Restore a SQL Server DB.bak in a Dockerfile - docker

Question

I am running a .NET Razor application, an instance of gitea, and a SQL Server database each in separate containers that communicate with one another. I would like to start my database image with a database schema and data (by restoring a .bak file).
I can do this with my current Dockerfile, if once it is up and running, I run these additional commands:
docker exec -it myContainer /opt/mssql-tools/bin/sqlsmd -S localhost -U sa -P myPassword
/opt/mssql-tools/bin/sqlcmd -S localhost -U sa -P myPassword -Q "RESTORE DATABASE MY_DB_NAME FROM DISK='/var/opt/mssql/backup/MY_DB_NAME.bak' WITH MOVE 'MY_DB_NAME_TEST' TO '/var/opt/mssql/data/MY_DB_NAME_TEST.mdf', MOVE 'MY_DB_NAME_TEST_log' TO '/var/opt/mssql/data/MY_DB_NAME_TEST_log.ldf'"
This gets the job done, but I want to fully automate the process so that this is configured 100% by my docker-compose.yml and Dockerfile so I need only type: docker-compose up -d.
I don't think the content of my docker-compose.yml file is relevant, but here is my Dockerfile (where I am trying to run that script that I currently need to run after docker-compose up):
FROM microsoft/mssql-server-linux
ENV SA_PASSWORD=myPassword
ENV ACCEPT_EULA=Y
COPY ./ACES_DB.bak /var/opt/mssql/backup/MY_DB_NAME.bak
RUN docker exec -it myContainer bin/sh /opt/mssql-tools/bin/sqlcmd -S localhost -U sa -P myPassword -Q "RESTORE DATABASE MY_DB_NAME FROM DISK='/var/opt/mssql/backup/MY_DB_NAME.bak' WITH MOVE 'MY_DB_NAME_TEST' TO '/var/opt/mssql/data/MY_DB_NAME_TEST.mdf', MOVE 'MY_DB_NAME_TEST_log' TO '/var/opt/mssql/data/MY_DB_NAME_TEST_log.ldf'"
Any help would be much appreciated.

Answer 1

A friend and I puzzled through this together and eventually found this solution. Here's what the docker file looks like:
FROM microsoft/mssql-server-linux
ENV MSSQL_SA_PASSWORD=myPassword
ENV ACCEPT_EULA=Y
COPY ./My_DB.bak /var/opt/mssql/backup/My_DB.bak
COPY restore.sql restore.sql
RUN (/opt/mssql/bin/sqlservr --accept-eula & ) | grep -q "Starting database restore" && /opt/mssql-tools/bin/sqlcmd -S localhost -U sa -P 'myPassword' -d master -i restore.sql
*Note that I moved the SQL restore statement to a .sql file.

Answer 2

Expanding on #joshua-abbott 's answer. Here is my setup for restoring multiple DB to mssql 2019 docker image, and replacing the 'default' password used to restore the DB.
Dockerfile
FROM mcr.microsoft.com/mssql/server:2019-latest
ENV DEFAULT_MSSQL_SA_PASSWORD=myStrongDefaultPassword
ENV ACCEPT_EULA=Y
USER root
COPY restore-db.sh entrypoint.sh /opt/mssql/bin/
RUN chmod +x /opt/mssql/bin/restore-db.sh /opt/mssql/bin/entrypoint.sh
ADD data.tar.gz /var/opt/mssql/
RUN chown -R mssql:root /var/opt/mssql/data && \
chmod 0755 /var/opt/mssql/data && \
chmod -R 0650 /var/opt/mssql/data/*
USER mssql
RUN /opt/mssql/bin/restore-db.sh
CMD [ "/opt/mssql/bin/sqlservr" ]
ENTRYPOINT [ "/opt/mssql/bin/entrypoint.sh" ]
restore-db.sh
#!/bin/bash
export MSSQL_SA_PASSWORD=$DEFAULT_MSSQL_SA_PASSWORD
(/opt/mssql/bin/sqlservr --accept-eula & ) | grep -q "Server is listening on" && sleep 2
for restoreFile in /var/opt/mssql/data/*.bak
do
fileName=${restoreFile##*/}
base=${fileName%.bak}
/opt/mssql-tools/bin/sqlcmd -S localhost -U SA -P $MSSQL_SA_PASSWORD -Q "RESTORE DATABASE [$base] FROM DISK = '$restoreFile'"
rm -rf $restoreFile
done
entrypoint.sh
#!/bin/bash
/opt/mssql-tools/bin/sqlcmd \
-l 60 \
-S localhost -U SA -P "$DEFAULT_MSSQL_SA_PASSWORD" \
-Q "ALTER LOGIN SA WITH PASSWORD='${MSSQL_SA_PASSWORD}'" &
/opt/mssql/bin/permissions_check.sh "$#"

Answer 3

I voted for the answer of #Joshua Abbott , but I needed to customize the answer to match the question i.e. to restore from .bak file as it was required:
FROM mcr.microsoft.com/mssql/server:2017-latest
ENV ACCEPT_EULA=Y
ENV SA_PASSWORD=xxxxxxxx
ENV MSSQL_PID=Developer
ENV MSSQL_TCP_PORT=1433
WORKDIR /src
COPY ["API/db/db.bak", "dbbackups/"]
RUN (/opt/mssql/bin/sqlservr --accept-eula & ) | grep -q "Starting database restore" && /opt/mssql-tools/bin/sqlcmd -S localhost -U sa -P 'xxxxxxxx' -Q "RESTORE FILELISTONLY FROM DISK='/dbbackups/db.bak';"
just you need to change xxxxxxx with your password, you can name your container as you want using the docker compose file/override files

Answer 4

It is simple, I use SQL Server Management Studio, when you create your DOCKER you declare a var for the directory, just put de Backup there and then you just restore it on your SQL
You can create a stored procedure in one of your databases for creating an automatic backup, I found this an made some adaptations for my use.
------ If you create this and then execute it------
CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[P_M_Backup]
AS
DECLARE #name VARCHAR(50) -- database name
DECLARE #path VARCHAR(256) -- path for backup files
DECLARE #fileName VARCHAR(256) -- filename for backup
DECLARE #fileDate VARCHAR(20) -- used for file name
-- specify database backup directory
SET #path = '/var/opt/mssql/data/Backup/'
-- specify filename format
SELECT #fileDate = CONVERT(VARCHAR(20),GETDATE(),112)
DECLARE db_cursor CURSOR READ_ONLY FOR
SELECT name
FROM master.sys.databases
WHERE name NOT IN ('master', 'model', 'msdb', 'tempdb', 'Eikon_CDEEE') -- exclude these databases
AND state = 0 -- database is online
AND is_in_standby = 0 -- database is not read only for log shipping
OPEN db_cursor
FETCH NEXT FROM db_cursor INTO #name
WHILE ##FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
SET #fileName = #path + #name + '_' + #fileDate + '.BAK'
BACKUP DATABASE #name TO DISK = #fileName
FETCH NEXT FROM db_cursor INTO #name
END
CLOSE db_cursor
DEALLOCATE db_cursor
/** SET #path = '/var/opt/mssql/data/Backup/' the mssql/data/ is my directory where I have mounted the SQL Server from Docker, and Backup is a directory inside this directory, so you have to change it for your directory**/