access webcam fail - opencv

i am still new on opencv, i make simple program based on sample to access webcam but always fails. i change variable id to 0,1,2...100 but i got same result. this is my program:
#include "cv.h"
#include "highgui.h"
#include "stdio.h"
#include "iostream"
// A Simple Camera Capture Framework
int main()
{
IplImage* img = NULL;
CvCapture* cap = NULL;
int id=0;
cap = cvCaptureFromCAM(id);
cvNamedWindow("Images",CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
if ( !cap )
printf("ERROR\n\n");
else
for(;;)
{
img = cvQueryFrame(cap);
cvShowImage("Imagenes", img);
cvWaitKey(10);
}
cvReleaseImage(&img);
cvReleaseCapture(&cap);
return 0;
}
thank you for your help

Do yourself a favor and check the return of the functions. Maybe some of them are failing and you'll never know why.
Another tip: try with id = -1.
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
#include <cv.h>
#include <highgui.h>
int main()
{
CvCapture* capture = NULL;
if ((capture = cvCaptureFromCAM(-1)) == NULL)
{
fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: capture is NULL \n");
return -1;
}
cvNamedWindow("mywindow", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
cvQueryFrame(capture); // Sometimes needed to get correct data
IplImage* frame = NULL;
while (1)
{
if ((frame = cvQueryFrame(capture)) == NULL)
{
fprintf( stderr, "ERROR: cvQueryFrame failed\n");
break;
}
if (frame == NULL)
{
usleep(100000);
continue;
}
cvShowImage("mywindow", frame); // Do not release the frame!
int key = cvWaitKey(10);
if (key == 27) // ESC was pressed
break;
}
cvReleaseCapture(&capture);
cvDestroyWindow("mywindow");
return 0;
}

Related

OpenCV play 2 videos same time

I would like to present two videos at the same time. The following code is working, but somehow it has an error occurs when the videos are finished. If I only play one video, the error does not occur. Any help?
#include <opencv2/core/core.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
#include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
#include <iostream>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
int main()
{
string filename1 = "C:/test_videos/toy_plane_liftoff.avi";
string filename2 = "C:/test_videos/toy_plane_liftoff_stab.avi";
VideoCapture capture1(filename1);
VideoCapture capture2(filename2);
Mat frame1, frame2;
if (!capture1.isOpened())
throw "Error1";
if (!capture2.isOpened())
throw "Error2";
for (int i = 0; i <= min(capture1.get(CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_COUNT), capture2.get(CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_COUNT)); i++)
{
capture1 >> frame1;
capture2 >> frame2;
imshow("1", frame1);
imshow("2", frame2);
if (waitKey(30) >= 0)
break;
}
return 0;
}
You get rid of the error in the following way
if( !frame1.empty())
imshow("1", frame1);
if( !frame2.empty())
imshow("2", frame2);

Alternative to waitKey() for updating window in OpenCV

All examples and books I've seen so far recommends using waitKey(1) to force repaint OpenCV window. That looks weird and too hacky. Why wait for even 1ms when you don't have to?
Are there any alternatives? I tried cv::updateWindow but it seems to require OpenGL and therefore crashes. I'm using VC++ on Windows.
I looked in to source and as #Dan Masek said, there doesn't seem to be any other functions to process windows message. So I ended up writing my own little DoEvents() function for VC++. Below is the full source code that uses OpenCV to display video frame by frame while skipping desired number of frames.
#include <windows.h>
#include <iostream>
#include "opencv2/opencv.hpp"
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
bool DoEvents();
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
VideoCapture cap(argv[1]);
if (!cap.isOpened())
return -1;
namedWindow("tree", CV_GUI_EXPANDED | CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
double frnb(cap.get(CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_COUNT));
std::cout << "frame count = " << frnb << endl;
for (double fIdx = 0; fIdx < frnb; fIdx += 50) {
Mat frame;
cap.set(CV_CAP_PROP_POS_FRAMES, fIdx);
bool success = cap.read(frame);
if (!success) {
cout << "Cannot read frame " << endl;
break;
}
imshow("tree", frame);
if (!DoEvents())
return 0;
}
return 0;
}
bool DoEvents()
{
MSG msg;
BOOL result;
while (::PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_NOREMOVE))
{
result = ::GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0);
if (result == 0) // WM_QUIT
{
::PostQuitMessage(msg.wParam);
return false;
}
else if (result == -1)
return true; //error occured
else
{
::TranslateMessage(&msg);
::DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
}
return true;
}

