Smooth scaling of vector graphics in UIView - ios

So I have subclassed UIView and added some drawing code. I am scaling the resulting view up and down.
I would like this view to be resolution independent so that it is legible at any size, and I won't need to manage multiple images etc. etc.
As a test I made up a bit of drawing code that looks like this.
It creates concentric ovals that fit within whatever frame size the UIView has.
Actually the outside ring is a little smaller than the frame so it isn't clipped. Fine for this. The actual graphic will be more complex and will contain text which must be readable at small sizes and things of that nature.
- (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect
{
UIColor* color = [UIColor colorWithRed: 0.833 green: 0.833 blue: 0.833 alpha: 1];
float width = self.bounds.size.width;
float height = self.bounds.size.height;
float scalePercent = 0.8;
for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++){
width = width * scalePercent;
height = height * scalePercent;
float x = (self.bounds.size.width - width) / 2;
float y = (self.bounds.size.height - height) / 2;
UIBezierPath* ovalPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithOvalInRect: CGRectMake(x, y, width, height)];
[color setStroke];
ovalPath.lineWidth = 2;
[ovalPath stroke];
}
}
Now here's the scaling:
- (void) makeBig{
[UIView animateWithDuration:0.5
delay:0
options:UIViewAnimationOptionBeginFromCurrentState
animations:(void (^)(void)) ^{
self.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeScale(2, 2);
}
completion:^(BOOL finished){
}];
}
When you run this the view zooms up, but it is pixelated. It's pixelated because the view has doubled in size but it's resolution has not changed.
So, here's how not to do it.
- (void) makeBig{
[UIView animateWithDuration:0.5
delay:0
options:UIViewAnimationOptionBeginFromCurrentState
animations:(void (^)(void)) ^{
self.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeScale(2, 2);
}
completion:^(BOOL finished){
CGRect targetFrame = self.frame;
self.transform = CGAffineTransformIdentity;
self.frame = targetFrame;
[self setNeedsDisplay];
}];
}
This works, but the fix is visible at the end of the animation when the resolution snaps back to screen resolution.
I could try pre-scaling the view up and pre-drawing at the final size then scaling it down and then running the animation to scale it back up again, but for various reasons that I can think of that sounds totally stupid. I suppose I could be wrong and it's the brightest idea since fire. I kind of doubt it though.
So how is a smooth scale of vector content done best?

View-based animation is really handy, but if I'm not mistaken it uses CABasicAnimation, which only uses a single keyframe. It'll be a little more code, but if you use a CAKeyframeAnimation instead, Core Animation will redraw the contents of the animated layer for each keyframe (you get to specify when those occur), so you can avoid the appearance of pixelation.

Related

How to reduce the width of UIButton from both left and right with animation?

I have tried to reduce the width of UIButton from both left and right on clicking by using following code. But instead it just only shrinks the size of UIButton. The code is
-(void)loginclickAction:(id)sender
{
self.centerZoom = [CAKeyframeAnimation animationWithKeyPath:#"transform"];
self.centerZoom.duration = 1.5f;
self.centerZoom.values = #[[NSValue valueWithCATransform3D:CATransform3DMakeScale(1, 1, 1)],[NSValue valueWithCATransform3D:CATransform3DMakeScale(.9, .9, .9)],[NSValue valueWithCATransform3D:CATransform3DMakeScale(.8,.8, .8)],[NSValue valueWithCATransform3D:CATransform3DMakeScale(.7, .7, .7)],[NSValue valueWithCATransform3D:CATransform3DMakeScale(.6, .6, .6)],[NSValue valueWithCATransform3D:CATransform3DMakeScale(.5, .5,.5)]];
self.centerZoom.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseOut];
self.loginButton.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeScale(.5,.5);
self.loginButton.alpha = 1;
[self.loginButton.layer addAnimation:self.centerZoom forKey:#"buttonScale"];
[self.loginButton setUserInteractionEnabled:NO];
}
But the output is shrinking of the UIButton which i don't want. Please help me to find the way in reducing the width of the button animated.
Your transforms are all affecting multiple dimensions:
CGAffineTransformMakeScale(.5, .5);
this is scaling the width (x) and height (y), to scale only the width:
CGAffineTransformMakeScale(.5, 1);
and the same applies to
CATransform3DMakeScale(.9, .9, .9)
which is changing x, y and z dimensions and should be
CATransform3DMakeScale(.9, 1, 1)
You need a way by which you can scale the button only across the width.
Use below method which scales button horizontally from full width to half with animation-
-(void) reduceButtonWidthFromLeftAndRightWithAniamation:(UIButton *)button
{
[UIView beginAnimations:#"ScaleButton" context:NULL];
[UIView setAnimationDuration: 1.5f];
button.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeScale(0.5, 1.0);
[UIView commitAnimations];
}

