Extracting route table from MVC app in T4 template - asp.net-mvc

Does anyone have any ideas on how I might extract the route table from a MVC app in a T4 template ?
Ideally what Id like to do is create an instance of the 'MvcApplication : System.Web.HttpApplication' and get it to 'startup' so the routes are registered and I can just extract them from Routes.RouteTable.
Failing that, I thought about using reflection to find static classes with methods that follow the Register[xxxx]Route naming convention. Would work in a lot of cases.
Any other suggestions I might have missed ?
Edit - seems to be some confusion over the question. I know that T4 runs at design time. I know that routes are registered at runtime. This guy did something similar to what im looking to do - extract roues at design time but he forces you to register routes in a particular way so he can use reflection to read them back out. Wanted to avoid that if at all possible.

You can use library Microsoft.Web.Mvc in MVC futures that has method
ExpressionHelper.GetRouteValuesFromExpression<TController>(Expression<Action<TController>> action)
It give you what you want.
Update: it can work without Asp.Net MVC but you need to copy realization of Microsoft.Web.Mvc.Internal.ExpressionHelper to your own class and remove restriction where TController:Controller from signature of GetRouteValuesFromExpression method:
public static class MyOwnExpressionHelper
{
public static RouteValueDictionary GetRouteValuesFromExpression<TController>(Expression<Action<TController>> action) //where TController : Controller
{
if (action == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("action");
MethodCallExpression call = action.Body as MethodCallExpression;
if (call == null)
throw new ArgumentException("MustBeMethodCall", "action");
string name = typeof(TController).Name;
if (!name.EndsWith("Controller", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
throw new ArgumentException("TargetMustEndInController", "action");
string str = name.Substring(0, name.Length - "Controller".Length);
if (str.Length == 0)
throw new ArgumentException("_CannotRouteToController", "action");
string targetActionName = GetTargetActionName(call.Method);
RouteValueDictionary rvd = new RouteValueDictionary();
rvd.Add("Controller", (object)str);
rvd.Add("Action", (object)targetActionName);
ActionLinkAreaAttribute linkAreaAttribute = Enumerable.FirstOrDefault<object>((IEnumerable<object>)typeof(TController).GetCustomAttributes(typeof(ActionLinkAreaAttribute), true)) as ActionLinkAreaAttribute;
if (linkAreaAttribute != null)
{
string area = linkAreaAttribute.Area;
rvd.Add("Area", (object)area);
}
AddParameterValuesFromExpressionToDictionary(rvd, call);
return rvd;
}
public static string GetInputName<TModel, TProperty>(Expression<Func<TModel, TProperty>> expression)
{
if (expression.Body.NodeType == ExpressionType.Call)
return GetInputName((MethodCallExpression)expression.Body).Substring(expression.Parameters[0].Name.Length + 1);
else
return expression.Body.ToString().Substring(expression.Parameters[0].Name.Length + 1);
}
private static string GetInputName(MethodCallExpression expression)
{
MethodCallExpression expression1 = expression.Object as MethodCallExpression;
if (expression1 != null)
return MyOwnExpressionHelper.GetInputName(expression1);
else
return expression.Object.ToString();
}
private static string GetTargetActionName(MethodInfo methodInfo)
{
string name = methodInfo.Name;
if (methodInfo.IsDefined(typeof(NonActionAttribute), true))
{
throw new InvalidOperationException(string.Format((IFormatProvider)CultureInfo.CurrentCulture,"An Error", new object[1]
{
(object) name
}));
}
else
{
ActionNameAttribute actionNameAttribute = Enumerable.FirstOrDefault<ActionNameAttribute>(Enumerable.OfType<ActionNameAttribute>((IEnumerable)methodInfo.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(ActionNameAttribute), true)));
if (actionNameAttribute != null)
return actionNameAttribute.Name;
if (methodInfo.DeclaringType.IsSubclassOf(typeof(AsyncController)))
{
if (name.EndsWith("Async", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
