Calculate minimum value of Bitvector in Z3 - z3

Question

I have the following piece of code:
(declare-const L4 (_ BitVec 6))
(declare-const L1 (_ BitVec 6))
(declare-const L0 (_ BitVec 6))
(declare-const l2 (_ BitVec 6))
(assert (= l2 (_ bv8 6)))
;; All is encoding the set that contains {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
(define-const All (_ BitVec 6) #b111111)
;; Empty is encoding the empty set
(define-const Empty (_ BitVec 6) #b000000)
(define-fun LT_l ((S (_ BitVec 6)) (l (_ BitVec 6))) Bool
;; True if for all x in S x < l
(= (bvand (bvshl All l) S) Empty))
(define-fun is_in ((e (_ BitVec 6)) (S (_ BitVec 6))) Bool
;; True if e is an element of the "set" S.
(not (= (bvand (bvshl (_ bv1 6) e) S) Empty)))
(define-fun is_minimal ((e (_ BitVec 6)) (S (_ BitVec 6))) Bool
;; True if e is the minimal element of S
(and (is_in e S) ;; S contains e
;; (1 << e) - 1 represents the set of elements that are smaller than e
(= (bvand (bvsub (bvshl (_ bv1 6) e) (_ bv1 6)) S) Empty)))
;; To encode that forall x in L0 and forall y in L1. x < y
(define-fun LT ((L0 (_ BitVec 6)) (L1 (_ BitVec 6))) Bool
; True if forall x in L0 and forall y in L1, x < y
(or (= L0 Empty)
(= L1 Empty)
(exists ((min (_ BitVec 6))) (and (is_minimal min L1) (LT_l L0 min)))))
(assert (not (= L0 Empty)))
(assert (not (= L1 Empty)))
(assert (not (= L4 Empty)))
(assert (LT_l L4 l2))
(assert (LT L0 L1))
(check-sat)
(get-model)
(assert (LT L1 L0))
(check-sat)
When I run this code I get the model is:
sat
(model
(define-fun min!0 () (_ BitVec 6)
#b000011)
(define-fun L1 () (_ BitVec 6)
#b001000)
(define-fun L0 () (_ BitVec 6)
#b000100)
(define-fun L4 () (_ BitVec 6)
#b000100)
(define-fun l2 () (_ BitVec 6)
#b001000)
)
unsat
Why is the result of min is:
(define-fun min!0 () (_ BitVec 6)
#b000011)
and not b001000 since the smallest value of L1 is this and not b000011.
Someone can explain me?
Finally, I define the function Lt_l that checks if for all x in S x < l, but now I wanted to do GT_l that checks if for all x in S l < x. I have the following code:
(define-fun GT_l ((S (_ BitVec 6)) (l (_ BitVec 6))) Bool
(= (bvand (bvneg (bvshl (_ bv0 6) l)) S) Empty))
But this does not work why?
Thanks

Answer 1

In your example, you are representing sets using bit-vectors. For example, the bit-vector #b101000 represents the set {5, 3}. The output (define-fun L1 () (_ BitVec 6) #b001000) is essentially saying that L1 is the "set" {3}. One possible confusion is that bit-vectors are being used to represent sets and elements. The bit-vector min!0 represents an element. The output (define-fun min!0 () (_ BitVec 6) #b000011) is saying that min!0 is the value 3, and it is indeed the "minimal value" in L1.