BIND ERROR : Address already in use - network-programming

I am learning socket programming in c, I wrote this simple program to accept connections on port 5072. i connect to it using telnet. This works fine the first time but when i try to run it again immediately it fails showing BIND : Address already in use, but then again starts to work after a minute or so. What am i doing wromg?
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main(){
//variables
int listenfd, clientfd;
socklen_t clilen;
struct sockaddr_in cliaddr,servaddr;
//getsocket
if((listenfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0)) == -1){
perror("SOCKET");
exit(0);
}
//prep the servaddr
bzero(&servaddr,sizeof servaddr);
servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr ("127.0.0.1");
servaddr.sin_port = htons(5072);
//bind
if(bind(listenfd, (struct sockaddr *) &servaddr,sizeof servaddr)<0){
perror("BIND");
exit(0);
}
//listen
if(listen(listenfd,20)<0){
perror("LISTEN");
exit(0);
}
//accept
int counter = 1;
clilen = sizeof cliaddr;
while(counter<3){
clientfd = accept(listenfd,(struct sockaddr *) &cliaddr,&clilen);
if(clientfd == -1){
perror("ACCEPT");
exit(0);
}
if(fork()==0){
close(listenfd);
printf("CONNECTION NO. %d\n",counter);
close(clientfd);
exit(0);
}
counter++;
close(clientfd);
}
close(listenfd);
}
Thanks

You must setsockopt(SO_REUSEADDR)
See this faq for explanation why.

Or simply wait a couple minutes. The TCP/IP stack holds onto the socket for twice the maximum segment lifetime after close,to prevent any stray packets from the first connection from showing up after a second one's established, which will make it all confused.

Related

UART Interrupt problem while performing real-time image processing with camera by using opencv in c++ (I worked on Ubuntu 18.04, Linux Kernel 5x)

I write a code to process real time video by using camera. I can run this code within any error by itself but I want to implement a UART interrupt. Basically I aim that when I take a data from UART, other processes will be interrupted and after reading data, processes will be continue.
Here my UART interrupt implemented code.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/signal.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <termios.h>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;
void signal_handler_IO(int status);
VideoCapture vid("/dev/video0", CAP_V4L2);
int n;
int fd;
int connected;
struct termios termAttr;
struct sigaction saio;
const int fps = 20;
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
fd = open("/dev/ttyUSB0", O_RDWR | O_NOCTTY | O_NDELAY);
Mat frame;
if (fd == -1)
{
perror("open_port: Unable to open /dev/ttyO1\n");
exit(1);
}
saio.sa_handler = signal_handler_IO;
saio.sa_flags = 0;
saio.sa_restorer = NULL; //
sigaction(SIGIO,&saio,NULL);
fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, FNDELAY|FASYNC);
fcntl(fd, F_SETOWN, getpid());
tcgetattr(fd,&termAttr);
cfsetispeed(&termAttr,B9600);
cfsetospeed(&termAttr,B9600);
termAttr.c_cflag &= ~PARENB; // --> Parity Enable
termAttr.c_cflag &= ~CSTOPB; // -->two stop bit else one
termAttr.c_cflag &= ~CSIZE; // Character Size (C5, C6...)
termAttr.c_cflag |= CS8; // Charachter size 8 bit
termAttr.c_cflag |= (CLOCAL | CREAD);
//CLOCAL --> Ignore modem status lines. ¦ CREAD --> Enable receiver.
termAttr.c_lflag &= ~(ICANON | ECHO | ECHOE | ISIG);
termAttr.c_iflag &= ~(IXON | IXOFF | IXANY);
termAttr.c_oflag &= ~OPOST; // OPOST --> Post-process output
tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &termAttr);
printf("UART1 configured....\n");
connected = 1;
if (!vid.isOpened())
{
return -1;
}
vid.set(CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH, 1280);
vid.set(CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT, 720);
while (vid.read(frame))
{
imshow("webcam", frame);
if (waitKey(1000/fps) >= 0)
break;
}
destroyAllWindows();
vid.release();
close(fd);
exit(0);
}
void signal_handler_IO (int status)
{
printf("received data from UART.\n");
}
Now let's get to the main problem:
When I implement UART interrupt to this code, my captured video was stopped by the core (I takes Core Dumped Error). I guess that after process interrupted and when it will continue again, compiler is try to set again the video properties which I defined as
(vid.set(CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH, 1280);)
(vid.set(CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT, 720);)
so I think I got such an error.
I think as I mentioned because when I deleted these size setting commands, code run very well with UART interrupt.
I try to define these commands globally but I cant do this. I take "vid does not name a type." error.
Thus, I can't solve this problem. I am not sure about why this problem occur and I don't know how it will be solved.
First, you cannot invoke printf(3) in a signal handler. Printf interacts with stdio, which in turn interacts with malloc(3); neither of these frameworks are signal safe. So, change your printf() to a write(2), which is safe.
That is unlikely to be your problem.
You didn't post the source to the implementation of vid, and in particular, how does vid.read deal with signals (ie EINTR)? Does it handle them correctly? Well? Perhaps return 0 if it is interrupted?
You will likely need to vet vid., so you should have a test candidate that gets a timer based signal over random intervals to gain confidence that it works.