return name.Substring(0, name.Length - "Async".Length);
if (name.EndsWith("Completed", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
throw new InvalidOperationException(string.Format((IFormatProvider)CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, "CannotCallCompletedMethod", new object[1]
{
(object) name
}));
}
return name;
}
}
private static void AddParameterValuesFromExpressionToDictionary(RouteValueDictionary rvd, MethodCallExpression call)
{
ParameterInfo[] parameters = call.Method.GetParameters();
if (parameters.Length <= 0)
return;
for (int index = 0; index < parameters.Length; ++index)
{
Expression expression = call.Arguments[index];
ConstantExpression constantExpression = expression as ConstantExpression;
object obj = constantExpression == null ? CachedExpressionCompiler.Evaluate(expression) : constantExpression.Value;
rvd.Add(parameters[index].Name, obj);
}
}
}

Related

TinyIoC Returning Same instance

I am new to the dependency injection pattern and I am having issues getting a new instance of a class from container.Resolve in tinyioc it just keeps returning the same instance rather than a new instance. Now for the code
public abstract class HObjectBase : Object
{
private string _name = String.Empty;
public string Name
{
get
{
return this._name;
}
set
{
if (this._name == string.Empty && value.Length > 0 && value != String.Empty)
this._name = value;
else if (value.Length < 1 && value == String.Empty)
throw new FieldAccessException("Objects names cannot be blank");
else
throw new FieldAccessException("Once the internal name of an object has been set it cannot be changed");
}
}
private Guid _id = new Guid();
public Guid Id
{
get
{
return this._id;
}
set
{
if (this._id == new Guid())
this._id = value;
else
throw new FieldAccessException("Once the internal id of an object has been set it cannot be changed");
}
}
private HObjectBase _parent = null;
public HObjectBase Parent
{
get
{
return this._parent;
}
set
{
if (this._parent == null)
this._parent = value;
else
throw new FieldAccessException("Once the parent of an object has been set it cannot be changed");
}
}
}
public abstract class HZoneBase : HObjectBase
{
public new HObjectBase Parent
{
get
{
return base.Parent;
}
set
{
if (value == null || value.GetType() == typeof(HZoneBase))
{
base.Parent = value;
}
else
{
throw new FieldAccessException("Zones may only have other zones as parents");
}
}
}
private IHMetaDataStore _store;
public HZoneBase(IHMetaDataStore store)
{
this._store = store;
}
public void Save()
{
this._store.SaveZone(this);
}
}
And the derived class is a dummy at the moment but here it is
public class HZone : HZoneBase
{
public HZone(IHMetaDataStore store)
: base(store)
{
}
}
Now since this is meant to be an external library I have a faced class for accessing
everything
public class Hadrian
{
private TinyIoCContainer _container;
public Hadrian(IHMetaDataStore store)
{
this._container = new TinyIoCContainer();
this._container.Register(store);
this._container.AutoRegister();
}
public HZoneBase NewZone()
{
return _container.Resolve<HZoneBase>();
}
public HZoneBase GetZone(Guid id)
{
var metadataStore = this._container.Resolve<IHMetaDataStore>();
return metadataStore.GetZone(id);
}
public List<HZoneBase> ListRootZones()
{
var metadataStore = this._container.Resolve<IHMetaDataStore>();
return metadataStore.ListRootZones();
}
}
However the test is failing because the GetNewZone() method on the Hadrian class keeps returning the same instance.
Test Code
[Fact]
public void ListZones()
{
Hadrian instance = new Hadrian(new MemoryMetaDataStore());
Guid[] guids = { Guid.NewGuid(), Guid.NewGuid(), Guid.NewGuid() };
int cnt = 0;
foreach (Guid guid in guids)
{
HZone zone = (HZone)instance.NewZone();
zone.Id = guids[cnt];
zone.Name = "Testing" + cnt.ToString();
zone.Parent = null;
zone.Save();
cnt++;
}
cnt = 0;
foreach (HZone zone in instance.ListRootZones())
{
Assert.Equal(zone.Id, guids[cnt]);
Assert.Equal(zone.Name, "Testing" + cnt.ToString());
Assert.Equal(zone.Parent, null);
}
}
I know its probably something simple I'm missing with the pattern but I'm not sure, any help would be appreciated.