Logarithmic scale for animation objective-c

I'm trying to make a circle expand quickly for the first 1-2 seconds and then decrease in speed by which it grows. I thought that a logarithmic scale would be best suited for this, but I don't know how to create one. I'm using the following code to animate the circle:
// Create a view with a corner radius as the circle
self.circle = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(currentPos.x, currentPos.y, 10, 10)];
[self.circle.layer setCornerRadius:self.circle.frame.size.width / 2];
[self.circle setBackgroundColor:[UIColor clearColor]];
self.circle.layer.borderColor = [UIColor redColor].CGColor;
self.circle.layer.borderWidth = .5f;
UIPanGestureRecognizer *move = [[UIPanGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:#selector(handlePan:)];
[self.circle addGestureRecognizer:move];
[self.view addSubview:self.circle];
[UIView animateWithDuration:5 delay:0 options:UIViewAnimationOptionAllowUserInteraction animations:^(void){
// Animate it to double the size
const CGFloat scale = 2;
[self.circle setTransform:CGAffineTransformMakeScale(scale, scale)];
} completion:nil];
The easiest way is to use the built in animation options, you can set the animation ease (UIViewAnimationOptionCurveEaseOut)
[UIView animateWithDuration:2 delay:0 options:UIViewAnimationOptionCurveEaseOut | UIViewAnimationOptionAllowUserInteraction animations:^(void){
// Animate it to double the size
const CGFloat scale = 2;
[self.circle setTransform:CGAffineTransformMakeScale(scale, scale)];
} completion:nil];
These are the built in ease types:
If you wanted something different to this then you'd need to do it yourself I believe.
Thanks to this post for the ease images
How to create custom easing function with Core Animation?
I would use animateKeyframesWithDuration:. This lets you set the scale at different points during the animation (so it can be non-linear). You do this with separate 'addKeyFrameWithRelativeStartTime:` calls. For example:
double total_duration = 5;
[UIView animateKeyframesWithDuration:total_duration delay:0 options:UIViewKeyframeAnimationOptionAllowUserInteraction animations:^(void){
const CGFloat final_scale = 2;
double acceleration = 1000; // the bigger this number, the bigger the initial acceleration
double multiplier = (final_scale - 1) / (logf(1+ (1/acceleration)) - logf(1/acceleration));
double addon = 1 - multiplier * logf(1/acceleration);
double segments = 20;
for (int segment = 0 ; segment < segments ; segment++) {
[UIView addKeyframeWithRelativeStartTime:(segment/segments) relativeDuration:(1.0/segments) animations:^(void){
double scale = multiplier * logf(segment/segments + (1/acceleration)) + addon;
self.circle.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeScale(scale,scale);
}];
}
} completion:nil];
achieves roughly what you want (though forgive the messy maths, it can probably be simplified)!
I don't think view animations allow any curves other than linear and the "ease" style animations.
As I recall, Core Animation allows you to define a custom timing function using a cubic bezier curve. You should be able to create a bezier curve that approximates a log curve.
See the docs on CAMediaTimingFunction for info on creating custom timing functions for Core Animation methods.
Be warned, though, that Core Animation is a pretty involved subject. Core Animation methods are not nearly as easy to use as UIView animations like the code you posted.

