I have a multi-app system running on a centOS box, that consists of our main app and a deployer app. when a client wants a new instance of our app, they use our deployer, fill in some info and the new install is created on our server. the issue i am having is that i can't get nginx to reload it's config file automatically. so after the deploy when visiting the new app we receive a 404 until i reload manually.
I've tried a few different ways including chmod /opt/nginx/sbin/nginx to 777, chmod the install script and deployer app to 777,
the script goes like this:
#create install directory -- works correctly
#copy files over -- works correctly
#run install script
##-- and then at this point i've tried multiple lines, including:
system("nginx -s reload") ## this works manually
system("/etc/init.d/nginx reload") ## this works manually
i've followed directions here: Restart nginx without sudo? to create a script to run without a sudo password and then tried this:
system("sudo /var/www/vhosts/deployer/lib/nginx_reload")
nothing seems to work, i'm assuming this is a permissions error, but maybe i'm wrong, if anyone could point me in any direction, that would be very helpful since i've been trying to figure this out for a few days too long and i'm fresh out of new ideas
sudo /etc/init.d/nginx reload
Related
My problem in simple terms is that I have an executable that can't be run on Heroku, because it doesn't have the right permissions.
In more details, I have a RoR application on Heroku and I want to use server pdftk. But after installing it I need to chmod the file to be able to use it. And if I run a console on Heroku dashboard, put the chmod command in and try running pdftk it works, but it works just for that temporary dyno and it doesn't work on production server.
I tried creating .profile and putting the command in and that didn't work.
I tried creating Procfile and put release: chmod u+x /app/vendor/pdftk/bin/pdftk and it didn't work.
I tried all different versions of release, web, worker...
I tried creating a .sh file and putting the command in there and then running the file and it doesn't work either.
command for setting permission: chmod u+x /app/vendor/pdftk/bin/pdftk
If you need more info, please tell me.
Any help would be appreciated.
Okay, I figured out what the problem was.
I have a pipeline from gitlab and the permissions just needed to be set through git, so that they were correct when they came to the production enviroment.
I needed to run this code:git update-index --add --chmod=+x pdftk
I'm trying out MGT Development Environment 7.0 and installed a fresh copy of Magento 2.
every time after php bin/magento setup:upgrade, and reload the page, generated files in var, pub, generated have different user and group clp:clp.
Instead of running chmod -R 777 . every time. Can anyone suggest a better solution?
Thank in advance.
After view phpinfo(), found out that php in running by user clp
Simply chown the webroot clp:clp and everytime run php command by sudo -u clp php yourCommand, which solve the problem.
I'm using capistrano to deploy a rails web app. I want to give the deploy user on the webserver as few privileges as I can. I was able to do everything I need to do as a non-privileged user except restart the webserver.
I'm doing this on an ubuntu server, but this problem is not specific to my use case (rails, capistrano, deployment), and I've seen a lot of approaches to this problem that seem to involve poor security practices. Wondering whether others can vet my solution and advise whether it's secure?
First, not necessary, but I have no idea why /etc/init.d/nginx would need any (even read) access by other users. If they need to read it, make them become root (by sudo or other means), so I:
chmod 750 /etc/init.d/nginx
Since the ownership is owner root, group root (or can be set such with chown root:root /etc/init.d/nginx) only root, or a user properly sudo'ed, can read, change or run /etc/init.d/nginx, and I'm not going to give my deploy user any such broad rights. Instead, I'm only going to give the deploy user the specific sudo right to run the control script /etc/init.d/nginx. They will not be able to run an editor to edit it, because they will only have the ability to execute that script. That means that if a someone gets access to my box as the deploy user, they can restart and stop, etc, the nginx process, but they cannot do more, like change the script to do lots of other, evil things.
Specifically, I'm doing this:
visudo
visudo is a specific tool used to edit the sudoers file, and you have to have sudoer privileges to access it.
Using visudo, I add:
# Give deploy the right to control nginx
deploy ALL=NOPASSWD: /etc/init.d/nginx
Check the sudo man page, but as I understand this, the first column is the user being given the sudo rights, in this case, “deploy”. The ALL gives deploy access from all types of terminals/logins (for example, over ssh). The end, /etc/init.d/nginx, ONLY gives the deploy user root access to run /etc/init.d/nginx (and in this case, the NOPASSWD means without a password, which I need for an unattended deployment). The deploy user cannot edit the script to make it evil, they would need FULL sudo access to do that. In fact, no one can unless they have root access, in which case there's a bigger problem. (I tested that the user deploy could not edit the script after doing this, and so should you!)
