Name") and not the Html.TextBoxFor(t => t.List[0].Name). So, for the current view i will only know some of the metadata of the model so i will have to construct it this way. Here is the scenario :
Model
public class ModelTest
{
public int Id {get;set;}
public List<Foo> Collection {get;set;}
}
public class Foo
{
public string Value1 {get;set;}
public string Value2 {get;set;}
}
Controller
public class TestController: Controller
{
[HttpGet]
public ActionResult Test()
{
var model = new ModelTest()
{
Id = 455,
Collection = new List<Foo>()
{
new Foo(){ Value1 = "sagasga", Value2 = "Beul"},
new Foo(){ Value1 = "dgdsgds", Value2 = "fhfhd" }
}
};
return View(model);
}
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult Test( ModelTest model)
{
//....
return View();
}
View:
#using (Html.BeginForm())
{
#Html.TextBox("Id")
#Html.TextBox("Collection[0].Value1")
#Html.TextBox("Collection[0].Value2")
<input type="submit" value="Add" />
}
For the code above i get empty textboxes for the collection values. However, when the page is submited i get the model built correct in the Post method.
Many thanks,
Alex
This is the way to name you input fields when you wanna post a collection to your controller. However, you have to specify the initial value yourself. Your code is currently just creating textbox with the name property set to Collection[0].Value1. You still need to specify the input this way,
#Html.TextBox("Collection[0].Value1", Model.Collection.FirstOrDefault().Value1)
#Html.TextBox("Collection[0].Value2", Model.Collection.FirstOrDefault().Value2)
its me... yet again!
Ive got these class,
public class PrankTargetArgumentViewModel
{
public PrankTarget Target { get; set; }
public PrankDefinition Prank { get; set; }
public List<PrankArgument> Arguments { get; set; }
}
public class PrankArgument
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public string Value { get; set; }
}
and what I'm doing is - if this current ParkDefinition needs arguments them im doing an ActionRedirect on the save to another Action which should handle the gathering of the Arguments
My Action result is like this..
public ActionResult PrankArguments()
{
PrankInstance currentInstance = SessionContext.CurrentPrankInstance;
if (currentInstance == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("currentInstance");
PrankTargetArgumentViewModel model = new PrankTargetArgumentViewModel();
model.Prank = currentInstance.Prank;
model.Target = currentInstance.Target;
string[] args = model.Prank.Arguments.Split('|');
model.Arguments = new List<PrankArgument>();
foreach (string s in args)
{
model.Arguments.Add(new PrankArgument { Name = s, Value = s });
}
return View(model);
}
my http post method is just an empty method with the parameter of PrankTargetArgumentViewModel
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult PrankArguments(PrankTargetArgumentViewModel model)
{
return View();
}
My HTML is like this..
#using (Html.BeginForm())
{
#Html.EditorFor(x => Model)
<p>
<input type="submit" value="Create" />
</p>
}
So my problem is this, on the PrankArguments(PrankTargetArgumentViewModel model) post back action, the model param is always null.. I've filled the object with values on the load so I guessed they would be there on the post back with the new arguments that I added.
so the flow goes like this.
Create Prank
If prank needs arguments then load ActionResult PrankArguments()
Add extra arguments to an already poplulated object.
save, Call ActionResult PrankArguments(PrankTargetArgumentViewModel model)
-- this is where the problem is, the model parameter is passed back as null.
Ive had this problem quite a few times and always just given up but im not going to let that happen this time!
any help would be great! cheers, Ste!
Ps. If you need anymore of my code just let me know.
EDIT - Removed view bag debug properties!
I think if I understand you correctly if your view is strongly typed to PrankTargetArgumentViewModel then all you have to do to retrieve the values is:
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult PrankArguments()
{
var pta = new PrankTargetArgumentViewModel();
TryUpdateModel(pta);
}
After reviewing my own code - I noticed that I didn't need the entire PrankTargetArgumentViewModel and a simple List of Arguments would have been fine.
I alterd my PrankArguments view to take an IEnumerable and used;
#using (Html.BeginForm())
{
#Html.EditorForModel()
<p>
<input type="submit" value="Finish" />
</p>
}
then had my post back method signature like this
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult PrankArguments(IEnumerable<PrankArgument> arguments)
which worked exactly how I wanted.
Thanks for all the suggestions guys.