I'm trying to figure out how I can access the pointer position of a mouse click from the event click.
I've came up with something like
[...]
type State = { coords: Point list }
type Msg = Click of Point
let update (msg: Msg) (state: State) : State =
match msg with
| Click p -> { state with coords = p::state.coords }
let view (state: State) dispatch =
Canvas.create [
Canvas.onPointerPressed (fun event -> event.GetPosition ??? |> Click |> dispatch)
]
[...]
But that would require a handle to the control in place of ???, to which i have no access.
Is there another way? Or a way the get a handle to the control?
Probably I'm missing something.
You can use the Source Property on the PointerPressedEventArgs (or any other RoutedEventArgs) to obtain a reference to the firing Control.
let view (state: State) dispatch =
Canvas.create [
Canvas.background "white"
Canvas.onPointerPressed (fun event -> event.GetPosition (event.Source :?> IVisual) |> Click |> dispatch)
Canvas.children [
for point in state.coords do
yield Ellipse.create [
Ellipse.width 5.0
Ellipse.height 5.0
Ellipse.fill "red"
Ellipse.top (point.Y - 2.5)
Ellipse.left (point.X - 2.5)
]
]
]
Also note that you need to set the Background Property of a Canvas or you won't get PointerPressed events.
You also need to open the Avalonia.Controls.Shapes namespace if you want to use the Example above (because of Ellipse).
Related
I am trying to update ProgressBar.Value in FsXaml. In C#, I used the below-mentioned code. I haven't tried to implement the C# approach in F# as using a public field (myCaller) does not seem to me as being a functional approach (let alone the fact that I do not know if it is at all possible to use this C# approach in F#).
//C# code
namespace Special_technical_dictionary_CSharp_4._011
{
//...some usings
class ExcelData
{
//...some code
public void WritingIntoDat()
{
//...some code
using (bw = new BinaryWriter(new FileStream(...some params...)))
{
while ((currrowIndex < (lastrowIndex + 1)))
{
//...some code
Form1.myCaller.updateProgressBarValue(100 * currrowIndex);
currrowIndex += 1;
}
bw.Close();
}
//...some code
}
}
}
namespace Special_technical_dictionary_CSharp_4._011
{
//...some usings
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
//...some code
public static Form1 myCaller;
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
myCaller = this;
}
//...some code
public void updateProgressBarValue(int valueV)
=> progressBar.Value = (progressBar.Value == progressBar.Maximum) ? valueV : 0;
//...some code
}
}
My question is: What is the best (or at least good) functional approach in F# (FsXaml/code behind) for updating ProgressBar.Value?
EDIT1:
Irrelevant code and text deleted. Those not interested in Elmish.WPF please wait until an answer related to FsXaml appears.
EDIT2:
Elmish.WPF
I tried to deal with the ProgressBar issue using Bent Tranberg's comments & answer and his excellent example code. My adaptation works for a for-loop, but not for List.map(i)/iter(i), which are collection functions I actually need the progress bar for. Here is the simplified code:
File: MainWindow.fs
//F# code
module Elmish.MainWindow
type ProgressIndicator = Idle | InProgress of percent: int
type Model =
{
ProgressIndicatorLeft: ProgressIndicator
ProgressIndicatorRight: ProgressIndicator
}
let initialModel =
{
ProgressIndicatorLeft = Idle
ProgressIndicatorRight = Idle
}
let init() = initialModel, Cmd.none
type Msg =
| UpdateStatusLeft of progress: int
| WorkIsCompleteLeft
| UpdateStatusRight of progress: int
| WorkIsCompleteRight
| TestButtonLeftEvent
| TestButtonRightEvent
// FOR TESTING PURPOSES ONLY