What do you folks think? Does this work? Are there better ways to do this? My question is similar to this and this, but provides more explanation than I found there, sorry if it's too duplicative, if so, I'll delete it, though I'm also asking for different approaches.
The best practice is to use /etc/sudoers.d/myuser
The /etc/sudoers.d/ folder can contain multiple files that allow users to call stuff using sudo without being root.
The file usually contains a user and a list of commands that the user can run without having to specify a password. Such as
sudo service nginx restart
Note that we are running the command using sudo. Without the sudo the sudoers.d/myuser file will never be used.
An example of such a file is
myuser ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /usr/sbin/service nginx start,/usr/sbin/service nginx stop,/usr/sbin/service nginx restart
This will allow the myuser user to call all start, stop and restart for the nginx service.
You could add another line with another service or continue to append them to the comma separated list, for more items to control.
Also make shure you have run the command below to secure things
chmod 0440 /etc/sudoers.d/myuser
This is also the way I start and stop services my own created upstart scripts that live in /etc/init
It can be worth checking that out if you want to be able to run your own services easily.
Instructions:
In all commands, replace myuser with the name of your user that you want to use to start, restart, and stop nginx without sudo.
Open sudoers file for your user:
$ sudo visudo -f /etc/sudoers.d/myuser
Editor will open. There you paste the following line:
$ myusername ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /usr/sbin/service nginx start,/usr/sbin/service nginx stop,/usr/sbin/service nginx restart
Save by hitting ctrl+o. It will ask where you want to save, simply press enter to confirm the default. Then exit out of the editor with ctrl+x.
So I have finally gotten nginx + uWSGI running successfully for my Django install
however the problem I am having now is when I make changes to the code I need to restart the uWSGI process to view my changes
I feel like I am running the correct command here (i am very new to linux as well btw):
uwsgi --stop /var/run/uwsgi.pid
uwsgi --reload /var/run/uwsgi.pid
I get no error when I run these commands however my old code is still what loads
I also know its not a coding issue because I ran my django app in its development server and everything ran fine
The recommended way to signal reloading of application data is to use the --touch-reload option. Sample syntax on a .ini fine is:
touch-reload /var/run/uwsgi/app/myapp/reload
Where myappis your application name. /var/run/uwsgi/app is the recommended place for such files (could be anywhere). The reload file is an empty file whose timestamp is watched by uwsgi, whenever it changes (by, for example, using touch) uWSGI detects that change and restarts the corresponding uWSGI application instance.
So, whenever you update your code you should touch the file in order to update the in-memory version of the application. For example, on bash:
sudo touch /var/run/uwsgi/app/myapp/reload
Note --reload is an undocumented option on current uWSGI version.
System("ls")
System("pwd")
Both these commands just work fine in both production & development mode on the same server.
However System("mkdir test") or any other command that involves creating a new file/dir does not go through in production mode, but works just fine in development mode. Any ideas here?
My guess is it has something to do with permissions but not sure where.
On your server you should have a user different from root for security reasons. Than this user should be added to sudoers list:
https://askubuntu.com/questions/7477/how-can-i-add-a-new-user-as-sudoer-using-the-command-line
now, depending where you want to create this folder, if it's in your app folder where your user has permissions to read/write, (search chmod 755 and chown to set the owner of the folder, better use chown -R to apply this to all subfolders), after this you'll be able to create that folder with:
System("mkdir test")
but only in folders where your user has access to read/write.
If you want to create the test folder in some other path where you need to use sudo you'll have to run:
System("sudo mkdir test")
normally this is running in a background and you won't be there to write the password, so you'll have to add your command to not require password while running sudo, with NOPASSWD directive you can do that:
https://askubuntu.com/questions/159007/how-do-i-run-specific-sudo-commands-without-a-password
sudo visudo -f /etc/sudoers #!important visudo, read in the upper link more about it before trying this.
after doing all this you'll be able to create a folder in your path using:
System("sudo mkdir test")
without requiring a password.