I would like to set my chapter/section/subsection headings to use a sans-serif font, but keep the serif font for the body text. How can this be done?
You can use the sectsty LaTeX package.
Put this in the preamble:
\usepackage{sectsty}
\allsectionsfont{\sffamily}
You can also use the titlesec package, which allows greater flexibility of customisation than sectsty.
\usepackage[sf]{titlesec}
For the people who want to know why this has to be done differently from e.g. normal text. It is because of the distinction between robust commands and fragile commands. Headings do not allow fragile commands, so you have to specifically tell latex it is robust for example.
This link explains this further, and this link shows another alternative to do it.
The first possibility that comes to my mind is to use a document class from the KOMA-script package, they have this set up as a default.
Related
I'm designing my diploma thesis and would like to make a big question mark to every problem and a exclamation mark to every solution. It should like like this:
Do you know any Latex-Libraries to accomplish that behaviour? If there is no such library I would be more than happy if you could help me getting started writing my own Latex-Command.
Here is one basic approach. No packages are involved.
A particular thing about your layout is the use of the margin, correlated with that line of text. One way about it is to define a simple environment, which uses Latex command for margin notes, \marginpar. Then you can also set up fonts as you please, within this environment. Below I also insert an unrelated margin note, as an example in case you are not familiar with those.
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[english]{babel}
\newenvironment{Q} {\hspace{\stretch{1}} \Huge} {\marginpar{ \Huge{?} } \newline}
\newenvironment{A} {\hspace{\stretch{1}} \Huge} {\marginpar{ \Huge{!} } \newline}
\begin{document}
\section{First section}
Some text ... Margin note entered {\em here} \marginpar{NOTE} ... more text \\
\vspace{0.5in}
\begin{Q} Here is a question \end{Q}
State your question ... \\
\begin{A} This is an answer \end{A}
Go with the answer ... \\
New paragraph, for other text ...
\end{document}
See this page in Latex Wikibooks for a very clear explanation of how to define a new environment. If you end up wanting more control see the package environ.
Margin notes provide you with a few options. If you want to reverse the logic of where they are placed, use \reversemarginpar. You can also set up different text to appear depending on which margin the note goes in by using \marginpar[left text]{right text}. See the Wikibooks article on footnotes and margin notes, which spells out where notes go based on the document type.
Here are some posts for more specialized uses: on notes in both margins, and on notes in narrow margnins. For doing far more with margin notes see package magrinnote, and there are yet other packages, like todonotes. See this post for a visual show off of what it can do.
I've used a basic way to change font size, and no special symbols. A list of these fonts can be found in this post, for example. You can use very particular fonts and/or symbols if you like, which are convenient to set up in the new environment. See, for example, this post, which also has another way of formatting for your Q&A. Also informative may be this post.
Note that you can also use existing environments inside this new one, if you wish. You can also set up a counter, and have an ability to cross-reference these. See this post for an example.
My latex file is:
\title{\large\textbf{Optimizarea rela\c tiei dintre structur\u a \c si comportament \^in modelarea UML}}
\author{
Sorin Oltean \\
\textit{Universitatea Transilvania din Bra\c sov} \\
\small\textit{oltean.s#gmail.com, sorin.oltean#romtelecom.ro} \\
\small Tel.: 0752/314288
}
\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\begin{document}
\maketitle
\renewcommand\abstractname{\textit{\textbf{Abstract}}}
\begin{abstract}
Something..... text.........
\end{abstract}\\\
\textbf{Cuvinte cheie:} \textit{sistem, structur\u a, comportament, UML}
\section{Introducere}
\paragraph{ }
Para11.............
\paragraph{ }
Para2......
\bibliographystyle{abbrv}
\bibliography{main}
\end{document}
After para1, i wanna start a new paragraph, but between the paragraphs there is a blank line, how can i start the 2nd paragraph below the 1st one, without that blank space?
Also, how can i define the margins (top, down, left, right) of the document? There is too much space from the left, right, top and down, i wanna just 2cm space from the left and right, and 3cm from the top and down. Sorry for my bad english..
Also how can i specify the font name and size of the document?
Thanks!
I see you make several mistakes that are typical for beginners:
Don't use the standard classes for generic documents (article, report, book), they are too inflexible. Use the KOMA-Script classes (scrartcl, scrreprt, scrbook) or the memoir class instead.