let private longRunningOperationLeft dispatch = //simulating long running operation
async
{
for i in 1..100 do
do! Async.Sleep 20
dispatch (UpdateStatusLeft i) //THIS WORKS
dispatch WorkIsCompleteLeft
}
// FOR TESTING PURPOSES ONLY
let private longRunningOperationRight dispatch = //simulating long running operation
async //NOT WORKING
{
[1..10000]
|> List.mapi(fun i item ->
[1..100] |> List.reduce (*) |> ignore
dispatch(UpdateStatusRight i)
)
dispatch WorkIsCompleteRight
}
let update (msg: Msg) (m: Model) : Model * Cmd<Msg> =
match msg with
| UpdateStatusLeft progress -> { m with ProgressIndicatorLeft = InProgress progress; ProgressBackgroundLeft = Brushes.White }, Cmd.none
| WorkIsCompleteLeft -> { m with ProgressIndicatorLeft = Idle; ProgressBackgroundLeft = Brushes.LightSkyBlue }, Cmd.none
| UpdateStatusRight progress -> { m with ProgressIndicatorRight = InProgress progress; ProgressBackgroundRight = Brushes.White }, Cmd.none
| WorkIsCompleteRight -> { m with ProgressIndicatorRight = Idle; ProgressBackgroundRight = Brushes.LightSkyBlue }, Cmd.none
| TestButtonLeftEvent ->
let incrementDelayedCmd (dispatch: Msg -> unit) : unit = //THIS WORKS
let delayedDispatch = longRunningOperationLeft dispatch
Async.StartImmediate delayedDispatch
{ m with ProgressIndicatorLeft = InProgress 0 }, Cmd.ofSub incrementDelayedCmd
| TestButtonRightEvent ->
let incrementDelayedCmd (dispatch: Msg -> unit) : unit = //NOT WORKING
let delayedDispatch = longRunningOperationRight dispatch
Async.StartImmediate delayedDispatch
{ m with ProgressIndicatorRight = InProgress 0 }, Cmd.ofSub incrementDelayedCmd
let bindings(): Binding<Model,Msg> list =
[
"ProgressLeftBackg" |> Binding.oneWay(fun m -> m.ProgressBackgroundLeft)
"ProgressRightBackg" |> Binding.oneWay(fun m -> m.ProgressBackgroundRight)
"ProgressLeft" |> Binding.oneWay(fun m -> match m.ProgressIndicatorLeft with Idle -> 0.0 | InProgress v -> float v)
"ProgressRight" |> Binding.oneWay(fun m -> match m.ProgressIndicatorRight with Idle -> 0.0 | InProgress v -> float v)
"TestButtonLeft" |> Binding.cmdIf(TestButtonLeftEvent, fun m -> match m.ProgressIndicatorLeft with Idle -> true | _ -> false)
"TestButtonRight" |> Binding.cmdIf(TestButtonRightEvent, fun m -> match m.ProgressIndicatorRight with Idle -> true | _ -> false)
]
Even if binding the "i" index with the progress bar value had worked for collection functions in the MainWindow, it won't solve the problem. In a real life situation, the collection functions intended to work with the progress bar value are in other files "above" the main window file. Like this:
file: MainLogicRight.fs
//F# code
module MainLogicRight
let textBoxString3 low high path =
//some code
let myArray() =
Directory.EnumerateDirectories(path, "*", SearchOption.TopDirectoryOnly)
|> Option.ofObj
|> optionToArraySort "..." "..."
|> Array.collect
(fun item ->
let arr =
let p = prefix + "*"
Directory.EnumerateDirectories(item, p)
|> Option.ofObj
|> optionToArraySort "..." "..."
|> Array.Parallel.mapi(fun i item ->
let arr = Directory.EnumerateFiles(item, "*.jpg", SearchOption.TopDirectoryOnly)
|> Option.ofObj
|> optionToArraySort "..." "..."
arr.Length
)
arr
)
I understand that it is (probably) not possible to bind the pb value with a non-indexed function such as Array.collect. But what is important - how to bind the pb value with the "i" index in List/Array.mapi/iteri (Array.Parallel.mapi in this case) ?
EDIT3:
Based on the last answer by Bent, the now-irrelevant texts and comments of mine were deleted.
An example based on the answers is here.
This answer explains how, in Elmish.WPF, progress updates to the user interface can be done from an async.