First, please always simplify the code to what is absolutely necessary to demonstrate the problem, but provide enough that it will actually run; I had to guess what MemoryMetaDataStore does and implement it myself to run the code.
Also, please say where and how stuff fails, to point others straight to the issue. I spent a few minues figuring out that the exception I was getting was your problem and you weren't even getting to the assertions.
That said, container.Resolve<HZoneBase>() will always return the same instance because that's how autoregistration in TinyIoC works - once an abstraction has been resolved, the same instance is always returned for subsequent calls.
To change this, add the following line to the Hadrian constructor:
this._container.Register<HZoneBase, HZone>().AsMultiInstance();
This will tell the container to create a new instance for each resolution request for HZoneBase.
Also, Bassetassen's answer about the Assert part is correct.
In general, if you want to learn DI, you should read Mark Seemann's excellent book "Dependency Injection in .NET" - not quite an easy read as the whole topic is inherently complex, but it's more than worth it and will let you get into it a few years faster than by learning it on your own.
In your assert stage you are not incrementing cnt. You are also using the actual value as the expected one in the assert. This will be confusing, becuase it says something is excpected when it actually is the actual value that is returned.
The assert part should be:
cnt = 0;
foreach (HZone zone in instance.ListRootZones())
{
Assert.Equal(guids[cnt], zone.Id);
Assert.Equal("Testing" + cnt.ToString(), zone.Name);
Assert.Equal(null, zone.Parent);
cnt++;
}

Accessing a Service from within an XNA Content Pipeline Extension

I need to allow my content pipeline extension to use a pattern similar to a factory. I start with a dictionary type:
public delegate T Mapper<T>(MapFactory<T> mf, XElement d);
public class MapFactory<T>
{
Dictionary<string, Mapper<T>> map = new Dictionary<string, Mapper<T>>();
public void Add(string s, Mapper<T> m)
{
map.Add(s, m);
}
public T Get(XElement xe)
{
if (xe == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(
"Invalid document");
var key = xe.Name.ToString();
if (!map.ContainsKey(key)) throw new ArgumentException(
key + " is not a valid key.");
return map[key](this, xe);
}
public IEnumerable<T> GetAll(XElement xe)
{
if (xe == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(
"Invalid document");
foreach (var e in xe.Elements())
{
var val = e.Name.ToString();
if (map.ContainsKey(val))
yield return map[val](this, e);
}
}
}
Here is one type of object I want to store:
public partial class TestContent
{
// Test type
public string title;
// Once test if true
public bool once;
// Parameters
public Dictionary<string, object> args;
public TestContent()
{
title = string.Empty;
args = new Dictionary<string, object>();
}
public TestContent(XElement xe)
{
title = xe.Name.ToString();
args = new Dictionary<string, object>();
xe.ParseAttribute("once", once);
}
}
XElement.ParseAttribute is an extension method that works as one might expect. It returns a boolean that is true if successful.
The issue is that I have many different types of tests, each of which populates the object in a way unique to the specific test. The element name is the key to MapFactory's dictionary. This type of test, while atypical, illustrates my problem.
public class LogicTest : TestBase
{
string opkey;
List<TestBase> items;
public override bool Test(BehaviorArgs args)
{
if (items == null) return false;
if (items.Count == 0) return false;
bool result = items[0].Test(args);
for (int i = 1; i < items.Count; i++)
{
bool other = items[i].Test(args);
switch (opkey)
{
case "And":
result &= other;
if (!result) return false;
break;
case "Or":
result |= other;
if (result) return true;
break;
case "Xor":
result ^= other;
break;
case "Nand":
result = !(result & other);
break;
case "Nor":
result = !(result | other);
break;
default:
result = false;
break;
}
}
return result;
}
public static TestContent Build(MapFactory<TestContent> mf, XElement xe)
{
var result = new TestContent(xe);
string key = "Or";
xe.GetAttribute("op", key);
result.args.Add("key", key);
var names = mf.GetAll(xe).ToList();
if (names.Count() < 2) throw new ArgumentException(
"LogicTest requires at least two entries.");
result.args.Add("items", names);
return result;
}
}
My actual code is more involved as the factory has two dictionaries, one that turns an XElement into a content type to write and another used by the reader to create the actual game objects.