Don't change the default settings until you have read books or articles about typography.
In particular, the default page margins are OK, there is no need to change them. Margins of 2 cm would be way too narrow.
When it comes to fonts, the answer depends on which engine you use: pdfTeX-based documents require specially-crafted packages, whereas modern engines (XeTeX and LuaTeX) can access system fonts. Like before, don't switch fonts light-heartedly. Only very few fonts of high quality are available to normal users. In particular, never use Arial or Times New Roman. On Mac OS X, you could use Hoefler Text, on Windows Cambria, for example.
Don't include formatting commands in token lists that are intended for plain strings like \title or \abstractname; use the formatting commands that your document class provides.
\paragraph is a sectioning commands that creates a heading; use blank lines to separate simple text paragraphs.
Load the inputenc package (only necessary in the case of pdfTeX) so that you can enter non-ASCII characters directly.
The \documentclass command must come first.
Don't use the geometry package unless you have very specific and unavoidable requirements.
Avoid the parskip package; modern document classes already include its functionality; and normally, paragraphs should be marked by indents, not by vertical space, so no changes to the default are required.
Never use the fullpage package, it's completely outdated.
Like the others said, start by reading some introductory material about LaTeX like the Short Introduction.
Read the document Obsolete packages and commands.
Use the geometry package. It allows full control over margins etc.
\usepackage{geometry}
\geometry{margin=2cm}
The space between paragraphs can be set via parskip:
\setlength{\parskip}{0cm}
However, parskip does not work for paragarphs introduced by \paragraph. But if your paragraphs do not need a caption (as I assume since you wrote \paragraph{}, it may be better to begin paragraphs just with a blank line:
\setlength{\parskip}{0cm}
Here goes the first paragraph.
Here the second. With no space. Note that this paragraph was introduced with a blank line.
\paragraph{The third paragraph} This paragraph will have a small offset, since it is introduced explicitly with paragraph command.
I would suggest this as a good reference to start with. Familarize yourself with the way documents are prepared for LaTeX.
1) There is no need to use \paragraph{}, just an empty line between paragraphs is enough. This will create a visible vertical space between paragraphs (that's why you wanted different paragraphs, right?). If you are bothered by the default indention for the new paragraph have a look at the documentation for \noindent or \parskip.
2) If you really have to start tweaking the page layout (i.e. your university/journal/employer doesn't already provide an accepted class or style) have a look at the geometry package.
3) There should be some fonts available in your installation already (beton, helvet, palatino?), and these can be loaded as packages. It really depends on what exactly you need to do.
For paragraphs, try putting your text inside the {} so that you have
\paragraph{
Para11.............
}
But normally I think you can just put two lines between each paragraph and not bother with \paragraph{}. Otherwise, you can change the parskip value. Wikibooks shows how but I'm not allowed to post a 2nd link. It's in the Document Structure part of the Latex wikibook.
You can use the geometry package to specify your margins:
\usepackage{geometry}
\geometry{top=3cm, left=2cm, right=2cm, bottom=3cm}
Documentation
For less margins I recommend using fullpage, i.e.
\usepackage{fullpage}
see fullpage documentation for more information
Use the geometry package to change the margins of the document
\usepackage[top=3cm,left=2cm,right=2cm,bottom=3cm]{geometry}
I think the space between the paragraphs can be configured with the package:
\usepackage{parskip}
Documentation in CTAN is here. I haven't really tested it though.
For the margins you could do it manually with , the esaiest way is to do it the following package:
\usepackage[margin=2.5cm]{geometry}
You can check documentation here.
Here I queried how to identify the counters for \subsection and \theorem.
The resulting look would be the same (except for the math-specific things, like the content inside a theorem is put in emphasis) if only there is a way to prevent linebreaks after \subsection.
Is there a way to do this? Thanks.
One way is by using the titlesec package to format the section with 'runin'. Once you've installed the titlesec package for use you can put this in the preamble:
\usepackage{titlesec}
\titleformat{\subsection}[runin]
{\normalfont\large\bfseries}{\thesubsection}{1em}{}
The formatting settings above other than the 'runin' option are the default settings for subsections. Those can of course be modified, e.g., you could take out the '\large' if you wanted the subsection headings to be same size as the theorem headings.
