Filtering a relation in Rails - ruby-on-rails

I have this relation in my Product model:
has_many :features, :class_name => 'ProductFeature', :source => :product_feature, :include => :feature
So I can do Product.features
which works fine. But I want to be able to filter that by fields in the feature table, when and if necessary. For example in pseudo code:
find all product features where feature is comparable
compare is a bool field on the feature.
I have been trying for 2 hours solid and cannot figure it out (without writing a new query completely). I can't figure out how to access the feature table's fields from the Product.features relation, as it seems it can only filter on product_features fields.
This is what I have come up with so far:
def features_compare
features.feature.where(:compare => true)
end
But it just says feature is not a valid method, which I understand.
Edit
I have updated my model so the relationships are clearer:
product.rb:
class Product < ActiveRecord::Base
belongs_to :company
belongs_to :insurance_type
has_many :product_features
has_many :reviews
attr_accessible :description, :name, :company
end
product_feature.rb:
class ProductFeature < ActiveRecord::Base
belongs_to :product
belongs_to :feature
delegate :name, :to => :feature
attr_accessible :value
end
feature.rb
class Feature < ActiveRecord::Base
attr_accessible :name, :compare
end
I want to be able to query the product_features that belong to a product and feature where Feature.compare is true. Something like this:
product.rb
def features_compare
product_features.where(:compare => true)
end
This throws an error because compare in in the Feature model, not ProductFeature. I have tried the following in product_feature.rb:
delegate :compare, :to => :feature
but I didn't help.
I will adding a bounty to this in a few hours so please please help me!

find all product features where feature is comparable is just
ProductFeature.joins(:feature).where(:feature => {:compare => true})
You can make that a bit more reusable by introducing a scope:
#in product_feature.rb
scope :with_feature_like, lambda do |filter|
joins(:feature).where(:feature => filter)
end
#elsewhere
ProductFeature.with_feature_like(:compare => true)
#all the product features of a certain product with at comparable features
some_product.product_features.with_feature_like(:compare => true)
Finally, if you want all products with product features with comparable features, you want something like:
Product.joins(:product_features => :feature).where(:feature => {:compare => true})
which of course you can also turn into a scope on Product.

This seems like a has_many :through relationship. Try changing this:
has_many :features, :class_name => 'ProductFeature', :source => :product_feature, :include => :feature
to this:
has_many :product_features
has_many :features, :through => :product_features
As long as your ProductFeature model has this:
belongs_to :product
belongs_to :feature
And you have the appropriate columns on product_features (product_id, feature_id), then you should be able to access that product's features and all the attributes on both Product and ProductFeature.
See here:
http://guides.rubyonrails.org/association_basics.html#the-has_many-through-association
EDIT: Here's how to filter by feature fields.
Product.joins(:features).where(:features => {:name => "Size"})

#product.each |p| { p.features.where(:comparable => true) } is probably your best bet here, but I'm open to being enlightened.

Related

How to query a collection through multiple associations?

I need to collect objects that are all connected through multiple layers of associations, and I don't know who to do so.
I need to get a collection of CustomText based on a string query param.
Basically I need to do a query that will pull a collection of CustomText by name:
#searched_content = params[:search].downcase
#query = CustomText.where("lower(name) like ?", "%#{#searched_content}%")
but then also filters the #query to only search LineItems that have been a part of an approved order. I am using Spree, where Spree::Order has_many Spree::LineItem. Basically, doing something like this (doesn't work at all, but hopefully you'll be able to see what I'm trying to do):
#query = Spree::LineItem.joins(:order).where(spree_orders: {state: "complete"}).joins(:custom_texts).where("lower(name) like ?", "%#{#searched_content}%"))
Models:
class CustomText < ActiveRecord::Base
belongs_to :custom_set, :inverse_of => :custom_texts
end
class CustomSet < ActiveRecord::Base
belongs_to :spree_line_item, :class_name => Spree::LineItem, :foreign_key => :spree_line_item_id
has_may :custom_texts, :dependent => :destroy, :inverse_of => :custom_set
end
class LineItem < ActiveRecord::Base
has_many :custom_texts, :through => :custom_sets
has_many :custom_sets, :dependent => :destroy, :foreign_key => :spree_line_item_id
end
Any help would be very appreciated.
Well, this was just a simple syntax error with one too many end parenthesis at the end...stupid spelling error.
#query = Spree::LineItem.joins(:order).where(spree_orders: {state: "complete"}).joins(:custom_texts).where("lower(name) like ?", "%#{#searched_content}%")

Rails: How to model items with multiple tags, where some tags are required?

