avoid the same code at the beginning of a set of methods - ruby-on-rails

Issue:
I am using a global constant STORE_DATA_ENABLED to enable a module I wrote (StoreData):
Example:
STORE_DATA_ENABLED = false
...
module StoreData
def a
return unless STORE_DATA_ENABLED
...
end
def b
return unless STORE_DATA_ENABLED
...
end
def c
return unless STORE_DATA_ENABLED
...
end
...
end
I think there is a way to disable the module without checking all the methods in the module.
Any Ideas to DRY this code ?

Use a before_filter. This is called before every method call in your module:
module StoreData
before_filter :store_data_enabled
def a
...
end
private
def store_data_enabled
STORE_DATA_ENABLED # return implicit true/false
end
end
EDIT: a ruby-only approach. This uses the module initializer to re-create all public methods in the module and make them return nil. I did not try how this behaves when you have arguments in your methods.
module M
# this is called while module init
def self.included(base)
unless STORE_DATA_ENABLED
# iterate over public methods of this instance
public_instance_methods.each do |m|
# overwrite all methods, does not care about arguments
define_method(m) { return nil }
end
end
end
def a
...
end
end

Related

Checking a condition before running multiple methods. Ruby on Rails

Lets say I have a class with hundreds of instance methods in it. Now I have the requirement to run each method only if a certain thing is detected. Also I want to run my detection algorithm once for whole class instance no matter how many methods got called. If not detected first time no methods get called. I cannot afford if else around that many methods so I have to get a workaround. I have the following said class:
class CrawlerModule
extend Callbacks
before_run [:method_names, :of, :my, :class], :check_if_detected
#detected = nil
def check_if_detected
if #detected.nil?
detect
end
#detected
end
#hundreds of methods
private
def detect
detected_now = #my_detection_algorithm
#detected = detected_now
end
end
What I have done so far is to include following Callbacks module to call my check_if_detected method before every method but it doesn't work because method_added called at the very start of program and my detect function need some things to get initialized before detection. So the result array is always nil. Here's that complete module:
module Callbacks
def self.extended(base)
base.send(:include, InstanceMethods)
end
def overridden_methods
#overridden_methods ||= []
end
def callbacks
#callbacks ||= Hash.new { |hash, key| hash[key] = [] }
end
def method_added(method_name)
return if should_override?(method_name)
overridden_methods << method_name
original_method_name = "original_#{method_name}"
alias_method(original_method_name, method_name)
define_method(method_name) do |*args|
result = run_callbacks_for(method_name)
if result[0] || (self.class.callbacks.values.flatten.include? method_name)
send(original_method_name, *args)
end
end
end
def should_override?(method_name)
overridden_methods.include?(method_name) || method_name =~ /original_/
end
def before_run(method_names, callback)
method_names.each do |method_name|
callbacks[method_name] << callback unless method_name.eql? callback
end
end
module InstanceMethods
def run_callbacks_for(method_name)
result = []
self.class.callbacks[method_name].to_a.each do |callback|
result << send(callback)
end
result
end
end
end
This solution came to me while trying to get to sleep, so pardon the brevity and untested code.
Forget all of the callback stuff. Instead...
You could rename every method to include a prefix like prefix_method_name (or suffix if you prefer).
Then implement a method_missing method which implements your check, and then calls the appropriate method afterward.
Something like this:
def method_missing(method_name, *args, &block)
if detected_now
send("prefix_#{method_name}")
end
end
And then to run the detection once for the whole class instance do it in the constructor:
def initialize
detected_now
super
end
Cache the detected_now results if you wish in an instance variable as normal and work with it that way if that is something you want to do.

Ruby / Rails meta programing, how to define instance and class methods dynamically?

