I know that rails automatically escapes characters like '<' or '&', but this does nothing for multiple spaces next to each other. I would like to escape everything, including spaces.
I understand that normally you don't want to use and that you should use css instead. However, I'm trying to take user input and display it, so css isn't feasible.
For example, I have the user input: test . When I display it with <%=#user_input%> in the view, the extra whitespace is displayed as a single space (though it appears correctly in the source).
Is there an easy way to escape the whitespace? Should I just use h #user_input and then replace all the spaces?
The whitespace isn't removed. Browsers simply interpret multiple whitespace characters as a single space.
You could convert each space to if you want:
<%= raw #user_input.gsub(/\s/, " ") %>
You could alternatively replace each space with an empty <span class="whitespace"></span> tag, and then use CSS to style the whitespace 'characters' however you like.
Finally, you can do this with only CSS too using the white-space: pre style (example below).
http://jsfiddle.net/G3VnY/
Edit (to answer the follow-up in your comment)
<%= raw h("this is a sample & with ampersand.").gsub(/\s/, " ") %>
This escapes the & as & in the source (and will do similar for other HTML entities), and then does the " " to conversion.
Related
Question: How to escape multiple consecutive underscores in text literals?
I am using the standard Thymeleaf dialect for HTML (I am not using Spring or SpEL here).
In Thymeleaf, I can create an underscore as a text literal as follows:
<div th:text="'_'"></div>
This renders as:
<div>_</div>
I can create literals with 2 and 3 underscores in the same way:
<div th:text="'__'"></div>
<div th:text="'___'"></div>
But for 4 underscores, I get an error:
org.thymeleaf.exceptions.TemplateProcessingException: Could not parse as expression: ""
I assume (maybe incorrectly) this is because two pairs of underscores (__ followed by __) are the markers used by Thymeleaf for the expression preprocessor. And when these are removed, I am left with an empty expression - hence the error.
I can escape the underscores using the backslash (\) escape character. The following all give the required results:
<div th:text="'\_\___'"></div>
<div th:text="'\_\_\_\__'"></div>
<div th:text="'\_\_\_\___'"></div>
<div th:text="'_\_\_\_\___'"></div>
<div th:text="'\_\_\_\_\_\___'"></div>
But I can't just escape every underscore.
This displays a stray backslash:
<div th:text="'\_\_\_\_\_'"></div>
The result is:
<div>____\_</div>
So:
What are the rules for escaping underscores in text literals?
Is it really the preprocessor which is causing this behavior (inside text literals) - or is it something else?
Yeah, this is definitely part of the preprocessor.
It looks to me like the preprocessor only replaces an exact match of \_\_ with __. In any case where you have an odd number of \_'s, you will get the output \_ -- because it's not treating \_ as a real escape and instead only looking for \_\_.
I stumbled upon the same issue while providing underscore as placeholder for a code input field and found the following workarounds:
1. Insert zero width space as seperator
In the first example ('____') the zero witdh space is unescaped, but you can copy paste the string into your IDE of choice.
<div th:text="${'______'}"></div>
<div th:text="${'______'}"></div>
<div th:text="${'______'}"></div>
<div th:text="${'_​_​_​_​_​_'}"></div>
2. Use string replace
Surprisingly, this also seems to work. You can use any character, but no underscores in the original string, I chose "......". You can also use it with a string of unknown length by specifying a variable instead of a fixed string.
<div th:text="${#strings.replace('......', '.', '_')}"></div>
<div th:text="${#strings.replace('......', '.', '_')}"></div>
How can I use characters like ö and é in konva.Text?
I have tried konva.Text within a demo: https://jsfiddle.net/64Love07/1/
Such special characters could be directly put in plain texts and actually I am still not sure what challenges within your situation.
Addtionally, some extra information could be helpful if this demo included answer still could not solve your problem perfectly.
Use String.fromCharCode(insert_code_here) to have text with these special characters.
For example, set the text attribute to String.fromCharCode(8730) to have √ in the Konva text.
To produce "ö and é" use:
String.fromCharCode(246) + " and " + String.fromCharCode(233)
I have JSON strings that may contain \n, \t, which I don't want to save into database. strip_tags helps only with simple strings. I am using gsub(/(\\n)|(\\t)/, "").