iPhone: Animate circle with UIKit

I am using a CircleView class that basically inherits off UIView and implements drawRect to draw a circle. This all works, hurrah!
What I cannot figure out though is how to make it so when I touch it (touch code is implemented) the circle grows or pops. Normally I'd use the UIKit animation framework to do this but given I am basically overriding the drawRect function to directly draw the circle. So how do I animate this?
- (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect{
CGContextRef context= UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();
CGContextSetFillColorWithColor(context, _Color.CGColor);
CGContextFillEllipseInRect(context, CGRectMake(0, 0, self.frame.size.width, self.frame.size.height));
}
- (void)handleSingleTap:(UITapGestureRecognizer *)recognizer {
// Animate?
}
The answers depends on what you mean by "grows or pops". When I hear "pop" I assume that the view scales up over a short period of time ans scales back down again to the original size. Something that "grows" on the other hand would scale up but not down again.
For something that scales up and down again over a short period of time I would use a transform to scale it. Custom drawing or not, UIView has build in support for animating a simple transform. If this is what you are looking for then it's not more then a few lines of code.
[UIView animateWithDuration:0.3
delay:0.0
options:UIViewAnimationOptionAutoreverse // reverse back to original value
animations:^{
// scale up 10%
yourCircleView.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeScale(1.1, 1.1);
} completion:^(BOOL finished) {
// restore the non-scaled state
yourCircleView.transform = CGAffineTransformIdentity;
}];
If on the other hand you want the circle to grow a little bit more on every tap then this won't do it for you since the view is going to look pixelated when it scales up. Making custom animations can be tricky so I would still advice you to use a scaling transform for the actual animation and then redraw the view after the animation.
[UIView animateWithDuration:0.3
animations:^{
// scale up 10%
yourCircleView.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeScale(1.1, 1.1);
} completion:^(BOOL finished) {
// restore the non-scaled state
yourCircleView.transform = CGAffineTransformIdentity;
// redraw with new value
yourCircleView.radius = theBiggerRadius;
}];
If you really, really want to do a completely custom animation then I would recommend that you watch Rob Napiers talk on Animating Custom Layer Properties, his example is even the exact thing you are doing (growing a circle).
If you want an animation that expands the ellipse from the centre, try this. In the header, define 3 variables:
BOOL _isAnimating;
float _time;
CGRect _ellipseFrame;
Then implement these 3 methods in the .m file:
- (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect; {
[super drawRect:rect];
CGContextRef context= UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();
CGContextSetFillColorWithColor(context, _Color.CGColor);
CGContextFillEllipseInRect(context, _ellipseFrame);
}
- (void)expandOutward; {
if(_isAnimating){
_time += 1.0f / 30.0f;
if(_time >= 1.0f){
_ellipseFrame = self.frame;
_isAnimating = NO;
}
else{
_ellipseFrame = CGRectMake(0.0f, 0.0f, self.frame.size.width * _time, self.frame.size.height * _time);
_ellipseFrame.center = CGPointMake(self.frame.size.width / 2.0f, self.frame.size.height / 2.0f);
[self setNeedsDisplay];
[self performSelector:#selector(expandOutward) withObject:nil afterDelay:(1.0f / 30.0f)];
}
}
}
- (void)handleSingleTap:(UITapGestureRecognizer *)recognizer; {
if(_isAnimating == NO){
_time = 0.0f;
_isAnimating = YES;
[self expandOutward];
}
}
This is the most basic way you can animate the circle expanding from the centre. Look into CADisplayLink for a constant sync to the screen if you want more detailed animations. Hope that Helps!

Animated bar graph in iOS

I am drawing a bar chart, it works fine except it dosent have animation. Ex: fill colore 0-50%.
I am using simple DrawRect method to draw here is my code:
- (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect
{
CGFloat height = self.bounds.size.height;
CGContextRef context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();
// CGContextClearRect(context, rect);
CGContextSetFillColorWithColor(context, [self colorWithR:149 G:21 B:29 A:1].CGColor);
CGFloat barWidth = 52;
int count = 0;
NSNumber *num = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:graphValue];
CGFloat x = count * (barWidth + 10);
CGRect barRect = CGRectMake(x, height - ([num floatValue] * height), barWidth, [num floatValue] * height);
CGContextAddRect(context, barRect);
count++;
CGContextFillPath(context);
}
Please help me know the simple way to add animation.
I believe you want to animate the heights of the bars in the bargraph.
I suggest you implement each bar as a separate UIview, a simple rectangle. You can also put all of them in one view with a custom drawRect. Then you need to scale these views or change their frame inside the animation block of either of the following methods:
+ (void)animateWithDuration:(NSTimeInterval)duration animations:(void (^)(void))animations completion:(void (^)(BOOL finished))completion
OR
+ (void)animateWithDuration:(NSTimeInterval)duration animations:(void (^)(void))animations
For a great tutorial see this.
This is an example if you don't have a lot of time.
[UIView animateWithDuration:1//Amount of time the animation takes.
delay:0//Amount of time after which animation starts.
options: UIViewAnimationCurveEaseOut//How the animation will behave.
animations:^{
//here you can either set a CGAffineTransform, or change your view's frame.
//Both will work just fine.
yourBarView.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeScale (
scaleForX,//say 1, you dont want it to change.
scaleForY//say 20, you want to make it 20 times larger in the y
//direction.
//Note* to animate from a zero height to a finite height change the
//view's frame.
//yourBarView.frame = CGRectMake(0,0,20,100);
);
}
completion:^(BOOL finished){//This block is called when the animation completes.
NSLog(#"Done!");
}];