I am trying to make my life simpler inside of a large production Rails 6.0 website. I have a bunch of data that I serve from Redis as denormalized hashes, because Rails, with all the includes and associations is very very slow.
To keep things DRY, I'd like to use a Concern (or module) that can be included within ApplicationRecord that allows me to dynamically define the collection methods for the data I want to store.
This is what I have so far:
class ApplicationRecord < ActiveRecord::Base
include DenormalizableCollection
# ...
end
# The model
class News < ApplicationRecord
denormalizable_collection :most_popular
# ...
end
# The Concern
module DenormalizableCollection
extend ActiveSupport::Concern
class_methods do
def denormalizable_collection(*actions)
actions.each do |action|
# define News.most_popular
define_singleton_method "#{action}" do
collection = Redis.current.get(send("#{action}_key"))
return [] unless collection.present?
JSON.parse(collection).map { |h| DenormalizedHash.new(h) }
end
# define News.set_most_popular
define_singleton_method "set_#{action}" do
Redis.current.set(send("#{action}_key"), send("#{action}_data").to_json)
end
# define News.most_popular_data, which is a method that returns an array of hashes
define_singleton_method "#{action}_data" do
raise NotImplementedError, "#{action}_data is required"
end
# define News.most_popular_key, the index key to use inside of redis
define_singleton_method "#{action}_key" do
"#{name.underscore}_#{action}".to_sym
end
end
end
end
end
This works, but I doesn't seems right because I cannot also define instance methods, or ActiveRecord after_commit callbacks to update the collection inside of Redis.
I'd like to add something like the following to it:
after_commit :set_#{action}
after_destroy :set_#{action}
But obviously these callbacks require an instance method, and after_commit :"self.class.set_most_popular" causes an error to be thrown. So I had wanted to add an instance method like the following:
class News
# ...
def reset_most_popular
self.class.send("set_most_popular")
end
end
I have been reading as many articles as I can and going through the Rails source to see what I'm missing - as I know I'm defo missing something!
The key here is to use class_eval to open up the class you are calling denormalizable_collection on.
A simplified example is:
class Foo
def self.make_method(name)
class_eval do |klass|
klass.define_singleton_method(name) do
name
end
end
end
make_method(:hello)
end
irb(main):043:0> Foo.hello
=> :hello
module DenormalizableCollection
def self.included(base)
base.extend ClassMethods
end
module ClassMethods
def denormalizable_collection(*actions)
actions.each do |action|
generate_denormalized_methods(action)
generate_instance_methods(action)
generate_callbacks(action)
end
end
private
def generate_denormalized_methods(action)
self.class_eval do |klass|
# you should consider if these should be instance methods instead.
# define News.most_popular
define_singleton_method "#{action}" do
collection = Redis.current.get(send("#{action}_key"))
return [] unless collection.present?
JSON.parse(collection).map { |h| DenormalizedHash.new(h) }
end
# define News.most_popular
# define News.set_most_popular
define_singleton_method "set_#{action}" do
Redis.current.set(send("#{action}_key"), send("#{action}_data").to_json)
end
# define News.most_popular_data, which is a method that returns an array of hashes
define_singleton_method "#{action}_data" do
raise NotImplementedError, "#{action}_data is required"
end
# define News.most_popular_key, the index key to use inside of redis
define_singleton_method "#{action}_key" do
"#{name.underscore}_#{action}".to_sym
end
end
end
def generate_callbacks(action)
self.class_eval do
# Since callbacks call instance methods you have to pass a
# block if you want to call a class method instead
after_commit -> { self.class.send("set_#{action}") }
after_destroy -> { self.class.send("set_#{action}") }
end
end
def generate_instance_methods(action)
class_eval do
define_method :a_test_method do
# ...
end
end
end
end
end
Note here that I'm not using ActiveSupport::Concern. Its not that I don't like it. But in this case it adds an additional level of metaprogramming thats enough to make my head explode.
Have you tried something like:
class_methods do
def denormalizable_collection(*actions)
actions.each do |action|
public_send(:after_commit, "send_#{action}")
...
end
end
end

Is there a way to use class method in a module without extend it in rails?