I'm trying to model items that has_many tags. Items can have multiple tags, but are required to have at least 3 predefined ones.
Here's what I have so far:
class Item < ActiveRecord::Base
has_one :type, :through => :item_tags, :source => :tag
has_one :material, :through => :item_tags, :source => :tag
has_one :use, :through => :item_tags, :source => :tag
has_many :tag, :through => :item_tags
has_many :item_tags
end
This is giving me an ActiveRecord::HasOneThroughCantAssociateThroughCollection when I try to do Item.find(1).type.
I'm not sure how to do this. Can anyone help?
EDIT: I also want to be able to find the three predefined tags by doing item.type and item.use etc.
It's easier to consider this first by seeing how you want your database set up. You want:
Table: Tag
id
tag_name
Table: ItemTag
id
item_id
tag_id
Table: Item
id
type_id
material_id
use_id
So, your model would be more like:
class Item < ActiveRecord::Base
belongs_to :type, :class_name => 'Tag'
belongs_to :material, :class_name => 'Tag'
belongs_to :use, :class_name => 'Tag'
# Require these tags
validates_presence_of :type, :material, :use
has_many :item_tags
has_many :tags, :through => :item_tags
def list_tags
[type, material, use] + tags
end
end
So, your database will have three columns directly in the item table, which link to the tag table. These are required via validations, but you can also set up in your migrations to make these columns not null as well if you wish. The other optional tags keep their same relationship.
You want belongs_to and not has_one, because that pushes the relationship to the Item, where you want it. Has_one puts an item_id column in the Tag table, which is not what you want.
To get the three required tags to appear with the rest of the tags via this method, I'd recommend adding a function just for this use, defined as list_tags above.
Hope that helps!
I think you may want to use custom validations to check that Item.tags includes the ones you require, then use either scopes and class methods to get item.use, item.type, etc. to work as you want.
Item model:
class Item < ActiveRecord::Base
has_many :tags, :class_name => 'ItemTag'
validate :has_type, :has_use, :has_material
# Access methods
def types
self.tags.types
end
def uses
self.tags.uses
end
def materials
self.tags.materials
end
private
# Custom validation methods
def has_type
unless tags.present? and tags.include?(ItemTag.types)
errors.add("Tags must include a type.")
end
end
def has_material
unless tags.present? and tags.include?(ItemTag.materials)
errors.add("Tags must include a material.")
end
end
def has_use
unless tags.present? and tags.include?(ItemTag.use)
errors.add("Tags must include a use.")
end
end
end
ItemTag model:
class ItemTag < ActiveRecord::Base
scope :types, lambda { where(...) }
scope :materials, lambda { where(...) }
scope :uses, lambda { where(...) }
end
You could grab single occurances if preferred using .first in the access methods. You'll need to adjust the where(...) queries based on how you are determining what constitutes a type/material/use.

