Validations that rely on associations being built in Rails - ruby-on-rails

A Course has many Lessons, and they are chosen by the user with a JS drag-n-drop widget which is working fine.
Here's the relevant part of the params when I choose two lessons:
Parameters: {
"course_lessons_attributes"=>[
{"lesson_id"=>"43", "episode"=>"1"},
{"lesson_id"=>"44", "episode"=>"2"}
]
}
I want to perform some validations on the #course and it's new set of lessons, including how many there are, the sum of the lessons' prices and other stuff. Here's a sample:
Course Model
validate :contains_lessons
def contains_lessons
errors[:course] << 'must have at least one lesson' unless lessons.any?
end
My problem is that the associations between the course and the lessons are not yet built before the course is saved, and that's when I want to call upon them for my validations (using course.lessons).
What's the correct way to be performing custom validations that rely on associations?
Thanks.

looks like you don't need a custom validation here, consider using this one:
validates :lessons, :presence => true
or
validates :lessons, :presence => {:on => :create}

You can't access the course.lessons, but the course_lessons are there, so I ended up doing something like this in the validation method to get access to the array of lessons.
def custom validation
val_lessons = Lesson.find(course_lessons.map(&:lesson_id))
# ...
# check some things about the associated lessons and add errors
# ...
end
I'm still open to there being a better way to do this.

Related

Is there a better way of validating a non model field in rails

I have a form field in ROR 4 app called as 'measure'. It is not a database column, but its values will help model create child entries of its own via acts_as_tree : https://github.com/rails/acts_as_tree
I have to throw a validation when 'measure' is invalid. So I have created a virtual attribute known as measure and check for its validations only on a certain condition.
model someModel
attr_accessor :measure
validates_presence_of :measure, :if => condition?
Problem is when I am saving the code, I am thrown a validation which is fine. I am also thrown the same validation when I am trying to update the record in some other method of the model. The only way to surpass that is by writing this code:
# I do not want to do this, is there a better way?
self.measure = "someRandomvalue"
self.save
I am making this as virtual attribute only for throwing validations. Is there a better way of throwing validations? The form has other validations, I do not want the error for this validations to be shown differently just because it is not an attribute.
I want it to validated only when active record is saved via create and update action of the controller and not when it is being updated by some random method of model.
I have seen other developers in my team doing similar thing and was always curious about one thing - "What are you trying to achieve doing things the way you are doing?". You see, I am not sure if validators should be used for values that will not be serialized.
Anyways, you may try using format validator instead of presence, which worked in my team's case:
# Rails 3/4
validates :measure, format: { with: /^.+$/, allow_nil: true }
# Rails 2
validates_format_of :measure, :with => /^.+$/, :allow_nil => true
You may also try using allow_blank instead of allow_nil.
I would rather create a custom validator along the lines of validates_accessor_of for values that I know will never be serialized.
HTH

How to Skip Validations w/ find_or_create_by_?

Is it possible to skip validations with a dynamic find/create by method?
For example with regular save I can do something like:
p = Post.new
p.title = nil
p.body = nil
p.save(:validate => false)
Would love to do the same with find_or_create_by_title.
It dosnt look possible with the code in Rails right now however you may have better luck being a little more verbose in how you write the code. You can use find_or_initialize_by_ which creates a new object but does not save it. You can then call save with your custom options, also in the documentation they have a neat demonstration that is hard to find so I will include it below:
# No 'Winter' tag exists
winter = Tag.find_or_initialize_by_name("Winter")
winter.new_record? # true
Good luck and let me know if you need more pointers in the right direction.
For some cases, find_or_initialize_by_ will not be useful and need to skip validations with find_or_create_by.
For this, you can use below alternative flow and method of ROR:
Update your model like this:
class Post < ActiveRecord::Base
attr_accessor :skip_validation
belongs_to :user
validates_presence_of :title, unless: :skip_validation
end
You can use it now like this:
Post.where(user_id: self.id).first_or_create!(skip_validation: true)
I have used first_or_create instead of find_or_create_by here. You can pass more column names and values with this, and your validation will not be worked with this.
You can continue without any changes for strong parameters end and no need to permit this 'skip_validation' so it will work with validations while adding entries.
Using this, you can use it with and without validations by passing a parameter.
Currently skipping validation DOES work with find_or_create_by.
For example, running:
Contact.find_or_create_by(email: "hello#corsego.com).save(validate: false)
will skip a validation like:
validates :name, :email, presence: true, uniqueness: true

