I'm trying to create a CI/CD pipeline in Azure DevOps for my Application. With the Build Pipeline section I have no problem. It's a react app which gets build and hosted (nginx) via a Docker Container. So building the Docker Container and pushing it to my private Docker Hub is no problem, that will work.But I actually can't figure out how to configure the release pipeline to deploy to a Azure WebApp for Containers with a private Docker Hub. Because there is no option for a service connection or Login Credentials to Configure. Would be nice if someone could help me and give a hint.
Thanks
But I actually can't figure out how to configure the release pipeline
to deploy to a Azure WebApp for Containers with a private Docker Hub.
Because there is no option for a service connection or Login
Credentials to Configure. Would be nice if someone could help me and
give a hint.
You don't need to provide service connection or Login Credentials of private Docker Hub within the Azure Web App For containers task or Azure App Service Deploy task.
Instead you should configure the credentials in Azure Web Portal. Go Azure Web Portal=>App Service=>Settings=>Container Settings you'll see:
You can enter your credentials there or you can configure the credentials when creating Azure App Service.
Since your Azure App Service can access your Private Docker Hub and deployment tasks in Azure Devops pipeline can access the Azure App Service with Azure Subscription input, the Azure WebApp for Containers task can automatically access the Private Docker Hub registry. (That's why you don't have/need an option to provide credentials of private docker hub!)
I am using Azure Kubernetes Service(AKS) and I am no allowed to use Docker Hub repository for pushing and pulling Images, so please tell me, is there a way to create kubernetes deployments or pods by using tar of image or by pulling image using ssh connection from other server in which I am having Docker engine running.
I am assuming that the reason why you are not allowed to use Docker Hub is because of the company policy that wants to keep everything private and contained within Azure.
In that case, I suggest using the Azure's own container registry service named Azure Container Registry which have the following benefit:
It works similar to DockerHub in the sense that you can just sign in with username and password, update the image name and you are good to go.
It is the solution from Azure which should fit nicely in your Infrastructure design. Please refer to this link for details instructions on how to connect your AKS and ACR.
The traffic flow from AKS and ACR is private and not exposed to the Internet.
We need to transfer large number of docker images from Azure DevOps to private container registry (this registry does not have access to the Internet). For this matter there is proxy machine with Windows Server with Azure Cli and access to the Azure DevOps, but we are restricted with installing Docker there.
Is there a way to pull docker images from Azure DevOps and push them into another container registry without installed Docker? Perhaps there is slim version of Docker or some official script.
You can basically save it as an archive, and reload it the same way.
Is it possible, to pull private images from Docker Hub to a Google Cloud Kubernetes cluster?
Is this recommended, or do I need to push my private images also to Google Cloud?
I read the documentation, but I found nothing that could explain me this clearly. It seems that it is possible, but I don´t know if it's recommended.
There is no restriction to use any registry you want. If you just use the image name, (e.g., image: nginx) in pod specification, the image will be pulled from public docker hub registry with tag assumed as :latest
As mentioned in the Kubernetes documentation:
The image property of a container supports the same syntax as the
docker command does, including private registries and tags. Private
registries may require keys to read images from them.
Using Google Container Registry
Kubernetes has native support for the Google Container Registry (GCR), when running on Google
Compute Engine (GCE). If you are running your cluster on GCE or Google
Kubernetes Engine, simply use the full image name (e.g.
gcr.io/my_project/image:tag). All pods in a cluster will have read
access to images in this registry.
Using AWS EC2 Container Registry
Kubernetes has native support for the AWS EC2 Container Registry, when nodes are AWS EC2 instances.
Simply use the full image name (e.g.
ACCOUNT.dkr.ecr.REGION.amazonaws.com/imagename:tag) in the Pod
definition. All users of the cluster who can create pods will be able
to run pods that use any of the images in the ECR registry.
Using Azure Container Registry (ACR)
When using Azure Container Registry you can authenticate using either an admin user or a
service principal. In either case, authentication is done via standard
Docker authentication. These instructions assume the azure-cli command
line tool.
