I've built the native kotlin library for Android Arm64 target, kotlin generated *.h and *.so. files, added these files to Android project and tried to create kref_values on c++ side by default h-file kotlin functions:
mylib_ExportedSymbols* symbols = mylib_symbols();
auto kdouble = symbols->createNullableDouble(12345678.88);
if (kdouble.pinned != nullptr) {
auto val = *(static_cast<double*>)(kdouble.pinned);
// val has strange value, and it diferents from 12345678.88
std::cout << "double = " << val << std::endl;
}
kdouble has the type:
typedef struct {
mylib_KNativePtr pinned;
} mylib_kref_kotlin_Double;
How to read this double if I don't have another appropriate functions in h-file to extract double value from mylib_kref_kotlin_Double type?
Thanks.
Related
Why the interpreter complains that library named "math" does not exist?
As far as I know, this library is loaded when invoking luaL_newstate on Lua-5.3.5.
#include "lua.hpp"
#include <iostream>
#include <assert.h>
#include <fstream>
int main()
{
struct lua_State *L = luaL_newstate();
int ret;
std::string fileName("co.lua");
if(fileName.empty())
{
std::cout << "the filename is empty" << std::endl;
return -1;
}
std::ifstream fileScript(fileName, fileScript.in|std::ios::ate);
if(!fileScript.is_open())
{
std::cout << "open file failed" << std::endl;
return -2;
}
size_t size = fileScript.tellg();
if(size <= 0)
{
std::cout << "file has no valid content" << std::endl;
return -3;
}
std::string textCont(size, '\0');
fileScript.seekg(0);
fileScript.read(&textCont[0], size);
if((ret=luaL_loadbuffer(L, textCont.data(), textCont.length(), "co.lua")) == LUA_OK)
{
if((ret=lua_pcall(L, 0, LUA_MULTRET, 0)) != LUA_OK)
{
std::cout << "error in invoking lua_pcall():" << ret << std::endl;
if(lua_isstring(L, -1))
{
const char *errMsg = lua_tostring(L, -1);
lua_pop(L, 1);
std::cout << "script run encounter err:" << errMsg << std::endl;
}
}
}
}
Here is the code snippet(it's very simple) for the file named "co.lua":
a = 1;
b=2;
a=a+1;
math.sin(a)
Here is the error message in the console:
error in invoking lua_pcall():2
script run encounter err:[string "co.lua"]:29: attempt to index a nil value (global 'math')
The documentation states that you need to call luaL_openlibs or luaL_requiref which does not seem to be the case with your posted program.
To have access to these libraries, the C host program should call the luaL_openlibs function, which opens all standard libraries.
Alternatively (emphasis mine):
Alternatively, the host program can open them individually by using luaL_requiref to call:
luaopen_base (for the basic library)
luaopen_package (for the package library)
luaopen_coroutine (for the coroutine library)
luaopen_string (for the string library)
luaopen_utf8 (for the UTF8 library)
luaopen_table (for the table library)
luaopen_math (for the mathematical library)
luaopen_io (for the I/O library)
luaopen_os (for the operating system library)
luaopen_debug (for the debug library).
These functions are declared in lualib.h.
So change your program's first few lines to something like below.
You also need to compare the return value from luaL_newstate with NULL and handle that error condition.
int main()
{
struct lua_State *L = luaL_newstate();
if( L == NULL ) {
puts( "Lua failed to initialize." );
exit(1);
}
luaL_openlibs( L );
// etc
In a project with language Objective-C, I add -fsanitize-coverage=trace-pc-guard in Other C Flags :
Then I add two methods in project, like belows:
void __sanitizer_cov_trace_pc_guard_init(uint32_t *start, uint32_t *stop) {
static uint64_t N; // Counter for the guards.
if (start == stop || *start) return; // Initialize only once.
printf("INIT: %p %p\n", start, stop);
for (uint32_t *x = start; x < stop; x++)
*x = ++N; // Guards should start from 1.