I need to build these factories in code because they map strings to delegates. I have a service that contains several of these factories. The mission is to make these factory classes available to a content processor. Neither the processor itself nor the context it uses as a parameter have any known hooks to attach an IServiceProvider or equivalent.
Any ideas?
I needed to create a data structure essentially on demand without access to the underlying classes as they came from a third party, in this case XNA Game Studio. There is only one way to do this I know of... statically.
public class TestMap : Dictionary<string, string>
{
private static readonly TestMap map = new TestMap();
private TestMap()
{
Add("Logic", "LogicProcessor");
Add("Sequence", "SequenceProcessor");
Add("Key", "KeyProcessor");
Add("KeyVector", "KeyVectorProcessor");
Add("Mouse", "MouseProcessor");
Add("Pad", "PadProcessor");
Add("PadVector", "PadVectorProcessor");
}
public static TestMap Map
{
get { return map; }
}
public IEnumerable<TestContent> Collect(XElement xe, ContentProcessorContext cpc)
{
foreach(var e in xe.Elements().Where(e => ContainsKey(e.Name.ToString())))
{
yield return cpc.Convert<XElement, TestContent>(
e, this[e.Name.ToString()]);
}
}
}
I took this a step further and created content processors for each type of TestBase:
/// <summary>
/// Turns an imported XElement into a TestContent used for a LogicTest
/// </summary>
[ContentProcessor(DisplayName = "LogicProcessor")]
public class LogicProcessor : ContentProcessor<XElement, TestContent>
{
public override TestContent Process(XElement input, ContentProcessorContext context)
{
var result = new TestContent(input);
string key = "Or";
input.GetAttribute("op", key);
result.args.Add("key", key);
var items = TestMap.Map.Collect(input, context);
if (items.Count() < 2) throw new ArgumentNullException(
"LogicProcessor requires at least two items.");
result.args.Add("items", items);
return result;
}
}
Any attempt to reference or access the class such as calling TestMap.Collect will generate the underlying static class if needed. I basically moved the code from LogicTest.Build to the processor. I also carry out any needed validation in the processor.
When I get to reading these classes I will have the ContentService to help.

ConversionErrorInterceptor throws conversion error during quit/cancel (Struts 2)

The scenario of the problem is this
1) We map the struts field values to the dtos. The dtos contain integer fields which again are displayed on the screen.
2) Now I enter an incorrect value which gives conversion error for that integer field.
3) At that point in time I decide to quit the page(i.e press cancel), I get a conversion error. This is because the StrutsConversionErrorInterceptor gets called everytime.
Is there any way that I can skip the strutsConversionErrorInterceptor when I am calling a particular method the way we can skip validation using excludeMethods
Use this code to override Struts's StrutsConversionErrorInterceptor...