openCV:capture images from webcam but only greysreen

Can anyone tell me what's wrong with my code? I can use my webcam by other code, so there is nothing do with the supported problem. In my code below, I must set the camera index into a loop so that i can motivate my camera(the led inductor is on, simply set "CvCapture* camera=cvCaptureFromCAM(0)" can not run! that's wierd!).However, I just can obtain a greysreen,why?
#include "highgui.h"
#include "cv.h"
int main(int grac, char** grav)
{
CvCapture* camera;
int index;
for (index = -1; index <1; index++)
{
camera = cvCaptureFromCAM(index);
if (camera)
{
printf("%d\n", index);
IplImage* f;
cvNamedWindow("camera", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
while (1)
{
f = cvQueryFrame(camera);
cvShowImage("camera", f);
char c = cvWaitKey(33);
if (c == 27)break;
}
}
}
cvReleaseCapture(&camera);
cvDestroyAllWindows;
}

objectmaker.exe in haarclassification

I am trying in vs2012 and opencv 2.4.11 to run the objectmaker.exe in my project file which is created by the code and successfully build in release but when i am trying to double click to open it there is a run time error i cant fix it any help please .. my code is :
#include <opencv/cv.h>
#include <opencv/cvaux.h>
#include <opencv/highgui.h>
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp"
// for filelisting
#include <stdio.h>
#include <io.h>
// for fileoutput
#include <string>
#include <fstream>
#include <sstream>
#include "dirent.h"
#include <sys/types.h>
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;
IplImage* image=0;
IplImage* image2=0;
//int start_roi=0;
int roi_x0=0;
int roi_y0=0;
int roi_x1=0;
int roi_y1=0;
int numOfRec=0;
int startDraw = 0;
char* window_name="<SPACE>add <ENTER>save and load next <ESC>exit";
string IntToString(int num)
{
ostringstream myStream; //creates an ostringstream object
myStream << num << flush;
/*
* outputs the number into the string stream and then flushes
* the buffer (makes sure the output is put into the stream)
*/
return(myStream.str()); //returns the string form of the stringstream object
};
void on_mouse(int event,int x,int y,int flag, void *param)
{
if(event==CV_EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN)
{
if(!startDraw)
{
roi_x0=x;
roi_y0=y;
startDraw = 1;
} else {
roi_x1=x;
roi_y1=y;
startDraw = 0;
}
}
if(event==CV_EVENT_MOUSEMOVE && startDraw)
{
//redraw ROI selection
image2=cvCloneImage(image);
cvRectangle(image2,cvPoint(roi_x0,roi_y0),cvPoint(x,y),
CV_RGB(255,0,255),1);
cvShowImage(window_name,image2);
cvReleaseImage(&image2);
}
}
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
int iKey=0;
string strPrefix;
string strPostfix;
string input_directory;
string output_file;
if(argc != 3) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s output_info.txt raw/data/directory/\n", argv[0]);
return -1;
}
input_directory = argv[2];
output_file = argv[1];