}
void __sanitizer_cov_trace_pc_guard(uint32_t *guard) {
if (!*guard) return;
void *PC = __builtin_return_address(0);
char PcDescr[1024];
printf("guard: %p %x PC %s\n", guard, *guard, PcDescr);
}
So I can get information that I wanted.
In swift project I also set Other C Flags.
And add -sanitize-coverage=func、-sanitize=undefined in Other Swift Flags
but I got an error:
Undefined symbol: ___sanitizer_cov_trace_pc_guard_init
How can I solve this problem and get information like oc project.
Just a guess: I don't think "Other Swift Flags" gets passed to the linker invocation -- that would explain the undefined symbols error. Try adding "-fsanitize=undefined" to the Linker Flags.
Another guess: If you were to pass "-fsanitize=undefined" in the Linker Flags for your ObjC project, you probably wouldn't need to provide your own definitions for __sanitizer_cov_*.
I am trying to evaluate Saxon-C 1.2.1 HE on CentOS8 and installation seems to have gone ok. Trying out the samples by cd samples/cppTests && build64-linux.sh though leads to a myriad of compilation errors to the tune of the following:
../../Saxon.C.API/SaxonProcessor.h:599:32: error: division ‘sizeof (JNINativeMethod*) / sizeof (JNINativeMethod)’ does not compute the number of array elements [-Werror=sizeof-pointer-div]
gMethods, sizeof(gMethods) / sizeof(gMethods[0]));
Before I summarily and trustfully switched off -Werror=sizeof-pointer-div i checked the source code and what's going on there do seem dubious.
bool registerCPPFunction(char * libName, JNINativeMethod * gMethods=NULL){
if(libName != NULL) {
setConfigurationProperty("extc", libName);
}
if(gMethods == NULL && nativeMethodVect.size()==0) {
return false;
} else {
if(gMethods == NULL) {
//copy vector to gMethods
gMethods = new JNINativeMethod[nativeMethodVect.size()];
}
return registerNativeMethods(sxn_environ->env, "com/saxonica/functions/>
gMethods, sizeof(gMethods) / sizeof(gMethods[0]));
}
return false;
}
more specifically sizeof(gMethods) / sizeof(gMethods[0]) would not seem to calculate anything useful by any margin. The intention was probably rather to output some code that would arrive at the same value as nativeMethodVect.size() but seeing this project's source for the very first time i might be mistaking and the division is in fact intentional ?
I am inclined to guess the intention was in fact closer to b than to a in the following example:
#include <cstdio>
struct test
{
int x, y, z;
};
int main()
{
test *a = new test[32], b[32];
printf("%d %d\n", sizeof(a)/sizeof(a[0]), sizeof(b)/sizeof(b[0]));
return 0;
}
which output 0 32 which is expected as the sizeof(a) gives the size of a pointer not the size of an array's memory region.
That bit of code is to support the feature of user defined extension functions in XSLT stylesheets and XQuery queries. If a user is not using these features then they don't need that bit of code. In fact User defined extension functions is only available in Saxon-PE/C and Saxon-EE/C so it should not be in the Saxon-HE/C code base. I have created the following bug issue to investigate the error above and to https://saxonica.plan.io/issues/4477
I would think the workaround would be to either remove the code in question if the extension function feature is not used or remove the compile flag -Werror=sizeof-pointer-div.
The intent was code is as follows:
jobject JNICALL cppNativeCall(jstring funcName, jobjectArray arguments, jobjectArray argTypes){
//native call code here
}
JNINativeMethod cppMethods[] =
{
{
fname,
funcParameters,
(void *)&cppNativeCall
}
};
bool nativeFound = processor->registerNativeMethods(env, "NativeCall",
cppMethods, sizeof(cppMethods) / sizeof(cppMethods[0]));
Context
I've got a pcap file containing a bunch of beacon frames (in other words, I put my Wi-Fi adapter in monitor mode, started capturing while filtering on "wlan.fc.type_subtype == 0x08", and saved that).