Darnit, Herb beat as I was typing...
FWIW, the full options to titleformat are:
\titleformat{command}[shape]{format}{label}{sep}{before}[after]
This was a question on SO about a year ago:
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1469096/no-newline-after-subsection
I'm currently using the apalike style for my bibliography, using natbib for author-year, however when I generate the bibliography I lose the labels that normally precede the reference,
i.e. [S. Rostami, 2010] Shahin Rostami (2010) https://stackoverflow.com/questions/ask etc etc..
I read apalike.bst and it seems this is intended, my quesiton is, how do I get them back? Something I can include in the preamble? Otherwise is there a similar style that shows labels?
Also, I'm doing this all in Lyx.
OK, a real answer!
Advice: don't use homebrew citation styles in scientific articles. If your university recommends a specific style (e.g., APA, Chicago), use the existing matching style. Otherwise, you can get a feel for what is the dominant citation/reflist style by looking at what styles used by the articles you cite.
If you really do want to create such a homebrew cite/reflist style, then the easy option is to copy the .bbl file into your article and edit that: with luck, you can devise a regex that will create all or most of the labels you want. But rerunning Bibtex will not respect the changes you have made. The "right" thing is to clone apalike.bst and change the way it generates the author/date sentence to include the label information as well. BST hacking is a bit of a black art —time-consuming, fiddly, and poorly documented— but the language is not essentially difficult. Look at btxhak, Designing Bibtex styles and Nicolas Markey's tutorial to get started. Alternatively, there are some bst-hackery-avoiding suggestions in this SO Q&A.
I have been using LaTeX from sometime now, but have never actually gotten my hands dirty declaring a new command, as I try to avoid that.
However, I need to add monospace text often in my document and I use \verb for it which is fine, except that the verb font size is bigger than the normal text font. So I need to change the font size and undo done like \small{}\verb#My monospace code#\normalsize{}. This is not very convenient and mistake-prone.
Is there a better way to do this? Can I define a new command for this? How?
Why not use the \texttt{} command to get monospaced text?
I'm not sure why the \verb command is giving you text that's larger than normal (for me, \verb is exactly the same size as regular text, and \texttt{} as well). However, if you really want to make a new command to get you smaller monospaced text, you might try defining a command in your header as follows:
\newcommand{\smalltt}[1]{{\small\texttt{#1}}}
Where the [1] indicates that the command takes one argument (the text to make small and monospaced.) Then of course you'd use it as \smalltt{my smaller monospaced text.}.
Defining new commands that act like the verbatim commands is actually quite difficult. The LaTeX verbatim package contains some stuff that will help.
If you are using the times package, the Computer Modern verbatim font does not go well with the PostScript times fonts. For a more suitable verbatim (typewriter) font try
\renewcommand{\ttdefault}{aett}
As Noah says, the size should not be different between \verb text and normal output. It would be a good idea to post a small, complete example of the form:
\documentclass{article}
\begin{document}
Text and \verb|verbatim % text|.
\end{document}
If you want to pick up text to process verbatim with formatting, things are a bit complicated by the need to watch catcodes. I'd look at the fancyvrb or listings packages for this.
Put the following line in a .sty file included by your document:
\renewcommand{\verbatim#font}{\ttfamily\small}
Let me give some examples of new command:
\newcommand{\zope}{Zope}
Now whereever I give \zope in my Latex text, its replaced by the text specified above. This if I need to make a global change I can make it.
\newcommand{\bi}{\begin{itemize}}
\newcommand{\ei}{\end{itemize}}
With the help of the two commands above, now I can write my lists as:
\bi
\item 1st item
\item 2nd item
\item and so on...
\ei
This illustrates how some commands can be shortened with the help of newcommand.
Now lets consider a newcommand with a parameter.
\newcommand{\filepath}[1]{\verb!#1!}
To use this command, I would write something like \filepath{abc.xml} which will be replaced by \verb!abc.xml! on processing the command.
Another example:
\newcommand{\ida}[1]{\textcolor{blue}{#1}}
With help of this \ida{myVariable} is replaced with \textcolor{blue}{myVariable}
I hope this small tutorial will help serve the purpose.