L2CAP IOS + Linux (Bluez)

I'm trying to make a simple L2CAP Socket communication between IOS and a Linux PC.
I've been able to:
Create an L2CAP connection between two Linux machines (using example code from https://github.com/atwilc3000/sample/tree/master/Bluetooth)
Create an L2CAP connection between two Iphones (using example code from https://github.com/github-deden/iOS_L2Cap)
On that IOS example they are using some PSM advertise in order to chose the correct PSM for the L2CAP channel. On the integration, I've set a fixed PSM on both sides. The Iphone is connecting to the Linux machine fixed PSM. I've tried multiple PSM (0x1001, 0x25).
The problem is, I can't connect and can't get any information on what is happening on the air.
My question is, do I need to implement a dynamic/advertise PSM on the Linux application? Do I need to pick a specific PSM? Have you been able to make this work? Do you have any suggestions?
Thanks in advance!
Server code:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <bluetooth/bluetooth.h>
#include <bluetooth/l2cap.h>
#include "l2cap_socket.h"
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
struct sockaddr_l2 loc_addr = { 0 }, rem_addr = { 0 };
char buf[1024] = { 0 };
int server_socket, client_socket, bytes_read;
unsigned int opt = sizeof(rem_addr);
printf("Start Bluetooth L2CAP server...\n");
/* allocate socket */
server_socket = socket(AF_BLUETOOTH, SOCK_SEQPACKET, BTPROTO_L2CAP);
/* bind socket to the local bluetooth adapter */
loc_addr.l2_family = AF_BLUETOOTH; /* Addressing family, always AF_BLUETOOTH */
bacpy(&loc_addr.l2_bdaddr, BDADDR_ANY); /* Bluetooth address of local bluetooth adapter */
loc_addr.l2_psm = htobs(L2CAP_SERVER_PORT_NUM); /* port number of local bluetooth adapter */
printf("binding\n");
if(bind(server_socket, (struct sockaddr *)&loc_addr, sizeof(loc_addr)) < 0) {
perror("failed to bind");
exit(1);
}
printf("listening\n");
/* put socket into listening mode */
listen(server_socket, 1);
/* accept one connection */
client_socket = accept(server_socket, (struct sockaddr *)&rem_addr, &opt); /* return new socket for connection with a client */
ba2str( &rem_addr.l2_bdaddr, buf );
printf("connected from %s\n", buf);
/* read data from the client */
memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
bytes_read = recv(client_socket, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);
if( bytes_read > 0 ) {
printf("received [%s]\n", buf);
}
/* close connection */
close(client_socket);
close(server_socket);
return 0;
}
Client is based on (from https://github.com/bluekitchen/CBL2CAPChannel-Demo).
I have now a working version based on https://github.com/bluekitchen/btstack
On the iOS side i have been using https://github.com/bluekitchen/CBL2CAPChannel-Demo
On the server side le_data_channel_server.

How to get task port of SpringBoard in iOS7 (Jailbroken)?

I know we can use contextIdAtPosition and taskPortOfContextId to get the mach_port_t of the front top app, but when inside some app, we can not use contextIdAtPosition to get the context id of SpringBoard (it's at background), so how can we get the mach_port_t of SpringBoard? Thank you!
according to http://theiphonewiki.com/wiki//System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.SpringBoard.plist, the SpringBoard has exposed a lot of services. two of them might (or might not) be of your interests:
"com.apple.iohideventsystem"
"com.apple.springboard"
Here is the sample code to query the ports by service names.
#include <mach/mach.h>
#include "bootstrap.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define CHECK_MACH_ERROR(a) do {kern_return_t rr = (a); if ((rr) != KERN_SUCCESS) \
{ printf("Mach error %x (%s) on line %d of file %s\n", (rr), mach_error_string((rr)), __LINE__, __FILE__); abort(); } } while (0)
int main(int argc, char **argv, char **envp)
{
mach_port_t bp = MACH_PORT_NULL;
mach_port_t sp = MACH_PORT_NULL;
kern_return_t err = task_get_bootstrap_port(mach_task_self(), &bp);
CHECK_MACH_ERROR(err);
printf("bp:%d\n", bp);
err = bootstrap_look_up(bp, "com.apple.iohideventsystem", &sp);
CHECK_MACH_ERROR(err);
printf("iohideventsystem:%d\n", sp);
err = bootstrap_look_up(bp, "com.apple.springboard", &sp);
CHECK_MACH_ERROR(err);
printf("springboard:%d\n", sp);
// need to deallocate ports before exit
return 0;
}
The output:
my-iPad:~ root# /usr/bin/port_query
bp:519
iohideventsystem:4099
springboard:4355
There is a SpringboardService framework.
It has a function SBSSpringBoardServerPort() which returns Springboard mach port.
Note: Each application may have multiple mach ports, so I am not sure that it's one which you need.

bind/connect to network interface card using FreePascal or other language(s)?