I have created an example on GitHub that demoes this. The example also demoes another way to call async functions and receive results. And it also demoes how to use mkProgram instead of mkSimple. The demo can be used as a starting template for your Elmish.WPF applications.
This snippet from the demo show the essential code involved in updating a user interface from an async.
Both techniques are based on code from the Elmish Book. You will find a lot of code there that is useful also in Elmish.WPF.
I haven't tried to update a progress bar here, only a status text box, but from this you'll very easily figure out what to do to update anything.
| UpdateStatusText statusText ->
{ m with StatusText = statusText }, Cmd.none
| RunWithProgress ->
let incrementDelayedCmd (dispatch: Msg -> unit) : unit =
let delayedDispatch = async {
do! Async.Sleep 1000
dispatch (UpdateStatusText "One")
do! Async.Sleep 1000
dispatch (UpdateStatusText "Two")
do! Async.Sleep 1000
dispatch (UpdateStatusText "Three")
}
Async.StartImmediate delayedDispatch
{ m with StatusText = "Started progress." }, Cmd.ofSub incrementDelayedCmd
UPDATE:
I have now updated the demo project on GitHub so that it demoes updates of a progress bar (and status text) from the async. These are snippets of the essential pieces.
Declaration of the two messages dispatched from the async.
| UpdateStatus of statusText:string * progress:int
| WorkIsComplete // This message could carry a result from the work done.
Handling of the two messages.
| UpdateStatus (statusText, progress) ->
{ m with StatusText = statusText; Progress = progress }, Cmd.none
| WorkIsComplete ->
{ m with StatusText = "Work was completed."; Progress = 0 }, Cmd.none
| RunWithProgress ->
let incrementDelayedCmd (dispatch: Msg -> unit) : unit =
let delayedDispatch = async {
do! Async.Sleep 1000
dispatch (UpdateStatus ("Early work", 30))
do! Async.Sleep 1000
dispatch (UpdateStatus ("Still working", 60))
do! Async.Sleep 1000
dispatch (UpdateStatus ("Late work", 90))
do! Async.Sleep 1000
dispatch WorkIsComplete
}
Async.StartImmediate delayedDispatch
{ m with StatusText = "Started progress." }, Cmd.ofSub incrementDelayedCmd
The field Progress is declared as an int.
Progress: int
The property Value of ProgressBar is a float, so a cast to float is needed in the binding.
"Progress" |> Binding.oneWay (fun m -> float m.Progress)
Of course we can declare Progress in the model as a float, but I wanted to take this opportunity to point out that the model doesn't have to align with the data types of the properties of the components. We can of course map in whatever way we want in the bindings.
One final note on the dispatcher. This is accessible through Cmd.ofSub, and also through WkProgram.Subscribe. More about that on another occasion maybe, but note this now: Sending messages with the dispatcher is thread safe. This means you can send progress messages (or any message) to the model also from async functions that run within your top level async function, or e.g. from a timer event, or anywhere really.
FINAL UPDATE : The demo on GitHub is now slightly more advanced than shown here, but the principle is still the same, so I won't bother to update the source in this answer. Anybody interested in this will most probably need the complete demo source anyway, unless you're already well into Elmish.WPF
The last part of the question, added later, is answered here.
When doing lengthy and/or CPU-intensive work, then this should be done as shown in the longRunningOperationLeft function below. This also shows how functions elsewhere, that should not be dependent on the GUI, can be written in such a way that progress updates can be sent to the GUI.
The longRunningOperationRight shown below is doing it the wrong way, blocking the GUI.
My expertise on async and task stuff is not very good, but I think the top-level async functions (such as longRunningOperationLeft) called from Elmish are running on the same thread as the Elmish loop, and this is why they should not be blocked with anything lengthy or CPU-intensive. Instead, that kind of blocking work needs to go into a child computation (such as workToDo). The role of longRunningOperationLeft is to await work, but not do work itself, lest it blocks the GUI.
I don't know whether List.mapi can have an async operation inside it. I suspect not. Anyhow, I suspect that won't be needed for your real-life case.