Now, I want to, somehow, display specific fields of these packets. Among others:
SSID (wlan_mgt.ssid)
MAC (wlan.ta)
Current channel (wlan_mgt.ds.current_channel)
Group Cipher (wlan_mgt.rsn.gcs.type)
PairWise Ciphers (wlan_mgt.rsn.pcs.type)
Authentication Suite (wlan_mgt.rsn.akms.type)
I don't really care about the representation: plain text, xml, json, csv, X. I'm fine with it. I just don't want more data than I really need and the output needs to be meaningful to the human (wireshark newb) eye.
Eventually, I also want to filter the pcap to get a unique set and count the occurrences (some "|sort|uniq -c" will do), but let's not go there for now.
My solution so far
The first step could be, for example:
$ tshark -r capture.pcap -c 1 -T fields -e wlan_mgt.ssid -e wlan.ta -e wlan_mgt.ds.current_channel -e wlan_mgt.rsn.gcs.type -e wlan_mgt.rsn.pcs.type -e wlan_mgt.rsn.akms.type
MySSID XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX 2 4 4 2
After (manually) matching the numbers to their textual meaning, you get this:
SSID = MySSID
MAC (wlan.ta) = XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX
Current channel = 2
Group Cipher = Group Cipher Suite type: AES (CCM) (4)
PairWise Ciphers = Pairwise Cipher Suite type: AES (CCM) (4)
Authentication Suite = Auth Key Management (AKM) type: PSK (2)
This is what I'm looking for. But, as stated, I have to do it manually, which is not an option.
Question
Above you can see my current approach to the said goal. By doing
tshark -r capture.pcap -c 1 -T pdml
I get, for example (cutout):
<field name="wlan_mgt.rsn.pcs.list" showname="Pairwise Cipher Suite List 00-0f-ac (Ieee8021) AES (CCM)" size="4" pos="112" show="" value="">
<field name="wlan_mgt.rsn.pcs" showname="Pairwise Cipher Suite: 00-0f-ac (Ieee8021) AES (CCM)" size="4" pos="112" show="1027076" value="000fac04">
<field name="wlan_mgt.rsn.pcs.oui" showname="Pairwise Cipher Suite OUI: 00-0f-ac (Ieee8021)" size="3" pos="112" show="4012" value="000fac"/>
<field name="wlan_mgt.rsn.pcs.type" showname="Pairwise Cipher Suite type: AES (CCM) (4)" size="1" pos="115" show="4" value="04"/>
</field>
</field>
..., which tells me that tshark does have the information I need (in the form of the "showname" attribute).
Apparently, when working with "-T fields -e X", tshark outputs the value that's in the "show" attribute". I feel like I want what's behind the "showname" attribute. Unfortunately, after annoying google for a while I still don't know how or if this is even possible.
I'm also open to radically different ideas, but the main takeaway is that I can't part from the pcap file (which rules out iwlist, kismet, etc). I also preferably don't start writing search and replace rules to replace the meaningless numbers with their textual representation. I hope to solve it in cleaner way.
I kept messing with tshark for a while, until I decided that it couldn't be done. A little bit of programming using the amazing C++ library libtins got me where I needed to be.
The source is down below. Enjoy :)
#include <tins/tins.h>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
#include <map>
#include <string>
using namespace Tins;
using namespace std;
/*
* Container class for the data that is retrieved from the beacon.
*/
class Unit {
public:
/*
* Constructor. Parses the Dot11Beacon object and takes all the necessary
* data from it.