I wonder if there is another Rails helper method or a better way to achieve this.
e.g
"[{\"type\":\"checkbox-group\",\"label\":\"\\n\\n\\n\\n\\n\\n\\n\\n\\n\\n\\n\\n\\n\\n\\nFill in\\nthe Gap (Please\\nfill in the blank box with correct wor\",\"name\":\"checkbox-group-1527245153706\",\"values\":[{\"label\":\"Option 1\",\"value\":\"option-1\",\"selected\":true}]},{\"type\":\"text\",\"label\":\"\\n\\t\\t\\n\\t\\n\\t\\n\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tWhat are the unique features of\\ne-commerce, digital markets, and\\ndigital goods? \\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\",\"className\":\"form-control\",\"name\":\"text-1527245426509\",\"subtype\":\"text\"}]"
You can make use of squish or squish!
" Some text \n\n and a tab \t\t with new line \n\n ".squish
#=> "Some text and a tab with new line"
Squish removes all the whitespace chars on both ends and grouping remaining whitespace chars (\n, \t, space) in one space
I think this one may help you,
JSON.parse(string).map{ |a| a['label'] = a['label'].squish; a}
I'm using markdown for comments on my site and I want users to be able to create line breaks by pressing enter instead of space space enter (see this meta question for more details on this idea)
How can I do this in Ruby? You'd think Github Flavored Markdown would be exactly what I need, but (surprisingly), it's quite buggy.
Here's their implementation:
# in very clear cases, let newlines become <br /> tags
text.gsub!(/^[\w\<][^\n]*\n+/) do |x|
x =~ /\n{2}/ ? x : (x.strip!; x << " \n")
end
This logic requires that the line start with a \w for a linebreak at the end to create a <br>. The reason for this requirement is that you don't to mess with lists: (But see the edit below; I'm not even sure this makes sense)
* we don't want a <br>
* between these two list items
However, the logic breaks in these cases:
[some](http://google.com)
[links](http://google.com)
*this line is in italics*
another line
> the start of a blockquote!
another line
I.e., in all of these cases there should be a <br> at the end of the first line, and yet GFM doesn't add one
Oddly, this works correctly in the javascript version of GFM.
Does anyone have a working implementation of "new lines to <br>s" in Ruby?
Edit: It gets even more confusing!
If you check out Github's official Github Flavored Markdown repository, you'll find yet another newline to <br> regex!:
# in very clear cases, let newlines become <br /> tags
text.gsub!(/(\A|^$\n)(^\w[^\n]*\n)(^\w[^\n]*$)+/m) do |x|
x.gsub(/^(.+)$/, "\\1 ")
end
I have no clue what this regex means, but it doesn't do any better on the above test cases.
Also, it doesn't look like the "don't mess with lists" justification for requiring that lines start with word characters is valid to begin with. I.e., standard markdown list semantics don't change regardless of whether you add 2 trailing spaces. Here:
item 1
item 2
item 3
In the source of this question there are 2 trailing spaces after "item 1", and yet if you look at the HTML, there is no superfluous <br>
This leads me to think the best regex for converting newlines to <br>s is just:
text.gsub!(/^[^\n]+\n+/) do |x|
x =~ /\n{2}/ ? x : (x.strip!; x << " \n")
end
Thoughts?
I'm not sure if this will help, but I just use simple_format()
from ActionView::Helpers::TextHelper
ActionView simple_format
my_text = "Here is some basic text...\n...with a line break."
simple_format(my_text)
output => "<p>Here is some basic text...\n<br />...with a line break.</p>"
Even if it doesn't meet your specs, looking at the simple_format() source code .gsub! methods might help you out writing your own version of required markdown.
A little too late, but perhaps useful for other people. I've gotten it to work (but not thoroughly tested) by preprocessing the text using regular expressions, like so. It's hideous as a result of the lack of zero-width lookbehinds, but oh well.
# Append two spaces to a simple line, if it ends in newline, to render the
# markdown properly. Note: do not do this for lists, instead insert two newlines. Also, leave double newlines
# alone.
text.gsub! /^ ([\*\+\-]\s+|\d+\s+)? (.+?) (\ \ )? \r?\n (\r?\n|[\*\+\-]\s+|\d+\s+)? /xi do
full, pre, line, spaces, post = $~.to_a
if post != "\n" && pre.blank? && post.blank? && spaces.blank?
"#{pre}#{line} \n#{post}"
elsif pre.present? || post.present?
"#{pre}#{line}\n\n#{post}"
else
full
end
end
let's say that I have an XML file containing this :
<description><![CDATA[
<h2>lorem ipsum</h2>
<p>some text</p>
]]></description>
that I want to get and parse in ActionScript 2 as HTML text, and setting some CSS before displaying it. Problem is, Flash takes those whitespaces (line feed and tab) and display it as it is.