UPDATE by Mira: You are right. Not needed in my real-life case. Adding reportProgress i (like in your code) inside List/array.mapi is enough.
let private lengthyWork () =
[1..20_000_000] |> List.reduce ( * ) |> ignore
let private workToDo reportProgress = async {
reportProgress 0
lengthyWork ()
reportProgress 25
lengthyWork ()
reportProgress 50
lengthyWork ()
reportProgress 75
lengthyWork ()
reportProgress 100
return 7
}
// This is good.
let private longRunningOperationLeft dispatch = async {
let reportProgress progress = dispatch (UpdateStatusLeft progress)
let! hardWork = Async.StartChild (workToDo reportProgress)
do! Async.Sleep 1000 // Can do some async work here too, while waiting for hardWork to finish.
let! result = hardWork
dispatch WorkIsCompleteLeft
}
// This is not good. Blocking GUI.
let private longRunningOperationRight dispatch = async {
dispatch (UpdateStatusRight 0)
lengthyWork ()
dispatch (UpdateStatusRight 25)
lengthyWork ()
dispatch (UpdateStatusRight 50)
lengthyWork ()
dispatch (UpdateStatusRight 75)
lengthyWork ()
dispatch (UpdateStatusRight 100)
dispatch WorkIsCompleteRight
}
When I'm working in F# Interactive, I often want to make changes to an event handler. Simply calling the Subscribe or Add or AddHandler functions on an event causes the old event to continue being called, which is rarely the intention.
One solution is to use the IDisposable that it returns, but that requires tracking the IDisposables in your own code, which is cumbersome for exploratory tasks.
I've tried making a Dictionary<IEvent,IDisposable> to call Dispose() when the same event is subscribed to again:
let events = Dictionary<obj, IDisposable>()
let subonce (e:IEvent<'h,'e>) (handler: 'e -> unit) =
if events.ContainsKey e then
events.[e].Dispose()
events.Remove e |> ignore
let d = e.Subscribe handler
events.Add (e,d) |> ignore
let w = Window()
w.Show()
//Running this line in FSI a second time onward should Dispose() the previous subscription
subonce w.MouseUp (fun e -> printfn "%A" <| e.GetPosition(w))
Unfortunately, as it turns out, F# generates a new IEvent instance, so naively using = or obj.Equals doesn't cut it.
> w.MouseUp;;
val it : IEvent<Input.MouseButtonEventHandler,Input.MouseButtonEventArgs> =
<published event> {addHandler = <fun:it#5-70>;
createHandler = <fun:it#5-72>;
removeHandler = <fun:it#5-71>;}
> w.MouseUp;;
val it : IEvent<Input.MouseButtonEventHandler,Input.MouseButtonEventArgs> =
<published event> {addHandler = <fun:it#6-74>; //note that these functions are of a different anonymous instance
createHandler = <fun:it#6-76>;
removeHandler = <fun:it#6-75>;}
Are there any properties or fields I can find within an IEvent that would identify it against other instances of the owner and against different events in that owner?
Not exactly an answer to the question, but I can't think of many other scenarios in which you'd need to identify an event instance, so maybe this is good enough:
type OneHandler<'e> = { mutable h : 'e -> unit }
let onehandler (e:IEvent<'h,'e>) =
let h = { h = fun _ -> () }
e.Subscribe(fun e -> h.h e) |> ignore
h
let w = Window()
let wmouseup = onehandler w.MouseUp
wmouseup.h <- (fun e -> printfn "%A" <| e.GetPosition(w))
This way, by evaluating just the assignment to wmouseup.h, we can change the event handler without having to restart the w or juggle IDisposable or Handler objects.
I've got an F# project that loads some files to an outside subsystem and then uses Table Dependency to wait for some rows to be added to a table as a side effect.