/* Get a file listing of all files with in the input directory */
DIR *dir_p = opendir (input_directory.c_str());
struct dirent *dir_entry_p;
if(dir_p == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to open directory %s\n", input_directory.c_str());
return -1;
}
fprintf(stderr, "Object Marker: Input Directory: %s Output File: %s\n", input_directory.c_str(), output_file.c_str());
// init highgui
cvAddSearchPath(input_directory);
cvNamedWindow(window_name,1);
cvSetMouseCallback(window_name,on_mouse, NULL);
fprintf(stderr, "Opening directory...");
// init output of rectangles to the info file
ofstream output(output_file.c_str());
fprintf(stderr, "done.\n");
while((dir_entry_p = readdir(dir_p)) != NULL)
{
numOfRec=0;
if(strcmp(dir_entry_p->d_name, ""))
fprintf(stderr, "Examining file %s\n", dir_entry_p->d_name);
/* TODO: Assign postfix/prefix info */
strPostfix="";
strPrefix=input_directory;
strPrefix+=dir_entry_p->d_name;
//strPrefix+=bmp_file.name;
fprintf(stderr, "Loading image %s\n", strPrefix.c_str());
if((image=cvLoadImage(strPrefix.c_str(),1)) != 0)
{
// work on current image
do
{
cvShowImage(window_name,image);
// used cvWaitKey returns:
// <Enter>=13 save added rectangles and show next image
// <ESC>=27 exit program
// <Space>=32 add rectangle to current image
// any other key clears rectangle drawing only
iKey=cvWaitKey(0);
switch(iKey)
{
case 27:
cvReleaseImage(&image);
cvDestroyWindow(window_name);
return 0;
case 32:
numOfRec++;
printf(" %d. rect x=%d\ty=%d\tx2h=%d\ty2=%d\n",numOfRec,roi_x0,roi_y0,roi_x1,roi_y1);
//printf(" %d. rect x=%d\ty=%d\twidth=%d\theight=%d\n",numOfRec,roi_x1,roi_y1,roi_x0-roi_x1,roi_y0-roi_y1);
// currently two draw directions possible:
// from top left to bottom right or vice versa
if(roi_x0<roi_x1 && roi_y0<roi_y1)
{
printf(" %d. rect x=%d\ty=%d\twidth=%d\theight=%d\n",numOfRec,roi_x0,roi_y0,roi_x1-roi_x0,roi_y1-roi_y0);
// append rectangle coord to previous line content
strPostfix+=" "+IntToString(roi_x0)+" "+IntToString(roi_y0)+" "+IntToString(roi_x1-roi_x0)+" "+IntToString(roi_y1-roi_y0);
}
if(roi_x0>roi_x1 && roi_y0>roi_y1)
{
printf(" %d. rect x=%d\ty=%d\twidth=%d\theight=%d\n",numOfRec,roi_x1,roi_y1,roi_x0-roi_x1,roi_y0-roi_y1);
// append rectangle coord to previous line content
strPostfix+=" "+IntToString(roi_x1)+" "+IntToString(roi_y1)+" "+IntToString(roi_x0-roi_x1)+" "+IntToString(roi_y0-roi_y1);
}
break;
}
}
while(iKey!=13);
// save to info file as later used for HaarTraining:
// <rel_path>\bmp_file.name numOfRec x0 y0 width0 height0 x1 y1 width1 height1...
if(numOfRec>0 && iKey==13)
{
//append line
/* TODO: Store output information. */
output << strPrefix << " "<< numOfRec << strPostfix <<"\n";
}
cvReleaseImage(&image);
} else {
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to load image, %s\n", strPrefix.c_str());
}
}
output.close();
cvDestroyWindow(window_name);
closedir(dir_p);
return 0;
}