Lets say I have two different active network cards (A and B) on my system and also know their network interfaces information.
How would you connect to Card A for instance using FreePascal?
I just compiled it and executed it, it seems to work. You just need to change the IP addresses and ports and add more error checking.
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#define MY_PORT 8564
#define THEIR_PORT 8090
int main()
{
int sockfd;
struct sockaddr_in myaddr;
struct sockaddr_in theiraddr;
int res;
sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
memset(&myaddr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
myaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
myaddr.sin_port = htons((unsigned short)MY_PORT);
//myaddr.sin_addr = INADDR_ANY; //for any interface
res = inet_pton(AF_INET, "127.0.0.1", &myaddr.sin_addr);
if (1 == res)
{
res = bind(sockfd, (const struct sockaddr *)&myaddr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
if (0 == res)
{
printf("PASO-1\n");
theiraddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
theiraddr.sin_port = htons((unsigned short)THEIR_PORT);
inet_pton(AF_INET, "10.0.2.78", &theiraddr.sin_addr);
printf("PASO-2\n");
connect(sockfd, (const struct sockaddr *)&theiraddr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
}
}
return 0;
}

Setsockopt() returning error number 10042

So I am getting started with SCTP and have written the basics of the SCTP server application(which I intend to modify to make it a peer-to-peer app). The code is incomplete but I compiled and ran it to test the socket options and the first setsockopt returns error 10042(protocol not supported). I have determined that it's the first call of setsockopt() that returns an error. So here is the incomplete code:
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <iostream>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#ifndef UNICODE
#define UNICODE
#endif
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#include <WinSock2.h>
#include <WS2tcpip.h>
#include <WS2spi.h>
#include <ws2sctp.h>
#include <wsipv6ok.h>
#include <if.h>
#include "ws2isatap.h"
#include "if_tunnel.h"
#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "sctpsp.lib")
using namespace std;
using namespace System;
static int LISTENQ = 5;
void isatap_enable(void);
int main(int argc, char* argv[]){
WSADATA wsaData;
int iResult;
int optv = 10;
u_long imode = 1;
bool connected = false;
char *optval = (char*)&optv;
int optlen = sizeof(optval);
sockaddr_in6 servAddr;
sctp_sndrcvinfo sr;
sctp_event_subscribe evnts;
sctp_initmsg init;
memset(&sr,0,sizeof(sr));
memset(&evnts,0,sizeof(evnts));
memset(&init,0,sizeof(init));
memset(&servAddr,0,sizeof(servAddr));
iResult = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData);
if (iResult != NO_ERROR) {
wprintf(L"WSAStartup function failed with error: %d\n", iResult);
return 1;
}
SOCKET servSock = socket(AF_INET6,SOCK_STREAM,IPPROTO_SCTP);
if(servSock==INVALID_SOCKET){
printf("Socket function failed with error: %d\n",GetLastError());
return 1;
}
if(setsockopt(servSock,IPPROTO_IPV6,IPV6_PROTECTION_LEVEL,optval,sizeof(optval))<0){
printf("setsockopt function failed with error: %d\n", GetLastError());
return 1;
}
u_int servPort = 5000;
servAddr.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
servAddr.sin6_addr = in6addr_any;
servAddr.sin6_port = htons(servPort);
if(setsockopt(servSock,IPPROTO_SCTP,SCTP_EVENTS,(const char*)&evnts,sizeof(evnts)) < 0){
printf("setsockopt function failed with error: %d\n", GetLastError());
return 1;
}
ioctlsocket(servSock,FIONBIO, &imode);
if(bind(servSock,(struct sockaddr*)&servAddr,sizeof(servAddr))<0){
printf("Bind function failed with error: %d\n", GetLastError());
return 1;
}
evnts.sctp_data_io_event = 1;
evnts.sctp_association_event = *(u_char*)optval;
for(;;){
if(listen(servSock,LISTENQ) < 0){
printf("Listen function failed with error: %d/n",GetLastError());
return 1;
}else{
printf("Listening on port %d\n",servPort);
}
}
}
If it's related to python packages nameko/kombu/amqp, then it's reported here Issue with 2.1.4 version.
Temporary soln: Roll-back the version to 2.1.3 till it's fixed.
OK guys, I fixed it(for now lol). What I did is substitute the IPPROTO_IPV6 with IPPROTO_SCTP and it seems to work.

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