Table Dependency is used in the type below to watch for the db changes. It fires a custom event when a row is added/changed/whatever:
// just using this type for the RecordChangedEvent to marshal the id we want into something
type AccountLoaded() =
let mutable someId = ""
// this property name matches the name of the table column (SomeId)
member this.SomeId
with get () = someId
and set (value) = someId <- value
// AccountLoadWatcher
type AccountLoadWatcher() =
let mutable _tableDependency = null
let event = new Event<_>()
interface IDisposable with
member this.Dispose() =
_tableDependency.Stop()
_tableDependency.Dispose()
// custom event we can send when an account is loaded
[<CLIEvent>]
member this.AccountLoaded = event.Publish
member private this.NotifyAccountLoaded(sender : RecordChangedEventArgs<AccountLoaded>) =
let accountLoaded = sender.Entity
event.Trigger(accountLoaded.SomeId)
member this.Watch() =
_tableDependency <- DbLib.getTableDependency "dbo" "AccountTable"
null
_tableDependency.OnChanged.Add(this.NotifyAccountLoaded)
_tableDependency.Start()
What I want to do is take the above object and just wait for all the rows with ids I care about to be loaded. What I have so far is:
let waitForRows(csvFileRows) =
let idsToWaitFor = parseUniqueIdsFromAllRows csvFileRows
let mutable collected = Set.empty
let isInSet id = Set.contains id idsToWaitFor
let notDone = not <| (Set.difference idsToWaitFor collected = Set.empty)
let accountLoadedHandler id =
collected <- collected.Add id
printfn "Id loaded %s, waiting for %A\n" id (Set.difference idsToWaitFor collected)
loadToSubsystem csvFileRows |> ignore
// wait for all the watcher events; filtering each event object for ids we care about
watcher.AccountLoaded
|> Observable.takeWhile (fun _ -> notDone)
|> Observable.filter (fun e -> isInSet e)
|> Observable.subscribe accountLoadedHandler
|> ignore
doMoreWork()
but that just continues to doMoreWork without waiting for all the events i need above.
Do I need to use a task or async? F# Agents?
Given that you are using Observable.takeWhile in your example, I'm assuming that you are using the FSharp.Control.Reactive wrapper to get access to the full range of reactive combinators.
Your approach has some good ideas, such as using takeWhile to wait until you collect all IDs, but the use of mutation is quite unfortunate - it might not even be safe to do this because of possible race conditions.
A nice alternative is to use one of the various scan function to collect a state as the events happen. You can use Observable.scanInit to start with an empty set and add all IDs; followed by Observable.takeWhile to keep accepting events until you have all the IDs you're waiting for. To actually wait (and block), you can use Observable.wait. Something like this:
let waitForRows(csvFileRows) =
let idsToWaitFor = parseUniqueIdsFromAllRows csvFileRows
let finalCollectedIDs =
watcher.AccountLoaded
|> Observable.scanInit Set.empty (fun collected id -> Set.add id collected)
|> Observable.takeWhile (fun collected -> not (Set.isSubset idsToWaitFor co llected))
|> Observable.wait
printfn "Completed. Final collected IDs are: %A" finalCollectedIDs
I am a little curious about the code example below and what people think.
The idea was to read from a NetworkStream (~20 msg/s) and instead of working in the main, pass things to MainboxProcessor to handle and get things back for bindings when done.
The usual way is to use PostAndReply, but I want to bind to ListView or other control in C#. Must do magic with LastN items and filtering anyway.
Plus, Rx has some error handling.
The example below observes numbers from 2..10 and returns "hello X". On 8 it stops like it was EOF. Made it to ToEnumerable because other thread finishes before otherwise, but it works with Subscribe as well.
What bothers me:
passing Subject(obj) around in recursion. I don't see any problems having around 3-4 of those. Good idea?