CodeBook background subtraction with moving objects

I am trying to use CodeBook method for OpenCV to subtract the background. So far so good, but I am not sure if I can update the codebook for moving objects after some time span, say 5 minutes, I need to update the codebook after which I get lots of moving objects. How do I make sure that after 5 minutes I have a background that needs to be updated?
Thanks for the tips!
kim's algorithm supposedly has a cache layer, i did not dig deep enough into opencv implementation to know how to have a workable version that works with exposure problem.
notes
opencv book(which i havent read) should have the info you need if it's there at all
this is only 1 channel and not in yuv although it can be extended
needs more work on speed/testing (you can of course turn on optimization in compiler)
background subtraction is a buzzy word. try "change detection"
bgfg_cb.h
#ifndef __bgfg_cb_h__
#define __bgfg_cb_h__
//http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.148.9778&rep=rep1&type=pdf
#include "opencv2/core/core.hpp"
#include "opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp"
#include "opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp"
#include <iostream>
#include <time.h>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
struct codeword {
float min;
float max;
float f;
float l;
int first;
int last;
bool isStale;
};
extern int alpha ;
extern float beta ;
extern int Tdel ,Tadd , Th;
void initializeCodebook(int w,int h);
void update_cb(Mat& frame);
void fg_cb(Mat& frame,Mat& fg);
#endif
bgfg_cb.cpp
#include "opencv2/core/core.hpp"
#include "opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp"
#include "opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp"
#include <iostream>
#include <time.h>
#include "bgfg_cb.h"
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
vector<codeword> **cbMain;
vector<codeword> **cbCache;
int t=0;
int alpha = 10;//knob
float beta =1;
int Tdel = 200,Tadd = 150, Th= 200;//knobs
void initializeCodebook(int w,int h)
{
cbMain = new vector<codeword>*[w];
for(int i = 0; i < w; ++i)
cbMain[i] = new vector<codeword>[h];
cbCache = new vector<codeword>*[w];
for(int i = 0; i < w; ++i)
cbCache[i] = new vector<codeword>[h];
}
void update_cb(Mat& frame)
{
if(t>10) return;
for(int i=0;i<frame.rows;i++)
{
for(int j=0;j<frame.cols;j++)
{
int pix = frame.at<uchar>(i,j);
vector<codeword>& cm =cbMain[i][j];
bool found = false;
for(int k=0;k<cm.size();k++)
{
if(cm[k].min<=pix && pix<=cm[k].max && !found)
{
found=true;
cm[k].min = ((pix-alpha)+(cm[k].f*cm[k].min))/(cm[k].f+1);
cm[k].max = ((pix+alpha)+(cm[k].f*cm[k].max))/(cm[k].f+1);
cm[k].l=0;
cm[k].last=t;
cm[k].f++;
}else
{
cm[k].l++;
}
}
if(!found)
{
codeword n={};
n.min=max(0,pix-alpha);
n.max=min(255,pix+alpha);
n.f=1;
n.l=0;
n.first=t;
n.last=t;
cm.push_back(n);
}
}
}
t++;
}
void fg_cb(Mat& frame,Mat& fg)
{
fg=Mat::zeros(frame.size(),CV_8UC1);
if(cbMain==0) initializeCodebook(frame.rows,frame.cols);
if(t<10)
{
update_cb(frame);
return;
}
for(int i=0;i<frame.rows;i++)
{
for(int j=0;j<frame.cols;j++)
{
int pix = frame.at<uchar>(i,j);
vector<codeword>& cm = cbMain[i][j];
bool found = false;
for(int k=0;k<cm.size();k++)
{
if(cm[k].min<=pix && pix<=cm[k].max && !found)
{
cm[k].min = ((1-beta)*(pix-alpha)) + (beta*cm[k].min);
cm[k].max = ((1-beta)*(pix+alpha)) + (beta*cm[k].max);
cm[k].l=0;
cm[k].first=t;
cm[k].f++;
found=true;
}else
{
cm[k].l++;
}
}
cm.erase( remove_if(cm.begin(), cm.end(), [](codeword& c) { return c.l>=Tdel;} ), cm.end() );
fg.at<uchar>(i,j) = found?0:255;
if(found) continue;
found = false;
vector<codeword>& cc = cbCache[i][j];
for(int k=0;k<cc.size();k++)
{
if(cc[k].min<=pix && pix<=cc[k].max && !found)
{
cc[k].min = ((1-beta)*(pix-alpha)) + (beta*cc[k].min);
cc[k].max = ((1-beta)*(pix+alpha)) + (beta*cc[k].max);
cc[k].l=0;
cc[k].first=t;
cc[k].f++;
found=true;
}else
{
cc[k].l++;
}
}
if(!found)
{
codeword n={};
n.min=max(0,pix-alpha);
n.max=min(255,pix+alpha);
n.f=1;
n.l=0;
n.first=t;
n.last=t;
cc.push_back(n);
}
cc.erase( remove_if(cc.begin(), cc.end(), [](codeword& c) { return c.l>=Th;} ), cc.end() );
for(vector<codeword>::iterator it=cc.begin();it!=cc.end();it++)
{
if(it->f>Tadd)
{
cm.push_back(*it);
}
}
cc.erase( remove_if(cc.begin(), cc.end(), [](codeword& c) { return c.f>Tadd;} ), cc.end() );
}
}
}
main.cpp
#include "opencv2/core/core.hpp"
#include "opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp"
#include "opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp"
#include "bgfg_cb.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
void proc()
{
Mat frame,fg,gray;
VideoCapture cap("C:/Downloads/S2_L1.tar/S2_L1/Crowd_PETS09/S2/L1/Time_12-34/View_001/frame_%04d.jpg");
cap >> frame;
initializeCodebook(frame.rows,frame.cols);
for(;;)
{
cap>>frame;
cvtColor(frame,gray,CV_BGR2GRAY);
fg_cb(gray,fg);
Mat cc;
imshow("fg",fg);
waitKey(1);
}
}
int main(int argc, char ** argv)
{
proc();
cin.ignore(1);
return 0;
}

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