How to animate UIImageViews like hatch doors opening

I'm trying to create an animation that would look like 2 french doors (or 2 hatch doors) opening towards the user.
I tried using the built in UIViewAnimationOptionTransitionFlipFromRight transition, but the origin of the transition seems to be the center of the UIImageView rather than the left edge. Basically I have 2 UIImageViews that each fill have the screen. I would like the animation to look like the UIImageViews are lifting from the center of the screen to the edges.
[UIView transitionWithView:leftView
duration:1.0
options:UIViewAnimationOptionTransitionFlipFromRight
animations:^ { leftView.alpha = 0; }
completion:^(BOOL finished) {
[leftView removeFromSuperview];
}];
Has anyone done something like this before? Any help would be awesome!
UPDATE:
Working code thanks to Nick Lockwood
leftView.layer.anchorPoint = CGPointMake(0, 0.5); // hinge around the left edge
leftView.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, 160, 460); //reset view position
rightView.layer.anchorPoint = CGPointMake(1.0, 0.5); //hinge around the right edge
rightView.frame = CGRectMake(160, 0, 160, 460); //reset view position
[UIView animateWithDuration:0.75 animations:^{
CATransform3D leftTransform = CATransform3DIdentity;
leftTransform.m34 = -1.0f/500; //dark magic to set the 3D perspective
leftTransform = CATransform3DRotate(leftTransform, -M_PI_2, 0, 1, 0);
leftView.layer.transform = leftTransform;
CATransform3D rightTransform = CATransform3DIdentity;
rightTransform.m34 = -1.0f/500; //dark magic to set the 3D perspective
rightTransform = CATransform3DRotate(rightTransform, M_PI_2, 0, 1, 0);
rightView.layer.transform = rightTransform;
}];
First add the QuartzCore library to your project and #import <QuartzCore/QuartzCore.h>
Every view has a layer property with sub-properties that are animatable. This is where you'll find all the really cool stuff when it comes to animation capabilities (I suggest reading up on the CALayer class properties you can set - it will blow your mind - dynamic soft drop shadows on any view?)
Anyway, back on topic. To rotate your doors open in 3D, first position them as if they were closed, so with each door filling half the screen.
Now set their view.layer.anchorPoint properties as follows
leftDoorView.layer.anchorPoint = CGPoint(0, 0.5); // hinge around the left edge
rightDoorView.layer.anchorPoint = CGPoint(1.0, 0.5); // hinge around the right edge
Now apply the following animation
[UIView animateWithDuration:0.5 animations:^{
CATransform3D leftTransform = CATransform3DIdentity;
leftTransform.m34 = -1.0f/500; //dark magic to set the 3D perspective
leftTransform = CATransform3DRotate(leftTransform, M_PI_2, 0, 1, 0); //rotate 90 degrees about the Y axis
leftDoorView.layer.transform = leftTransform;
//do the same thing but mirrored for the right door, that probably just means using -M_PI_2 for the angle. If you don't know what PI is, Google "radians"
}];
And that should do it.
DISCLAIMER: I've not actually tested this, so the angles may be backwards, and the perspective may be screwy, etc. but it should be a good start at least.
UPDATE: Curiosity got the better of me. Here is fully working code (this assumes that the left and right doors are laid out in the closed position in the nib file):
- (void)viewDidLoad
{
[super viewDidLoad];
leftDoorView.layer.anchorPoint = CGPointMake(0, 0.5); // hinge around the left edge
leftDoorView.center = CGPointMake(0.0, self.view.bounds.size.height/2.0); //compensate for anchor offset
rightDoorView.layer.anchorPoint = CGPointMake(1.0, 0.5); // hinge around the right edge
rightDoorView.center = CGPointMake(self.view.bounds.size.width,self.view.bounds.size.height/2.0); //compensate for anchor offset
}
- (IBAction)open
{
CATransform3D transform = CATransform3DIdentity;
transform.m34 = -1.0f/500;
leftDoorView.layer.transform = transform;
rightDoorView.layer.transform = transform;
[UIView animateWithDuration:0.5 animations:^{
leftDoorView.layer.transform = CATransform3DRotate(transform, M_PI_2, 0, 1, 0);
rightDoorView.layer.transform = CATransform3DRotate(transform, -M_PI_2, 0, 1, 0);
}];
}
- (IBAction)close
{
[UIView animateWithDuration:0.5 animations:^{
CATransform3D transform = CATransform3DIdentity;
transform.m34 = -1.0f/500;
leftDoorView.layer.transform = transform;
rightDoorView.layer.transform = transform;
}];
}

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