Lifetime of Subject.
open System
open System.Threading
open System.Reactive.Subjects
open System.Reactive.Linq // NuGet, take System.Reactive.Core also.
open System.Reactive.Concurrency
type SerializedLogger() =
let _letters = new Subject<string>()
// create the mailbox processor
let agent = MailboxProcessor.Start(fun inbox ->
// the message processing function
let rec messageLoop (letters:Subject<string>) = async{
// read a message
let! msg = inbox.Receive()
printfn "mailbox: %d in Thread: %d" msg Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId
do! Async.Sleep 100
// write it to the log
match msg with
| 8 -> letters.OnCompleted() // like EOF.
| x -> letters.OnNext(sprintf "hello %d" x)
// loop to top
return! messageLoop letters
}
// start the loop
messageLoop _letters
)
// public interface
member this.Log msg = agent.Post msg
member this.Getletters() = _letters.AsObservable()
/// Print line with prefix 1.
let myPrint1 x = printfn "onNext - %s, Thread: %d" x Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId
// Actions
let onNext = new Action<string>(myPrint1)
let onCompleted = new Action(fun _ -> printfn "Complete")
[<EntryPoint>]
let main argv =
async{
printfn "Main is on: %d" Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId
// test
let logger = SerializedLogger()
logger.Log 1 // ignored?
let xObs = logger
.Getletters() //.Where( fun x -> x <> "hello 5")
.SubscribeOn(Scheduler.CurrentThread)
.ObserveOn(Scheduler.CurrentThread)
.ToEnumerable() // this
//.Subscribe(onNext, onCompleted) // or with Dispose()
[2..10] |> Seq.iter (logger.Log)
xObs |> Seq.iter myPrint1
while true
do
printfn "waiting"
System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(1000)
return 0
} |> Async.RunSynchronously // return an integer exit code
I have done similar things, but using the plain F# Event type rather than Subject. It basically lets you create IObservable and trigger its subscribes - much like your use of more complex Subject. The event-based version would be:
type SerializedLogger() =
let letterProduced = new Event<string>()
let lettersEnded = new Event<unit>()
let agent = MailboxProcessor.Start(fun inbox ->
let rec messageLoop (letters:Subject<string>) = async {
// Some code omitted
match msg with
| 8 -> lettersEnded.Trigger()
| x -> letterProduced.Trigger(sprintf "hello %d" x)
// ...
member this.Log msg = agent.Post msg
member this.LetterProduced = letterProduced.Publish
member this.LettersEnded = lettersEnded.Publish
The important differences are:
Event cannot trigger OnCompleted, so I instead exposed two separate events. This is quite unfortunate! Given that Subject is very similar to events in all other aspects, this might be a good reason for using subject instead of plain event.
The nice aspect of using Event is that it is a standard F# type, so you do not need any external dependencies in the agent.
I noticed your comment noting that the first call to Log was ignored. That's because you subscribe to the event handler only after this call happens. I think you could use ReplaySubject variation on the Subject idea here - it replays all events when you subscribe to it, so the one that happened earlier would not be lost (but there is a cost to caching).
In summary, I think using Subject is probably a good idea - it is essentially the same pattern as using Event (which I think is quite standard way of exposing notifications from agents), but it lets you trigger OnCompleted. I would probably not use ReplaySubject, because of the caching cost - you just have to make sure to subscribe before triggering any events.
How do I register and implement event handlers for .Net events within F#?
I reviewed this link but it seems a bit verbose.
Example:
namespace Core
open Lego.Ev3.Core
open Lego.Ev3.Desktop
type LegoExample() =
let _brick = Brick(BluetoothCommunication("COM3"))
_brick.Changed += OnBrickChanged
let OnBrickChanged =
// some logic goes here...
In F#, events are represented as IEvent<T> values which inherit from IObservable<T> and so they are just ordinary values - not a special language construct.
You can register a handler using the Add method:
type LegoExample() =
let brick = Brick(BluetoothCommunication("COM3"))
do brick.Changed.Add(fun e ->
// some logic goes here...
)
You need the do keyword here if you want to register the handler inside the constructor of LegoExample.
Alternatively, you can also use various functions from the Observable module - those implement basic functionality similar to the one provided by Rx:
type LegoExample() =
let brick = Brick(BluetoothCommunication("COM3"))
do brick.Changed
|> Observable.filter (fun e -> ...)
|> Observable.add (fun e ->
// some logic goes here...
)