public class MyConversionErrorInterceptor extends AbstractInterceptor {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public static final String ORIGINAL_PROPERTY_OVERRIDE = "original.property.override";
protected Object getOverrideExpr(ActionInvocation invocation, Object value) {
ValueStack stack = invocation.getStack();
try {
stack.push(value);
return "'" + stack.findValue("top", String.class) + "'";
} finally {
stack.pop();
}
}
#Override
public String intercept(ActionInvocation invocation) throws Exception {
ActionContext invocationContext = invocation.getInvocationContext();
Map<String, Object> conversionErrors = invocationContext.getConversionErrors();
ValueStack stack = invocationContext.getValueStack();
HashMap<Object, Object> fakie = null;
BaseAction baseAction = (BaseAction) invocation.getAction();
String buttonName = baseAction.getButtonName();
for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : conversionErrors.entrySet()) {
String propertyName = entry.getKey();
Object value = entry.getValue();
if (shouldAddError(propertyName, value)) {
String message = XWorkConverter.getConversionErrorMessage(propertyName, stack);
Object action = invocation.getAction();
if (action instanceof ValidationAware) {
ValidationAware va = (ValidationAware) action;
if(buttonName.equalsIgnoreCas("Next")){
va.addFieldError(propertyName, message);
}
}
if (fakie == null) {
fakie = new HashMap<Object, Object>();
}
if(buttonName.equalsIgnoreCas("Next")){
fakie.put(propertyName, getOverrideExpr(invocation, value));
}
}
}
if (fakie != null) {
// if there were some errors, put the original (fake) values in
// place right before the result
stack.getContext().put(ORIGINAL_PROPERTY_OVERRIDE, fakie);
invocation.addPreResultListener(new PreResultListener() {
public void beforeResult(ActionInvocation invocation, String resultCode) {
Map<Object, Object> fakie = (Map<Object, Object>) invocation.getInvocationContext().get(ORIGINAL_PROPERTY_OVERRIDE);
if (fakie != null) {
invocation.getStack().setExprOverrides(fakie);
}
}
});
}
return invocation.invoke();
}
protected boolean shouldAddError(String propertyName, Object value) {
if (value == null) {
return false;
}
if ("".equals(value)) {
return false;
}
if (value instanceof String[]) {
String[] array = (String[]) value;
if (array.length == 0) {
return false;
}
if (array.length > 1) {
return true;
}
String str = array[0];
if ("".equals(str)) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
}
You can specify you button names on which you want validation to fire. In above code I have used "Next" in code you can see
if(buttonName.equalsIgnoreCas("Next"))
Yes, you can skip calling the interceptor.
Just remove the interceptor definition from your action definition in struts.xml file.
i.e., remove <interceptor-ref name="conversionError"/>
Mainly this interceptor adds any error found in the ActionContext's conversionErrors map as a field error (provided that the action implements ValidationAware). In addition, any field that contains a validation error has its original value saved such that any subsequent requests for that value return the original value rather than the value in the action. This is important because if the value "abc" is submitted and can't be converted to an int, we want to display the original string ("abc") again rather than the int value (likely 0, which would make very little sense to the user).
After you removed this interceptor, if the struts failed to map the field with parameter of the object(i.e., from string to int), it throws result input action error.
This seems to be a better method to handle this scenario - using Conversion Validator. Repopulating Field upon conversion Error section is something very useful:
http://struts.apache.org/2.0.14/docs/conversion-validator.html

How to post a custom user defined object to a url?

MyObject myobject= new MyObject();
myobject.name="Test";
myobject.address="test";
myobject.contactno=1234;
string url = "http://www.myurl.com/Key/1234?" + myobject;
WebRequest myRequest = WebRequest.Create(url);
WebResponse myResponse = myRequest.GetResponse();
myResponse.Close();
Now the above doesnt work but if I try to hit the url manually in this way it works-
"http://www.myurl.com/Key/1234?name=Test&address=test&contactno=1234
Can anyone tell me what am I doing wrong here ?
In this case, "myobject" automatically calls its ToString() method, which returns the type of the object as a string.
You need to pick each property and add it to the querystring together with its value. You can use the PropertyInfo class for this.
foreach (var propertyInfo in myobject.GetType().GetProperties())
{
url += string.Format("&{0}={1}", propertyInfo.Name, propertyInfo.GetValue(myobject, null));
}
The GetProperties() method is overloaded and can be invoked with BindingFlags so that only defined properties are returned (like BindingFlags.Public to only return public properties). See: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/kyaxdd3x.aspx
I would recommend defining how to turn MyObject into query string values. Make a method on the object which knows how to set properties for all of its values.
public string ToQueryString()
{
string s = "name=" + this.name;
s += "&address=" + this.address;
s += "&contactno=" + this.contactno;
return s
}
Then instead of adding myObject, add myObject.ToQueryString().