Advice on "Dynamic" Model validation

I have a model named Calendar.
The validations that will be applied to it varies from the selections made by the user.
I know that I can use custom validation + conditional validation to do this, but doesn't look very clean to me.
I wonder if I can store it on a database column and pass it to a "generic" validator method.
What do you think?
Explaining further:
A user has a calendar.
Other users that have access to this calendar, can schedule appointments.
To schedule an appointment the app should validate according to the rules defined by the calendar's owner.
There are many combinations, so what I came to is:
Create custom validator classes to each of the possible validations and make then conditional.
class Calendar
validate_allowed_in_hollydays :appointment_date if :allowedinhollydays?
(tenths of other cases)
...
end
This works, but feels wrong.
I'm thinking about storing somewhere which rules should be applied to that calendar and then doing something like:
validate_stored_rules :appointment_date
It seems a little backwards to save the data in the database and then validate it.
I think your initial thought of going with some custom validation is the best bet. validates_with looks like your best option. You could then create a separate class and build all the validation inside that to keep it separate from your main model.
class Person < ActiveRecord::Base
validates_with GoodnessValidator
end
class GoodnessValidator < ActiveModel::Validator
def validate
if record.first_name == "Evil"
record.errors[:base] << "This person is evil"
end
end
end
Code lifted straight from the Rails Validation Guide
you should use with_options it allows to put default options into your code:
class User < ActiveRecord::Base
with_options :if => :is_admin do |admin|
admin.validates_length_of :password, :minimum => 10
end
end
in the example is_admin might be an database column, attr_accessor or an method
Thank you all for your help.
I've got it working like this:
def after_initialize
singleton = class << self; self; end
validations = eval(calendar.cofig)
validations.each do |val|
singleton.class_eval(val)
end
end

Dynamic Model Validation

I want to create some validations for one of my models which contain location information(street, locality, postal_code, etc). I want to be able to change the validation rules based on which country is selected.
For example, the validation rules for postal_code will be different for the US & Canada. Furthermore, some countries don't have postal_codes so no validation rules would be needed.
How would I go about implementing something like this?
Put this in your model to run any custom logic for validation.
validate :location_should_be_valid
def location_should_be_valid
# run all your custom logic here
# if it isn't valid, add an error indicating why
if country == "Canada"
errors.add(:postal_code, "Invalid postal code for Canada") if postal_code.length != 7
end
end
Read more about this in the Rails Guides:
http://guides.rubyonrails.org/active_record_validations_callbacks.html#creating-custom-validation-methods
validates :postal_code, :presence => true, :if => :check_country
def check_country
["US", "Canada"].include?(self.country)
end

How do I define synthetic attributes for an ActiveRecord model?

I have an ActiveRecord model whose fields mostly come from the database. There are additional attributes, which come from a nested serialised blob of stuff. This has been done so that I can use these attributes from forms without having to jump through hoops (or so I thought in the beginning, anyway) while allowing forwards and backwards compatibility without having to write complicated migrations.
Basically I am doing this:
class Licence < ActiveRecord::Base
attr_accessor :load_worker_count
strip_attributes!
validates_numericality_of :load_worker_count,
:greater_than => 2, :allow_nil => true, :allow_blank => true
before_save :serialise_fields_into_properties
def serialise_fields_into_properties
...
end
def after_initialize
...
end
...
end
The problem I noticed was that I can't get empty values in :load_worker_count to be accepted by the validator, because:
If I omit :allow_blank, it fails validation complaining about it being blank
If I put in :allow_blank, it converts the blank to 0, which when fails on the :greater_than => 2
In tracking down why these blank values are getting to the validation stage in the first place, I discovered the root of the problem: strip_attributes! only affects actual attributes, as returned by the attributes method. So the values which should be nil at time of validation are not. So it feels like the root cause is that the synthetic attributes I added in aren't seen when setting which attributes to strip, so therefore I ask:
Is there a proper way of creating synthetic attributes which are recognised as proper attributes by other code which integrates with ActiveRecord?
I assume you are talking of the strip_attributes plugin; looking at the code, it uses the method attributes, defined in active_record/base.rb, which uses #attributes, which is initialized (in initialize) as #attributes = attributes_from_column_definition.
Maybe it's possible to hack ActiveRecord::Base somehow, but it would be a hard work: #attributes is also used when getting/putting stuff from/to db, so you would have to do a lot of hacking.
There's a much simpler solution:
before_validate :serialise_fields_into_properties
...
def serialise_fields_into_properties
if load_worker_count.respond_to? :strip
load_worker_count = load_worker_count.blank? ? nil : load_worker_count.strip
end
...
end
After all, this is what strip_attributes! does.
Wouldn't it be easier to just use Rails' serialize macro here?
class License < ActiveRecord::Base
serialize :special_attributes
end
Now you can assign a hash or array or whatever you need to special_attributes and Rails will serialize it a text field in the database.
license = License.new
license.special_attributes = { :beer => true, :water => false }
This will keep your code clean and you don't have to worry about serializing/deserializing attributes yourself.

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