*/
Unit(Dot11Beacon& beacon);
Unit() = default;
unsigned getCount();
void incrementCount();
/*
* Prints this object onto the command line, in CSV format
*/
void print();
private:
string ssid;
string bssid;
unsigned channel;
unsigned count;
string gcs; // Group Cipher Suite
string pcs; // Pairwise Cipher Suite
string akm; // Authentication suite
/*
* Returns a string representation of a RSNInformation::CypherSuites enum value
*/
string type_to_string(const RSNInformation::CypherSuites& type);
/*
* Returns a string representation of a RSNInformation::AKMSuites enum value
*/
string type_to_string(const RSNInformation::AKMSuites& type);
};
Unit::Unit(Dot11Beacon& beacon) :
count {1} /* When this unit is created, it has been seen exactly once */ {
ssid = beacon.ssid();
bssid = beacon.addr3().to_string();
channel = unsigned(beacon.ds_parameter_set());
RSNInformation rsn;
for(const auto &opt : beacon.options()) {
if (opt.option() == Dot11::RSN) {
rsn = beacon.rsn_information();
// Put all authentication suite types in a string
const RSNInformation::akm_type& akmTypeList = rsn.akm_cyphers();
for (const auto& akmIt : akmTypeList) {
if (akm.size() == 0)
akm += type_to_string(akmIt);
else
akm += ";" + type_to_string(akmIt);
}
// Put all group cipher types in a string
const RSNInformation::CypherSuites& gcsType = rsn.group_suite();
gcs = type_to_string(gcsType);
// Put all pairwise ciphers in a string
const RSNInformation::cyphers_type& pcsTypeList = rsn.pairwise_cyphers();
for (const auto& pcsIt : pcsTypeList) {
if (pcs.size() == 0)
pcs += type_to_string(pcsIt);
else
pcs += ";" + type_to_string(pcsIt);
}
}
}
}
unsigned Unit::getCount() {
return count;
}
void Unit::incrementCount() {
count += 1;
}
void Unit::print() {
string ssid_to_print;
if (ssid.length() == 0) {
ssid_to_print = "<ZERO_LENGTH>";
} else if (!isprint(ssid[0])) {
ssid_to_print = to_string(static_cast<int>(ssid[0]));
} else {
ssid_to_print = ssid;
}
if (find(ssid_to_print.begin(), ssid_to_print.end(), ',') != ssid_to_print.end()) {
ssid_to_print = "\"" + ssid_to_print + "\"";
}
cout << ssid_to_print << ","
<< bssid << ","
<< to_string(channel) << ","
<< to_string(count) << ","
<< gcs << ","
<< pcs << ","
<< akm << endl;
}
string Unit::type_to_string(const RSNInformation::CypherSuites& type) {
switch (type) {
case RSNInformation::CypherSuites::CCMP:
return "CCMP";
break;
case RSNInformation::CypherSuites::TKIP:
return "TKIP";
break;
case RSNInformation::CypherSuites::WEP_104:
return "WEP_104";
break;
case RSNInformation::CypherSuites::WEP_40:
return "WEP_40";
break;
}
}
string Unit::type_to_string(const RSNInformation::AKMSuites& type) {
switch (type) {
case RSNInformation::AKMSuites::PMKSA:
return "PMKSA";
break;
case RSNInformation::AKMSuites::PSK:
return "PSK";
break;
}
}
/*
* Class that reads the pcap, keeps track of the units and writes out one
* beacon frame in pcap format for each unique AP it finds. This file is called
* "unique_beacons.pcap"
*/
class PCAPParser {
public:
/*
* Constructor. It takes the exact parameters that it will pas on to its
* FileSniffer object (a FileSniffer is actually just a file reader).
*/
PCAPParser(const string& pcapFilename, const string& filter);
/*
* Start reading the file.
*/
bool run();
/*
* Print CSV header and ask all of our collected Unit objects to print themselves
*/
void print();
private:
FileSniffer sniffer;
PacketWriter writer;
map<string, Unit> apMap; // stands for Access Point Map
bool handler(PDU&);
};
PCAPParser::PCAPParser(const string& pcapFilename, const string& filter) :
sniffer {pcapFilename, filter},
writer {"unique_beacons.pcap", PacketWriter::RADIOTAP} {
for (auto it = apMap.begin(); it != apMap.end(); it++) {
it->second.print();
}
}
bool PCAPParser::run() {
sniffer.sniff_loop( [this] (PDU& pdu) { return (bool) this->handler (pdu); } );
return true;
}
bool PCAPParser::handler(PDU& pdu) {
Dot11Beacon& beacon = pdu.rfind_pdu<Dot11Beacon>();
// An ESSID may span multiple BSSID's. Also, it's nice to keep track of what
// channels an AP has been on. Therefore, the combination of SSID, BSSID and
// channel is considered key.