Belongs_to based on value of a field

I have a table with entries, and each entries can have different account-types. I'm trying to define and return the account based on the value of cindof
Each account type has one table, account_site and account_page. So a regular belongs_to won't do.
So is there any way to return something like:
belongs_to :account, :class_name => "AccountSite", :foreign_key => "account_id" if cindof = 1
belongs_to :account, :class_name => "AccountPage", :foreign_key => "account_id" if cindof = 2
Have tried to do that in a method allso, but no luck. Really want to have just one accountand not different belongs_to names.
Anyone that can figure out what I want? Hard to explain in English.
Terw
You should be able to do what you want with a polymorphic association. This won't switch on cindof by default, but that may not be a problem.
class ObjectWithAccount < ActiveRecord::Base
belongs_to :account, :polymorphic => true
end
class AccountSite < ActiveRecord::Base
has_many :objects_with_accounts,
:as => :account,
:class_name => 'ObjectWithAccount'
end
class AccountPage < ActiveRecord::Base
has_many :objects_with_accounts,
:as => :account,
:class_name => 'ObjectWithAccount'
end
You will need both an account_id column and a account_type column. The type of the account object is then stored in the extra type column.
This will let you do:
obj.account = AccountPage.new
or
obj.account = AccountSite.new
I would look into Single Table Inheritance. Not 100% sure, but I think it would solve your problem http://code.alexreisner.com/articles/single-table-inheritance-in-rails.html
If that isn't good, this isn't too hard to implement yourself.
def account
case self.cindof
when 1 then AccountSite.find self.account_id
when 2 then AccountPage.find self.account_id
end
end

Rails has_many :through and Setting Property on Join model

Similar to this question, how do I set a property on the join model just before save in this context?
class Post < ActiveRecord::Base
has_many :post_assets
has_many :assets, :through => :post_assets
has_many :featured_images, :through => :post_assets, :class_name => "Asset", :source => :asset, :conditions => ['post_assets.context = ?', "featured"]
end
class PostAssets < ActiveRecord::Base
belongs_to :post
belongs_to :asset
# context is so we know the scope or role
# the join plays
validates_presences_of :context
end
class Asset < ActiveRecord::Base
has_many :post_assets
has_many :posts, :through => :post_assets
end
I just want to be able to do this:
#post = Post.create!(:title => "A Post")
#post.featured_images << Asset.create!(:title => "An Asset")
# ...
#post = Post.first
#featured = #post.featured_images.first
#=> #<Asset id: 1, title: "An Asset">
#featured.current_post_asset #=> #<PostAsset id: 1, context: "featured">
How would that work? I've been banging my head over it all day :).
What currently happens is when I do this:
#post.featured_images << Asset.create!(:title => "An Asset")
Then the join model PostAsset that gets created never gets a chance to set context. How do I set that context property? It looks like this:
PostAsset.first #=> #<PostAsset id: 1, context: nil>
Update:
I have created a test gem to try to isolate the problem. Is there an easier way to do this?!
This ActsAsJoinable::Core class makes it so you can have many to many relationships with a context between them in the join model. And it adds helper methods. The basic tests show basically what I'm trying to do. Any better ideas on how to do this properly?
Look at the has_many options in the ActiveRecord::Associations::ClassMethods API located here: http://rails.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActiveRecord/Associations/ClassMethods.html#M001316
This is the most interesting quote:
:conditions
Specify the conditions that the associated object must meet in order to be included as a WHERE SQL fragment, such as authorized = 1. Record creations from the association are scoped if a hash is used. has_many :posts, :conditions => {:published => true} will create published posts with #blog.posts.create or #blog.posts.build.
So I believe your conditions must be specified as a hash, like so:
class Post < ActiveRecord::Base
has_many :post_assets
has_many :featured_post_assets, :conditions => { :context => 'featured' }
has_many :assets, :through => :post_assets
has_many :featured_images, :through => :featured_post_assets,
:class_name => "Asset", :source => :asset,
end
And you should also do the following:
#post.featured_images.build(:title => "An asset")
instead of:
#post.featured_images << Asset.create!(:title => "An Asset")
This should call the scoped asset build, as suggested in the quote above to add the context field to asset. It will also save both the join model object (post_asset) and the asset object to the database at the same time in one atomic transaction.