Here is the tostring method I wrote -
public override string ToString()
{
Type myobject = (typeof(MyObject));
string url = string.Empty;
int cnt = 0;
foreach (var propertyInfo in myobject.GetProperties(BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance))
{
if (cnt == 0)
{
url += string.Format("{0}={1}", propertyInfo.Name, propertyInfo.GetValue(this, null));
cnt++;
}
else
url += string.Format("&{0}={1}", propertyInfo.Name, propertyInfo.GetValue(this, null));
}
return url;
}

How to cache data in a MVC application

I have read lots of information about page caching and partial page caching in a MVC application. However, I would like to know how you would cache data.
In my scenario I will be using LINQ to Entities (entity framework). On the first call to GetNames (or whatever the method is) I want to grab the data from the database. I want to save the results in cache and on the second call to use the cached version if it exists.
Can anyone show an example of how this would work, where this should be implemented (model?) and if it would work.
I have seen this done in traditional ASP.NET apps , typically for very static data.
Here's a nice and simple cache helper class/service I use:
using System.Runtime.Caching;
public class InMemoryCache: ICacheService
{
public T GetOrSet<T>(string cacheKey, Func<T> getItemCallback) where T : class
{
T item = MemoryCache.Default.Get(cacheKey) as T;
if (item == null)
{
item = getItemCallback();
MemoryCache.Default.Add(cacheKey, item, DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(10));
}
return item;
}
}
interface ICacheService
{
T GetOrSet<T>(string cacheKey, Func<T> getItemCallback) where T : class;
}
Usage:
cacheProvider.GetOrSet("cache key", (delegate method if cache is empty));
Cache provider will check if there's anything by the name of "cache id" in the cache, and if there's not, it will call a delegate method to fetch data and store it in cache.
Example:
var products=cacheService.GetOrSet("catalog.products", ()=>productRepository.GetAll())
Reference the System.Web dll in your model and use System.Web.Caching.Cache
public string[] GetNames()
{
string[] names = Cache["names"] as string[];
if(names == null) //not in cache
{
names = DB.GetNames();
Cache["names"] = names;
}
return names;
}
A bit simplified but I guess that would work. This is not MVC specific and I have always used this method for caching data.
I'm referring to TT's post and suggest the following approach:
Reference the System.Web dll in your model and use System.Web.Caching.Cache
public string[] GetNames()
{
var noms = Cache["names"];
if(noms == null)
{
noms = DB.GetNames();
Cache["names"] = noms;
}
return ((string[])noms);
}
You should not return a value re-read from the cache, since you'll never know if at that specific moment it is still in the cache. Even if you inserted it in the statement before, it might already be gone or has never been added to the cache - you just don't know.
So you add the data read from the database and return it directly, not re-reading from the cache.
For .NET 4.5+ framework
add reference: System.Runtime.Caching
add using statement:
using System.Runtime.Caching;
public string[] GetNames()
{
var noms = System.Runtime.Caching.MemoryCache.Default["names"];
if(noms == null)
{
noms = DB.GetNames();
System.Runtime.Caching.MemoryCache.Default["names"] = noms;
}
return ((string[])noms);
}
In the .NET Framework 3.5 and earlier versions, ASP.NET provided an in-memory cache implementation in the System.Web.Caching namespace. In previous versions of the .NET Framework, caching was available only in the System.Web namespace and therefore required a dependency on ASP.NET classes. In the .NET Framework 4, the System.Runtime.Caching namespace contains APIs that are designed for both Web and non-Web applications.
More info:
https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd997357(v=vs.110).aspx
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/framework/performance/caching-in-net-framework-applications
Steve Smith did two great blog posts which demonstrate how to use his CachedRepository pattern in ASP.NET MVC. It uses the repository pattern effectively and allows you to get caching without having to change your existing code.
http://ardalis.com/Introducing-the-CachedRepository-Pattern
http://ardalis.com/building-a-cachedrepository-via-strategy-pattern
In these two posts he shows you how to set up this pattern and also explains why it is useful. By using this pattern you get caching without your existing code seeing any of the caching logic. Essentially you use the cached repository as if it were any other repository.