You first need to create a registry and generate credentials, complete
documentation for this can be found in the Azure container registry
documentation.
Configuring Nodes to Authenticate to a Private Repository
Here are the recommended steps to configuring your nodes to use a private
registry. In this example, run these on your desktop/laptop:
Run docker login [server] for each set of credentials you want to use. This updates $HOME/.docker/config.json.
View $HOME/.docker/config.json in an editor to ensure it contains just the credentials you want to use.
Get a list of your nodes, for example:
if you want the names: nodes=$(kubectl get nodes -o jsonpath='{range.items[*].metadata}{.name} {end}')
if you want to get the IPs: nodes=$(kubectl get nodes -o jsonpath='{range
.items[*].status.addresses[?(#.type=="ExternalIP")]}{.address}
{end}')
Copy your local .docker/config.json to the home directory of root on each node.
for example: for n in $nodes; do scp ~/.docker/config.json root#$n:/root/.docker/config.json; done
Use cases:
There are a number of solutions for configuring private registries.
Here are some common use cases and suggested solutions.
Cluster running only non-proprietary (e.g. open-source) images. No need to hide images.
Use public images on the Docker hub.
No configuration required.
On GCE/Google Kubernetes Engine, a local mirror is automatically used for improved speed and availability.
Cluster running some proprietary images which should be hidden to those outside the company, but visible to all cluster users.
Use a hosted private Docker registry.
It may be hosted on the Docker Hub, or elsewhere.
Manually configure .docker/config.json on each node as described above.
Or, run an internal private registry behind your firewall with open read access.
No Kubernetes configuration is required.
Or, when on GCE/Google Kubernetes Engine, use the project’s Google Container Registry.
It will work better with cluster autoscaling than manual node configuration.
Or, on a cluster where changing the node configuration is inconvenient, use imagePullSecrets.
Cluster with a proprietary images, a few of which require stricter access control.
Ensure AlwaysPullImages admission controller is active. Otherwise, all Pods potentially have access to all images.
Move sensitive data into a “Secret” resource, instead of packaging it in an image.
A multi-tenant cluster where each tenant needs own private registry.
Ensure AlwaysPullImages admission controller is active. Otherwise, all Pods of all tenants potentially have access to all
images.
Run a private registry with authorization required.
Generate registry credential for each tenant, put into secret, and populate secret to each tenant namespace.
The tenant adds that secret to imagePullSecrets of each namespace.
Consider reading the Pull an Image from a Private Registry document if you decide to use a private registry.
There are 3 types of registries:
Public (Docker Hub, Docker Cloud, Quay, etc.)
Private: This would be a registry running on your local network. An example would be to run a docker container with a registry image.
Restricted: That is one registry that needs some credentials to validate. Google Container Registry (GCR) in an example.
As you are well saying, in a public registry, such as Docker Hub, you can have private images.
Private and Restricted registries are more secure obviously, as one of them is not even exposed to internet (ideally), and the other one needs credentials.
I guess you can achieve an acceptable security level with any of them. So, it is matter of choice. If you feel your application is critical, and you don't want to run any risk, you should have it in GCR, or in a private registry.
If you feel like it is important, but not critical, you could have it in any public repository, making it private. This will give a layer of security.
I am looking for an open source solution to sync several docker registries. Could anybody give me some hints about this?
The easiest way to set up a docker registry is using the official docker registry. This allows you to easily run a registry server with a configurable storage backend. As others have mentioned you can use S3 or Google Cloud storage. (I have personally used Google Cloud storage and have not run into any problems).
I would also check out this digital ocean post about setting up a docker registry: How to setup a docker registry.
Since you are interested in clustering, all you would need to do at this point is setup multiple registry servers with the same bucket as a storage backend. Then put a load balancer such as haproxy or nginx in front of them. This will give you the fault tolerance and load balancing that you are looking for.