how to access rails join model attributes when using has_many :through

I have a data model something like this:
# columns include collection_item_id, collection_id, item_id, position, etc
class CollectionItem < ActiveRecord::Base
self.primary_key = 'collection_item_id'
belongs_to :collection
belongs_to :item
end
class Item < ActiveRecord::Base
has_many :collection_items
has_many :collections, :through => :collection_items, :source => :collection
end
class Collection < ActiveRecord::Base
has_many :collection_items, :order => :position
has_many :items, :through => :collection_items, :source => :item, :order => :position
end
An Item can appear in multiple collections and also more than once in the same collection at different positions.
I'm trying to create a helper method that creates a menu containing every item in every collection. I want to use the collection_item_id to keep track of the currently selected item between requests, but I can't access any attributes of the join model via the Item class.
def helper_method( collection_id )
colls = Collection.find :all
colls.each do |coll|
coll.items.each do |item|
# !!! FAILS HERE ( undefined method `collection_item_id' )
do_something_with( item.collection_item_id )
end
end
end
I tried this as well but it also fails with ( undefined method `collection_item' )
do_something_with( item.collection_item.collection_item_id )
Edit: thanks to serioys sam for pointing out that the above is obviously wrong
I have also tried to access other attributes in the join model, like this:
do_something_with( item.position )
and:
do_something_with( item.collection_item.position )
Edit: thanks to serioys sam for pointing out that the above is obviously wrong
but they also fail.
Can anyone advise me how to proceed with this?
Edit: -------------------->
I found from online documentation that using has_and_belongs_to_many will attach the join table attributes to the retreived items, but apparently it is deprecated. I haven't tried it yet.
Currently I am working on amending my Collection model like this:
class Collection < ActiveRecord::Base
has_many :collection_items, :order => :position, :include => :item
...
end
and changing the helper to use coll.collection_items instead of coll.items
Edit: -------------------->
I've changed my helper to work as above and it works fine - (thankyou sam)
It's made a mess of my code - because of other factors not detailed here - but nothing that an hour or two of re-factoring wont sort out.
In your example you have defined in Item model relationship as has_many for collection_items and collections the generated association method is collection_items and collections respectively both of them returns an array so the way you are trying to access here is wrong. this is primarily case of mant to many relationship. just check this Asscociation Documentation for further reference.
do_something_with( item.collection_item_id )
This fails because item does not have a collection_item_id member.
do_something_with( item.collection_item.collection_item_id )
This fails because item does not have a collection_item member.
Remember that the relation between item and collection_items is a has_many. So item has collection_items, not just a single item. Also, each collection has a list of collection items. What you want to do is probably this:
colls = Collection.find :all
colls.each do |coll|
coll.collection_items.each do |collection_item|
do_something_with( collection_item.id )
end
end
A couple of other pieces of advice:
Have you read the documentation for has_many :through in the Rails Guides? It is pretty good.
You shouldn't need the :source parameters in the has_many declarations, since you have named your models and associations in a sensible way.
I found from online documentation that using has_and_belongs_to_many will attach the join table attributes to the retreived items, but apparently it is deprecated. I haven't tried it yet.
I recommend you stick with has_many :through, because has_and_belongs_to_many is more confusing and doesn't offer any real benefits.
I was able to get this working for one of my models:
class Group < ActiveRecord::Base
has_many :users, :through => :memberships, :source => :user do
def with_join
proxy_target.map do |user|
proxy_owner = proxy_owner()
user.metaclass.send(:define_method, :membership) do
memberships.detect {|_| _.group == proxy_owner}
end
user
end
end
end
end
In your case, something like this should work (haven't tested):
class Collection < ActiveRecord::Base
has_many :collection_items, :order => :position
has_many :items, :through => :collection_items, :source => :item, :order => :position do
def with_join
proxy_target.map do |items|
proxy_owner = proxy_owner()
item.metaclass.send(:define_method, :join) do
collection_items.detect {|_| _.collection == proxy_owner}
end
item
end
end
end
end
Now you should be able to access the CollectionItem from an Item as long as you access your items like this (items.with_join):
def helper_method( collection_id )
colls = Collection.find :all
colls.each do |coll|
coll.items.with_join.each do |item|
do_something_with( item.join.collection_item_id )
end
end
end
Here is a more general solution that you can use to add this behavior to any has_many :through association:
http://github.com/TylerRick/has_many_through_with_join_model
class Collection < ActiveRecord::Base
has_many :collection_items, :order => :position
has_many :items, :through => :collection_items, :source => :item, :order => :position, :extend => WithJoinModel
end

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