I have used it in this way and it works for me.
https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.web.caching.cache.add(v=vs.110).aspx
parameters info for system.web.caching.cache.add.
public string GetInfo()
{
string name = string.Empty;
if(System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Cache["KeyName"] == null)
{
name = GetNameMethod();
System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Cache.Add("KeyName", name, null, DateTime.Noew.AddMinutes(5), Cache.NoSlidingExpiration, CacheitemPriority.AboveNormal, null);
}
else
{
name = System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Cache["KeyName"] as string;
}
return name;
}
AppFabric Caching is distributed and an in-memory caching technic that stores data in key-value pairs using physical memory across multiple servers. AppFabric provides performance and scalability improvements for .NET Framework applications. Concepts and Architecture
Extending #Hrvoje Hudo's answer...
Code:
using System;
using System.Runtime.Caching;
public class InMemoryCache : ICacheService
{
public TValue Get<TValue>(string cacheKey, int durationInMinutes, Func<TValue> getItemCallback) where TValue : class
{
TValue item = MemoryCache.Default.Get(cacheKey) as TValue;
if (item == null)
{
item = getItemCallback();
MemoryCache.Default.Add(cacheKey, item, DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(durationInMinutes));
}
return item;
}
public TValue Get<TValue, TId>(string cacheKeyFormat, TId id, int durationInMinutes, Func<TId, TValue> getItemCallback) where TValue : class
{
string cacheKey = string.Format(cacheKeyFormat, id);
TValue item = MemoryCache.Default.Get(cacheKey) as TValue;
if (item == null)
{
item = getItemCallback(id);
MemoryCache.Default.Add(cacheKey, item, DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(durationInMinutes));
}
return item;
}
}
interface ICacheService
{
TValue Get<TValue>(string cacheKey, Func<TValue> getItemCallback) where TValue : class;
TValue Get<TValue, TId>(string cacheKeyFormat, TId id, Func<TId, TValue> getItemCallback) where TValue : class;
}
Examples
Single item caching (when each item is cached based on its ID because caching the entire catalog for the item type would be too intensive).
Product product = cache.Get("product_{0}", productId, 10, productData.getProductById);
Caching all of something
IEnumerable<Categories> categories = cache.Get("categories", 20, categoryData.getCategories);
Why TId
The second helper is especially nice because most data keys are not composite. Additional methods could be added if you use composite keys often. In this way you avoid doing all sorts of string concatenation or string.Formats to get the key to pass to the cache helper. It also makes passing the data access method easier because you don't have to pass the ID into the wrapper method... the whole thing becomes very terse and consistant for the majority of use cases.
Here's an improvement to Hrvoje Hudo's answer. This implementation has a couple of key improvements:
Cache keys are created automatically based on the function to update data and the object passed in that specifies dependencies
Pass in time span for any cache duration
Uses a lock for thread safety
Note that this has a dependency on Newtonsoft.Json to serialize the dependsOn object, but that can be easily swapped out for any other serialization method.