const string& ssid = beacon.ssid();
const string& mac = beacon.addr3().to_string();
const unsigned channel = unsigned(beacon.ds_parameter_set());
const string key = ssid + mac + to_string(channel);
if (apMap.find(key) == apMap.end()) { // we've got a new one
Unit unit(beacon);
apMap[key] = unit;
writer.write(pdu);
} else {
apMap[key].incrementCount();
}
return true;
}
void PCAPParser::print() {
// Print the headers for the CSV output
cout << "SSID,BSSID,Current_channel,Count,Group_Cipher,Pairwise_Ciphers,Authentication_Suite" << endl;
// Ask each of the units to print themselves for the CSV output
for (auto it = apMap.begin(); it != apMap.end(); it++) {
it->second.print();
}
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
if(argc != 2) {
std::cout << "Usage: " << *argv << " <PCAP_FILE>\n";
return 1;
}
PCAPParser pcapParser(argv[1], "wlan type mgt subtype beacon");
pcapParser.run();
pcapParser.print();
}
Compile with:
g++ pcapreader.cpp -o pcapreader -O3 -std=c++11 -lpthread -ltins
The output is:
$ ./pcapreader capture.pcap
SSID,BSSID,Current_channel,Count,Group_Cipher, Pairwise_Ciphers,Authentication_Suite
MyWiFi,XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX,13,2,TKIP,TKIP;CCMP,PSK
...
...
Final note: if you open unique_beacons.pcap, you may find a lot of [Malformed Packet]. Apparently, a frame can still be successfully parsed if some of the tagged parameters are received wrongly. You could try to modify the code so that it only writes out frames to the pcap file that are completely intact.
tshark will print the "showname" attribute for text output only. You can control the output with a custom formatted by setting the gui.column.format preference. To print just SSID columns:
$ tshark -r capture.pcap -c 1 -T text -o 'gui.column.format:"SSID","%Cus:wlan.ssid"'
Firstly, what I want to do is to intercept an arbitrary standard C function (like fopen, read, write, malloc, ...) of an iOS application.
I have a libtest.dylib with this code:
typedef struct interpose_s {
void *new_func;
void *orig_func;
} interpose_t;
FILE *vg_fopen(const char * __restrict, const char * __restrict);
static const interpose_t interposing_functions[] \
__attribute__ ((section("__DATA, __interpose"))) = {
{ (void *)vg_fopen, (void *)fopen },
};
FILE *vg_fopen(const char * __restrict path, const char * __restrict mode) {
printf("vg_fopen");
return fopen(path, mode);
}
After compiled the dylib, I go to the binary of the host iOS app and add an LC_LOAD_DYLIB to the end of the LC_LOAD_COMMANDS list and point it to #executable_path/libtest.dylib
What I expect is that it will override the implementation of fopen, and print "vg_fopen" whenever fopen is called. However, I do not get it, so the interposition might have been failed.
I'd like to know what might be the reason. This is for in-house development for learning purpose only, so please don't mention about the impact or warn me about inappropriate use.
Thanks in advance.
From the dyld source:
// link any inserted libraries
// do this after linking main executable so that any dylibs pulled in by inserted
// dylibs (e.g. libSystem) will not be in front of dylibs the program uses
if ( sInsertedDylibCount > 0 ) {
for(unsigned int i=0; i < sInsertedDylibCount; ++i) {
ImageLoader* image = sAllImages[i+1];
link(image, sEnv.DYLD_BIND_AT_LAUNCH, ImageLoader::RPathChain(NULL, NULL));
// only INSERTED libraries can interpose
image->registerInterposing();
}
}
So no, only libraries inserted via DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES have their interposing applied.