currently I have a module like this:
module MyModule
def A
end
.....
end
and I have a model that I want to use that method A as a class method. However, the thing is I only need that A method. If I extend it, I am gonna extend the other unnecessary class methods into my model. Therefore, is there a way for me to do sth like MyModule.A without rewriting the module like this:
module MyModule
def A
...
end
def self.A
...
end
.....
end
It is kind of repeating myself if I do it that way. I still feel there is a better way to do it in Rails.
Use Module#module_function to make a single function to be a module function:
module M
def m1; puts "m1"; end
def m2; puts "m2"; end
module_function :m2
end
or:
module M
def m1; puts "m1"; end
module_function # from now on all functions are defined as module_functions
def m2; puts "m2"; end
end
M.m1 #⇒ NoMethodError: undefined method `m1' for M:Module
M.m2 #⇒ "m2"
Yes, you can define it as a module_function, then you should be able to access it using module name.
Ex:
module Mod
def my_method
100
end
def self.my_method_1
200
end
module_function :my_method
end
Mod.my_method
# => 100
Mod.my_method_1
# => 200
Note: No need to add the self defined methods in module_function, they are accessible directly. But it's needed for methods defined without self

Code duplication in a module methods of class and instance levels

I have Memoize module, that provides methods for caching of class and instance methods.
module Memoize
def instance_memoize(*methods)
memoizer = Module.new do
methods.each do |method|
define_method method do
#_memoized_results ||= {}
if #_memoized_results.include? method
#_memoized_results[method]
else
#_memoized_results[method] = super()
end
end
end
end
prepend memoizer
end
def class_memoize(*methods)
methods.each do |method|
define_singleton_method method do
#_memoized_results ||= {}
if #_memoized_results.include? method
#_memoized_results[method]
else
#_memoized_results[method] = super()
end
end
end
end
end
This is an example of how I use it:
class Foo
extend Memoize
instance_memoize :instance_method1, :instance_method2
class_memoize :class_method1, :class_method2
...
end
Please advice how to avoid code duplication in this module.
One might define a lambda:
λ = lambda do
#_memoized_results ||= {}
if #_memoized_results.include? method
#_memoized_results[method]
else
#_memoized_results[method] = super()
end
end
And. then:
define_method method, &λ
Please be aware of an ampersand in front of λ, it is used to notice define_method about it’s receiving a block, rather than a regular argument.
I did not get what failed with this approach on your side, but here is a bullet-proof version:
method_declaration = %Q{
def %{method}
#_memoized_results ||= {}
if #_memoized_results.include? :%{method}
#_memoized_results[:%{method}]
else
#_memoized_results[:%{method}] = super()
end
end
}
methods.each do |method|
class_eval method_declaration % {method: method}
end

Passing a block to a dynamically created method

I'm creating a module that extends the functionality of an ActiveRecord model.
Here's my initial setup.
My class:
class MyClass < ActiveRecord::Base
is_my_modiable
end
And Module:
module MyMod
def self.is_my_modiable
class_eval do
def new_method
self.mod = true
self.save!
end
end
end
end
ActiveRecord::Base(extend,MyMod)
What I would like to do now is extend the functionality of the new_method by passing in a block. Something like this:
class MyClass < ActiveRecord::Base
is_my_modiable do
self.something_special
end
end
module MyMod
def self.is_my_modiable
class_eval do
def new_method
yield if block_given?
self.mod = true
self.save!
end
end
end
end
This doesn't work though, and it makes sense. In the class_eval, the new_method isn't being executed, just defined, and thus the yield statement wouldn't get executed until the method actually gets called.
I've tried to assign the block to a class variable within the class_eval, and then call that class variable within the method, but the block was being called on all is_my_modiable models, even if they didn't pass a block into the method.
I might just override the method to get the same effect, but I'm hoping there is a more elegant way.
If I understood you correctly, you can solve this by saving passed block to an instance variable on class object and then evaling that in instance methods.
bl.call won't do here, because it will execute in the original context (that of a class) and you need to execute it in scope of this current instance.
module MyMod
def is_my_modiable(&block)
class_eval do
#stored_block = block # back up block
def new_method
bl = self.class.instance_variable_get(:#stored_block) # get from class and execute
instance_eval(&bl) if bl
self.mod = true
self.save!
end
end
end
end
class MyClass
extend MyMod
is_my_modiable do
puts "in my modiable block"
self.something_special
end
def something_special
puts "in something special"
end
attr_accessor :mod
def save!; end
end
MyClass.new.new_method
# >> in my modiable block
# >> in something special
You can do this by assigning the block as a method parameter:
module MyMod
def self.is_my_modiable
class_eval do
def new_method(&block)
block.call if block
self.mod = true
self.save!
end
end
end
end

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