ICache.cs
public interface ICache
{
T GetOrSet<T>(Func<T> getItemCallback, object dependsOn, TimeSpan duration) where T : class;
}
InMemoryCache.cs
using System;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Runtime.Caching;
using Newtonsoft.Json;
public class InMemoryCache : ICache
{
private static readonly object CacheLockObject = new object();
public T GetOrSet<T>(Func<T> getItemCallback, object dependsOn, TimeSpan duration) where T : class
{
string cacheKey = GetCacheKey(getItemCallback, dependsOn);
T item = MemoryCache.Default.Get(cacheKey) as T;
if (item == null)
{
lock (CacheLockObject)
{
item = getItemCallback();
MemoryCache.Default.Add(cacheKey, item, DateTime.Now.Add(duration));
}
}
return item;
}
private string GetCacheKey<T>(Func<T> itemCallback, object dependsOn) where T: class
{
var serializedDependants = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(dependsOn);
var methodType = itemCallback.GetType();
return methodType.FullName + serializedDependants;
}
}
Usage:
var order = _cache.GetOrSet(
() => _session.Set<Order>().SingleOrDefault(o => o.Id == orderId)
, new { id = orderId }
, new TimeSpan(0, 10, 0)
);
public sealed class CacheManager
{
private static volatile CacheManager instance;
private static object syncRoot = new Object();
private ObjectCache cache = null;
private CacheItemPolicy defaultCacheItemPolicy = null;
private CacheEntryRemovedCallback callback = null;
private bool allowCache = true;
private CacheManager()
{
cache = MemoryCache.Default;
callback = new CacheEntryRemovedCallback(this.CachedItemRemovedCallback);
defaultCacheItemPolicy = new CacheItemPolicy();
defaultCacheItemPolicy.AbsoluteExpiration = DateTime.Now.AddHours(1.0);
defaultCacheItemPolicy.RemovedCallback = callback;
allowCache = StringUtils.Str2Bool(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["AllowCache"]); ;
}
public static CacheManager Instance
{
get
{
if (instance == null)
{
lock (syncRoot)
{
if (instance == null)
{
instance = new CacheManager();
}
}
}
return instance;
}
}
public IEnumerable GetCache(String Key)
{
if (Key == null || !allowCache)
{
return null;
}
try
{
String Key_ = Key;
if (cache.Contains(Key_))
{
return (IEnumerable)cache.Get(Key_);
}
else
{
return null;
}
}
catch (Exception)
{
return null;
}
}
public void ClearCache(string key)
{
AddCache(key, null);
}
public bool AddCache(String Key, IEnumerable data, CacheItemPolicy cacheItemPolicy = null)
{
if (!allowCache) return true;
try
{
if (Key == null)
{
return false;
}
if (cacheItemPolicy == null)
{
cacheItemPolicy = defaultCacheItemPolicy;
}
String Key_ = Key;
lock (Key_)
{
return cache.Add(Key_, data, cacheItemPolicy);
}
}
catch (Exception)
{
return false;
}
}
private void CachedItemRemovedCallback(CacheEntryRemovedArguments arguments)
{
String strLog = String.Concat("Reason: ", arguments.RemovedReason.ToString(), " | Key-Name: ", arguments.CacheItem.Key, " | Value-Object: ", arguments.CacheItem.Value.ToString());
LogManager.Instance.Info(strLog);
}
}
I use two classes. First one the cache core object:
public class Cacher<TValue>
where TValue : class
{
#region Properties
private Func<TValue> _init;
public string Key { get; private set; }
public TValue Value
{
get
{
var item = HttpRuntime.Cache.Get(Key) as TValue;
if (item == null)
{
item = _init();
HttpContext.Current.Cache.Insert(Key, item);
}
return item;
}
}
#endregion
#region Constructor
public Cacher(string key, Func<TValue> init)
{
Key = key;
_init = init;
}
#endregion
#region Methods
public void Refresh()
{
HttpRuntime.Cache.Remove(Key);
}
#endregion
}
Second one is list of cache objects:
public static class Caches
{
static Caches()
{
Languages = new Cacher<IEnumerable<Language>>("Languages", () =>
{
using (var context = new WordsContext())
{
return context.Languages.ToList();
}
});
}
public static Cacher<IEnumerable<Language>> Languages { get; private set; }
}
I will say implementing Singleton on this persisting data issue can be a solution for this matter in case you find previous solutions much complicated
public class GPDataDictionary
{
private Dictionary<string, object> configDictionary = new Dictionary<string, object>();
/// <summary>
/// Configuration values dictionary
/// </summary>
public Dictionary<string, object> ConfigDictionary
{
get { return configDictionary; }
}
private static GPDataDictionary instance;
public static GPDataDictionary Instance
{
get
{
if (instance == null)
{
instance = new GPDataDictionary();
}
return instance;
}
}
// private constructor
private GPDataDictionary() { }
} // singleton
HttpContext.Current.Cache.Insert("subjectlist", subjectlist);
You can also try and use the caching built into ASP MVC:
Add the following attribute to the controller method you'd like to cache:
[OutputCache(Duration=10)]
In this case the ActionResult of this will be cached for 10 seconds.
More on this here

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