<some whitespace here>
lorem ipsum
some text
where the output I want is
lorem ipsum
some text
I know that I could remove the whitespaces directly from the XML file (the Flash developer at my workplace also suggests this. I guess that he doesn't have any idea on how to do this [sigh]). But by doing this, it would be difficult to read the section in the XML file, especially when lots of tags are involved and that makes editing more difficult.
So now, I'm looking for a way to strip those whitespaces in ActionScript. I've tried to use PHP's str_replace equivalent (got it from here). But what should I use as a needle (string to search) ? (I've tried to put in "\t" and "\r", don't seem to be able to detect those whitespaces).
edit :
now that I've tried to throw in newline as a needle, it works (meaning that newline successfully got stripped).
mystring = str_replace(newline, '', mystring);
But, newlines only got stripped once, meaning that in every consecutive newlines, (eg. a newline followed by another newline) only one newline can be stripped away.
Now, I don't see that this as a problem in the str_replace function, since every consecutive character other than newline get stripped away just fine.
Pretty much confused about how stuff like this is handled in ActionScript. :-s
edit 2:
I've tried str_replace -ing everything I know of, \n, \r, \t, newline, and tab (by pressing tab key). Replacing \n, \r, and \t seem to have no effect whatsoever.
I know that by successfully doing this, my content can never have real line breaks. That's exactly my intention. I could format the XML the way I want without Flash displaying any of the formatting stuff. :)
Several ways to approach this. Perhaps the simplest answer is, in one sense your Flash developer is probably right, and you should move your whitespace outside of the CDATA container. The reason being, many people (me at least) tend to assume that everything inside a CDATA is "real data", as opposed to markup. On the other hand, whitespace outside a CDATA is normally assumed to be irrelevant, so data like this:
<description>
<![CDATA[<h2>lorem ipsum</h2>
<p>some text</p>]]>
</description>
would be easier to understand and to work with. (The flash developer can use the XML.ignoreWhite property to ignore the whitespace outside the CDATA.)
With that said, if you're editing the XML by hand, then I can see why it would be easier to use the formatting you describe. However, if the extra whitespace is inside the CDATA, then it will inevitable be included in the String data you extract, so your only option is to grab the content of the CDATA and remove the whitespace afterwards.
Then your question reduces to "how do I strip leading/trailing whitespace from a String in AS2?". And unfortunately, since AS2 doesn't support RegEx there's no simple way to do this. I think your best option would be to parse through from the beginning and end to find the first/last non-white character. Something along these lines (untested pseudocode):
myString = stuffFromXML;
whitespace = " " + "\t" + "\n" + "\r" + newline;
start = 0;
end = myString.length;
while ( testString( myString.substr(start,1), whitespace ) ) { start++; }
while ( testString( myString.substr(end-1,1), whitespace ) ) { end--; }
trimmedString = myString.substring( start, end );
function testString( needle, haystack ) {
return ( haystack.indexOf( needle ) > -1 );
}
Hope that helps!
Edit: I notice that in your example you'd also need to remove tabs and whitespace within your text data. This would be tricky, unless you can guarantee that your data will never include "real" tabs in addition to the ones for formatting. No matter what you do with the CDATA tags, it would probably be wiser not to insert extraneous formatting inside your real content and then remove it programmatically afterward. That's just making your own life difficult.
Second edit: As for what character to remove to get rid of newlines, it depends partially on what characters are actually in the XML to begin with (which probably depends on what OS is running where the file is generated), and partially on what character the client machine (that's showing the flash) considers a newline. Lots of gory details here. In practice though, if you remove \r, \n, and \r\n, that usually does the trick. That's why I added both \r and \n to the "whitespace" string in my example code.
its been a while since I've tinkered with AS2.
someXML = new XML();
someXML.ignoreWhite = true;
if you wanted to str_replace try '\n'
Is there a reason that you are using cdata? Admittedly I have no idea what the best practice for this sort of this is, but I tend to leave them out and just have the HTML sit there inside the node.
var foo = node.childnodes.join("") parses it out just fine and I never seem to come across these whitespace problems.
I'm reading this over and over again, and if I'm interpreting you right, all you want to know how to do is strip certain characters (tabs and newlines) from a string in AS2, right? I cannot believe no one has given you the simple one line answer yet:
myString = myString.split("\n").join("");
That's it. Repeat that for \r, \n, and \t and all newlines and tabs will be gone. If you want it as an easy function, then do this:
function stripWhiteSpace(str: String) : String
{
return str.split("\r").join("").split("\n").join("").split("\t").join("");
}
That function won't modify your old string, it will return a new one without \r, \n, or \t. To actually modify the old string use that function like this:
myString = stripWhiteSpace(myString);