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I've been using LaTeX for about 3-4 years now. In that time I've picked up what I've needed as I've needed it, most often by Googling. However, I'd like to learn some more advanced features of LaTeX such as editing or even creating my own class files and bibtex styles. I've worked with some fairly powerful class files before, but I have a tough time understanding the syntax as it's rather obscure.
Does anyone know of a good tutorial (or book) that I can use to learn such advanced features of LaTeX?
For the really advanced stuff, nothing can beat the dtx files describing the LaTeX classes themselves. Your TeX distribution might not have shipped them, so get them from CTAN; the dtx files are usually stripped of comments before being installed, but you can compile them with LaTeX to get the comments and code nicely typeset.
TUGboat has some advanced articles as well.
Have a look at the LaTeX Companion.
Have a look at the answers in these questions:
Best practices in LaTeX
What is the fastest way to learn LaTeX basics? (especially the second answer has some nice references)
I have been using a few books over the years,
Guide to LaTeX by Helmut Kopka and Patrick W. Daly
The LaTeX Companion (Tools and Techniques for Computer Typesetting) by Frank Mittelbach, Michel Goossens, Johannes Braams and David Carlisle
And the clssic
LaTeX: A Document Preparation System by Leslie Lamport
Also,
the soft book available at http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/info/lshort/english/ is a moderately good one.
Moreover, as advised above, make it a practice to read the dtx files when you start using a new style file.
Some of these advanced topics are covered in the Wikibook. There is also the (Not So) Short introduction to LaTeX2e.
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How can I use Isabelle/HOL to automatically generate LaTeX from my source theory files?
Isabelle/HOL's tutorial.pdf is very beautiful. I'm going to write a paper in LaTeX with a lot of Isabelle code in it.
You should first have a look at the existing documentation and come back with more specific questions afterwards (if there remain any; but I'm sure there will ;)).
What you want to do is called document preparation in Isabelle. The first place to look is Chapter 4 Presenting Theories of
the Isabelle System Manual. (Actually it is also a good idea to first read the previous chapter on Isabelle sessions and build management.)
For some neat notation also LaTeX Sugar for Isabelle Documents might be of interest.
Some other useful things, like generating TeX snippets from your Isabelle theories and including them in your document (which you might collaboratively work on with others that do not have Isabelle installed), can be found on the Community Wiki.
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I was looking around for an OCR library - optimally it would be open-source - that I could use on some Arabic pdfs. Googling it didn't result in anything useful. I was wondering if anyone knows a related OCR library or even one that works on related languages (Farsi and Urdu could be relevant) that Arabic support could be added to.
Any general suggestions on how to approach this will be appreciated.
Starting with Version 3.01 of Tessaract-ocr it now supports Arabic
I know nothing about Arabic OCR quality, but some intelligent Googling found Sakhr's Automatic Reader. It's commercial software.
Sorry. It's commercial, and quite expensive. Arabic is probably one of the hardest languages in the world to do OCR on -- I guess it takes a lot to motivate someone to do it.
The Arabic language is sophisticated when it comes to OCR because of the nature of the language and there is no free or commercial software that can get 100% accuracy.
This is from my personal experience but you can try IRISREadIRIS pro 14.
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I've been using ruby on rails for the last 4 months or so and I've been really enjoying the whole concept of open source. I know it's not exclusive to ruby/rails but coming from windows programming this is my first real exposure to it.
I want to "give back" what I can but I don't feel like I can contribute any worthwhile open source projects or gems of my own. So I figured a good place to start is by documenting or writing tests for some existing projects.
Could you guys please point me to a few possible options? I'd prefer projects that are pretty active but at the same time not too complex (since I'm not very good with ruby right now).
This might be a subjective question but at this point I have no idea where to even start. So even subjective answers would be much appreciated.
Kudos! There are several ways to participate.
I think the question to ask yourself is, what are your areas of expertise? What subject area to you have a solid knowledge of? For example, if you had experience with Web Services, the Savon project is in dire need of documentation, examples, etc. If you have Java experience, there are many burgeoning JRuby projects that could use a hand.
You can check the Ruby Toolbox, which lists gems in categories by popularity. Look in the areas that appeal to you and check out the popular gems. The vast majority of gems have github repositories. If you haven't learned git, I highly recommend it. It's super easy to branch a project, update it. Look for projects which have a good test suite, which will not only help you figure out how it works, but will give you good examples for testing your additions/fixes.
Also, the Ruby and Rails documentation at APIdock allows for comments. If you come across something that's not entirely clear in the Rails documentation, for example, you can add a clarifying comment or examples.
You are doing a great thing for the Rails community. +1 to you!
I'm also new to rails. I can tell you I had a difficult time learning the ins and outs of aweseome_nested_set because of no examples. The readme lacked any real use case examples such as building an entire tree, outputting the first and second level only, etc.
Although it could be that I am new and was not around for acts_as_nested_set to learn the fundamentals of that plugin (which awesome_nested_set is built on, I believe)
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This is similar to this question. What I am asking though, is which LOLCODE interpreter should I pick based on these criteria:
1) Works well and is up-to-date
2) Ease of install - I've looked before and couldn't find one which I found easy to install.
Please feel free to give your suggestions and opinions, I haven't looked in a number of months and am curious as to what people think, and I look forward to learning it.
EDIT: I am just doing this to learn LOLCODE. Why? Because I can and I think it would be fun to declare variables with ICANHAZ and end programs with KTHXBAI. I'm really just curious. I would really prefer that it be as close to spec as possible. I don't care if it's open or closed source and it can run in either Windows (my desktop) or Linux (my laptop). Hope this helps!
EDIT 2: I have downloaded the LOLCODE compiler available here. However, I am having trouble figuring out some of the instructions so I am still open to any suggestions for any other interpreters/compilers.
I highly recommend repl.it. It's online, but available for download. It also has other languages like Emoticon, Python, JavaScript and many others. Here's a complete list...
Ruby
Python
Lua
Scheme
QBasic
Forth
Javascript
Javascript.next
Move
Kaffeine
CoffeeScript
Emoticon
Brainf***
LOLCODE
Unlambda
Bloop
Unlike the name implies, it has a scripting box right next to the REPL. A perfect setup I believe.
My friend created once LOLCODE interpreter for some project on our Univ. It requires Ruby with some gems, but I don't remember exactly which. I can update answer later when I have time to check it by myself. Here is link to github repository.
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Are there any programs or IDEs that support refactoring for Ruby or RoR?
The best refactoring tool is good test coverage. If your tests cover your code and they all past you can just make whatever changes you want and the tests will find any dependencies you have broken. This is the main reason why IDE-based refactoring tools are less prevalent in Ruby than elsewhere.
IntelliJ IDEA with Ruby plugin supports some refactorings.
alt text http://www.skavish.com/rubyrefactorings.png
I believe net-beans and eclipse both support some refactoring within their 'ruby-mode' - also the emacs code browser (ECB) and the various ruby support tools (e.g. rinari) for emacs have some support.
Aptana has some simple refactoring tools. I often extract into partials and they have a simple shortcut for pulling things out, creating a file and inserting the right call to the partial. Not the most amazing ever but it's useful
I'd be bold and say that Rubymine has the best rails/ruby refactoring in all RoR IDEs. Give it a try and see for your self.
There's also 3rdRail from CodeGear (from Delphi fame). The only catch is that it's not free.
I've used the refactoring in netbeans. I didn't find it that much more useful than find and replace.
You could always give RubyMine a try.